EP2578801A1 - Shroud for a turbo engine blade - Google Patents

Shroud for a turbo engine blade Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2578801A1
EP2578801A1 EP11184254.8A EP11184254A EP2578801A1 EP 2578801 A1 EP2578801 A1 EP 2578801A1 EP 11184254 A EP11184254 A EP 11184254A EP 2578801 A1 EP2578801 A1 EP 2578801A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
shrouds
arrangement
shroud
blades
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11184254.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2578801B1 (en
Inventor
Jörg Dr. Frischbier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MTU Aero Engines AG
Original Assignee
MTU Aero Engines GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTU Aero Engines GmbH filed Critical MTU Aero Engines GmbH
Priority to EP11184254.8A priority Critical patent/EP2578801B1/en
Priority to ES11184254T priority patent/ES2869338T3/en
Priority to US13/644,854 priority patent/US9441490B2/en
Publication of EP2578801A1 publication Critical patent/EP2578801A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2578801B1 publication Critical patent/EP2578801B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/22—Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations
    • F01D5/225—Blade-to-blade connections, e.g. for damping vibrations by shrouding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/027—Arrangements for balancing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/141—Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form
    • F01D5/142—Shape, i.e. outer, aerodynamic form of the blades of successive rotor or stator blade-rows
    • F01D5/143—Contour of the outer or inner working fluid flow path wall, i.e. shroud or hub contour
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/14—Form or construction
    • F01D5/16—Form or construction for counteracting blade vibration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/80—Platforms for stationary or moving blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a blade lattice, in particular a guide or playpens, for a turbomachine, in particular a gas turbine, as well as a turbomachine with at least one such blade lattice.
  • Known blade grids are composed of a plurality of blade arrangements with one or more blades each.
  • shrouds radially on the blade tips, with blades radially inward, and guide shrouds, with shrouds of adjacent blade assemblies contacting each other in a braced manner.
  • the blades can be aeroelastic unstable and flutter, which can lead to the vibration fracture of the blades.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved blade grid.
  • a blade grid according to the preamble of claim 1 is further developed by its characterizing features.
  • Claim 9 provides a turbomachine with at least one such blade grid under protection, the dependent claims relate to advantageous developments.
  • a blade lattice according to the present invention comprises a number of first blade assemblies.
  • the number may be one or more and is even or odd in a preferred embodiment.
  • the first blade arrangements each have one or more first blades and a first shroud, which in a preferred development is firmly connected to the blades, in particular integrally formed therewith.
  • the shroud may also be releasably connected to the blades.
  • the blade (s) preferably have a blade platform, which in a preferred development is firmly connected to the blades, in particular integrally formed therewith.
  • a blade arrangement in the sense of the present invention is thus defined in particular by a shroud, which is connected to the blade (s) of the blade arrangement.
  • the shrouds of the first blade assemblies each have an extent in the circumferential and axial directions, preferably, these first shrouds, at least substantially, annular.
  • the blade grid has at least a number of further blade arrangements. This number may also be one or more and is even or odd in a preferred embodiment.
  • Further blade arrangements each have one or more further blades and a further shroud which, in a preferred development, is firmly connected to the blades, in particular integrally formed therewith.
  • the shroud may also be releasably connected to the blades.
  • the blade (s) On the side facing radially on the shroud, the blade (s) preferably have a blade platform, which in a preferred development is firmly connected to the blades, in particular integrally formed therewith.
  • a further blade arrangement preferably corresponds to the differences explained below of a first blade arrangement.
  • the extent of the further shrouds in the circumferential and / or axial direction differs from the extent of the first shrouds in this direction.
  • the further shrouds which are also preferably, at least substantially, annular, may thus be longer or shorter in particular in the circumferential direction than the first shrouds and in particular have different overhangs in the circumferential direction. Additionally or alternatively, further shrouds may be longer or shorter in the axial direction than the first shrouds and, in particular, protrude or be set back on one or both sides over the edges of the first shrouds in the axial direction.
  • first and further blade arrangements can be represented, preferably in the case of - at least substantially - radially homogeneous outer surface of the shroud composite of the blade grid, thus reducing aerodynamic vibration, in particular if a shroud bracing is lost.
  • the extent in the radial direction of first shrouds and other blade assemblies may also be different, preferably in a playpen a radially uniform or annular outer surface and a Leitgitter a radially constant or annular inner surface is provided.
  • the shovel grille may have one or more numbers of other further blade arrangements whose other further shrouds extend in the circumferential, axial and / or radial direction of the corresponding extent the other blade arrangements, in particular the first and the further blade arrangements, is different.
  • a number of first blade arrangements, an identical or different number of further, second blade arrangements, and preferably an identical or different number of other further, third blade arrangements may be provided.
  • an equal or different number of other further, fourth blade assemblies may be provided, an equal or different number of other further fifth blade assemblies, and so forth.
  • shrouds of other or other further blade arrangements can be shorter or longer in the circumferential direction than the first shrouds.
  • the other shrouds of other further, third blade arrangements can be longer or longer in the circumferential direction than the other shrouds and preferably also as the first shrouds.
  • the other shrouds of further, second blade arrangements can be wider or narrower in the axial direction than the first shrouds.
  • the other shrouds of other further, third blade arrangements can be wider or narrower in the axial direction than the other shrouds and preferably also as the first shrouds.
  • another extension i. an extension of a shroud of another or another further blade arrangement in the circumferential, axial and / or radial direction by at least 10%, preferably at least 15% and preferably at least 20% greater or smaller than the first extension of a shroud of a first blade arrangement and / or another further extension of a shroud of another further blade arrangement.
  • the extensions of adjacent shrouds in the circumferential and axial directions may be in opposite directions, i. axially wider shrouds axially narrower shrouds be adjacent, but are longer in the circumferential direction, so that reduced mass differences, but the natural frequencies are detuned due to the different moments of inertia about the blade axes.
  • the shrouds of one or more, preferably all, blade arrangements are symmetrical to the blades of this blade arrangement in the circumferential and / or axial direction.
  • a symmetry in the axial direction is in particular understood that the shrouds or blades in the axial direction on both sides by the same amount survive, under a symmetry in the circumferential direction according to that the shrouds or blades overhang in the circumferential direction by the same amount.
  • the shrouds of a or more, preferably all blade arrangements to the blades of this blade assembly in the circumferential and / or axial direction also be asymmetric.
  • shrouds may be offset relative to the blades of the blade arrangements in the circumferential and / or axial direction or on the two sides of the blade arrangement by different amounts to survive or hang.
  • two or more, in particular all, blade arrangements have the same number of blades, in a preferred embodiment exactly one blade each.
  • a (different) further blade arrangement preferably corresponds to the extension of the shrouds of the first blade arrangement.
  • the first and one, in particular all other blade arrangements are distributed cyclically over the circumference. If the blade grid has a number of first and only a number of further blade arrangements, these are alternately distributed over the circumference. If the blade grid has a number of first, a number of further, second blade arrangements and a number of further, third blade arrangements, these can be arranged cyclically in approximately the order of first blade arrangement - second blade arrangement - third blade arrangement - first blade arrangement or second in the order first blade arrangement Blade assembly - first blade assembly - third blade assembly - first blade assembly distributed over the circumference.
  • shrouds of adjacent blade arrangements have complementary, in particular non-planar, mutually facing contact surfaces.
  • the contact surfaces may in particular be wave-shaped.
  • shrouds of at least one blade arrangement have one or more recesses or pockets, wherein shrouds at least another blade arrangement have no recess. Additionally or alternatively, shrouds of at least one other blade arrangement may have a different number, arrangement and / or shape of recesses. As a result, natural frequencies of the blade arrangements can be additionally detuned.
  • Fig. 1 shows a development of a part of a running gate of a turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the playpillar is alternately composed of first blade assemblies 120 and further, second blade assemblies 220.
  • Each blade assembly includes a blade platform, a blade 100 and 200 integrally formed therewith and a shroud 10 and 20 integrally formed therewith.
  • the adjacent shrouds 10, 20 have complementary, wavy facing each other contact surfaces.
  • the first shrouds 10 of the first blade assemblies 120 each with a blade 100 facing in the circumferential direction (vertically in Fig. 1 ) have a first extension T1 and are in the circumferential and axial directions (horizontal in Fig. 1 ) are arranged symmetrically to the blades 100, ie have the same overhang or negative supernatant or return offset.
  • the second shrouds 20 of the second blade assemblies 220 are also arranged symmetrically in the circumferential and axial direction to the blades 200 and have in the circumferential direction a second extent T2, which is less than that Extension T1.
  • the shrouds 10, 20 each have the same extension, so that on the one hand a homogeneous, annular lateral surface of the shroud is achieved, on the other hand, a detuning of the natural frequencies of adjacent blade assemblies 120, 220th
  • FIG. 2 shows in Fig. 1 corresponding representation of a development of a part of a running lattice of a turbine according to a further embodiment of the present invention.
  • Matching elements are denoted by identical reference numerals, so that below only the differences from this embodiment will be discussed.
  • Each blade arrangement 120, 220 has two blades 100 and 110 or 200 and 210, which are formed integrally with a common platform and connected to a common shroud 10 or further shroud 20. Again, the shrouds 10, 20 in the circumferential direction different extents T1, T2.
  • the shrouds 20 also have recesses or pockets 21, which further change the weight and moment of inertia of the blade assemblies 220 and thus detune their natural frequencies, while the blade assemblies 120 have no such recesses.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

