EP2569895A2 - Method and control unit for charging a vehicle battery - Google Patents

Method and control unit for charging a vehicle battery

Info

Publication number
EP2569895A2
EP2569895A2 EP11738641A EP11738641A EP2569895A2 EP 2569895 A2 EP2569895 A2 EP 2569895A2 EP 11738641 A EP11738641 A EP 11738641A EP 11738641 A EP11738641 A EP 11738641A EP 2569895 A2 EP2569895 A2 EP 2569895A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
charging
control unit
vehicle
lse
station
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11738641A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rainer Falk
Steffen Fries
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2569895A2 publication Critical patent/EP2569895A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/16—Implementing security features at a particular protocol layer
    • H04L63/166—Implementing security features at a particular protocol layer at the transport layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
    • H04L63/18—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security using different networks or channels, e.g. using out of band channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/321—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving a third party or a trusted authority
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3215—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using a plurality of channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
    • H04L9/3263—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials involving certificates, e.g. public key certificate [PKC] or attribute certificate [AC]; Public key infrastructure [PKI] arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/30—Preventing theft during charging
    • B60L2270/32—Preventing theft during charging of electricity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2209/00—Additional information or applications relating to cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communication H04L9/00
    • H04L2209/84—Vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
    • Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
    • Y04S30/14—Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a control unit for charging a rechargeable battery of an electric vehicle by an authorized charging station.
  • Electric vehicles may have one or more accumulators ⁇ , store the charge with the aid of an electric motor is driven.
  • the battery of the electric vehicle is emptied and must be recharged.
  • the electric vehicle is connected to a charging station, which is connected to a power supply network, the charging station supplying the necessary energy for charging the battery.
  • the charging of the vehicle can be done via an electric cable or by means of induction coils.
  • the charging stations can be located, for example, in a parking lot for parking vehicles or at the edge of roads.
  • a driver whose electric vehicle requires charging of the battery installed in the vehicle connects his electric vehicle for charging, for example, to an electric charging station located at a roadside or a gas station.
  • Electric charging stations in contrast to petrol pumps, can be located next to petrol stations and at a large number of other possible sites, in particular parking garages and parking lots. Particularly in these cases, a driver may not know who operates the corresponding charging column and from which electricity supplier he actually obtains the required electricity.
  • the invention provides a method for charging a battery of a vehicle by an authorized charging station with the steps:
  • the first communication connection is protected cryptographically by means of TLS, SSL or IPsec.
  • the second communication link between the charging control unit of the vehicle and the authorization server is set up via the charging station.
  • the Ladesta ⁇ tion usually has a data connection with a data network, especially the Internet.
  • the second communication link between the charge control unit of the vehicle and the authorization server via the first communications link be ⁇ stands between the charge control unit of the vehicle and the charging station is constructed tunneled.
  • the second communication connection between the vehicle's charging control unit and the authorization server is also cryptographically protected.
  • the authorization check result sent from the authorization server to the charging control unit of the vehicle has filter rules for the data communication via the first communication link between the charging control unit of the vehicle and the charging station.
  • control signals or control data for activating such filter rules can be transmitted by the charging control unit of the vehicle.
  • These filter rules can be stored, for example, in a data memory of the vehicle be to which the charging control unit of the vehicle has access.
  • the authorization check result sent by the authorization server to the charging control unit of the vehicle has charge rules for controlling the charging process for charging the vehicle by the charging station.
  • the charging rules themselves also control data or control signals for the activation of such charging rules by the charge control unit of the vehicle can be transmitted from the authorization server to the charge control unit of the vehicle via the second Kommunikati ⁇ onsthetic.
  • These charging rules can also be located in a data memory of the vehicle on which the charging control unit of the vehicle has access.
  • the charging control unit charges an accumulator contained in the vehicle as a function of the received charging rules or the locally activated charging rules by means of an electrical energy transmitted from the charging station to the vehicle.
  • the charging station charges the battery of the vehicle via a charging cable, which is connected to a current terminal of the Fahrzeu ⁇ sat.
  • the charging station charges the battery of the vehicle by inductive energy transmission by means of induction coils.
  • the first communication connection between the charging control unit of the vehicle and the charging station is established via a power charging cable by means of power line communication (PLC).
  • PLC power line communication
  • the first communication connection between the charging control unit of the vehicle and the charging station is established via a data line running parallel to the charging cable or parallel to a charging cable in the charging cable.
  • the invention further provides a charging control unit with the features specified in claim 13.
  • the invention provides a charging control unit for a vehicle for charging a battery of the vehicle by a charging station authorized for this purpose
  • the charging control unit transmits the preliminarily verified Zerti ⁇ fikat or extracted therefrom check information to an authentication server to determine a result autorubensprüf- which receives the charging station control unit of the authorization server,
  • the charge control unit of the invention charges in a controlled by the charge control unit charging a battery of the vehicle via a charging cable or by means of inductive energy ⁇ transmission corresponding charging rules from the authorization server with the autorubensprüfieri to the load Control unit are transmitted or which are activated by the control drive data transmitted together with the Autorization result by the charging control unit.
  • the first communication connection between the charging control unit of the vehicle and the charging station via a parallel to the charging cable ⁇ running or integrated in the charging cable to a charging line parallel data line.
  • the first communication ⁇ connection between the charging control unit of the vehicle and the charging station via a radio interface in particular
  • Fig. 1 is a flowchart for illustrating a
  • FIG. 2 shows a signal diagram to illustrate an operation of the method according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram for illustrating the func ⁇ ongar of the charging control unit according to the invention.
  • the invention shown SSE method consists of loading a vehicle with a bumper to ⁇ rête loading station essentially consists of four steps Sl to S4.
  • a first cryptographically protected communication link KV1 is established between a charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F and the charging station LS after successful preliminary verification of a digital certificate Z of the charging station LS by the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F.
  • a possible exporting ⁇ approximate shape the vehicle initially registers with a user ID of the vehicle or the vehicle owner at the loading station LS and there is first a unilateral Authentisie- tion of the loading station LS. The vehicle receives this from the La ⁇ destation LS, a digital certificate Z of the loading station LS, which is checked ⁇ by the charge control unit of the vehicle LSE ge.
  • the vehicle can establish a secure or cryptographically secured communication connection to the charging station LS by means of IKE / IPsec or TLS, which authenticates itself by means of the digital certificate to the vehicle after successful verification of the certificate Z.
  • the vehicle transmits the user ID of the vehicle or the vehicle owner only after the cryptographically secured communications connection is established ⁇ KV1 to the loading station LS using the verified certificate Z of the loading station LS.
  • the structure of the cryptographically secured connection KV1 to the charging station is thereby completed successfully, that the IKE protocol and the TLS protocol is successfully pick ⁇ closed and treated authenticated by the vehicle as at ⁇ rich the charging station, even if the certificate of the laser deklale not yet been checked by the vehicle final.
  • a second communication connection ⁇ KV2 between the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle and an authorization server AS of the charging stations is established, as is also shown in Fig. 2.
  • this second communication link KV2 is set up between the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle and the authorization server AS via the charging station LS.
  • the charging station LS is connected via a data network, such as the Internet, with the authorization server AS.
  • the second communication link KV2 is constructed tunneled between the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle and the authorization server AS via the first communication link KV1, which already exists between the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F and the charging station LS. This tunnel connection thus forms a part of the second communication link KV2 as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the second communication link KV2 may be established as a separate data connection to the authorization server AS. If the vehicle F has a radio module, for example, the second communication connection KV2 can be set up for example via a mobile radio access network and a corresponding backend network to the authorization server AS. In this embodiment, the second communication link KV2 thus does not extend beyond the charging station LS. This execution ⁇ form has to further increase the security against Mani ⁇ populations of the charging station LS the advantage. In one possible embodiment, the second communication link KV2 between the charging station LSE of the vehicle F and the authorization server AS is also cryptographically protected.
