EP2576850B1 - Procédé de récupération de métaux nobles et d'autres sous-produits à partir d'un minerai - Google Patents

Procédé de récupération de métaux nobles et d'autres sous-produits à partir d'un minerai Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2576850B1
EP2576850B1 EP10760350.8A EP10760350A EP2576850B1 EP 2576850 B1 EP2576850 B1 EP 2576850B1 EP 10760350 A EP10760350 A EP 10760350A EP 2576850 B1 EP2576850 B1 EP 2576850B1
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Prior art keywords
ore
ore particles
electrolytic bath
bath
noble metals
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EP10760350.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2576850A1 (fr
Inventor
Voldemars Belakovs
Nicolae Costache
Dumitru Crestin
Geanina Silviana Banu
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
    • C25C1/20—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions of noble metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
    • C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for recovering noble metals and other byproducts from ore.
  • the present invention relates in particular to a method for recovering noble metals and other byproducts by disintegration of ore using nontoxic processes.
  • WO 2010/057329 describes a sonoelectrochemical process for the treatment of concentrates of copper sulphurates using electrolysis and ultrasonic waves.
  • RU 2 263 152 for example describes a method for the extraction of gold from oxide-bearing ores.
  • the ore is submerged to the electric explosion treatment and activation (i.e. shock heating) which intensifies the coagulation of metal grains.
  • the disintegrated ore is further treated by flotation and processed further by known hydro-metallurgical techniques.
  • Drawbacks of this method include its limited recovery rate and use of toxic substances.
  • An aim of the present invention is thus to propose an industrially applicable method for recovering noble metals and other byproducts from ore allowing for a high recovery rate.
  • Another aim of the present invention is to propose an industrially applicable and economical method for recovering noble metals and other byproducts from ore
  • Still another aim of the present invention is to propose an industrially applicable method for recovering noble metals and other byproducts from ore that doesn't use nor produce any toxic substance.
  • a method for the recovery of noble metals comprising the steps of subjecting ore particles to an electrolytic bath enhanced by an ultrasonic bath, the electrolytic bath comprising heavy and/or semi-heavy water; shock heating the ore particles for disintegrating them; and separating noble metals from the remains of said disintegrated ore particles.
  • the method of the invention for recovering noble metals and other byproducts from ore is economical applicable at an industrial scale. Experiments have shown that it has a typical recovery rate of 95 to 99.9%. No toxic substance is used or produced during any step of the method.
  • the method of the invention for the recovery of noble metals and other byproducts from ore preferably comprises the following steps:
  • the method of the invention for recovering noble metals and other byproducts from ore is preferably performed on small particles of crushed ore.
  • the ore is thus crushed down to a predetermined target particle size, which participates to an increased efficiency of the next steps of the method of the invention for maximizing the recovery rate achieved with the method of the invention.
  • the target size for the ore particles is preferably smaller than or equal to 590 microns (30 US Mesh), more preferably smaller than or equal to 420 microns (40 US Mesh), even more preferably smaller than or equal to 250 microns (60 US Mesh). Crushing of the ore is performed using any appropriate, preferably mechanical, method.
  • the crushed ore is further centrifuged in order to create micropores and/or cracks or macropores in the ore particles and/or in order to further open micropores and/or cracks or macropores made in the ore particles during crushing.
  • the preferably crushed ore is placed in an electrolytic bath and simultaneously submitted to ultrasounds.
  • the ore particles are placed in two ore containers 30 that are immersed at a distance from each other in an electrolytic bath 1.
  • the external walls of the ore containers 30 are preferably permeable to the ions of the electrolytic bath.
  • the external walls of the containers 30 are made of a microporous nylon membrane.
  • the ore containers 30 are preferably cone shaped for an improved efficiency of the method of the invention. Other shapes are however possible within the frame of the invention.
  • An electrode 3 is located in each ore container 30.
  • the electrodes 3 are electrically connected to a source of electrical power, which is not represented on the figures.
  • the electrodes 3 are for example made of titanium or nickel and preferably have both the same shape and size.