The cascade has two sets of blade assemblies (120, 220) comprising two blades (100, 200) and two shrouds (10, 20), respectively, where the shrouds comprise two extensions (T1, T2) in circumferential and/or axial direction and in same direction, respectively. The shrouds are symmetrically or asymmetrically arranged at the blade assemblies in the circumferential and/or axial direction, where each of the blade assemblies comprises single blade. The blade assemblies are cyclically distributed over the circumference.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Schaufelgitter, insbesondere ein Leit- oder Laufgitter, für eine Turbomaschine, insbesondere eine Gasturbine, sowie eine Turbomaschine mit wenigstens einem solchen Schaufelgitter.The present invention relates to a blade lattice, in particular a guide or playpens, for a turbomachine, in particular a gas turbine, as well as a turbomachine with at least one such blade lattice.

Bekannte Schaufelgitter sind aus einer Mehrzahl von Schaufelanordnungen mit je einer oder mehreren Schaufeln zusammengesetzt. Um die Stabilität eines solchen Schaufelgitters zu erhöhen und/oder ein Arbeitsfluid zu leiten, ist es bekannt, an den Schaufelspitzen, bei Laufschaufeln also radial außen, bei Leitschaufeln radial innen, Deckbänder anzuordnen, wobei Deckbänder benachbarter Schaufelanordnungen einander verspannt kontaktieren.Known blade grids are composed of a plurality of blade arrangements with one or more blades each. In order to increase the stability of such a blade grid and / or to conduct a working fluid, it is known to arrange shrouds radially on the blade tips, with blades radially inward, and guide shrouds, with shrouds of adjacent blade assemblies contacting each other in a braced manner.

Insbesondere bei Verlust der Deckbandverspannung, beispielsweise nach langer Betriebszeit oder infolge eines Fehlerfalles, können die Schaufeln aeroelastisch instabil werden und flattern, was zum Schwingbruch der Schaufeln führen kann.In particular, in the loss of the shroud bracing, for example, after a long period of operation or as a result of an error, the blades can be aeroelastic unstable and flutter, which can lead to the vibration fracture of the blades.

Aus der GB 252,701 B1 ist es daher bekannt, abwechselnd erste und zweite Schaufelanordnungen mit Deckbändern anzuordnen, wobei die Schaufeln benachbarter Schaufelanordnungen unterschiedliche Schaufelprofile und die Deckbänder benachbarter Schaufelanordnungen unterschiedliche radiale Wandstärken aufweisen, so dass benachbarte Schaufelanordnungen unterschiedliche Eigenfrequenzen aufweisen. Um hierbei jedoch größere Frequenzunterschiede darzustellen, müssten die radialen Wandstärken stark variieren. Dies würde jedoch zu einer in radialer Richtung stark variierenden Mantelfläche des Deckbandverbundes führen, was dynamisch und/oder strömungstechnisch nachteilig sein kann.From the GB 252,701 B1 It is therefore known to alternately arrange first and second blade assemblies with shrouds, wherein the blades of adjacent blade assemblies different blade profiles and the shrouds of adjacent blade assemblies have different radial wall thicknesses, so that adjacent blade assemblies have different natural frequencies. However, in order to represent larger frequency differences, the radial wall thicknesses would have to vary greatly. However, this would lead to a strongly varying lateral surface of the shroud composite in the radial direction, which can be disadvantageous dynamically and / or fluidically.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein verbessertes Schaufelgitter zur Verfügung zu stellen.The object of the present invention is to provide an improved blade grid.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist ein Schaufelgitter nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 durch dessen kennzeichnende Merkmale weitergebildet. Anspruch 9 stellt eine Turbomaschine mit wenigstens einem solchen Schaufelgitter unter Schutz, die Unteransprüche betreffen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen.To achieve this object, a blade grid according to the preamble of claim 1 is further developed by its characterizing features. Claim 9 provides a turbomachine with at least one such blade grid under protection, the dependent claims relate to advantageous developments.

Ein Schaufelgitter nach der vorliegenden Erfindung weist eine Anzahl erster Schaufelanordnungen auf. Die Anzahl kann eins oder mehr betragen und ist in einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung gerad- oder ungeradzahlig. Die ersten Schaufelanordnungen weisen jeweils eine oder mehrere erste Schaufeln und ein erstes Deckband auf, das in einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung fest mit den Schaufeln verbunden, insbesondere integral mit diesen ausgebildet ist. Gleichermaßen kann das Deckband auch lösbar mit den Schaufeln verbunden sein. Auf der dem Deckband radial gegenüberliegenden Seite weisen die Schaufel(n) vorzugsweise eine Schaufelplattform auf, die in einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung fest mit den Schaufeln verbunden, insbesondere integral mit diesen ausgebildet ist. Eine Schaufelanordnung im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung wird somit insbesondere durch ein Deckband definiert, welches mit der bzw. den Schaufeln der Schaufelanordnung verbunden ist.A blade lattice according to the present invention comprises a number of first blade assemblies. The number may be one or more and is even or odd in a preferred embodiment. The first blade arrangements each have one or more first blades and a first shroud, which in a preferred development is firmly connected to the blades, in particular integrally formed therewith. Likewise, the shroud may also be releasably connected to the blades. On the side facing radially on the shroud, the blade (s) preferably have a blade platform, which in a preferred development is firmly connected to the blades, in particular integrally formed therewith. A blade arrangement in the sense of the present invention is thus defined in particular by a shroud, which is connected to the blade (s) of the blade arrangement.