  • Fig. 1 in a further step S3, it is provisionally verified digital certificate Z of La ⁇ destation LS or extracted therefrom check information from the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F on the réellebau ⁇ te second communication link KV2 to the authorization Server AS for charging stations sent or transmitted.
  • the authorization server AS an authorization check of the charging station LS is carried out on the basis of the received check information or the received certificate Z.
  • the authoritarianism s istsprüfer thus checks the validity of the digital Zer ⁇ tifikates Z and can also check whether the owner of the vehicle must use this charging station LS.
  • the authorization server AS is the authorization server of an electricity provider.
  • the authorization server AS may be an authorization server of a clearing house, which offset the electricity purchased by customers various ⁇ Dener power company. If the received provisionally verified digital certificate Z of the charging station LS is actually valid and the vehicle owner is authorized to receive power through this charging station LS, the authorization server AS sends a corresponding authorization check result APE to the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F in a step S4
  • the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F controls a charging process for charging the vehicle by the charging station LS in dependence on the received authorization check result APE.
  • the authorization check result APE authorizes the charging process at this charging station LS.
  • a first secure communication link KV1 between the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F, and the loading station LS constructed, wherein finally only in the wake of the Si ⁇ cherheitsparameter, that is, for example, a digital certificate Z being checked.
  • the digital certificate Z of the charging station LS is part of the charging control unit LSE preliminarily verified, however, depends the application policy of realized application, meaning that the charging process of the digital certificate Z from which is finally examined by the Au ⁇ tor Deutschensserver AS.
  • An advantage of the method according to the invention is that information data, which charging stations LS may be used by the vehicle F and which restrictions are to be adhered thereto, are not kept in a memory of the vehicle F. have to.
  • the inventive method comprises gesende- from the authentication server AS to the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F in step S3 te Autormaschinesprüfumble APE filter rules FR for Because ⁇ tenkommunikation via the first communication link KV1 between the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F, and the charging station LS on.
  • the authorization server AS can also transmit control signals or control data for activating such filter rules FR by the charge control unit LSE within the vehicle F via the second communication link KV2.
  • the charge control unit of the LSE driving tool ⁇ F then reads out the activated filter rules FR for the data communication from a local data storage of the vehicle F.
  • the filter rules FR may indicate whether the communication connection is allowed or denied.
  • Further possible filter rules FR can relate to addresses, protocols or ports. It is also possible that the filter rules FR contain application protocol filter rules, for example permitted http or web service commands.
  • the inventive method has from the authentication server AS to the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F to sent car ⁇ r Deutschensprüfumble APE charging rules LR for controlling the charging process for charging the vehicle F by the Ladestati ⁇ on LS.
  • the authori- S istsserver AS also control signals or control data for the activation of such charging rules LR to the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F via the second communication link KV2 transmitted.
  • the charging control unit LSE activates the corresponding charging rules LR locally as a function of the received control signals, for example by reading them out of a local data memory.
  • the charging control unit LSE charges an accumulator AK contained in the vehicle F as a function of the received or activated charging rules
  • the loading rules LR can indicate, for example, with which charging characteristic the accumulator AK of the vehicle F is loaded. For example, a temporal course of the charging process can be specified by the charging rules LR.
  • the charging rules LR it is possible to take into account the nature or the type of3.2akkumulators AK during charging to prevent, for example, damage to or destruction ofhariakkumulators AK, especially in fast to ⁇ lem charging.
  • the filter rules FR for data communication and charging rules LR received for controlling the charging operation in step S4 it may, depending on the are received, ⁇ genes autorubensprüfdiess APE charging of the vehicle F by the Control charging station LS specifically.
  • the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F sends a request signal to the charging station LS via the first communication link KV1 to initiate a charging cycle LZ.
  • the accumulator AK is charged by the charging station LS with current I or charge Q.
  • the amount of electricity received can be specified by means of a token provided by the authorization server AS.
  • the charge control unit LSE confirms the amount of energy received from the charging station LS in a signed form. The amount of energy provided by the charging station LS in the charging cycle is determined by a possible The charging station LS is reported to the authorization server AS in order to settle charges.
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram for explaining the mode of operation of a charging control unit LSE according to the invention, which is located inside a vehicle F.
  • the charging control unit LSE has a calculation unit for preliminary Ve ⁇ rown a message received from a loading station LS digital certificate Z.
  • the charge control unit LSE is closed at a communication interface, or an interface circuit in ⁇ over which a data connection to the loading station LS can be constructed ,
  • the charging control unit LSE receives a digital certificate Z from the charging station LS via the first communication link KV1 via this interface.
  • the charge control unit LSE sends via the same or a different interface of this preliminarily verified digital cerium ⁇ tificate Z after establishment of a second communication link KV2 to the authentication server AS.
  • the charging control unit LFE controls the charging process for charging a Akkumu ⁇ lators AK F of the vehicle through the loading station LS.
  • the charge control unit LSE for example, control a charge controller R present in the vehicle F, which is provided between a power connection A and the rechargeable battery AK to be charged.
  • a plug S of a charging cable LK of the charging station LS is plugged into the power connection A of the vehicle F.
  • the supplied from the charging station LS via the power charging cable LK current I passes through the power connector A and a Stromlei ⁇ tion to the current controller or charge controller R and loads in response to a charging control signal CRTL the accumulator AK of the vehicle F.
  • the charging can, taking into account Loading rules LR done, which are read from a local pei- rather the vehicle F through the charging control unit LSE ⁇ .
  • Connection KV1 between the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F and the charging station LS are located.
  • the charge control unit LSE can have one or more microprocessors for executing a corresponding charge program.
  • the loader may be in a program memory.
  • the energy is transferred from the charging station LS to the accumulator AK via a current charging cable LK.
  • the current I can also be transmitted inductively from the charging station LS to the charge controller R by means of induction coils.
  • the two communication connections KV1 and KV2 are established via the same interface.
  • ⁇ form the two communication links via separate different data interfaces are built.
  • the construction of the first communication link KV1 as shown in FIG. 3 takes place ones shown, provides, not via a data interface, but through the charging cable ⁇ LK means of power line communication PLC.
  • the first and second communication links can be established over a wireless or wired interface.
  • the illustrated in Fig. 3 accumulator AK of the vehicle F is interchangeable in a possible embodiment.
  • the charge control unit of the vehicle F LSE he can know the type of the installed battery ⁇ AK, for example, based on a provided on the battery AK electronic identification. This recognized
  • Type of accumulator AK can be reported to the authorization server AS to select the loading rules LR.
  • the loading rules LR are either transmitted from the authorization server AS with the authorization check result APE via the second communication link KV2 to the vehicle F or read out from the local data memory by the loading control unit LSE after receiving a corresponding selection command.
  • this charge control unit LSE is integrated in an exchangeable accumulator AK of the vehicle F.
  • thisgglingak- kumulator addition to the memory cells and a charge regulator R and a charging control unit LSE which has a data interface ⁇ .
  • the invention thus also provides an intelligent vehicle accumulator AK with integrated charging control unit LSE for charging the vehicle accumulator AK by an authorized charging station LS.
  • Thisghiakkumu ⁇ lator AK can be divided into different types of vehicles F-install ⁇ s, such as motor vehicles, especially passenger cars, trucks or buses.
  • the electric vehicle F may, for example, also be a golf cart.
