EP2577685A2 - Composite insulator - Google Patents

Composite insulator

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Publication number
EP2577685A2
EP2577685A2 EP11725620.6A EP11725620A EP2577685A2 EP 2577685 A2 EP2577685 A2 EP 2577685A2 EP 11725620 A EP11725620 A EP 11725620A EP 2577685 A2 EP2577685 A2 EP 2577685A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
field
protective layer
composite insulator
particles
screens
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11725620.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2577685B1 (en
Inventor
Volker Hinrichsen
Jens Seifert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LIW Composite GmbH
Original Assignee
Lapp Insulator GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lapp Insulator GmbH filed Critical Lapp Insulator GmbH
Priority to PL11725620T priority Critical patent/PL2577685T3/en
Publication of EP2577685A2 publication Critical patent/EP2577685A2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2577685B1 publication Critical patent/EP2577685B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/32—Single insulators consisting of two or more dissimilar insulating bodies
    • H01B17/325—Single insulators consisting of two or more dissimilar insulating bodies comprising a fibre-reinforced insulating core member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/42—Means for obtaining improved distribution of voltage; Protection against arc discharges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/294—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core including metal or compound thereof [excluding glass, ceramic and asbestos]
    • Y10T428/2958—Metal or metal compound in coating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite insulator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a composite insulator comprises for receiving a load core or Strunk, which is made in particular of a fiber-reinforced thermoset such as an epoxy resin or a vinyl ester.
  • the core is surrounded by a protective layer, which is produced in particular from an electrically insulating elastomer such as a silicone rubber.
  • a major problem of high-voltage insulators is the extreme unequal distribution of the voltage curve along their length. Reason for this are stray capacitances of the insulator to earth. Another problem is local discharges on contaminated insulators, which arise, for example, by field increases in local drying.
  • CONFIRMATION COPY For example, electrons act resistively, capacitively, or are semiconductive, and contribute to reducing voltage jumps along the insulator by a non-linear relationship of a corresponding electrical magnitude to voltage.
  • micro varistors of ZnO are called, which show above a threshold voltage, an abrupt reduction in electrical resistance.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a composite insulator of the type mentioned, which is further improved in terms of avoiding local discharges.
  • the invention is based on the consideration of selectively placing the particles influencing the field along the insulator in sections on the insulator in such a way that discharges occurring during the service life under the expected external conditions, which can lead to destruction of the insulating protective layer, are avoided as far as possible .
  • investigations were carried out on designed for a voltage of 420 kV long-rod composite insulators.
  • the long-rod composite insulators used had a creepage distance of 3.91 m in a number of 10 screens. The low number of screens was deliberately chosen in order to achieve a greater tendency of the insulators to breakdown in the experiment.
  • the insulators were artificially irrigated according to the IEC 60060-1 standard at an angle of 45 ° C.
  • the tests were carried out under AC voltage.
  • the applied voltage was gradually increased. Resulting partial discharges were visually observed.
  • a voltage of 600 kV for a conventionally manufactured long-rod composite insulator whose protective layer no field-influencing particles on indicates observed significant discharges on the underside of the high-voltage end of the insulator facing screens.
  • the invention proceeds from the model concept that forms a conductive coating by the irrigation of the insulators on the top of the umbrellas and along the shaft.
  • a high voltage drop across the dry underside of the screens occurs over a conventional insulator. If the resulting local field overshoot exceeds the dielectric strength of the surrounding atmosphere, local discharges will occur at the bottom of the screens.
  • the invention therefore provides in a preferred embodiment that the field-influencing particles are provided in the region of the aforementioned drying zones of the insulator, in particular on the underside of screens.
  • the field-influencing particles are applied separately in sections, vulcanized, applied with the protective layer, molded, poured or poured.
  • the field-influencing particles are expediently added to a suitable insulating material, in particular the material of the protective layer. Subsequently, this material of the existing protective layer is cast, glued or vulcanized.
  • the field-influencing particles can be added in sections during the production of the insulator of the protective layer. Alternatively, the material added with the field-influencing particles can also be encapsulated by the protective layer during the final formation of the insulator.
  • the protective layer and also the material influencing the field-influencing particles is preferably a silicone rubber, an ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPDM), an ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA) or an epoxy resin. Section by section accordingly with a field-influencing particles added silicone rubber, EPDM, EVA or epoxy resin is applied.
  • Resistive or capacitive particles or semiconductor particles are preferably used as field-influencing particles.
  • Particularly preferred are microvaristors doped zinc oxide (ZnO).
  • ZnO microvaristors exhibit a nonlinear current-voltage characteristic. Up to a threshold voltage, zinc oxide can be considered as a high-resistance resistor and has an extremely flat current-voltage characteristic. Above the threshold voltage, the resistance decreases abruptly, the current-voltage curve abruptly changes its steepness.
  • the composite insulator comprises a number of shields from the protective layer for lengthening the creepage distance
  • the field-influencing particles are covered by the shields or arranged on the shields.
  • the field-influencing particles are added to the protective layer of the screens or arranged on the screens, the undesired discharges occurring there are avoided.
  • the number of parts of the screens provided with field-influencing particles is at the live end. Accordingly, starting from the live end of the composite insulator, first of all, a part number of the screens with field-influencing particles is used. see.
  • the adjoining screens are conventionally made without field-influencing particles.
  • first part of the number of umbrellas may be provided with field-influencing particles, then a part number of umbrellas be made conventionally and repeat this arrangement over the length of the composite insulator.
  • the screens as such need not be provided as a whole with the field-influencing particles. To reduce the voltage drop across the drying zone on the underside of the screens, it is sufficient to provide only the underside of the screens with field-influencing particles. This is sufficient to reduce the high voltage jumps between the ends of the screens and the core or the shaft of the insulator.
  • the field-influencing particles are comprised of a separate pane, in particular of the material of the protective layer or of another insulating material.
  • the separate disc is vulcanized or glued to the bottom of the umbrellas provided for this purpose.
  • the separately manufactured, the field-influencing particles containing disc can be cast during manufacture in the screens.
  • the protective layer is preferably applied as such with field-influencing particles on the underside of the proposed screens.