Die Deckbänder der ersten Schaufelanordnungen weisen jeweils eine Erstreckung in Umfangs- und Axialrichtung auf, vorzugsweise sind diese ersten Deckbänder, wenigstens im Wesentlichen, ringförmig.The shrouds of the first blade assemblies each have an extent in the circumferential and axial directions, preferably, these first shrouds, at least substantially, annular.

Das Schaufelgitter weist wenigstens eine Anzahl weiterer Schaufelanordnungen auf. Diese Anzahl kann ebenfalls eins oder mehr betragen und ist in einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung gerad- oder ungeradzahlig. Weitere Schaufelanordnungen weisen jeweils eine oder mehrere weitere Schaufeln und ein weiteres Deckband auf, das in einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung fest mit den Schaufeln verbunden, insbesondere integral mit diesen ausgebildet ist. Gleichermaßen kann das Deckband auch lösbar mit den Schaufeln verbunden sein. Auf der dem Deckband radial gegenüberliegenden Seite weisen die Schaufel(n) vorzugsweise eine Schaufelplattform auf, die in einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung fest mit den Schaufeln verbunden, insbesondere integral mit diesen ausgebildet ist. Eine weitere Schaufelanordnung entspricht bevorzugt bis auf die nachfolgend erläuterten Unterschiede einer ersten Schaufelanordnung. Erfindungsgemäß ist die Erstreckung der weiteren Deckbänder in Umfangs- und/oder Axialrichtung von der Erstreckung der ersten Deckbänder in dieser Richtung verschieden. Die weiteren Deckbänder, die bevorzugt ebenfalls, wenigstens im Wesentlichen, ringförmig sind, können somit insbesondere in Umfangsrichtung länger oder kürzer sein als die ersten Deckbänder und insbesondere unterschiedliche Überhänge in Umfangsrichtung aufweisen. Zusätzlich oder alternativ können weitere Deckbänder in Axialrichtung länger oder kürzer sein als die ersten Deckbänder und insbesondere auf einer oder beiden Seiten über die Ränder der ersten Deckbänder in Axialrichtung hervorragen oder zurückgesetzt sein.The blade grid has at least a number of further blade arrangements. This number may also be one or more and is even or odd in a preferred embodiment. Further blade arrangements each have one or more further blades and a further shroud which, in a preferred development, is firmly connected to the blades, in particular integrally formed therewith. Likewise, the shroud may also be releasably connected to the blades. On the side facing radially on the shroud, the blade (s) preferably have a blade platform, which in a preferred development is firmly connected to the blades, in particular integrally formed therewith. A further blade arrangement preferably corresponds to the differences explained below of a first blade arrangement. According to the invention, the extent of the further shrouds in the circumferential and / or axial direction differs from the extent of the first shrouds in this direction. The further shrouds, which are also preferably, at least substantially, annular, may thus be longer or shorter in particular in the circumferential direction than the first shrouds and in particular have different overhangs in the circumferential direction. Additionally or alternatively, further shrouds may be longer or shorter in the axial direction than the first shrouds and, in particular, protrude or be set back on one or both sides over the edges of the first shrouds in the axial direction.

Hierdurch können, vorzugsweise bei ― wenigstens im Wesentlichen ― radial homogenen Mantelfläche des Deckbandverbunds des Schaufelgitters, unterschiedliche Eigenfrequenzen der ersten und weiteren Schaufelanordnungen dargestellt und so eine aerodynamische Vibration, insbesondere bei Verlust einer Deckbandverspannung, reduziert werden. In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung können zusätzlich auch die Erstreckung in Radialrichtung von ersten Deckbändern und weiteren Schaufelanordnungen verschieden sein, wobei vorzugsweise bei einem Laufgitter eine radial gleichbleibende bzw. ringförmige äußere Mantelfläche und bei einem Leitgitter eine radial gleichbleibende bzw. ringförmige innere Mantelfläche vorgesehen ist.As a result, different natural frequencies of the first and further blade arrangements can be represented, preferably in the case of - at least substantially - radially homogeneous outer surface of the shroud composite of the blade grid, thus reducing aerodynamic vibration, in particular if a shroud bracing is lost. In a preferred embodiment, the extent in the radial direction of first shrouds and other blade assemblies may also be different, preferably in a playpen a radially uniform or annular outer surface and a Leitgitter a radially constant or annular inner surface is provided.

