EP2572034A1 - Lignozelluloser faserwerkstoff, naturfaserverstärkter kunststoff und verfahren zur herstellung - Google Patents
Lignozelluloser faserwerkstoff, naturfaserverstärkter kunststoff und verfahren zur herstellungInfo
- Publication number
- EP2572034A1 EP2572034A1 EP10807695A EP10807695A EP2572034A1 EP 2572034 A1 EP2572034 A1 EP 2572034A1 EP 10807695 A EP10807695 A EP 10807695A EP 10807695 A EP10807695 A EP 10807695A EP 2572034 A1 EP2572034 A1 EP 2572034A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- lignocellulosic
- wood
- radiation
- fiber reinforced
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/02—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means
- D21B1/021—Pretreatment of the raw materials by chemical or physical means by chemical means
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
- D21B1/14—Disintegrating in mills
- D21B1/16—Disintegrating in mills in the presence of chemical agents
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H25/00—After-treatment of paper not provided for in groups D21H17/00 - D21H23/00
- D21H25/04—Physical treatment, e.g. heating, irradiating
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
- D21J1/00—Fibreboard
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
- D21J1/00—Fibreboard
- D21J1/16—Special fibreboard
- D21J1/20—Insulating board
Definitions
- Lignocellulosic fiber material Lignocellulosic fiber material, natural fiber reinforced plastic and method of manufacture
- the invention relates to a process for the production of fiber materials and natural fiber reinforced plastics according to the features of claim 1.
- the invention further relates to materials which are produced by the process according to the invention.
- Fiber materials in the form of MDF (Medium Density Fiber Boards), HDF (High Density Fiber Boards), LDF (Low Density Fiber Boards) or fiber insulation boards are used extensively in the furniture and packaging industry, in the construction industry and used in automotive engineering. These materials are generally made from pulp obtained by thermo-mechanical pulping (TMP) or chemo-thermo-mechanical pulping (CTMP) in the defibrator or refiner of woodchips or other lignocellulosic plant material. The pulp is treated with synthetic resins, e.g. As urea, phenol or melamine-formaldehyde resin or diisocyanates glued, dried and formed into a nonwoven.
- TMP thermo-mechanical pulping
- CMP chemo-thermo-mechanical pulping
- the binder content is usually 3 to 20 wt .-% based on the pulp (atro).
- the pressing into plate-shaped materials takes place in continuous and discontinuous processes.
- insulation boards about 200 to 400 kg / m 3
- medium-hard fibreboard 350 to 800 kg / m 3
- MDF 650 to 900 kg / m 3
- HDF 800 to 1200 kg / m 3
- the wood chips are first washed and then fed to a pre-damper in which at temperatures between 140 and 180 ° C under pressure preplasticization takes place. Thereafter, the chips are fed through a screw to the grinding discs of a refiner and shredded. The pulp is discharged, glued and fed to a dryer via a blowline.
- pulp from the first pulping stage is generally used. There is a considerable specific energy requirement in the form of drive energy for the grinding disks and thermal energy for the pre-damping of the Wood chips necessary.
- the cost of electrical grinding work is about 120 to 200 kWh / t otro fibers and thus about 50% of the total energy consumption for MDF production (Buchholz, P .: Influence of chemical wood chips treatment in MDF production (1), WKI Communication 708/1998, Holzzentralblatt No. 7, p. 90, 93, 94).
- This energy consumption represents a decisive cost factor and puts a burden on the eco-balance due to the high CO2 emissions of the products.
- lignocellulosic fibrous materials have also been used to make Wood Polymer (Plastic) Composites (WPC) or Natural Fiber Reinforced Plastics (NFP) with reinforcing or filling effects.
- WPC Wood Polymer
- NPP Natural Fiber Reinforced Plastics
- the amount of grinding energy required to produce pulp is influenced by a number of parameters.
- the plasticization temperature plays a crucial role. Energy consumption in the temperature range between 150 ° C and 170 ° C is reduced from 700 kWh / t to about 200 kWh / t (Deppe, HJ, Ernst, K .: MDF medium-density fibreboard Leinfelden-Echterdingen, DRW-Verlag , 1996).
- the temperature increase however, set narrow limits, since with increasing temperature, the hydrolysis of the wood components, especially hemicelluloses increases sharply with negative consequences for the yield and the mechanical properties of the materials produced.
- biotechnological pretreatment of the wood chips with fungal cultures or extracellular enzymes is known.
- the structure of the wood is achieved by the action of wood-degrading fungi or extracellular enzymes.
- an energy saving of up to 40% can be achieved after several weeks of incubation.