  • the vehicle F may also be an electric watercraft or a vehicle
  • the procedural ⁇ ren invention and the charging control unit LSE invention are thus versatile.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method for charging a vehicle battery by means of an authorized charging station. A first cryptographically protected communication link is first of all set up between a charging control unit of the vehicle and the charging station after successful preliminary verification of a digital certificate for the charging station by the charging control unit of the vehicle. A second communication link is then set up between the charging control unit of the vehicle and an authorization server for charging stations. The charging control unit transmits the preliminarily verified digital certificate for the charging station or an item of checking information extracted therefrom to the authorization server for charging stations via the second communication link which has been set up, which information is used by the authorization server to carry out an authorization check on the respective charging station. Finally, an authorization check result is transmitted from the authorization server to the charging control unit of the vehicle via the second communication link, which charging control unit controls a charging operation for charging the vehicle battery by means of the charging station on the basis of the received authorization check result. The charging method and the charging control unit allow electric vehicle batteries to be charged by means of charging stations in a largely tamper-proof and reliable manner.

Description

Beschreibung description
Verfahren und Steuereinheit zum Laden eines Fahrzeugakkumula¬ tors Method and control unit for charging a Fahrzeugakkumula ¬ sector
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Steuereinheit zum Laden eines Akkumulators eines Elektrofahrzeuges durch eine autorisierte Ladestation. Elektrofahrzeuge können eine oder mehrere Akkumulatoren auf¬ weisen, die Ladung speichern mit deren Hilfe ein Elektromotor angetrieben wird. Im Fahrzeugbetrieb wird der Akkumulator des Elektrofahrzeuges entleert und muss wieder aufgeladen werden. Dazu wird das Elektrofahrzeug an eine Ladesäule angeschlos- sen, die mit einem Stromversorgungsnetzwerk verbunden ist, wobei die Ladesäule die notwendige Energie zum Aufladen des Akkumulators liefert. Das Aufladen des Fahrzeuges kann über ein Elektrokabel oder mittels Induktionsspulen erfolgen. Die Ladesäulen können sich beispielsweise auf einem Parkplatz zum Abstellen von Fahrzeugen oder am Rand von Straßen befinden. Ein Fahrer, dessen Elektrofahrzeug eine Aufladung des in dem Fahrzeug eingebauten Akkumulators benötigt, schließt sein Elektrofahrzeug zum Aufladen beispielsweise an eine an einem Straßenrand oder einer Tankstelle befindliche Elektro- Ladesäule an. Elektro-Ladesäulen können sich im Gegensatz zu Benzinzapfsäulen neben Tankstellen auch an einer Vielzahl weiterer möglicher Aufstellungsorte befinden, insbesondere Parkhäuser und Parkplätze. Besonders in diesen Fällen weiß ein Fahrer möglicherweise nicht, wer die entsprechende Lade- säule betreibt und von welchem Stromanbieter er den benötigten Strom tatsächlich bezieht. The invention relates to a method and a control unit for charging a rechargeable battery of an electric vehicle by an authorized charging station. Electric vehicles may have one or more accumulators ¬, store the charge with the aid of an electric motor is driven. In vehicle operation, the battery of the electric vehicle is emptied and must be recharged. For this purpose, the electric vehicle is connected to a charging station, which is connected to a power supply network, the charging station supplying the necessary energy for charging the battery. The charging of the vehicle can be done via an electric cable or by means of induction coils. The charging stations can be located, for example, in a parking lot for parking vehicles or at the edge of roads. A driver whose electric vehicle requires charging of the battery installed in the vehicle connects his electric vehicle for charging, for example, to an electric charging station located at a roadside or a gas station. Electric charging stations, in contrast to petrol pumps, can be located next to petrol stations and at a large number of other possible sites, in particular parking garages and parking lots. Particularly in these cases, a driver may not know who operates the corresponding charging column and from which electricity supplier he actually obtains the required electricity.
Es besteht daher die Gefahr, dass durch Dritte manipulierte Ladesäulen aufgestellt werden bzw. bestehende Ladesäulen ma- nipuliert werden, welche den Akkumulator des Fahrzeugs mit einer geringeren Strommenge bzw. Ladungsmenge aufladen als dem Fahrer durch die Ladesäule mitgeteilt wird. Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren und eine Steuervorrichtung zum Laden eines Akkumulators eines Fahrzeuges zu schaffen, welche die Sicherheit gegenüber derartigen Manipulationen erhöhen. There is therefore a danger that charging stations manipulated by third parties will be set up or existing charging stations loaded which will charge the accumulator of the vehicle with a smaller amount of current or amount of charge than the charging station will inform the driver. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method and a control device for charging a battery of a vehicle, which increase the security against such manipulations.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Verfahren mit den im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst. This object is achieved by a method having the features specified in claim 1.
Die Erfindung schafft ein Verfahren zum Laden eines Akkumula- tors eines Fahrzeuges durch eine autorisierte Ladestation mit den Schritten: The invention provides a method for charging a battery of a vehicle by an authorized charging station with the steps:
Aufbauen einer ersten kryptographisch geschützten Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen einer Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeu- ges und der Ladestation nach erfolgreicher vorläufiger Verifizierung eines digitalen Zertifikates der Ladestation durch die Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges; Establishing a first cryptographically protected communication connection between a charging control unit of the vehicle and the charging station after successful preliminary verification of a digital certificate of the charging station by the charging control unit of the vehicle;
Aufbauen einer zweiten Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges und einem Autorisierungsser- ver für Ladestationen; Establishing a second communication connection between the charging control unit of the vehicle and an authorization server for charging stations;
Senden des vorläufig verifizierten digitalen Zertifikates der Ladestation oder einer daraus extrahierten PrüfInformation von der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeugs über die aufgebaute zweite Kommunikationsverbindung zu dem Autorisierungsserver für Ladestationen, anhand welcher der Autorisierungsserver eine Autorisierungsprüfung der jeweiligen Ladestation durchführt; und Sending the tentatively verified digital certificate of the charging station or a check information extracted therefrom from the charging control unit of the vehicle via the established second communication connection to the charging station authorization server, on the basis of which the authorization server performs an authorization check of the respective charging station; and
Senden eines Autorisierungsprüfergebnisses von dem Autorisie¬ rungsserver über die zweite Kommunikationsverbindung zu der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges, welche in Abhängigkeit des empfangenen Autorisierungsprüfergebnisses einen Ladevorgang zum Laden des Akkumulators des Fahrzeuges durch die Ladesta¬ tion steuert. Bei einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die erste Kommunikationsverbindung mittels TLS, SSL oder IPsec kryptographisch geschützt. Sending a Autorisierungsprüfergebnisses from the auto-docking s ¬ approximately server via the second communication link to the charge control unit of the vehicle, which controls a charging process for charging the battery of the vehicle through the Ladesta ¬ tion as a function of the received Autorisierungsprüfergebnisses. In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, the first communication connection is protected cryptographically by means of TLS, SSL or IPsec.
Bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die zweite Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges und dem Autorisierungs- server über die Ladestation aufgebaut. In one possible embodiment of the method according to the invention, the second communication link between the charging control unit of the vehicle and the authorization server is set up via the charging station.
Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird ausgenutzt, dass die Ladesta¬ tion üblicherweise über eine Datenverbindung mit einem Datennetzwerk, insbesondere dem Internet, verfügt. In this embodiment exploits the fact that the Ladesta ¬ tion usually has a data connection with a data network, especially the Internet.
Bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die zweite Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges und dem Autorisierungs- server über die erste Kommunikationsverbindung, die zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges und der Ladestation be¬ steht, getunnelt aufgebaut. In a possible embodiment of the inventive method, the second communication link between the charge control unit of the vehicle and the authorization server via the first communications link be ¬ stands between the charge control unit of the vehicle and the charging station is constructed tunneled.
Bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die zweite Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges und dem Autorisierungs- server ebenfalls kryptographisch geschützt. In one possible embodiment of the method according to the invention, the second communication connection between the vehicle's charging control unit and the authorization server is also cryptographically protected.
Bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens weist das von dem Autorisierungsserver zu der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges gesendete Autorisierungsprüf- ergebnis Filterregeln für die Datenkommunikation über die erste Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges und der Ladestation auf. In one possible embodiment of the method according to the invention, the authorization check result sent from the authorization server to the charging control unit of the vehicle has filter rules for the data communication via the first communication link between the charging control unit of the vehicle and the charging station.
Anstatt der Filterregeln selbst können bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform Steuersignale bzw. Steuerdaten zur Aktivierung derartiger Filterregeln durch die Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges übertragen werden. Diese Filterregeln können beispielsweise in einem Datenspeicher des Fahrzeuges abgelegt sein, auf den die Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges Zugriff hat . Instead of the filter rules themselves, in one possible embodiment, control signals or control data for activating such filter rules can be transmitted by the charging control unit of the vehicle. These filter rules can be stored, for example, in a data memory of the vehicle be to which the charging control unit of the vehicle has access.
Bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens weist das von dem Autorisierungsserver zu der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges gesendete Autorisierungsprüf- ergebnis Laderegeln zur Steuerung des Ladevorganges zum Laden des Fahrzeuges durch die Ladestation auf. Alternativ zu den Laderegeln selbst können auch Steuerdaten bzw. Steuersignale zur Aktivierung derartiger Laderegeln durch die Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges von dem Autorisierungsserver zu der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges über die zweite Kommunikati¬ onsverbindung übertragen werden. Diese Laderegeln können sich ebenfalls in einem Datenspeicher des Fahrzeuges befinden, auf dem die Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges Zugriff hat. In one possible embodiment of the method according to the invention, the authorization check result sent by the authorization server to the charging control unit of the vehicle has charge rules for controlling the charging process for charging the vehicle by the charging station. As an alternative to the charging rules themselves also control data or control signals for the activation of such charging rules by the charge control unit of the vehicle can be transmitted from the authorization server to the charge control unit of the vehicle via the second Kommunikati ¬ onsverbindung. These charging rules can also be located in a data memory of the vehicle on which the charging control unit of the vehicle has access.
Bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens lädt die Ladesteuereinheit einen in dem Fahrzeug enthaltenen Akkumulator in Abhängigkeit von den empfangenen Laderegeln oder den lokal aktivierten Laderegeln mittels einer von der Ladestation an das Fahrzeug übertragenen elektrischen Energie. In one possible embodiment of the method according to the invention, the charging control unit charges an accumulator contained in the vehicle as a function of the received charging rules or the locally activated charging rules by means of an electrical energy transmitted from the charging station to the vehicle.
Bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens lädt die Ladestation den Akkumulator des Fahrzeugs über ein Ladekabel, das mit einem Stromanschluss des Fahrzeu¬ ges verbunden ist. In one possible embodiment of the method according to the invention the charging station charges the battery of the vehicle via a charging cable, which is connected to a current terminal of the Fahrzeu ¬ sat.
Bei einer alternativen Ausführungsform lädt die Ladestation den Akkumulator des Fahrzeuges durch induktive Energieübertragung mittels Induktionsspulen. In an alternative embodiment, the charging station charges the battery of the vehicle by inductive energy transmission by means of induction coils.
Bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die erste Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges und der Ladestation über ein Stromladekabel mittels Power Line Communication (PLC) hergestellt . Bei einer alternativen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die erste Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges und der Ladestation über ein zu dem Ladekabel parallel verlaufende bzw. einer im Lade- kabel integrierten zu einer Ladeleitung parallel laufenden Datenleitung hergestellt. In one possible embodiment of the method according to the invention, the first communication connection between the charging control unit of the vehicle and the charging station is established via a power charging cable by means of power line communication (PLC). In an alternative embodiment of the method according to the invention, the first communication connection between the charging control unit of the vehicle and the charging station is established via a data line running parallel to the charging cable or parallel to a charging cable in the charging cable.
Bei einer weiteren möglichen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die erste Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges und der Lade¬ station über eine Funkschnittstelle, beispielsweise WLAN, hergestellt . In a further possible embodiment of the method according to the invention, the first communication connection between the charging control unit of the vehicle and the charging ¬ station via a radio interface, such as WLAN, made.
Die Erfindung schafft ferner eine Ladesteuereinheit mit den in Patentanspruch 13 angegebenen Merkmalen. The invention further provides a charging control unit with the features specified in claim 13.
Die Erfindung schafft eine Ladesteuereinheit für ein Fahrzeug zum Laden eines Akkumulators des Fahrzeuges durch eine dazu autorisierte Ladestation mit The invention provides a charging control unit for a vehicle for charging a battery of the vehicle by a charging station authorized for this purpose
einer Berechnungseinheit zur vorläufigen Verifizierung eines von der Ladestation empfangenen digitalen Zertifikates der Ladestation, a calculation unit for the preliminary verification of a digital certificate of the charging station received by the charging station,
wobei die Ladesteuereinheit das vorläufig verifizierte Zerti¬ fikat oder eine daraus extrahierte PrüfInformation an einen Autorisierungsserver zur Ermittlung eines Autorisierungsprüf- ergebnisses überträgt, welches die Ladestationsteuereinheit von dem Autorisierungsserver empfängt, wherein the charging control unit transmits the preliminarily verified Zerti ¬ fikat or extracted therefrom check information to an authentication server to determine a result Autorisierungsprüf- which receives the charging station control unit of the authorization server,
wobei die Ladesteuereinheit in Abhängigkeit von dem empfange¬ nen Autorisierungsprüfergebnis einen Ladevorgang zum Laden des Akkumulators des Fahrzeuges durch die Ladestation steu¬ ert . wherein the charge control unit in response to the receive ¬ NEN Autorisierungsprüfergebnis a charging process for charging the battery of the vehicle through the charging station steu ¬ ert.
Bei einer Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ladesteuereinheit lädt die Ladestation in einem durch die Ladesteuer- einheit gesteuerten Ladevorgang einen Akkumulator des Fahrzeuges über ein Ladekabel oder mittels induktiver Energie¬ übertragung entsprechend Laderegeln, die von dem Autorisierungsserver mit dem Autorisierungsprüfergebnis an die Lade- Steuereinheit übertragen werden oder die durch mit dem Auto- risierungsprüfergebnis zusammen übertragenen Steuerdaten durch die Ladesteuereinheit aktiviert werden. Bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ladesteuereinheit besteht die erste Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges und der Lade¬ station über ein Ladekabel, wobei die Datenübertragung mittels Powerline Communication PLC erfolgt. In one embodiment, the charge control unit of the invention the charging station charges in a controlled by the charge control unit charging a battery of the vehicle via a charging cable or by means of inductive energy ¬ transmission corresponding charging rules from the authorization server with the Autorisierungsprüfergebnis to the load Control unit are transmitted or which are activated by the control drive data transmitted together with the Autorization result by the charging control unit. In a possible embodiment of the charging control unit according to the invention, the first communication connection between the charging control unit of the vehicle and the charging ¬ station via a charging cable, wherein the data transmission takes place by means of Powerline Communication PLC.