  • the material of the protective layer is mixed with the field-influencing particles.
  • the staggered material is sprayed on the underside of the screens, cast or vulcanized.
  • the shields of the composite insulator are offset on the bottom with ribs, which lead to a further Kriechwegverinrung.
  • the separate disk or the protective layer offset with the field-influencing particles is preferably arranged on these ribs as described above. Due to the enlarged by the ribs surface improved connection between the umbrellas and the separate disc or the subsequently applied, with field-influencing particles offset protective layer is achieved.
  • the screens and / or the core are surrounded by an outer protective layer, which is free of field-influencing particles.
  • an outer protective layer may optionally refer to the specific external weather conditions to which the composite insulator is exposed during use by separate matehal choice.
  • 1 a long-rod composite insulator according to a first embodiment variant
  • 2 shows a long-rod composite insulator according to a second embodiment
  • FIG. 3 shows a section of a long-rod composite insulator, wherein the screens are provided on the underside with a pane-influencing particles containing disc,
  • Fig. 4 a section of a long-rod composite insulator, wherein the
  • Umbrellas are provided on the underside with a protective layer which comprises field-influencing particles,
  • FIG. 5 shows a section of a long-rod composite insulator whose core is provided with respect to the composite insulator of Figure 4 additionally with a protective layer comprising field-influencing particles, and
  • Fig. 6 a long-rod composite insulator according to Figure 5, wherein the screens including the field-influencing particles offset protective layer are coated by an outer protective layer.
  • a long-rod composite insulator 1 which comprises a core 2 made of a glass fiber reinforced plastic, on the extension of the creepage distance over the length distributed ten umbrellas 4 is arranged.
  • the connection fittings 5, 6 are attached.
  • the connection fitting 6 is provided for contacting with a high voltage HV, and thus has the live end of the insulator 1 from.
  • the illustrated long-rod composite insulator 1 with a total of ten shades 4 is designed to insulate a voltage of approximately 400 kV.
  • the core 2 is continuously coated with a protective layer 8 made of a silicone rubber.
  • the umbrellas 4 are attached.
  • the umbrellas 4 are made of silicone rubber.
  • the protective layer 8 of the core 2 over the entire Length of the composite insulator 1 with field-influencing particles 7 offset.
  • the field-influencing particles 7 are microvaristors of doped ZnO.
  • a long-rod composite insulator 1 according to FIG. 1 exhibits a significantly reduced tendency to discharge on the underside of the shields 4 compared with a conventional long-rod composite insulator without field-influencing particles. This is because the ZnO microvaristors become conductive at high voltages, so that the voltage jumps from the wetted top of the shields 4 to the underlying portion of the core 2 are significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 2 shows a long-rod composite insulator 1 similar in construction to FIG. 1 in principle. This differs in that now the
  • Protective layer 8 along the core 2 is not provided with field-influencing particles 7. Rather, only the five adjacent to the live end of the composite insulator five shields 4 are made of a protective layer 8, which is offset with field-influencing particles.
  • This composite insulator 1 according to FIG. 2 also shows in a sprinkling test a significantly reduced flashover tendency on the underside of the screens 4 compared to a conventional long-rod composite insulator without field-influencing particles 7.
  • FIG. 3 shows a partial section of a long-rod composite insulator 1 corresponding to FIGS. 1 or 2.
  • two screens 4 are shown in the vicinity of the live end, ie in the vicinity of the fitting 6.
  • the long-rod composite insulator 1 according to FIG. 3 comprises the core 2 made of a glass-fiber-reinforced plastic. On the core 2 is a protective layer. 8 made of silicone rubber. On this protective layer 8, the umbrellas 4 are mounted.
  • a separate pane 10 of prefabricated EPM is attached to the field influence or to reduce high voltage jumps containing field-influencing particles 7.
  • the separate disc 10 is vulcanized according to the upper screen 4 at the bottom.
  • the separate, the field-influencing particles containing disc 10 is poured into the material of the screen 4, as can be seen on the lower screen 4.
  • the shields 4 of another variant of the long-rod composite insulator 1 on the underside comprise a number of circumferential ribs 12. These ribs 12 have a protective layer 8 'which contains the field-influencing particles 7.
  • the long-rod composite insulator 1 has at least in sections a further surrounding protective layer 8 'on the core 2, which protective layer is in turn offset by field-influencing particles.
  • the protective layer 8 'attached to the underside of the screens 4 is cast into the shields 4 with field-influencing particles.
  • the long-rod composite insulator 1 shown in FIG. 6 is enveloped by an outer protective layer 13 of silicone rubber which does not comprise any field-influencing particles 7.

Abstract

Disclosed is a composite insulator (1) comprising a core (2), in particular made of a fiber-reinforced duromer, and a protective layer (8) which surrounds said core (2) and is made in particular of an insulating elastomer. In some sections, especially on the bottom side of screens (4), the protective layer (8) specifically comprises particles (7) that influence the field of the insulator (1)

Description

Beschreibung Verbundisolator  Description composite insulator
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Verbundisolator gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1. Ein derartiger Verbund isolator umfasst zur Lastaufnahme einen Kern oder Strunk, der insbesondere aus einem faserverstärkten Duromer wie einem Epoxidharz oder einem Vinyl-Esther gefertigt ist. Zur Bereitstellung der gewünschten Isoliereigenschaften sowie zum Schutz vor äußeren, insbesondere witterungsbedingten Einflüssen ist der Kern von einer Schutzschicht umgeben, die insbesondere aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Elastomer wie einem Silikonkautschuk hergestellt ist. The invention relates to a composite insulator according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a composite insulator comprises for receiving a load core or Strunk, which is made in particular of a fiber-reinforced thermoset such as an epoxy resin or a vinyl ester. In order to provide the desired insulating properties and to protect against external, in particular weather-related influences, the core is surrounded by a protective layer, which is produced in particular from an electrically insulating elastomer such as a silicone rubber.