- RTS process thermopulp, wood chip pressing
- RTS method Retention Temperature Speed
- the speed of the refiner is increased from 1,500 rpm "1 to 2,300 rpm " 1 and the temperature is raised above the lignin softening point for a short time. This causes an increase of the grinding intensity and reduction of the specific energy requirement by about 22% (Münster 1996).
- Law, K.-N., Lanouette, R . Effect of mechanical conditioning of chips on the quality of softwood TMP: Pulp & Paper Canada 101 (2000), No. 7, pp.
- the wood chips are subjected to repeated static pressing cycles, thus achieving a reduction of the specific energy requirement by about 18% to 25%.
- the pulp in the second refining stage is heated to 160 ° C. to 170 ° C. for about 10 s.
- the specific energy requirement can be reduced by 10% to 20% (Tienvieri, T., Huusari, E., Sundhol, J. Vuorio, P, Kortelainen, J. Nystedt, H.
- Milling energy consumption could be reduced by about 30% (Akhtar, M., Scott, GM, Houtman, CJ 2001: Recent developments in biopulping technology, Abstract Book of 8th International Conference on Biotechnology in the Pulp and Paper ln-industry, June 4-8, 2001, Helsinki, Finland, p 39-41; Messner, K .: Pretreatment of woodchips with selective lignin-degrading fungi and ultrastructural bases of the enzyme reaction, in Miletzky, F., Borchers, B .: Enzymtechnik, the use of Enzymes in paper technology, PTS seminar 1995). When using extracellular enzymes was achieved at exposure times of 1 to 12 h in combination with a Pressafiner opposition freedom energy savings of 13 to 15% (US 2007/0151683 A1).
- the object of the invention is to provide a process for the production of lignocellulosic fiber materials and natural fiber reinforced plastics with reduced energy consumption and the same or improved properties.
- the object of the invention is achieved by a method according to the features of claim 1.
- the dependent claims 2 to 7 relate to preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention.
- the materials are characterized by the features of claims 8 and 9 and obtainable by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
- the underlying this application method is based on a pretreatment of wood chips or other lignocellulosic starting materials with high-energy radiation in the form of electron radiation, gamma radiation, X-rays and their combination with subsequent defibration and further processing into fiber materials.
- particles preferably of wood, but also from other lignocellulosic substances such as rapeseed straw, flax and hemp stalks, cereal straw, coconut fibers, bamboo, rice straw, bagasse, u. a.
- the said starting materials for. As woodchips, are preferably prepared in a conventional manner in a hacker or fall as a side assortment in profile cutting. Stem material from cereal straw, hemp or flax is pre-shredded in a shredder. For flax and hemp, the cockroaches can be used separately.
- the lignocellulosic particles are exposed to high-energy radiation. This loosening of the wood texture is achieved.
- the radiation energy can be applied in the form of electron radiation, gamma radiation or X-radiation. Due to a greater penetration depth, electron radiation is preferably used, the dose of radiation energy being applied in the range from 10 to 50 kGy, preferably in the range from 20 to 30 kGy and either in one operation or in a plurality of individual doses.
- the treatment of the particles with high-energy radiation can also be carried out in combination with a chemical, enzymatic or mechanical pre- or post-treatment. Thus, a treatment of the particles z. B. with bisulphite, caustic soda, hydrolytic or lignin oxidizing enzymes.
- the irradiated particles are ground or defibered in one or more stages by mechanical or thermomechanical methods in a defibrator, extruder or refiner.
- the particles are thermo-mechanically defibrated after a pre-damping in a defibrator at temperatures in the range of 150 to 180 ° C. Due to the irradiation, a reduction of the specific net energy consumption of about 30 to 40% can be achieved.
- Particles from other fiber crops such as canola, hemp, flax and grain straw can be fiberized purely mechanically in the refiner or in the extruder even without thermal pretreatment.
- the fibers can be processed into materials by wet, dry and semi-dry methods.
- the fibers are dried to a residual moisture content of less than 25% by weight (based on otro fiber mass).
- the semi-dry process the residual moisture is 20 to 35 wt .-% and the wet process up to 120%.
- the pulp is processed into nonwovens and pressed under the influence of heat and pressure. In the manufacture of insulation boards, only a calibration of the nonwovens and a flow of steam or hot air.
- the recovered pulp can also be used as a filling or reinforcing component for the production of Wood Polymer Composites (WPC) or Natural Fiber Reinforced Plastics (NFP) with thermoplastic, thermoset or biopolymer based matrix materials.
- WPC Wood Polymer Composites
- NPP Natural Fiber Reinforced Plastics
- the density of the materials produced can be in the range of 100 to 1200 kg / m 3 , in MDF preferably in the range of 700 to 900 kg / m 3 and Dämmplätten in the range of 50 to 450 kg / m 3 .