Bei einer alternativen Ausführungsform besteht die erste Kommunikationsverbindung zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges und der Ladestation über ein zu dem Ladekabel pa¬ rallel verlaufende bzw. einer im Ladekabel integrierten zu einer Ladeleitung parallel laufenden Datenleitung. In an alternative embodiment, the first communication connection between the charging control unit of the vehicle and the charging station via a parallel to the charging cable ¬ running or integrated in the charging cable to a charging line parallel data line.
Bei einer weiteren möglichen Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ladesteuereinheit besteht die erste Kommunikations¬ verbindung zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit des Fahrzeuges und der Ladestation über eine Funkschnittstelle, insbesondereIn a further possible embodiment of the charging control unit according to the invention, the first communication ¬ connection between the charging control unit of the vehicle and the charging station via a radio interface, in particular
WLAN. WIRELESS INTERNET ACCESS.
Im Weiteren werden Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und erfindungsgemäßen Steuereinheit zum Laden ei- nes Fahrzeuges eine autorisierte Ladestation unter Bezug auf die beigefügten Figuren beschrieben. In the following, embodiments of the method according to the invention and the control unit according to the invention for charging a vehicle an authorized charging station will be described with reference to the attached figures.
Es zeigen: Show it:
Fig. 1 ein Ablaufdiagramm zur Darstellung einer Fig. 1 is a flowchart for illustrating a
chen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ;  Chen embodiment of the method according to the invention;
Fig. 2 ein Signaldiagramm zur Darstellung einer Funktionsweise des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens; FIG. 2 shows a signal diagram to illustrate an operation of the method according to the invention; FIG.
Fig. 3 ein Blockschaltbild zur Darstellung der Funkti¬ onsweise der erfindungsgemäßen Ladesteuereinheit. Wie man aus Fig. 1 erkennen kann, besteht das erfindungsgemä¬ ße Verfahren zum Laden eines Fahrzeuges durch eine dazu auto¬ risierte Ladestation im Wesentlichen aus vier Schritten Sl bis S4. Fig. 3 is a block diagram for illustrating the func ¬ onsweise of the charging control unit according to the invention. As can be seen from Fig. 1, the invention shown SSE method consists of loading a vehicle with a bumper to ¬ risierte loading station essentially consists of four steps Sl to S4.
In einem ersten Schritt Sl wird eine erste kryptographisch geschützte Kommunikationsverbindung KV1 zwischen einer Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges F und der Ladestation LS nach erfolgreicher vorläufiger Verifizierung eines digitalen Zertifikates Z der Ladestation LS durch die Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges F aufgebaut. Bei einer möglichen Ausfüh¬ rungsform meldet sich das Fahrzeug zunächst mit einer User ID des Fahrzeuges oder des Fahrzeughalters bei der Ladestation LS an und es erfolgt zunächst eine unilaterale Authentisie- rung der Ladestation LS. Das Fahrzeug erhält dazu von der La¬ destation LS ein digitales Zertifikat Z der Ladestation LS, welches seitens der Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges ge¬ prüft wird. Das Fahrzeug kann beispielsweise mittels IKE / IPsec oder TLS eine gesicherte bzw. kryptographisch gesicherte Kommunikationsverbindung zu der Ladesäule LS aufbauen, die sich mittels des digitalen Zertifikates gegenüber dem Fahrzeug nach erfolgreicher Verifizierung des Zertifikates Z au- thentisiert. In einer alternativen Variante überträgt das Fahrzeug die User ID des Fahrzeugs oder des Fahrzeughalters erst, nachdem die kryptographisch gesicherte Kommunikations¬ verbindung KV1 zur Ladestation LS unter Verwendung des verifizierten Zertifikats Z der Ladestation LS aufgebaut ist. Der Aufbau der kryptographisch gesicherten Verbindung KV1 zur Ladestation wird dabei erfolgreich abgeschlossen, d.h. das IKE-Protokoll bzw. das TLS-Protokoll wird erfolgreich abge¬ schlossen und die Ladestation durch das Fahrzeug als erfolg¬ reich authentisiert behandelt, obwohl das Zertifikat der La- desäule noch nicht durch das Fahrzeug abschließend geprüft worden ist. In einem zweiten Schritt S2 wird eine zweite Kommunikations¬ verbindung KV2 zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges und einem Autorisierungsserver AS der Ladestationen aufgebaut, wie auch in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist. Bei einer mög- liehen Ausführungsform wird diese zweite Kommunikationsverbindung KV2 zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges und dem Autorisierungsserver AS über die Ladestation LS aufgebaut. Die Ladestation LS ist dabei über ein Datennetzwerk, beispielsweise das Internet, mit dem Autorisierungsserver AS verbunden. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform wird die zweite Kommunikationsverbindung KV2 zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges und dem Autorisierungsserver AS über die erste Kommunikationsverbindung KV1, die bereits zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges F und der Ladestation LS besteht, getunnelt aufgebaut. Diese Tunnelverbindung bildet somit eine Teilstrecke der zweiten Kommunikationsverbindung KV2 wie dies in Fig. 2 dargestellt ist. In a first step S1, a first cryptographically protected communication link KV1 is established between a charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F and the charging station LS after successful preliminary verification of a digital certificate Z of the charging station LS by the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F. In a possible exporting ¬ approximate shape the vehicle initially registers with a user ID of the vehicle or the vehicle owner at the loading station LS and there is first a unilateral Authentisie- tion of the loading station LS. The vehicle receives this from the La ¬ destation LS, a digital certificate Z of the loading station LS, which is checked ¬ by the charge control unit of the vehicle LSE ge. By way of example, the vehicle can establish a secure or cryptographically secured communication connection to the charging station LS by means of IKE / IPsec or TLS, which authenticates itself by means of the digital certificate to the vehicle after successful verification of the certificate Z. In an alternative variant, the vehicle transmits the user ID of the vehicle or the vehicle owner only after the cryptographically secured communications connection is established ¬ KV1 to the loading station LS using the verified certificate Z of the loading station LS. The structure of the cryptographically secured connection KV1 to the charging station is thereby completed successfully, that the IKE protocol and the TLS protocol is successfully abge ¬ closed and treated authenticated by the vehicle as at ¬ rich the charging station, even if the certificate of the laser desäule not yet been checked by the vehicle final. In a second step S2, a second communication connection ¬ KV2 between the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle and an authorization server AS of the charging stations is established, as is also shown in Fig. 2. In one possible embodiment, this second communication link KV2 is set up between the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle and the authorization server AS via the charging station LS. The charging station LS is connected via a data network, such as the Internet, with the authorization server AS. In a further embodiment, the second communication link KV2 is constructed tunneled between the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle and the authorization server AS via the first communication link KV1, which already exists between the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F and the charging station LS. This tunnel connection thus forms a part of the second communication link KV2 as shown in Fig. 2.
Bei einer alternativen Ausführungsform kann die zweite Kommu- nikationsverbindung KV2 als eine separate Datenverbindung zu dem Autorisierungsserver AS aufgebaut werden. Verfügt das Fahrzeug F beispielsweise über ein Funkmodul, kann die zweite Kommunikationsverbindung KV2 beispielsweise über ein Mobil- funkzugangsnetzwerk und ein entsprechendes Backend-Netzwerk zu dem Autorisierungsserver AS aufgebaut werden. Bei dieser Ausführungsform verläuft die zweite Kommunikationsverbindung KV2 somit nicht über die Ladestation LS. Diese Ausführungs¬ form hat den Vorteil, dass sie die Sicherheit gegenüber Mani¬ pulationen der Ladestation LS weiter erhöht. Bei einer mögli- chen Ausführungsform ist die zweite Kommunikationsverbindung KV2 zwischen der Ladestation LSE des Fahrzeuges F und dem Autorisierungsserver AS ebenfalls kryptographisch geschützt. In an alternative embodiment, the second communication link KV2 may be established as a separate data connection to the authorization server AS. If the vehicle F has a radio module, for example, the second communication connection KV2 can be set up for example via a mobile radio access network and a corresponding backend network to the authorization server AS. In this embodiment, the second communication link KV2 thus does not extend beyond the charging station LS. This execution ¬ form has to further increase the security against Mani ¬ populations of the charging station LS the advantage. In one possible embodiment, the second communication link KV2 between the charging station LSE of the vehicle F and the authorization server AS is also cryptographically protected.