Grundsätzlich ist bei der Isolierung von elektrischen Hochspannungen die Vermeidung von partiellen Entladungen eine Notwendigkeit. Derartige, z.B. aus lokalen Feldüberhöhungen resultierende Entladungen führen insbesondere bei Verbundisolatoren zu Schäden in der Schutzschicht, wodurch die Standzeit verringert ist. Bei Verbundisolatoren sind dementsprechend Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung von lokalen Feldüberhöhungen von großer Bedeutung. Als eine geeignete Maßnahme für Hochspannungsisolatoren sind beispielsweise Abschirmelektroden bekannt, die an den spannungsführenden Armaturen angebracht sind und dort helfen, Feldüberhöhungen an den Armaturenden zu vermeiden. Basically, in the isolation of electrical high voltages, the avoidance of partial discharges is a necessity. Such, e.g. Discharges resulting from local field elevations lead to damage in the protective layer, in particular in the case of composite insulators, as a result of which the service life is reduced. Accordingly, in composite insulators, measures to avoid local field elevations are of great importance. As a suitable measure for high voltage insulators shielding electrodes are known, for example, which are attached to the live fittings and there help to avoid field overshoots on the fitting ends.
Ein großes Problem von Hochspannungsisolatoren ist dazu die extreme Ungleichverteilung des Spannungsverlaufs entlang ihrer Länge. Grund hierfür sind Streukapazitäten des Isolators zur Erde. Ein weiteres Problem sind lokale Entladungen auf verschmutzten Isolatoren, die beispielsweise durch Feldüberhöhungen bei lokaler Abtrocknung entstehen. A major problem of high-voltage insulators is the extreme unequal distribution of the voltage curve along their length. Reason for this are stray capacitances of the insulator to earth. Another problem is local discharges on contaminated insulators, which arise, for example, by field increases in local drying.
Aus der WO 2009/100904 A1 ist es zur Vermeidung von lokalen Feldüberhöhungen bekannt, einen Verbundisolator zumindest abschnittsweise mit einer Feldsteuerschicht zu versehen, die feldbeeinflussende Partikel umfasst. Solche Parti- From WO 2009/100904 A1, in order to avoid local field elevations, it is known to provide a composite insulator, at least in sections, with a field control layer comprising field-influencing particles. Such partici-
BESTÄTIGUNGSKOPIE kel wirken beispielsweise resistiv, kapazitiv oder sind halbleitend, und tragen durch einen nichtlinearen Zusammenhang einer entsprechenden elektrischen Größe gegenüber der Spannung zur Verringerung von Spannungssprüngen entlang des Isolators bei. Insbesondere sind Mikrovaristoren aus ZnO genannt, die oberhalb einer Schwellspannung eine abrupte Verringerung des elektrischen Widerstands zeigen. CONFIRMATION COPY For example, electrons act resistively, capacitively, or are semiconductive, and contribute to reducing voltage jumps along the insulator by a non-linear relationship of a corresponding electrical magnitude to voltage. In particular, micro varistors of ZnO are called, which show above a threshold voltage, an abrupt reduction in electrical resistance.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen Verbundisolator der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, der hinsichtlich der Vermeidung lokaler Entladungen weiter verbessert ist. The object of the invention is to provide a composite insulator of the type mentioned, which is further improved in terms of avoiding local discharges.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch einen Verbundisolator der eingangs genannten Art gelöst, wobei die Schutzschicht gezielt abschnittsweise das Feld des Isolators beeinflussende Partikel umfasst. This object is achieved by a composite insulator of the type mentioned above, wherein the protective layer selectively includes portions of the field of the insulator influencing particles.
Die Erfindung geht dabei von der Überlegung aus, die das Feld entlang des Isolators beeinflussenden Partikel abschnittsweise am Isolator gezielt so zu platzieren, dass während der Standzeit unter den zu erwartenden äußeren Bedingungen auftretende Entladungen, die zu Zerstörungen der isolierenden Schutzschicht führen können, möglichst vermieden sind. Dazu wurden Untersuchungen an für eine Spannung von 420 kV konzipierten Langstab-Verbund isolatoren durchgeführt. Die verwendeten Langstab- Verbundisolatoren wiesen bei einer Anzahl von 10 Schirmen eine Kriechstrecke mit einer Länge von 3,91 m auf. Die niedrige Anzahl der Schirme wurde bewußt gewählt, um im Versuch eine stärkere Durchschlagsneigung der Isolatoren zu erzielen. The invention is based on the consideration of selectively placing the particles influencing the field along the insulator in sections on the insulator in such a way that discharges occurring during the service life under the expected external conditions, which can lead to destruction of the insulating protective layer, are avoided as far as possible , For this purpose, investigations were carried out on designed for a voltage of 420 kV long-rod composite insulators. The long-rod composite insulators used had a creepage distance of 3.91 m in a number of 10 screens. The low number of screens was deliberately chosen in order to achieve a greater tendency of the insulators to breakdown in the experiment.
In einem Hochspannungslabor wurden die Isolatoren gemäß dem Standard IEC 60060-1 unter einem Winkel von 45 °C künstlich beregnet. Die Tests wurden unter Wechselspannung durchgeführt. Der künstliche Regen wies eine Leitfähigkeit von K = +/-100 pS/cm auf. Die angelegte Spannung wurde stufenweise erhöht. Resultierende partielle Entladungen wurden visuell beobachtet. Als Ergebnis wurden bei einer Spannung von 600 kV für einen herkömmlich gefertigten Langstab- Verbundisolator, dessen Schutzschicht keine feldbeeinflussenden Partikel auf- weist, deutliche Entladungen an der Unterseite der dem Hochspannungsende des Isolators zugewandten Schirme beobachtet. In a high-voltage laboratory, the insulators were artificially irrigated according to the IEC 60060-1 standard at an angle of 45 ° C. The tests were carried out under AC voltage. The artificial rain had a conductivity of K = +/- 100 pS / cm. The applied voltage was gradually increased. Resulting partial discharges were visually observed. As a result, at a voltage of 600 kV for a conventionally manufactured long-rod composite insulator whose protective layer no field-influencing particles on indicates, observed significant discharges on the underside of the high-voltage end of the insulator facing screens.