Neben einer weiteren Schaufelanordnung, deren weitere Deckbänder von den Deckbändern der ersten Schaufelanordnungen verschiedene Erstreckungen aufweisen, kann das Schaufelgitter eine oder mehrere Anzahlen anderer weiterer Schaufelanordnungen aufweisen, deren andere weitere Deckbänder eine Erstreckung in Umfangs-, Axial- und/oder Radialrichtung von der entsprechenden Erstreckung der anderen Schaufelanordnungen, insbesondere der ersten und der weiteren Schaufelanordnungen, verschieden ist. Es können also insbesondere eine Anzahl erster Schaufelanordnungen, eine gleiche oder andere Anzahl weiterer, zweiter Schaufelanordnungen und vorzugsweise eine gleiche oder andere Anzahl anderer weiterer, dritter Schaufelanordnungen vorgesehen sein. Zusätzlich kann eine gleiche oder andere Anzahl anderer weiterer, vierter Schaufelanordnungen vorgesehen sein, eine gleiche oder andere Anzahl anderer weiterer, fünfter Schaufelanordnungen und so weiter. Dabei können Erstreckungen von Deckbändern von weiteren bzw. anderen weiteren Schaufelanordnungen in Umfangs-, Axial- und/oder Radialrichtung voneinander und/oder von den Erstreckungen der ersten Deckbänder verschieden sein. Beispielsweise können die weiteren Deckbänder weiterer, zweiter Schaufelanordnungen in Umfangsrichtung kürzer oder länger sein als die ersten Deckbänder. Die weiteren Deckbänder anderer weiterer, dritter Schaufelanordnungen können in Umfangsrichtung länger oder länger als die weiteren Deckbänder und vorzugsweise auch als die ersten Deckbänder sein. Zusätzlich oder alternativ können die weiteren Deckbänder weiterer, zweiter Schaufelanordnungen in Axialrichtung breiter oder schmäler sein als die ersten Deckbänder. Die weiteren Deckbänder anderer weiterer, dritter Schaufelanordnungen können in Axialrichtung breiter oder schmäler als die weiteren Deckbänder und vorzugsweise auch als die ersten Deckbänder sein.In addition to a further blade arrangement whose further shrouds have different extents from the shrouds of the first blade arrangements, the shovel grille may have one or more numbers of other further blade arrangements whose other further shrouds extend in the circumferential, axial and / or radial direction of the corresponding extent the other blade arrangements, in particular the first and the further blade arrangements, is different. Thus, in particular, a number of first blade arrangements, an identical or different number of further, second blade arrangements, and preferably an identical or different number of other further, third blade arrangements, may be provided. In addition, an equal or different number of other further, fourth blade assemblies may be provided, an equal or different number of other further fifth blade assemblies, and so forth. It can Extensions of shrouds of other or other further blade arrangements in the circumferential, axial and / or radial direction from each other and / or be different from the extensions of the first shrouds. For example, the further shrouds of further, second blade arrangements can be shorter or longer in the circumferential direction than the first shrouds. The other shrouds of other further, third blade arrangements can be longer or longer in the circumferential direction than the other shrouds and preferably also as the first shrouds. Additionally or alternatively, the other shrouds of further, second blade arrangements can be wider or narrower in the axial direction than the first shrouds. The other shrouds of other further, third blade arrangements can be wider or narrower in the axial direction than the other shrouds and preferably also as the first shrouds.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführung ist eine weitere Erstreckung, d.h. eine Erstreckung eines Deckbandes einer weiteren bzw. einer anderen weiteren Schaufelanordnung in Umfangs-, Axial- und/oder Radialrichtung um wenigstens 10%, vorzugsweise um wenigstens 15% und bevorzugt um wenigstens 20% größer oder kleiner als die erste Erstreckung eines Deckbandes einer ersten Schaufelanordnung und/oder eine andere weitere Erstreckung eines Deckbandes einer anderen weiteren Schaufelanordnung. Insbesondere können die Erstreckungen benachbarter Deckbänder in Umfangs- und Axialrichtung gegensinnig sein, d.h. in Axialrichtung breitere Deckbänder axial schmäleren Deckbändern benachbart sein, die jedoch in Umfangsrichtung länger sind, so dass Massenunterschiede reduziert, aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Trägheitsmomente um die Schaufelachsen jedoch die Eigenfrequenzen verstimmt sind.In a preferred embodiment, another extension, i. an extension of a shroud of another or another further blade arrangement in the circumferential, axial and / or radial direction by at least 10%, preferably at least 15% and preferably at least 20% greater or smaller than the first extension of a shroud of a first blade arrangement and / or another further extension of a shroud of another further blade arrangement. In particular, the extensions of adjacent shrouds in the circumferential and axial directions may be in opposite directions, i. axially wider shrouds axially narrower shrouds be adjacent, but are longer in the circumferential direction, so that reduced mass differences, but the natural frequencies are detuned due to the different moments of inertia about the blade axes.