  • the electrodes 3 are preferably metallic rods that are located vertically along the central axis of their respective ore container 30. Other shapes and configurations of the electrodes are however possible within the scope of the invention.
  • Each electrode may for example comprise several branches that are spread within their respective ore container.
  • the electrolytic bath 1 is placed in an ultrasonic bath 2, in which ultrasounds are generated that propagate through the walls of the electrolytic bath container 10 and into the electrolytic bath 1.
  • the temperature of the ultrasonic bath 2 is preferably around eighty degrees Celsius.
  • the composition of the electrolytic bath 1 preferably includes heavy and/or semi-heavy water, such as for example deuterium or tritium.
  • the concentration of heavy and/or semi-heavy water in the electrolytic bath 1 is for example between 2 to 5 percents.
  • the composition of the ultrasonic bath 2 is for example essentially water and/or any liquid in which ultrasounds efficiently propagate.
  • the ultrasounds are preferably generated by one or more ultrasonic transducers located preferably inside the ultrasonic bath container 20, which are not shown on the figures for the sake of readability and conciseness.
  • the electrolytic processing of the ore is initiated by applying direct current (DC) voltage to the electrodes 3, for example six volts DC voltage with a current density of six amperes per square decimeter (A/dm 2 ).
  • DC direct current
  • One of the electrodes 3 becomes the anode, while the other electrode 3 becomes the cathode.
  • the polarity of the DC voltage is inversed at regular intervals in order to submit the ore contained in both ore containers 30 to the same treatment, i.e. to the same polarities for equivalent periods of time.
  • the DC voltage is for example applied to the electrodes 3 for a total of two hours, divided in four cycles of thirty minutes each. After each cycle of thirty minutes, the polarity of the DC voltage is changed, i.e. after each cycle of thirty minutes, the cathode becomes the anode and vice versa.
  • chlorine and other gases and/or soluble salts are produced near the anode, which penetrate the ore particles contained in the corresponding ore container 30. These gases and/or soluble salts will participate to the disintegration of the ore particles in a next step of the method.
  • reactive metal chlorides for example sodium, calcium, potassium, etc.
  • Alkaline reactions then take place near the cathode, which generates an at least partial disintegration the ore particles contained in the corresponding ore container 30.
  • the ultrasonic bath 2 enhances the penetration of the substances produced near the cathode into the macro- and micropores of the ore particles contained in the corresponding ore container 30.
  • free hydrogen atoms are absorbed by platinum group metals (PGM) present in the ore particles, whereas this absorption is drastically increased by the ultrasonic bath 2.
  • PGM platinum group metals
  • the electrolytic processing of the ore particles enhanced by the ultrasonic bath 2 and preferably comprising a number of alternated cycles, cleans and fills the macro- and micropores of the ore particles with substances generated in the electrolytic bath 1, thereby preparing the ore particles for a next step of the method of the invention.
  • the prepared ore particles which were submitted to the electrolytic bath enhanced by ultrasonic bath in a previous step of the method, are placed in a crucible 5.
  • the crucible 5 is preferably made of magnetite powder and fire clay.
  • the crucible 5 containing the ore particles is introduced into an oven 4, preferably a microwave oven, for shock heating of the ore particles, i.e. the ore particles are subjected to a very fast and important temperature increase.
  • the temperature of the ore particles is for example elevated to a temperature between 200 and 300°C within 60 to 180 seconds, preferably to 250°C within 120 seconds.
  • Shock heating of the ore particles is preferably performed in a microwave oven. Submitting the prepared ore particles to high power microwave radiations provokes high excitation of the heavy, semi-heavy and light water molecules in the ore particles, thereby rapidly increasing their temperature. Other technologies are however possible within the frame of the invention for shock heating the ore particles.
  • the PGM also release the previously absorbed hydrogen at a high pressure, which also participates to the disintegration of the ore particles and to the release of nanoparticles of noble metals.
  • reactive metal chlorides were used in the electrolytic bath, then, during shock heating, different salts, including for example bicarbonates, and alkalines which have dissolved in the electrolyte bath and have penetrated the macro- and micropores of the ore particles react with ore substances causing various chemical reactions. As a result of these chemical reactions, some ore substances become soluble, thereby further participating to the disintegration of the ore and the release of noble metals.