Ausgehend von dieser Erkenntnis geht die Erfindung von der Modellvorstellung aus, dass sich durch die Beregnung der Isolatoren auf der Oberseite der Schirme und entlang des Schafts ein leitfähiger Überzug bildet. Als Folge entsteht über einem konventionellen Isolator ein hoher Spannungsabfall über die trockene Unterseite der Schirme. Wird durch die resultierende lokale Feldüberhöhung die Durchschlagsfestigkeit der umgebenden Atmosphäre überschritten, kommt es zu lokalen Entladungen an der Unterseite der Schirme. Based on this knowledge, the invention proceeds from the model concept that forms a conductive coating by the irrigation of the insulators on the top of the umbrellas and along the shaft. As a result, a high voltage drop across the dry underside of the screens occurs over a conventional insulator. If the resulting local field overshoot exceeds the dielectric strength of the surrounding atmosphere, local discharges will occur at the bottom of the screens.
Die Erfindung sieht daher in einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung vor, dass die feldbeeinflussenden Partikel im Bereich der vorgenannten Trockenzonen des Isolators, insbesondere an den Unterseiten von Schirmen, vorgesehen sind. Dazu sind die feld beeinflussenden Partikel abschnittsweise separat aufgebracht, anvulkanisiert, mit der Schutzschicht aufgetragen, angespritzt, an- oder eingegossen. Dazu werden die feldbeeinflussenden Partikel zweckmäßigerweise einem geeigneten Isolationsmaterial, insbesondere dem Material der Schutzschicht, zugesetzt. Anschließend wird dieses Material der vorhandenen Schutzschicht angegossen, angeklebt oder anvulkanisiert. Auch können die feldbeeinflussenden Partikel bei der Herstellung des Isolators der Schutzschicht abschnittsweise beigemengt werden. Alternativ kann das mit den feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln versetzte Material bei der endgültigen Ausformung des Isolators auch von der Schutzschicht umgössen werden. The invention therefore provides in a preferred embodiment that the field-influencing particles are provided in the region of the aforementioned drying zones of the insulator, in particular on the underside of screens. For this purpose, the field-influencing particles are applied separately in sections, vulcanized, applied with the protective layer, molded, poured or poured. For this purpose, the field-influencing particles are expediently added to a suitable insulating material, in particular the material of the protective layer. Subsequently, this material of the existing protective layer is cast, glued or vulcanized. Also, the field-influencing particles can be added in sections during the production of the insulator of the protective layer. Alternatively, the material added with the field-influencing particles can also be encapsulated by the protective layer during the final formation of the insulator.
Die Schutzschicht und auch das mit den feld beeinflussenden Partikeln versetzte Material ist bevorzugt ein Silikonkautschuk, ein Etylen-Propylen-Copolymer (EPDM), ein Ethylen-Vinyl-Acetat (EVA) oder ein Epoxidharz. Abschnittsweise ist dementsprechend ein mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln versetztes Silikonkautschuk, EPDM, EVA oder Epoxidharz aufgebracht. The protective layer and also the material influencing the field-influencing particles is preferably a silicone rubber, an ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPDM), an ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA) or an epoxy resin. Section by section accordingly with a field-influencing particles added silicone rubber, EPDM, EVA or epoxy resin is applied.
Als feldbeeinflussende Partikel sind bevorzugt resistive oder kapazitive Partikel oder Halbleiterpartikel eingesetzt. Besonders bevorzugt sind Mikrovaristoren aus dotiertem Zinkoxid (ZnO). Mikrovaristoren aus ZnO zeigen eine nichtlineare Strom-Spannungs-Kennlinie. Bis zu einer Schwellspannung kann Zinkoxid als ein hochohmiger Widerstand betrachtet werden und weist eine extrem flache Strom- Spannungs-Kennlinie auf. Oberhalb der Schwellspannung nimmt der Widerstand abrupt ab, die Strom-Spannungs-Kennlinie ändert schlagartig ihre Steilheit. Resistive or capacitive particles or semiconductor particles are preferably used as field-influencing particles. Particularly preferred are microvaristors doped zinc oxide (ZnO). ZnO microvaristors exhibit a nonlinear current-voltage characteristic. Up to a threshold voltage, zinc oxide can be considered as a high-resistance resistor and has an extremely flat current-voltage characteristic. Above the threshold voltage, the resistance decreases abruptly, the current-voltage curve abruptly changes its steepness.
Werden derartige feldbeeinflussende Partikel und insbesondere Mikrovaristoren, also spannungsabhängige Widerstände, abschnittsweise dem Isolator bzw. mit der Schutzschicht aufgebracht, so reduziert sich durch die oberhalb der Schwellspannung abrupt erhöhte Leitfähigkeit eine lokale Spannung- bzw. Feldüberhöhung, so dass die unerwünschten und zu Zerstörungen führenden lokalen Entladungen verhindert sind. If such field-influencing particles and in particular micro varistors, so voltage-dependent resistors, partially applied to the insulator or with the protective layer, so reduced by the above the threshold voltage abruptly increased conductivity local voltage or field peak, so that the unwanted and destructive local Discharges are prevented.