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführung sind die Deckbänder einer oder mehrerer, vorzugsweise aller Schaufelanordnungen zu den Schaufeln dieser Schaufelanordnung in Umfangs- und/oder Axialrichtung symmetrisch. Unter einer Symmetrie in Axialrichtung wird insbesondere verstanden, dass die Deckbänder bzw. Schaufeln in Axialrichtung beidseitig um denselben Betrag überstehen, unter einer Symmetrie in Umfangsrichtung entsprechend, dass die Deckbänder bzw. Schaufeln in Umfangsrichtung um denselben Betrag überhängen. Gleichermaßen können die Deckbänder einer oder mehrerer, vorzugsweise aller Schaufelanordnungen zu den Schaufeln dieser Schaufelanordnung in Umfangs- und/oder Axialrichtung auch asymmetrisch sein. Insbesondere können Deckbänder gegenüber den Schaufeln der Schaufelanordnungen in Umfangs- und/oder Axialrichtung versetzt sein bzw. auf den beiden Seiten der Schaufelanordnung um unterschiedliche Beträge überstehen bzw. hängen.In a preferred embodiment, the shrouds of one or more, preferably all, blade arrangements are symmetrical to the blades of this blade arrangement in the circumferential and / or axial direction. Under a symmetry in the axial direction is in particular understood that the shrouds or blades in the axial direction on both sides by the same amount survive, under a symmetry in the circumferential direction according to that the shrouds or blades overhang in the circumferential direction by the same amount. Similarly, the shrouds of a or more, preferably all blade arrangements to the blades of this blade assembly in the circumferential and / or axial direction also be asymmetric. In particular, shrouds may be offset relative to the blades of the blade arrangements in the circumferential and / or axial direction or on the two sides of the blade arrangement by different amounts to survive or hang.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführung weisen zwei oder mehr, insbesondere alle, Schaufelanordnungen dieselbe Anzahl von Schaufeln, in einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung jeweils genau eine Schaufel, auf. Wie vorstehend erläutert, entspricht eine (andere) weitere Schaufelanordnung bevorzugt bis auf die Erstreckung der Deckbänder der ersten Schaufelanordnung.In a preferred embodiment, two or more, in particular all, blade arrangements have the same number of blades, in a preferred embodiment exactly one blade each. As explained above, a (different) further blade arrangement preferably corresponds to the extension of the shrouds of the first blade arrangement.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführung sind die erste und eine, insbesondere alle weiteren Schaufelanordnungen, zyklisch über den Umfang verteilt. Weist das Schaufelgitter eine Anzahl erster und nur eine Anzahl weiterer Schaufelanordnungen auf, sind diese abwechselnd über den Umfang verteilt. Weist das Schaufelgitter eine Anzahl erster, eine Anzahl weiterer, zweiter Schaufelanordnungen und eine Anzahl weiterer, dritter Schaufelanordnungen auf, können diese bei zyklischer Verteilung etwa in der Reihenfolge erste Schaufelanordnung ― zweite Schaufelanordnung ― dritte Schaufelanordnung ― erste Schaufelanordnung oder in der Reihenfolge erste Schaufelanordnung― zweite Schaufelanordnung ― erste Schaufelanordnung― dritte Schaufelanordnung ― erste Schaufelanordnung über den Umfang verteilt sein.In a preferred embodiment, the first and one, in particular all other blade arrangements are distributed cyclically over the circumference. If the blade grid has a number of first and only a number of further blade arrangements, these are alternately distributed over the circumference. If the blade grid has a number of first, a number of further, second blade arrangements and a number of further, third blade arrangements, these can be arranged cyclically in approximately the order of first blade arrangement - second blade arrangement - third blade arrangement - first blade arrangement or second in the order first blade arrangement Blade assembly - first blade assembly - third blade assembly - first blade assembly distributed over the circumference.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführung weisen Deckbänder benachbarter Schaufelanordnungen komplementäre, insbesondere nicht ebene, einander zugewandte Kontaktflächen auf. Die Kontaktflächen können insbesondere wellenförmig ausgebildet sein. Indem Kontaktflächen verschiedener Deckbänder unterschiedlich gestaltet sind, kann eine vorgegebene Verteilung der Schaufelanordnungen bei der Montage sichergestellt werden.In a preferred embodiment, shrouds of adjacent blade arrangements have complementary, in particular non-planar, mutually facing contact surfaces. The contact surfaces may in particular be wave-shaped. By making contact surfaces of different shrouds different, a predetermined distribution of the blade assemblies during assembly can be ensured.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführung weisen Deckbänder wenigstens einer Schaufelanordnung eine oder mehrere Aussparungen bzw. Taschen auf, wobei Deckbänder wenigstens einer anderen Schaufelanordnung keine Aussparung aufweisen. Zusätzlich oder alternativ können Deckbänder wenigstens einer anderen Schaufelanordnung eine andere Anzahl, Anordnung und/oder Form von Aussparungen aufweisen. Hierdurch können Eigenfrequenzen der Schaufelanordnungen zusätzlich verstimmt werden.In a preferred embodiment, shrouds of at least one blade arrangement have one or more recesses or pockets, wherein shrouds at least another blade arrangement have no recess. Additionally or alternatively, shrouds of at least one other blade arrangement may have a different number, arrangement and / or shape of recesses. As a result, natural frequencies of the blade arrangements can be additionally detuned.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und den Ausführungsbeispielen. Hierzu zeigt, teilweise schematisiert:

Fig. 1:
eine Abwicklung eines Teils eines Schaufelgitters nach einer Ausführung der vorliegenden Erfindung; und
Fig. 2:
eine Abwicklung eines Teils eines Schaufelgitters nach einer weiteren Ausführung der vorliegenden Erfindung.
Further features and advantages emerge from the subclaims and the exemplary embodiments. This shows, partially schematized:
Fig. 1:
a development of a portion of a blade grid according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
Fig. 2:
a development of a portion of a blade grid according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Abwicklung eines Teils eines Laufgitters einer Turbine nach einer Ausführung der vorliegenden Erfindung. Das Laufgitter ist abwechselnd aus ersten Schaufelanordnungen 120 und weiteren, zweiten Schaufelanordnungen 220 zusammengesetzt. Jede Schaufelanordnung weist eine Schaufelplattform, eine integral mit dieser ausgebildete Laufschaufel 100 bzw. 200 und ein integral mit dieser ausgebildetes Deckband 10 bzw. 20 auf. Die benachbarten Deckbänder 10, 20 weisen komplementäre, wellenförmig einander zugewandte Kontaktflächen auf. Fig. 1 shows a development of a part of a running gate of a turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention. The playpillar is alternately composed of first blade assemblies 120 and further, second blade assemblies 220. Each blade assembly includes a blade platform, a blade 100 and 200 integrally formed therewith and a shroud 10 and 20 integrally formed therewith. The adjacent shrouds 10, 20 have complementary, wavy facing each other contact surfaces.