  • the shock microwave heating process for example lasts fifteen minutes at a microwave frequency of 2.45 GHz, the input power of the microwave radiation depending on the quantity of ore particles in the oven.
  • the disintegrated ore particles and the released nanoparticles are submitted to a next step of separation of noble metals from the remaining ore, preferably to a mechanical step of separation.
  • This step of separation according to a preferred embodiment of the invention is schematically illustrated in Fig. 3 .
  • the step of separation uses gravity separation enhanced by ultrasounds.
  • the disintegrated ore preferably together with the remaining content of the crucible used for shock heating, is put into a preferably cone shaped container 7 made of a permeable material, for example a microporous nylon membrane.
  • the filled cone shaped container 7 is placed into an ultrasonic bath 6, preferably with its tip oriented towards the ground, for an ultrasonic induced gravity separation of the noble metals. Under the effect of the ultrasonic waves, the content of the container 7 is slightly agitated, and the noble metals and other by products tend to sink to the tip of the container 7, while the remains of the disintegrated ore particles are pushed towards the top.
  • separation technologies preferably mechanical technologies, are however possible within the frame of the invention.
  • separation of noble metals and other byproducts from the remains of the disintegrated ore particles is made through centrifugation of the crucible's content. Separation can also be performed with the help of electrostatic, magnetic and/or chemically-based techniques.
  • the remaining liquid from the electrolytic bath 1 and from the ultrasonic bath 6 and also the sludge, i.e. the remains of the disintegrated ore particles, are preferably tested for the presence of noble metals that are for example collected, i.e. separated, using similar or other separation techniques.
  • the method of the invention for the recovery of noble metals and other byproducts by disintegration of ore using nontoxic multi-step processing allows for a very high recovery rate (95 - 99.9%) and does not use any toxic substances like cyanide or mercury, thereby being environmentally friendly.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de récupération de métaux nobles, comprenant les étapes de:
    soumettre des particules de minerai à un bain électrolytique (1) renforcé par un bain à ultrasons (2), ledit bain électrolytique (1) comprenant de l'eau lourde et/ou semi-lourde,
    chauffer par ondes de choc lesdites particules de minerai pour désintégrer lesdites particules de minerai,
    séparer les métaux nobles des restes desdites particules de minerai désintégrées.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel ladite étape de séparation comprend la séparation par gravité renforcée par ultrasons.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre l'étape préliminaire de broyage de minerai pour produire lesdites particules de minerai.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre l'étape préliminaire de centrifuger lesdites particules de minerai.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'étape de soumettre des particules de minerai à un bain électrolytique (1) renforcé par un bain à ultrasons (2) comprend l'immersion desdites particules de minerai dans ledit bain électrolytique (1), dans lequel ledit bain électrolytique (1) est placé à l'intérieur dudit bain à ultrasons (2).
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'étape de soumettre des particules de minerai à un bain électrolytique (1) renforcé par un bain à ultrasons (2) comprend de placer lesdites particules de minerai dans des récipients à minerai (30), où lesdits récipients à minerai (30) sont placés autour d'électrodes (3) dudit bain électrolytique (1).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel lesdits récipients à minerai (30) sont de forme conique.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7, dans lequel les parois extérieures desdits récipients (30) sont constitués d'une membrane microporeuse en nylon.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'étape de soumettre des particules de minerai à un bain électrolytique (1) renforcé par un bain à ultrasons (2) comprend d'alterner la polarité d'une tension CC appliquée à des électrodes (3) dudit bain électrolytique (1).
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite étape de chauffage par ondes de choc est une étape de chauffage par ondes de choc à microondes.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite étape de chauffage par ondes de choc comprend de placer lesdites particules de minerai dans un creuset (5) dans un four à microondes (4) et d'appliquer une radiation à microondes dans ledit four à microondes (4).
EP10760350.8A 2010-06-01 2010-10-01 Procédé de récupération de métaux nobles et d'autres sous-produits à partir d'un minerai Active EP2576850B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10760350.8A EP2576850B1 (fr) 2010-06-01 2010-10-01 Procédé de récupération de métaux nobles et d'autres sous-produits à partir d'un minerai