Umfasst der Verbundisolator zur Verlängerung der Kriechstrecke eine Anzahl von Schirmen aus der Schutzschicht, so sind in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante die feldbeeinflussenden Partikel von den Schirmen umfasst bzw. an den Schirmen angeordnet. Bei einem stehendem Einsatz des Verbundisolators liegen die mit hohen Spannungssprüngen verbundenen Trockenzonen auf der Unterseite der Schirme. Sind die feld beeinflussenden Partikel der Schutzschicht der Schirme zugesetzt bzw. an den Schirmen angeordnet, so sind die dort unerwünscht auftretenden Entladungen vermieden. Bei dieser Ausgestaltungsvariante hat es sich gezeigt, dass nicht alle Schirme die feldbeeinflussenden Partikel umfassen müssen. Vielmehr ist es vorteilhaft, wenn lediglich eine Teilanzahl der Schirme mit den feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln versehen ist. Dies ist abhängig von dem Spannungsverlauf über die Länge des Verbundisolators. Dabei sind, wie Untersuchungen gezeigt haben, offensichtlich die höchsten Spannungssprünge an den Schirmen zu erwarten, die am spannungsführenden Ende angeordnet sind. If the composite insulator comprises a number of shields from the protective layer for lengthening the creepage distance, in a preferred embodiment the field-influencing particles are covered by the shields or arranged on the shields. In a standing use of the composite insulator associated with high voltage jumps drying zones are on the underside of the umbrellas. If the field-influencing particles are added to the protective layer of the screens or arranged on the screens, the undesired discharges occurring there are avoided. In this embodiment variant, it has been shown that not all screens need to comprise the field-influencing particles. Rather, it is advantageous if only a part number of the screens is provided with the field-influencing particles. This depends on the voltage curve over the length of the composite insulator. As studies have shown, the highest voltage jumps on the screens, which are arranged at the live end, are to be expected.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung befindet sich insofern die Teilanzahl der mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln versehenen Schirme am spannungsführenden Ende. Demnach sind ausgehend vom spannungsführenden Ende des Verbundisolators zunächst eine Teilanzahl der Schirme mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln ver- sehen. Die sich anschließenden Schirme sind herkömmlich ohne feldbeeinflussende Partikel gefertigt. In a preferred embodiment, the number of parts of the screens provided with field-influencing particles is at the live end. Accordingly, starting from the live end of the composite insulator, first of all, a part number of the screens with field-influencing particles is used. see. The adjoining screens are conventionally made without field-influencing particles.
Alternativ kann ausgehend vom spannungsführenden Ende des Verbund isolators zunächst eine Teilanzahl der Schirme mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln versehen sein, anschließend eine Teilanzahl von Schirmen herkömmlich gefertigt sein und sich diese Anordnung über die Länge des Verbund isolators wiederholen. Alternatively, starting from the live end of the composite insulator first part of the number of umbrellas may be provided with field-influencing particles, then a part number of umbrellas be made conventionally and repeat this arrangement over the length of the composite insulator.
Weiter hat es sich gezeigt, dass die Schirme als solche nicht im Ganzen mit den feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln versehen sein müssen. Zur Verringerung des Spannungsabfalls über die Trockenzone an der Unterseite der Schirme genügt es vielmehr, lediglich die Unterseite der Schirme mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln zu versehen. Dies reicht aus, um die hohen Spannungssprünge zwischen den Enden der Schirme und dem Kern bzw. dem Schaft des Isolators zu verringern. It has also been shown that the screens as such need not be provided as a whole with the field-influencing particles. To reduce the voltage drop across the drying zone on the underside of the screens, it is sufficient to provide only the underside of the screens with field-influencing particles. This is sufficient to reduce the high voltage jumps between the ends of the screens and the core or the shaft of the insulator.
In einer ersten diesbezüglichen Ausgestaltungsvariante sind die feldbeeinflussenden Partikel von einer separaten Scheibe, insbesondere aus dem Material der Schutzschicht oder aus einem anderen isolierenden Material, umfasst. Nach herkömmlicher und an sich bekannter Fertigung der Schirme durch Umspritzen, Gießen, Aufkleben, Aufschrumpfen oder Anvulkanisieren wird die separate Scheibe der Unterseite der hierfür vorgesehenen Schirme anvulkanisiert oder aufgeklebt. Alternativ kann die separat gefertigte, die feldbeeinflussenden Partikel enthaltende Scheibe bei der Fertigung in die Schirme eingegossen werden. Schließlich ist es auch möglich, die an der Unterseite mit der separaten Scheibe versehenen Schirme in einem abschließenden Fertigungsprozess von der Schutzschicht insbesondere durch Umspritzen oder Umgießen einzuhüllen. In a first variant of this embodiment, the field-influencing particles are comprised of a separate pane, in particular of the material of the protective layer or of another insulating material. After conventional and known per se manufacture of the umbrellas by molding, casting, gluing, shrinking or scorching the separate disc is vulcanized or glued to the bottom of the umbrellas provided for this purpose. Alternatively, the separately manufactured, the field-influencing particles containing disc can be cast during manufacture in the screens. Finally, it is also possible to envelop the screens provided on the underside with the separate pane in a final production process of the protective layer, in particular by encapsulation or encapsulation.
Gemäß einer anderen auch kombinierbaren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist bevorzugt auf der Unterseite der vorgesehenen Schirme die Schutzschicht als solche mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln aufgebracht. Hierzu wird das Material der Schutzschicht mit den feld beeinflussenden Partikeln versetzt. Anschließend wird das versetzte Material den Schirmen auf der Unterseite angespritzt, angegossen oder anvulkanisiert. In einer weiter bevorzugten Ausgestaltung sind die Schirme des Verbundisolators auf der Unterseite mit Rippen versetzt, die zu einer weiteren Kriechwegverlängerung führen. Bevorzugt ist die separate Scheibe oder die mit den feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln versetzte Schutzschicht an diesen Rippen wie vorbeschrieben angeordnet. Aufgrund der durch die Rippen vergrößerten Oberfläche wird eine verbesserte Anbindung zwischen den Schirmen und der separaten Scheibe oder der nachträglich aufgebrachten, mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln versetzten Schutzschicht erreicht. According to another combinable embodiment of the invention, the protective layer is preferably applied as such with field-influencing particles on the underside of the proposed screens. For this purpose, the material of the protective layer is mixed with the field-influencing particles. Subsequently, the staggered material is sprayed on the underside of the screens, cast or vulcanized. In a further preferred embodiment, the shields of the composite insulator are offset on the bottom with ribs, which lead to a further Kriechwegverlängerung. The separate disk or the protective layer offset with the field-influencing particles is preferably arranged on these ribs as described above. Due to the enlarged by the ribs surface improved connection between the umbrellas and the separate disc or the subsequently applied, with field-influencing particles offset protective layer is achieved.