Die ersten Deckbänder 10 der ersten Schaufelanordnungen 120 mit je einer Schaufel 100 weisen in Umfangsrichtung (vertikal in Fig. 1) eine erste Erstreckung T1 auf und sind in Umfangs- und Axialrichtung (horizontal in Fig. 1) symmetrisch zu den Schaufeln 100 angeordnet, d.h. weisen denselben Überhang bzw. negativen Überstand bzw. Rückversatz auf.The first shrouds 10 of the first blade assemblies 120, each with a blade 100 facing in the circumferential direction (vertically in Fig. 1 ) have a first extension T1 and are in the circumferential and axial directions (horizontal in Fig. 1 ) are arranged symmetrically to the blades 100, ie have the same overhang or negative supernatant or return offset.

Die zweiten Deckbänder 20 der zweiten Schaufelanordnungen 220 sind in Umfangs- und Axialrichtung ebenfalls symmetrisch zu den Schaufeln 200 angeordnet und weisen in Umfangsrichtung eine zweite Erstreckung T2 auf, die geringer ist als die Erstreckung T1. In Axial- und Radialrichtung weisen die Deckbänder 10, 20 hingegen jeweils dieselbe Erstreckung auf, so dass einerseits eine homogene, ringförmige Mantelfläche des Deckbandverbands erreicht wird, andererseits eine Verstimmung der Eigenfrequenzen benachbarter Schaufelanordnungen 120, 220.The second shrouds 20 of the second blade assemblies 220 are also arranged symmetrically in the circumferential and axial direction to the blades 200 and have in the circumferential direction a second extent T2, which is less than that Extension T1. In the axial and radial directions, however, the shrouds 10, 20 each have the same extension, so that on the one hand a homogeneous, annular lateral surface of the shroud is achieved, on the other hand, a detuning of the natural frequencies of adjacent blade assemblies 120, 220th

Fig. 2 zeigt in Fig. 1 entsprechender Darstellung eine Abwicklung eines Teils eines Laufgitters einer Turbine nach einer weiteren Ausführung der vorliegenden Erfindung. Mit der vorstehend beschriebenen Ausführung nach Fig. 1 übereinstimmende Elemente sind mit identischen Bezugszeichen bezeichnet, so dass nachfolgend nur auf die Unterschiede zu dieser Ausführung eingegangen wird. Fig. 2 shows in Fig. 1 corresponding representation of a development of a part of a running lattice of a turbine according to a further embodiment of the present invention. With the embodiment described above Fig. 1 Matching elements are denoted by identical reference numerals, so that below only the differences from this embodiment will be discussed.

Bei der Ausführung nach Fig. 2 weist jede Schaufelanordnung 120, 220 je zwei Laufschaufeln 100 und 110 bzw. 200 und 210 auf, die integral mit einer gemeinsamen Plattform ausgebildet und mit einem gemeinsamen Deckband 10 bzw. weiteren Deckband 20 verbunden sind. Auch hier weisen die Deckbänder 10, 20 in Umfangsrichtung unterschiedliche Erstreckungen T1, T2 auf.In the execution after Fig. 2 Each blade arrangement 120, 220 has two blades 100 and 110 or 200 and 210, which are formed integrally with a common platform and connected to a common shroud 10 or further shroud 20. Again, the shrouds 10, 20 in the circumferential direction different extents T1, T2.