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10164665 2010-06-01
EP10760350.8A EP2576850B1 (fr) 2010-06-01 2010-10-01 Procédé de récupération de métaux nobles et d'autres sous-produits à partir d'un minerai
PCT/EP2010/064678 WO2011150984A1 (fr) 2010-06-01 2010-10-01 Procédé de récupération de métaux nobles et d'autres sous-produits à partir d'un minerai

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2576850A1 EP2576850A1 (fr) 2013-04-10
EP2576850B1 true EP2576850B1 (fr) 2015-03-04

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EP10760350.8A Active EP2576850B1 (fr) 2010-06-01 2010-10-01 Procédé de récupération de métaux nobles et d'autres sous-produits à partir d'un minerai

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US (1) US20130146477A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2576850B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102947472A (fr)
AP (1) AP2012006649A0 (fr)
AU (1) AU2010354435A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2800694A1 (fr)
EA (1) EA201291166A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011150984A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201208874B (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2907899B1 (fr) * 2014-05-30 2016-07-27 Nicolae Costache Procédé pour la récupération de métaux et d'éléments non métalliques et métalliques à partir d'objets contenant des composés organiques
WO2023175570A1 (fr) * 2022-03-16 2023-09-21 Flsmidth A/S Système et procédé de commande ou d'élimination de dépôts durs sur des cathodes d'extraction électrolytique

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB497835A (en) * 1937-05-21 1938-12-21 William Henry Vale Junior A process for the separation of metals or metal compounds
US3772003A (en) * 1972-02-07 1973-11-13 J Gordy Process for the electrolytic recovery of lead, silver and zinc from their ore
US4139432A (en) * 1976-08-16 1979-02-13 Ghiringhelli Hugh A Process for electrochemically recovering precious metals from ores
CA1198080A (fr) * 1981-04-15 1985-12-17 Freeport Minerals Company Lixiviation et electrodeposition simultanees de metaux precieux
US4382845A (en) * 1981-08-10 1983-05-10 Chevron Research Company Selective electrowinning of palladium
US4406752A (en) * 1981-11-12 1983-09-27 General Electric Company Electrowinning of noble metals
GB2181452B (en) * 1985-09-10 1989-06-07 Dean Butler Leaching process
GB8720279D0 (en) * 1987-08-27 1987-10-07 Tetronics Res & Dev Co Ltd Recovery of gold
CN1194109C (zh) * 2002-05-20 2005-03-23 严卓理 含砷硫有毒难处理物的金矿砂的超声预处理方法
RU2263152C1 (ru) 2004-04-29 2005-10-27 Галайко Владимир Васильевич Способ извлечения золота при гидромеханизированной разработке песков глинистых россыпей и валунчатых окисленных руд кор выветривания
CN1304612C (zh) * 2005-09-01 2007-03-14 徐致钢 从含铂族金属矿石中提取铂族金属的工艺
US20090071840A1 (en) * 2006-04-17 2009-03-19 Rafael Calif Method for extracting metals from ore
CA2595275A1 (fr) * 2007-08-22 2009-02-22 David Pearce Lixiviation et precipitation sequentielles de metaux a partir de minerais refractaires par potentiels variables a oxydoreduction et systeme a ph variable
US9512012B2 (en) * 2007-12-08 2016-12-06 Comsats Institute Of Information Technology Sonoelectrolysis for metal removal
CL2008003423A1 (es) 2008-11-18 2010-10-29 Rb Ingenieria Ltda Proceso para tratar concentrados sulfurados de cobre en celda de dos camaras, anodica y catodica, con primera y segunda membranas, respectivamente, donde el electrolito, combinacion de h2so4 y hci con agua, se cargan en ambas camaras y el concentrado se carga en la camara anodica, donde se generan ondas ultrasonicas; y celda.

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Publication number Publication date
CN102947472A (zh) 2013-02-27
AU2010354435A1 (en) 2012-12-20
US20130146477A1 (en) 2013-06-13
ZA201208874B (en) 2013-08-28
WO2011150984A1 (fr) 2011-12-08
CA2800694A1 (fr) 2011-12-08
EP2576850A1 (fr) 2013-04-10
EA201291166A1 (ru) 2013-06-28
AP2012006649A0 (en) 2012-12-31

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