- the materials can be widely used in the furniture and construction industry, in the packaging sector and in the automotive industry.
- the materials, in particular MDF produced from fibrous materials which have been obtained by a combination of electron irradiation of the woodchips with a subsequent thermomechanical defibration have compared to materials produced by conventional method significantly better bending and transverse tensile strengths and reduced thickness swelling and water absorption. This leads to savings in production costs and an improved ecological balance.
- Example 1 The invention will be explained below with reference to examples.
- Example 1 Example 1 :
- Wood chips from spruce (WA 46 m%) are irradiated by means of an electron beam source of 10 MeV with an absorbed dose of 30 KGy. Subsequently, the chips are pre-steamed at 140 ° C for 5 min and defibrated in a defibrator with a grinding gap of 0.3 mm. To obtain a comparison or reference value, wood chips are fiberized without prior irradiation.
- the recovered pulp is dried in an air dryer to a humidity of 4%, glued with 4% PMDI, scattered to a nonwoven and pressed at 180 ° C to 5 mm thick MDF with a density of 800 kg / m 3 .
- Example 1 wood chips are irradiated or used without irradiation as a control. Subsequently, the chips are pre-damped at an elevated temperature of 155 ° C for 5 min and defibrated in a defibrator with a grinding gap of 0.3 mm.
- the recovered pulp was processed as in Ex. 1 to materials.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200910057206 DE102009057206B3 (de) | 2009-11-27 | 2009-11-27 | Lignozelluloser Faserwerkstoff, naturfaserverstärkter Kunststoff und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
PCT/DE2010/001415 WO2011063799A1 (de) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-27 | Lignozelluloser faserwerkstoff, naturfaserverstärkter kunststoff und verfahren zur herstellung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2572034A1 true EP2572034A1 (de) | 2013-03-27 |
Family
ID=43759900
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10807695A Withdrawn EP2572034A1 (de) | 2009-11-27 | 2010-11-27 | Lignozelluloser faserwerkstoff, naturfaserverstärkter kunststoff und verfahren zur herstellung |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2572034A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102009057206B3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2011063799A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013001647A1 (de) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-07-31 | Volkswagen Ag | Kunststoff-Bauteil aus naturfaserverstärktem Kunststoff |
DE102013108102A1 (de) | 2013-07-29 | 2015-01-29 | Stefan Hamel | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Mischung aus Biomassefasern und wenigstens einem Kunststoff für die Herstellung eines Verbundwerkstoffs, Mischung aus Biomassefasern und wenigstens einem Kunststoff hergestellt nach dem Verfahren und Verbundwerkstoff hergestellt aus der Mischung |
CN112175406B (zh) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-08-12 | 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所 | 可降解复合材料在调湿中的应用 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009134748A2 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-05 | Xyleco, Inc | Cellulosic and lignocellulosic structural materials and methods and systems for manufacturing such materials |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI20001612A (fi) * | 2000-07-05 | 2002-02-13 | Dynea Chemicals Oy | Menetelmä kuitulevyjen valmistamiseksi |
DE10164659C2 (de) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-10-30 | Univ Dresden Tech | Bindemittelfreier Faserdämmstoff und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
FI20031818A (fi) | 2003-12-11 | 2005-06-12 | Valtion Teknillinen | Menetelmä mekaanisen massan valmistamiseksi |
DE102007020450A1 (de) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-10-30 | Lanxess Deutschland Gmbh | Wirkstoff-Formulierungen zur Herstellung von WPC mit antifungischen Eigenschaften sowie WPC mit antifungischen Eigenschaften |
US7867358B2 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2011-01-11 | Xyleco, Inc. | Paper products and methods and systems for manufacturing such products |
-
2009
- 2009-11-27 DE DE200910057206 patent/DE102009057206B3/de active Active
-
2010
- 2010-11-27 WO PCT/DE2010/001415 patent/WO2011063799A1/de active Application Filing
- 2010-11-27 EP EP10807695A patent/EP2572034A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009134748A2 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-05 | Xyleco, Inc | Cellulosic and lignocellulosic structural materials and methods and systems for manufacturing such materials |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of WO2011063799A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2011063799A1 (de) | 2011-06-03 |
DE102009057206B3 (de) | 2011-09-01 |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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Effective date: 20130211 |
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RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: BAEURICH, CHRISTIAN Inventor name: WEBER, PAUL, GERHARD Inventor name: NGUYEN TRUNG, CONG Inventor name: WAGENFUEHR, ANDRE Inventor name: ZELM, ROLAND Inventor name: UNBEHAUN, HOLGER |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20160316 |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20180731 |