Weiter hat es sich gezeigt, dass, insbesondere in Kombination mit auf der Unterseite mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln versehenen Schirmen, eine weitere Verbesserung des Verbund isolators hinsichtlich der Vermeidung von lokalen Entladungen erzeitl wird, wenn die Schutzschicht zumindest abschnittsweise entlang des Kerns mit den feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln versehen ist. Insbesondere ist der Kern für einen Teilabschnitt in der Nähe des spannungsführenden Endes des Verbundisolators mit der Schutzschicht versehen, die die feldbeeinflussenden Partikel umfasst. It has also been shown that, especially in combination with screens provided with field-influencing particles on the underside, a further improvement of the composite insulator with respect to the prevention of local discharges erzeitl when the protective layer is at least partially along the core provided with the field-influencing particles , In particular, the core for a partial section in the vicinity of the live end of the composite insulator is provided with the protective layer comprising the field-influencing particles.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung des Verbund isolators sind die Schirme und / oder der Kern von einer äußeren Schutzschicht umgeben, die frei von feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln ist. Durch eine derartige äußere Schutzschicht kann gegebenenfalls durch separate Matehaiwahl Bezug auf die spezifischen äußeren Witterungsbedingungen genommen werden, denen der Verbundisolators während seines Einsatzes ausgesetzt ist. In a further preferred embodiment of the composite insulator, the screens and / or the core are surrounded by an outer protective layer, which is free of field-influencing particles. Such an outer protective layer may optionally refer to the specific external weather conditions to which the composite insulator is exposed during use by separate matehal choice.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden an Hand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigen: Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. Showing:
Fig. 1 : einen Langstab-Verbundisolator gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsvariante, Fig. 2: einen Langstab-Verbundisolator gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante, 1: a long-rod composite insulator according to a first embodiment variant, 2 shows a long-rod composite insulator according to a second embodiment,
Fig. 3: einen Ausschnitt eines Langstab-Verbundisolators, wobei die Schirme auf der Unterseite mit einer feldbeeinflussende Partikel enthaltenden Scheibe versehen sind,  3 shows a section of a long-rod composite insulator, wherein the screens are provided on the underside with a pane-influencing particles containing disc,
Fig. 4: einen Ausschnitt aus einem Langstab-Verbundisolator, wobei die Fig. 4: a section of a long-rod composite insulator, wherein the
Schirme auf der Unterseite mit einer Schutzschicht versehen sind, die feldbeeinflussende Partikel umfasst,  Umbrellas are provided on the underside with a protective layer which comprises field-influencing particles,
Fig. 5: einen Ausschnitt aus einem Langstab-Verbundisolator, dessen Kern gegenüber dem Verbund isolator nach Figur 4 zusätzlich mit einer Schutzschicht versehen ist, die feldbeeinflussende Partikel umfasst, und 5 shows a section of a long-rod composite insulator whose core is provided with respect to the composite insulator of Figure 4 additionally with a protective layer comprising field-influencing particles, and
Fig. 6: einen Langstab- Verbund isolator gemäß Figur 5, wobei die Schirme einschließlich der mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln versetzten Schutzschicht von einer äußeren Schutzschicht umhüllt sind.  Fig. 6: a long-rod composite insulator according to Figure 5, wherein the screens including the field-influencing particles offset protective layer are coated by an outer protective layer.
In Figur 1 ist ein Langstab-Verbundisolator 1 dargestellt, der einen Kern 2 aus einem glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoff umfasst, auf dem zur Verlängerung der Kriechstrecke über die Länge verteilt zehn Schirme 4 angeordnet ist. An den Enden des Kerns 2 sind die Anschlussarmaturen 5, 6 befestigt. Die Anschlussarmatur 6 ist zur Kontaktierung mit einer Hochspannung HV vorgesehen, und weist insofern das spannungsführende Ende des Isolators 1 aus. In Figure 1, a long-rod composite insulator 1 is shown, which comprises a core 2 made of a glass fiber reinforced plastic, on the extension of the creepage distance over the length distributed ten umbrellas 4 is arranged. At the ends of the core 2, the connection fittings 5, 6 are attached. The connection fitting 6 is provided for contacting with a high voltage HV, and thus has the live end of the insulator 1 from.
Der dargestellte Langstab-Verbundisolator 1 mit insgesamt zehn Schirmen 4 ist zur Isolierung einer Spannung von etwa 400 kV ausgelegt. Der Kern 2 ist durchgängig mit einer Schutzschicht 8 aus einem Silikon-Kautschuk umhüllt. Auf dieser Hülle des Kerns 2 sind die Schirme 4 befestigt. Auch die Schirme 4 sind aus Silikon-Kautschuk gefertigt. The illustrated long-rod composite insulator 1 with a total of ten shades 4 is designed to insulate a voltage of approximately 400 kV. The core 2 is continuously coated with a protective layer 8 made of a silicone rubber. On this shell of the core 2, the umbrellas 4 are attached. The umbrellas 4 are made of silicone rubber.
Zur Vermeidung von lokalen Entladungen durch Feldüberhöhungen bzw. durch große Spannungssprünge ist die Schutzschicht 8 des Kerns 2 über die gesamte Länge des Verbund isolators 1 mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln 7 versetzt. Die feld beeinflussenden Partikel 7 sind Mikrovaristoren aus dotiertem ZnO. Weiter sind am spannungsführenden Ende des Verbundisolators 1 , also sich der Armatur 6 anschließend, fünf der insgesamt zehn Schirme 4 aus mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln 7 versetztem Silikon-Kautschuk gefertigt. In order to avoid local discharges by field peaks or by large voltage jumps, the protective layer 8 of the core 2 over the entire Length of the composite insulator 1 with field-influencing particles 7 offset. The field-influencing particles 7 are microvaristors of doped ZnO. Next are at the live end of the composite insulator 1, so the fitting 6, five of the total of ten umbrellas 4 made of field-influencing particles 7 offset silicone rubber.
In einem Beregnungsversuch zeigt ein Langstab-Verbundisolator 1 entsprechend Figur 1 gegenüber einem konventionellen Langstab-Verbundisolator ohne feldbeeinflussende Partikel eine deutlich verringerte Entladungsneigung an der Unterseite der Schirme 4 auf. Dies liegt darin begründet, dass die Mikrovaristoren aus ZnO bei hohen Spannungen leitfähig werden, so dass die Spannungssprünge von der benetzten Oberseite der Schirme 4 zu dem darunter liegenden Abschnitt des Kerns 2 deutlich verringert werden. In a sprinkling test, a long-rod composite insulator 1 according to FIG. 1 exhibits a significantly reduced tendency to discharge on the underside of the shields 4 compared with a conventional long-rod composite insulator without field-influencing particles. This is because the ZnO microvaristors become conductive at high voltages, so that the voltage jumps from the wetted top of the shields 4 to the underlying portion of the core 2 are significantly reduced.