Bei einem weiteren Schritt S3, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt, wird das vorläufig verifizierte digitale Zertifikat Z der La¬ destation LS oder eine daraus extrahierte PrüfInformation von der Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges F über die aufgebau¬ te zweite Kommunikationsverbindung KV2 zu dem Autorisierungs- Server AS für Ladestationen gesendet bzw. übertragen. Beim Autorisierungsserver AS wird anhand der empfangenen Prüfinformation bzw. des empfangenen Zertifikates Z eine Autori- sierungsprüfung der Ladestation LS durchgeführt. Der Autori- sierungsprüfer prüft somit die Gültigkeit des digitalen Zer¬ tifikates Z und kann zusätzlich überprüfen, ob der Besitzer des Fahrzeuges diese Ladestation LS verwenden darf. Bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform ist der Autorisierungsserver AS der Autorisierungsserver eines Stromanbieters. Weiterhin kann der Autorisierungsserver AS ein Autorisierungsserver eines Clearing Houses sein, welches den Strombezug von Kunden verschie¬ dener Stromanbieter verrechnet. Ist das empfangene vorläufig verifizierte digitale Zertifikat Z der Ladestation LS tat¬ sächlich gültig und ist der Fahrzeugbesitzer zum Bezug von Strom durch diese Ladestation LS befugt, sendet der Autorisierungsserver AS ein entsprechendes Autorisierungsprüfergeb- nis APE in einem Schritt S4 zu der Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges F. Die Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges F steuert in Abhängigkeit des empfangenen Autorisierungsprüfer- gebnisses APE einen Ladevorgang zum Laden des Fahrzeuges durch die Ladestation LS. Das Autorisierungsprüfergebnis APE autorisiert den Ladevorgang an dieser Ladestation LS. As shown in Fig. 1 in a further step S3, it is provisionally verified digital certificate Z of La ¬ destation LS or extracted therefrom check information from the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F on the aufgebau ¬ te second communication link KV2 to the authorization Server AS for charging stations sent or transmitted. At the authorization server AS, an authorization check of the charging station LS is carried out on the basis of the received check information or the received certificate Z. The authoritarianism sierungsprüfer thus checks the validity of the digital Zer ¬ tifikates Z and can also check whether the owner of the vehicle must use this charging station LS. In one possible embodiment, the authorization server AS is the authorization server of an electricity provider. Furthermore, the authorization server AS may be an authorization server of a clearing house, which offset the electricity purchased by customers various ¬ Dener power company. If the received provisionally verified digital certificate Z of the charging station LS is actually valid and the vehicle owner is authorized to receive power through this charging station LS, the authorization server AS sends a corresponding authorization check result APE to the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F in a step S4 The charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F controls a charging process for charging the vehicle by the charging station LS in dependence on the received authorization check result APE. The authorization check result APE authorizes the charging process at this charging station LS.
Beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird, wie in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellt, eine erste gesicherte Kommunikationsverbindung KV1 zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges F und der Ladestation LS aufgebaut, wobei erst im Nachgang die Si¬ cherheitsparameter, das heißt beispielsweise ein digitales Zertifikat Z endgültig geprüft werden. Das digitale Zertifi- kat Z der Ladestation LS wird seitens der Ladesteuereinheit LSE vorläufig verifiziert, jedoch hängt die Anwendungspolicy der realisierten Anwendung, das heißt des Ladevorganges, von dem digitalen Zertifikat Z ab, welches endgültig von dem Au¬ torisierungsserver AS geprüft wird. Ein Vorteil des erfin- dungsgemäßen Verfahren besteht darin, dass Informationsdaten, welche Ladestationen LS durch das Fahrzeug F genutzt werden dürfen und welche Einschränkungen dabei einzuhalten sind nicht in einem Speicher des Fahrzeuges F vorgehalten werden müssen. Hierdurch wird der Verwaltungsaufwand zur Verwaltung von Daten signifikant reduziert. Weiterhin wird die Gefahr vermieden, dass die auf dem Fahrzeug F gespeicherten Daten veraltet sind. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren erfolgt eine zeitlich versetzte Authentisierung bzw. Berechtigungs¬ prüfung der Ladestation LS und eine anschließende Autorisie¬ rung bzw. Rechtevergabe. Durch die zeitlich versetzte Authen- tisierung/Autorisierung können Aktionen über eine bestehende kryptographisch geschützte Kommunikationsverbindung, insbe- sondere TLS-Verbindung, getriggert werden. In the inventive method, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, a first secure communication link KV1 between the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F, and the loading station LS constructed, wherein finally only in the wake of the Si ¬ cherheitsparameter, that is, for example, a digital certificate Z being checked. The digital certificate Z of the charging station LS is part of the charging control unit LSE preliminarily verified, however, depends the application policy of realized application, meaning that the charging process of the digital certificate Z from which is finally examined by the Au ¬ torisierungsserver AS. An advantage of the method according to the invention is that information data, which charging stations LS may be used by the vehicle F and which restrictions are to be adhered thereto, are not kept in a memory of the vehicle F. have to. This significantly reduces the administrative burden of managing data. Furthermore, the risk is avoided that the data stored on the vehicle F data are outdated. In the inventive method, a time-delayed authentication or authorization ¬ testing the loading station LS and a subsequent car docking s ¬ tion or assignment of rights occurs. The staggered authen- tication / authorization allows actions to be triggered via an existing cryptographically protected communication connection, in particular TLS connection.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens weist das von dem Autorisierungsserver AS zu der Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges F im Schritt S3 gesende- te Autorisierungsprüfergebnis APE Filterregeln FR für die Da¬ tenkommunikation über die erste Kommunikationsverbindung KV1 zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges F und der Ladestation LS auf. Anstatt der Filterregeln selbst können seitens des Autorisierungsservers AS auch Steuersignale bzw. Steuerdaten zur Aktivierung derartiger Filterregeln FR durch die Ladesteuereinheit LSE innerhalb des Fahrzeuges F über die zweite Kommunikationsverbindung KV2 übertragen werden. In diesem Falle liest dann die Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahr¬ zeuges F die aktivierten Filterregeln FR für die Datenkommu- nikation aus einem lokalen Datenspeicher des Fahrzeuges F aus. Die Filterregeln FR können zum Beispiel angeben, ob die Kommunikationsverbindung zugelassen oder gesperrt wird. Weitere mögliche Filterregeln FR können Adressen, Protokolle oder Ports betreffen. Weiterhin ist es möglich, dass die Fil- terregeln FR Anwendungsprotokollfilterregeln enthalten, beispielsweise zugelassene http- oder Webservice-Kommandos. In a preferred embodiment of the inventive method comprises gesende- from the authentication server AS to the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F in step S3 te Autorisierungsprüfergebnis APE filter rules FR for Because ¬ tenkommunikation via the first communication link KV1 between the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F, and the charging station LS on. Instead of the filter rules themselves, the authorization server AS can also transmit control signals or control data for activating such filter rules FR by the charge control unit LSE within the vehicle F via the second communication link KV2. In this case, the charge control unit of the LSE driving tool ¬ F then reads out the activated filter rules FR for the data communication from a local data storage of the vehicle F. For example, the filter rules FR may indicate whether the communication connection is allowed or denied. Further possible filter rules FR can relate to addresses, protocols or ports. It is also possible that the filter rules FR contain application protocol filter rules, for example permitted http or web service commands.