Die Deckbänder 20 weisen zudem Aussparungen bzw. Taschen 21 auf, die das Gewicht und Trägheitsmoment der Schaufelanordnungen 220 weiter verändern und so deren Eigenfrequenzen verstimmen, während die Schaufelanordnungen 120 keine solchen Aussparungen aufweisen.The shrouds 20 also have recesses or pockets 21, which further change the weight and moment of inertia of the blade assemblies 220 and thus detune their natural frequencies, while the blade assemblies 120 have no such recesses.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1010
erstes Deckbandfirst shroud
2020
zweites (weiteres) Deckbandsecond (further) shroud
2121
Aussparung (Tasche)Recess (pocket)
100, 110100, 110
erste Laufschaufelnfirst blades
200, 210200, 210
zweite (weitere) Laufschaufelnsecond (further) blades
120120
erste Schaufelanordnung (Plattform)first blade arrangement (platform)
220220
zweite (weitere) Schaufelanordnung (Plattform)second (further) blade arrangement (platform)

Claims (9)

Schaufelgitter für eine Turbomaschine, insbesondere eine Gasturbine, mit einer Anzahl erster Schaufelanordnungen (120) mit je wenigstens einer ersten Schaufel (100; 100, 110) und einem ersten Deckband (10) mit einer ersten Erstreckung (T1) in Umfangs- und/oder Axialrichtung, gekennzeichnet durch wenigstens eine Anzahl weiterer Schaufelanordnungen (220) mit je wenigstens einer weiteren Schaufel (200; 200, 210) und einem weiteren Deckband (20) mit einer weiteren Erstreckung (T2) in derselben Richtung, die von dieser ersten Erstreckung verschieden ist.Blade grille for a turbomachine, in particular a gas turbine, with a number of first blade assemblies (120) each having at least one first blade (100, 100, 110) and a first shroud (10) having a first extent (T1) in circumferential and / or Axial direction, characterized by at least a number of further blade assemblies (220) each having at least one further blade (200; 200, 210) and a further shroud (20) with a further extension (T2) in the same direction, which is different from this first extension , Schaufelgitter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten Deckbänder eine erste Erstreckung in Radialrichtung aufweisen und die Deckbänder wenigstens einer weiteren Schaufelanordnung eine weitere Erstreckung in Radialrichtung aufweisen, die dieser ersten Erstreckung gleich oder von dieser ersten Erstreckung verschieden ist.Blade grate according to claim 1, characterized in that the first shrouds have a first extension in the radial direction and the shrouds of at least one further blade arrangement have a further extent in the radial direction, which is the same or different from this first extent of this first extension. Schaufelgitter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine weitere Erstreckung, um wenigstens 10%, insbesondere um wenigstens 15% und bevorzugt um wenigstens 20% größer oder kleiner ist als die erste und/oder eine andere weitere Erstreckung.Blade grate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a further extension, by at least 10%, in particular by at least 15% and preferably by at least 20% is greater or smaller than the first and / or another further extension. Schaufelgitter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Deckbänder wenigstens einer Schaufelanordnung zu den Schaufeln dieser Schaufelanordnung in Umfangs- und/oder Axialrichtung symmetrisch oder asymmetrisch sind.Blade grate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shrouds of at least one blade arrangement to the blades of this blade arrangement in the circumferential and / or axial direction are symmetrical or asymmetrical. Schaufelgitter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens zwei, insbesondere alle, Schaufelanordnungen dieselbe Anzahl von Schaufeln, insbesondere genau eine Schaufel, aufweisen.Blade grate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two, in particular all, blade arrangements have the same number of blades, in particular exactly one blade. Schaufelgitter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste und wenigstens eine weitere Schaufelanordnung zyklisch über den Umfang verteilt sind.Blade grate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and at least one further blade arrangement are distributed cyclically over the circumference. Schaufelgitter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Deckbänder benachbarter Schaufelanordnungen komplementäre, insbesondere nicht ebene, einander zugewandte Kontaktflächen aufweisen.Blade grate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that cover bands of adjacent blade arrangements have complementary, in particular non-planar, mutually facing contact surfaces. Schaufelgitter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Deckbänder (20) wenigstens einer Schaufelanordnung (220) wenigstens eine Aussparung (21) aufweisen und Deckbänder (10) wenigstens einer anderen Schaufelanordnung (120) keine Aussparung, eine andere Anzahl, Anordnung und/oder Form von Aussparungen aufweisen.Blade grate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that shrouds (20) of at least one blade arrangement (220) have at least one recess (21) and shrouds (10) of at least one other blade arrangement (120) have no recess, a different number, arrangement and / or form of recesses. Turbomaschine, insbesondere Gasturbine, mit wenigstens einem Lauf- und/oder Leitgitter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.Turbomachine, in particular gas turbine, with at least one running and / or guide grid according to one of the preceding claims.
EP11184254.8A 2011-10-07 2011-10-07 Shroud for a turbomachine blade Active EP2578801B1 (en)

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ES11184254T ES2869338T3 (en) 2011-10-07 2011-10-07 Reinforcing ring of a vane for a turbomachinery
US13/644,854 US9441490B2 (en) 2011-10-07 2012-10-04 Blade row for a turbomachine

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US20130089424A1 (en) 2013-04-11
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US9441490B2 (en) 2016-09-13

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