In Figur 2 ist ein im Aufbau grundsätzlich zu Figur 1 ähnlicher Langstab-Verbundisolator 1 dargestellt. Dieser unterscheidet sich dadurch, dass nunmehr die FIG. 2 shows a long-rod composite insulator 1 similar in construction to FIG. 1 in principle. This differs in that now the
Schutzschicht 8 entlang des Kerns 2 nicht mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln 7 versehen ist. Vielmehr sind lediglich die dem spannungsführenden Ende des Verbundisolators 1 benachbarten fünf Schirme 4 aus einer Schutzschicht 8 gefertigt, die mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln versetzt ist. Protective layer 8 along the core 2 is not provided with field-influencing particles 7. Rather, only the five adjacent to the live end of the composite insulator five shields 4 are made of a protective layer 8, which is offset with field-influencing particles.
Auch dieser Verbund-Isolator 1 gemäß Figur 2 zeigt in einem Beregnungsversuch eine deutlich verringerte Überschlagsneigung an der Unterseite der Schirme 4 gegenüber einem herkömmlichen Langstab-Verbundisolator ohne feldbeeinflussende Partikel 7. This composite insulator 1 according to FIG. 2 also shows in a sprinkling test a significantly reduced flashover tendency on the underside of the screens 4 compared to a conventional long-rod composite insulator without field-influencing particles 7.
In Figur 3 ist ein Teilausschnitt eines Langstab-Verbundisolators 1 entsprechend den Figuren 1 oder 2 dargestellt. Dabei sind zwei Schirme 4 in der Nähe des spannungsführenden Endes, also in der Nähe der Armatur 6 gezeigt. FIG. 3 shows a partial section of a long-rod composite insulator 1 corresponding to FIGS. 1 or 2. In this case, two screens 4 are shown in the vicinity of the live end, ie in the vicinity of the fitting 6.
Der Langstab-Verbundisolator 1 entsprechend Figur 3 umfasst den Kern 2 aus einem glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoff. Auf dem Kern 2 ist eine Schutzschicht 8 aus Silikon-Kautschuk aufgebracht. Auf dieser Schutzschicht 8 sind die Schirme 4 montiert. The long-rod composite insulator 1 according to FIG. 3 comprises the core 2 made of a glass-fiber-reinforced plastic. On the core 2 is a protective layer. 8 made of silicone rubber. On this protective layer 8, the umbrellas 4 are mounted.
Auf der Unterseite der Schirme 4 ist zur Feldbeeinflussung bzw. zum Abbau von hohen Spannungssprüngen eine separate Scheibe 10 aus vorgefertigtem EPM befestigt, die feldbeeinflussende Partikel 7 enthält. On the underside of the screens 4, a separate pane 10 of prefabricated EPM is attached to the field influence or to reduce high voltage jumps containing field-influencing particles 7.
Entsprechend einer ersten Ausführungsvariante ist die separate Scheibe 10 entsprechend dem oberen Schirm 4 an der Unterseite anvulkanisiert. Entsprechend einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante ist die separate, die feldbeeinflussenden Partikel enthaltende Scheibe 10 in das Material des Schirms 4 eingegossen, wie dies am unteren Schirm 4 ersichtlich ist. According to a first embodiment, the separate disc 10 is vulcanized according to the upper screen 4 at the bottom. According to a second embodiment, the separate, the field-influencing particles containing disc 10 is poured into the material of the screen 4, as can be seen on the lower screen 4.
Gemäß Figur 4 umfassen die Schirme 4 einer anderen Variante des Langstab- Verbundisolators 1 auf der Unterseite eine Anzahl von umlaufenden Rippen 12. Diesen Rippen 12 ist eine Schutzschicht 8' angegoßen, die die feldbeeinflussenden Partikel 7 enthält. Gemäß Figur 5 weist der Langstab-Verbundisolator 1 am Kern 2 zumindest abschnittsweise eine weitere umgebende Schutzschicht 8' auf, die wiederum mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln versetzt ist. According to FIG. 4, the shields 4 of another variant of the long-rod composite insulator 1 on the underside comprise a number of circumferential ribs 12. These ribs 12 have a protective layer 8 'which contains the field-influencing particles 7. According to FIG. 5, the long-rod composite insulator 1 has at least in sections a further surrounding protective layer 8 'on the core 2, which protective layer is in turn offset by field-influencing particles.
Gemäß Figur 6 ist die an der Unterseite der Schirme 4 angebrachte Schutzschicht 8' mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln in die Schirme 4 eingegossen. Dazu ist insbesondere gemäß einem abschließenden Herstellungsschritt der in Figur 6 gezeigte Langstab-Verbundisolator 1 mit einer äußeren Schutzschicht 13 aus Silikon- Kautschuk umhüllt, die keine feldbeeinflussenden Partikel 7 umfasst. According to FIG. 6, the protective layer 8 'attached to the underside of the screens 4 is cast into the shields 4 with field-influencing particles. For this purpose, in particular according to a final production step, the long-rod composite insulator 1 shown in FIG. 6 is enveloped by an outer protective layer 13 of silicone rubber which does not comprise any field-influencing particles 7.