Bei einer weiteren möglichen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens weist das von dem Autorisierungsserver AS zu der Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges F gesendete Auto¬ risierungsprüfergebnis APE Laderegeln LR zur Steuerung des Ladevorganges zum Laden des Fahrzeuges F durch die Ladestati¬ on LS auf. Anstatt der Laderegeln LR selbst kann der Autori- sierungsserver AS auch Steuersignale bzw. Steuerdaten zur Aktivierung derartiger Laderegeln LR zu der Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges F über die zweite Kommunikationsverbindung KV2 übertragen. In diesem Fall werden durch die Ladesteuer- einheit LSE in Abhängigkeit der empfangenen Steuersignale die entsprechenden Laderegeln LR lokal aktiviert, indem sie beispielsweise aus einem lokalen Datenspeicher ausgelesen werden. Bei dieser Ausführungsform lädt die Ladesteuereinheit LSE einen in dem Fahrzeug F enthaltenen Akkumulator AK in Ab- hängigkeit von den empfangenen bzw. aktivierten LaderegelnIn a further possible embodiment of the inventive method has from the authentication server AS to the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F to sent car ¬ risierungsprüfergebnis APE charging rules LR for controlling the charging process for charging the vehicle F by the Ladestati ¬ on LS. Instead of the loading rules LR itself, the authori- Sierungsserver AS also control signals or control data for the activation of such charging rules LR to the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F via the second communication link KV2 transmitted. In this case, the charging control unit LSE activates the corresponding charging rules LR locally as a function of the received control signals, for example by reading them out of a local data memory. In this embodiment, the charging control unit LSE charges an accumulator AK contained in the vehicle F as a function of the received or activated charging rules
LR. Die Laderegeln LR können beispielsweise angeben, mit welcher Ladecharakteristik der Akkumulator AK der Fahrzeuges F geladen wird. Beispielsweise kann ein zeitlicher Verlauf des Ladevorganges durch die Laderegeln LR vorgegeben werden. LR. The loading rules LR can indicate, for example, with which charging characteristic the accumulator AK of the vehicle F is loaded. For example, a temporal course of the charging process can be specified by the charging rules LR.
Durch die Laderegeln LR ist es möglich die Art bzw. den Typ des Fahrzeugakkumulators AK beim Aufladevorgang zu berücksichtigen, um beispielsweise eine Beschädigung bzw. Zerstörung des Fahrzeugakkumulators AK, insbesondere bei zu schnel¬ lem Aufladen, zu verhindern. Nachdem die Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges F das Autorisierungsprüfergebnis APE ein¬ schließlich der Filterregeln FR für die Datenkommunikation und den Laderegeln LR zur Steuerung des Ladevorganges im Schritt S4 erhalten hat, kann sie in Abhängigkeit des empfan¬ genen Autorisierungsprüfergebnisses APE den Ladevorgang des Fahrzeuges F durch die Ladestation LS gezielt steuern. Wie in Fig. 2 dargestellt, sendet die Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges F über die erste Kommunikationsverbindung KV1 ein Aufforderungssignal an die Ladestation LS, um einen Ladezyklus LZ einzuleiten. Bei diesem Ladezyklus LZ wird der Akkumu- lator AK durch die Ladestation LS mit Strom I bzw. Ladung Q aufgeladen. Bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform kann die bezogene Strommenge mittels eines von dem Autorisierungsserver AS bereitgestellten Tokens angegeben werden. Bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform bestätigt die Ladesteuereinheit LSE die von der Ladestation LS empfangene Energiemenge in signierter Form. Die von der Ladestation LS in dem Ladezyklus bereitgestellte Energiemenge wird bei einer mögli- chen Ausführungsform von der Ladestation LS an den Autorisie- rungsserver AS gemeldet, um eine Verrechnung vorzunehmen. By the charging rules LR it is possible to take into account the nature or the type of Fahrzeugakkumulators AK during charging to prevent, for example, damage to or destruction of Fahrzeugakkumulators AK, especially in fast to ¬ lem charging. After the charge control unit LSE of the vehicle F, the Autorisierungsprüfergebnis APE ¬ finally the filter rules FR for data communication and charging rules LR received for controlling the charging operation in step S4, it may, depending on the are received, ¬ genes Autorisierungsprüfergebnisses APE charging of the vehicle F by the Control charging station LS specifically. As shown in Fig. 2, the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F sends a request signal to the charging station LS via the first communication link KV1 to initiate a charging cycle LZ. In this charging cycle LZ, the accumulator AK is charged by the charging station LS with current I or charge Q. In one possible embodiment, the amount of electricity received can be specified by means of a token provided by the authorization server AS. In one possible embodiment, the charge control unit LSE confirms the amount of energy received from the charging station LS in a signed form. The amount of energy provided by the charging station LS in the charging cycle is determined by a possible The charging station LS is reported to the authorization server AS in order to settle charges.
Fig. 3 zeigt ein Blockschaltbild zum Erläutern der Funktions- weise einer erfindungsgemäßen Ladesteuereinheit LSE, die sich innerhalb eines Fahrzeuges F befindet. Die Ladesteuereinheit LSE verfügt über eine Berechnungseinheit zur vorläufigen Ve¬ rifizierung einer von einer Ladestation LS empfangenen digitalen Zertifikates Z. Die Ladesteuereinheit LSE ist an eine Kommunikationsschnittstelle bzw. eine Interface-Schaltung an¬ geschlossen, über welche eine Datenverbindung zu der Ladestation LS aufgebaut werden kann. Über dieses Interface empfängt die Ladesteuereinheit LSE ein digitales Zertifikat Z von der Ladestation LS über die erste Kommunikationsverbindung KV1. Nach vorläufiger Verifizierung dieses digitalen Zertifikates Z sendet die Ladesteuereinheit LSE über das gleiche oder ein anderes Interface dieses vorläufig verifizierte digitale Zer¬ tifikat Z nach Aufbau einer zweiten Kommunikationsverbindung KV2 zu dem Autorisierungsserver AS. Nach Empfang eines Auto- risierungsprüfergebnisses APE über das Interface steuert die Ladesteuereinheit LFE den Ladevorgang zum Laden eines Akkumu¬ lators AK des Fahrzeuges F durch die Ladestation LS. Dazu kann die Ladesteuereinheit LSE beispielsweise einen in dem Fahrzeug F vorhandenen Laderegler R ansteuern, der zwischen einem Stromanschluss A und dem aufzuladenden Akkumulator AK vorgesehen ist. In dem Stromanschluss A des Fahrzeuges F ist in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ein Stecker S eines Stromladekabels LK der Ladestation LS eingesteckt. Der von der Ladestation LS über das Stromladekabel LK gelieferte Strom I gelangt über den Stromanschluss A und eine Stromlei¬ tung zu dem Stromregler bzw. Laderegler R und lädt in Abhängigkeit von einem Ladesteuersignal CRTL den Akkumulator AK des Fahrzeuges F. Das Aufladen kann unter Berücksichtigung von Laderegeln LR erfolgen, die aus einem lokalen Datenspei- eher des Fahrzeuges F durch die Ladesteuereinheit LSE ausge¬ lesen werden. In diesem Datenspeicher können sich, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, auch die Filterregeln FR für die Filte¬ rung der Datenkommunikation über die erste Kommunikationsver- bindung KV1 zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges F und der Ladestation LS befinden. Die Ladesteuereinheit LSE kann eine oder mehrere Mikroprozessoren zur Ausführung eines entsprechenden Ladeprogramms aufweisen. Das Ladeprogramm kann sich in einem Programmspeicher befinden. 3 shows a block diagram for explaining the mode of operation of a charging control unit LSE according to the invention, which is located inside a vehicle F. The charging control unit LSE has a calculation unit for preliminary Ve ¬ rifizierung a message received from a loading station LS digital certificate Z. The charge control unit LSE is closed at a communication interface, or an interface circuit in ¬ over which a data connection to the loading station LS can be constructed , The charging control unit LSE receives a digital certificate Z from the charging station LS via the first communication link KV1 via this interface. Preliminary verification of this digital certificate Z the charge control unit LSE sends via the same or a different interface of this preliminarily verified digital cerium ¬ tificate Z after establishment of a second communication link KV2 to the authentication server AS. Upon receipt of a car risierungsprüfergebnisses APE via the interface, the charging control unit LFE controls the charging process for charging a Akkumu ¬ lators AK F of the vehicle through the loading station LS. For this purpose, the charge control unit LSE, for example, control a charge controller R present in the vehicle F, which is provided between a power connection A and the rechargeable battery AK to be charged. In the illustrated embodiment, a plug S of a charging cable LK of the charging station LS is plugged into the power connection A of the vehicle F. The supplied from the charging station LS via the power charging cable LK current I passes through the power connector A and a Stromlei ¬ tion to the current controller or charge controller R and loads in response to a charging control signal CRTL the accumulator AK of the vehicle F. The charging can, taking into account Loading rules LR done, which are read from a local Datenpei- rather the vehicle F through the charging control unit LSE ¬ . In this data storage and the filtering rules for the FR Filter ¬ tion of the data communication via the first communication connections can, as shown in Fig. 3, Connection KV1 between the charging control unit LSE of the vehicle F and the charging station LS are located. The charge control unit LSE can have one or more microprocessors for executing a corresponding charge program. The loader may be in a program memory.