Bezugszeichen reference numeral
1 Verbundisolator 1 composite insulator
Kern  core
Schirm  umbrella
Anschlussarmatur  End fittings
6 Anschlussarmatur  6 connection fitting
7 Feld beeinflussende Partikel  7 field-influencing particles
8 Schutzschicht  8 protective layer
8' Schutzschicht mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln 8 'protective layer with field-influencing particles
10 Scheibe 10 slice
12 Rippen  12 ribs
13 äußere Schutzschicht  13 outer protective layer
HV Hochspannungsende HV high voltage end

Claims

Ansprüche claims
Verbundisolator (1 ) mit einem Kern (2), insbesondere aus einem faserverstärkten Duromer, und mit einer diesen Kern (2) umgebenden Schutzschicht (8), insbesondere aus einem isolierenden Elastomer, Composite insulator (1) with a core (2), in particular of a fiber-reinforced duromer, and with a protective layer (8) surrounding this core (2), in particular of an insulating elastomer,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Schutzschicht (8) abschnittsweise das Feld des Isolators (1 ) beeinflussende Partikel (7) umfasst. the protective layer (8) comprises particles (7) influencing the field of the insulator (1) in sections.
Verbundisolator (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , Composite insulator (1) according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Schutzschicht (8) zur Verlängerung der Kriechstrecke eine Anzahl von Schirmen (4) aufweist. in that the protective layer (8) for extending the creepage distance comprises a number of sheds (4).
Verbundisolator (1 ) nach Anspruch 2, Composite insulator (1) according to claim 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Schutzschicht (8') einer Teilanzahl der Schirme (4) die feldbeeinflussenden Partikel (7) umfasst. in that the protective layer (8 ') of a part number of the screens (4) comprises the field-influencing particles (7).
Verbundisolator (1 ) nach Anspruch 3, Composite insulator (1) according to claim 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass sich die Teilanzahl der Schirme (4) am spannungsführenden Ende (HV) befindet. that the number of parts of the screens (4) at the live end (HV) is located.
Verbund isolator (1 ) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 3, Composite insulator (1) according to one of claims 2 to 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Schutzschicht (8') auf der Unterseite zumindest einer Teilanzahl der Schirme (4) die feldbeeinflussenden Partikel (7) umfasst. the protective layer (8 ') on the underside of at least a part number of the screens (4) comprises the field-influencing particles (7).
6. Verbundisolator (1 ) nach Anspruch 5, 6. composite insulator (1) according to claim 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass auf der Unterseite zumindest einer Teilanzahl der Schirme (4) eine die feldbeeinflussenden Partikel (7) enthaltende Scheibe (10) anvulkanisiert oder eingegossen ist.  on the underside of at least a part number of the screens (4), a pane (10) containing the field-influencing particles (7) is vulcanized or cast in.
7. Verbundisolator (1 ) nach Anspruch 5, 7. composite insulator (1) according to claim 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass auf der Unterseite zumindest einer Teilanzahl der Schirme (4) die Schutzschicht (8') mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln (7) aufgebracht ist.  the protective layer (8 ') with field-influencing particles (7) is applied on the underside of at least a part number of the screens (4).
8. Verbundisolator (1 ) nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, 8. composite insulator (1) according to claim 6 or 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Schirme (4) auf der Unterseite Rippen (12)aufweisen, auf denen die Scheibe (10) oder die mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln (7) versetzte Schutzschicht (8') aufgebracht ist.  in that the screens (4) have ribs (12) on the lower side, on which the disc (10) or the protective layer (8 ') offset with field-influencing particles (7) is applied.
9. Verbundisolator (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 9. composite insulator (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Schutzschicht (8) zumindest abschnittsweise entlang des Kerns (2) mit den feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln (7) versetzt ist.  the protective layer (8) is offset at least in sections along the core (2) with the field-influencing particles (7).
Verbundisolator (1 ) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 9, Composite insulator (1) according to one of claims 2 to 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Schirme (4) und/oder der Kern (2) von einer äußeren Schutzschicht (13) umgeben sind, die frei von feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln (7) ist.  the sheds (4) and / or the core (2) are surrounded by an outer protective layer (13) which is free of field-influencing particles (7).
11. Verbundisolator (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 11. composite insulator (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Schutzschicht (8) ein Silikonkautschuk, ein Ethylen-Propylen- Copolymer (EPDM), ein Ethylen-Vinyl-Acetat (EVA) oder ein Epoxidharz ist, wobei abschnittsweise ein mit feldbeeinflussenden Partikeln (7) versetztes Silikonkautschuk, EPDM, EVA oder Epoxidharz aufgebracht ist. the protective layer (8) is a silicone rubber, an ethylene-propylene copolymer (EPDM), an ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA) or an epoxy resin, where sections with a field-influencing particles (7) added silicone rubber, EPDM, EVA or epoxy resin is applied.
12. Verbundisolator (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 12. composite insulator (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die feldbeeinflussenden Partikel (7) im Bereich der Trockenzonen des Isolators (1 ), insbesondere an den Unterseiten von Schirmen (4), aufgebracht, anvulkanisiert, mit der Schutzschicht (8, 8') aufgetragen oder eingegossen sind.  the field-influencing particles (7) are applied, vulcanized, applied or cast in the region of the drying zones of the insulator (1), in particular on the undersides of screens (4), with the protective layer (8, 8 ').
13. Verbundisolator (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, 13. composite insulator (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die feldbeeinflussenden Partikel (7) ressistive oder kapazitive Partikel oder Halbleiterpartikel, insbesondere Mikrovaristoren aus dotiertem ZnO), sind.  the field-influencing particles (7) are resistive or capacitive particles or semiconductor particles, in particular microvaristors of doped ZnO).
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Publication number Publication date
US20130101846A1 (en) 2013-04-25
WO2011147583A2 (en) 2011-12-01
CN102906825B (en) 2016-09-21
JP5663085B2 (en) 2015-02-04
PL2577685T3 (en) 2020-07-13
CA2800273A1 (en) 2011-12-01
KR101616113B1 (en) 2016-04-27
US9312053B2 (en) 2016-04-12
ZA201208313B (en) 2013-07-31
RU2548897C2 (en) 2015-04-20
ES2787511T3 (en) 2020-10-16
KR20130091666A (en) 2013-08-19
RU2012147464A (en) 2014-07-10
CA2800273C (en) 2017-10-03
EP2577685B1 (en) 2020-03-04
CN102906825A (en) 2013-01-30
WO2011147583A3 (en) 2012-03-29
PT2577685T (en) 2020-05-07
JP2013531339A (en) 2013-08-01

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