Bei dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel erfolgt die Energieübertragung von der Ladestation LS zu dem Akkumulator AK über ein Stromladekabel LK. Alternativ kann der Strom I auch mittels Induktionsspulen induktiv von der Ladestation LS zu dem Laderegler R übertragen werden. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the energy is transferred from the charging station LS to the accumulator AK via a current charging cable LK. Alternatively, the current I can also be transmitted inductively from the charging station LS to the charge controller R by means of induction coils.
Bei der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Ausführungsform werden die beiden Kommunikationsverbindungen KV1 und KV2 über das glei- che Interface aufgebaut. Bei einer alternativen Ausführungs¬ form werden die beiden Kommunikationsverbindungen über getrennte unterschiedliche Dateninterfaces aufgebaut. Bei einer weiteren möglichen Ausführungsform erfolgt der Aufbau der ersten Kommunikationsverbindung KV1, wie in Fig. 3 darge- stellt, nicht über ein Dateninterface, sondern über das Lade¬ kabel LK mittels Powerline Communication PLC . Die erste und zweite Kommunikationsverbindung kann über eine drahtlose oder über eine drahtgebundene Schnittstelle aufgebaut werden. Der in Fig. 3 dargestellte Akkumulator AK des Fahrzeuges F ist bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform austauschbar. Bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform kann die Ladesteuereinheit LSE des Fahrzeuges F den Typ des eingebauten Akkumulators AK er¬ kennen, beispielsweise anhand einer an dem Akkumulator AK vorgesehenen elektronischen Kennzeichnung. Dieser erkannteIn the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, the two communication connections KV1 and KV2 are established via the same interface. In an alternative execution ¬ form the two communication links via separate different data interfaces are built. In a further possible embodiment of the construction of the first communication link KV1, as shown in FIG. 3 takes place ones shown, provides, not via a data interface, but through the charging cable ¬ LK means of power line communication PLC. The first and second communication links can be established over a wireless or wired interface. The illustrated in Fig. 3 accumulator AK of the vehicle F is interchangeable in a possible embodiment. In one possible embodiment, the charge control unit of the vehicle F LSE he can know the type of the installed battery ¬ AK, for example, based on a provided on the battery AK electronic identification. This recognized
Typ des Akkumulators AK kann dem Autorisierungsserver AS zur Auswahl der Laderegeln LR gemeldet werden. Die Laderegeln LR werden entweder von dem Autorisierungsserver AS mit dem Auto- risierungsprüfergebnis APE über die zweite Kommunikationsver- bindung KV2 zu dem Fahrzeug F übertragen oder durch die Ladesteuereinheit LSE nach Empfang eines entsprechenden Auswahlbefehls aus dem lokalen Datenspeicher ausgelesen. Bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Ladesteuereinheit LSE ist diese Ladesteuereinheit LSE in einem austauschbaren Akkumulator AK des Fahrzeuges F integriert. Bei einer möglichen Ausführungsform weist dieser Fahrzeugak- kumulator neben den Speicherzellen auch einen Laderegler R und eine Ladesteuereinheit LSE auf, die über eine Daten¬ schnittstelle verfügt. Die Erfindung schafft somit auch einen intelligenten Fahrzeugakkumulator AK mit integrierter Ladesteuereinheit LSE zum Laden des Fahrzeugakkumulators AK durch eine dazu autorisierte Ladestation LS. Dieser Fahrzeugakkumu¬ lator AK lässt sich in verschiedenartige Fahrzeuge F einbau¬ en, beispielsweise Kraftfahrzeuge, insbesondere PKW, LKW oder Busse. Bei dem Elektrofahrzeug F kann es sich beispielsweise auch um einen Golfwagen handeln. Weiterhin kann es sich bei dem Fahrzeug F auch um ein Elektrowasserfahrzeug oder einType of accumulator AK can be reported to the authorization server AS to select the loading rules LR. The loading rules LR are either transmitted from the authorization server AS with the authorization check result APE via the second communication link KV2 to the vehicle F or read out from the local data memory by the loading control unit LSE after receiving a corresponding selection command. In one possible embodiment of the charge control unit LSE according to the invention, this charge control unit LSE is integrated in an exchangeable accumulator AK of the vehicle F. In a possible embodiment, this Fahrzeugak- kumulator addition to the memory cells and a charge regulator R and a charging control unit LSE, which has a data interface ¬. The invention thus also provides an intelligent vehicle accumulator AK with integrated charging control unit LSE for charging the vehicle accumulator AK by an authorized charging station LS. This Fahrzeugakkumu ¬ lator AK can be divided into different types of vehicles F-install ¬ s, such as motor vehicles, especially passenger cars, trucks or buses. The electric vehicle F may, for example, also be a golf cart. Furthermore, the vehicle F may also be an electric watercraft or a vehicle
Elektroschienenfahrzeug handeln. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfah¬ ren und die erfindungsgemäße Ladesteuereinheit LSE sind somit vielseitig einsetzbar. Electric rail vehicle act. The procedural ¬ ren invention and the charging control unit LSE invention are thus versatile.

Claims

Verfahren zum Laden eines Akkumulators (AK) eines Fahrzeuges (F) durch eine autorisierte Ladestation (LS) mit den Schritten: Method for charging an accumulator (AK) of a vehicle (F) by an authorized charging station (LS) with the steps:
(a) Aufbauen (Sl) einer ersten kryptographisch geschützten Kommunikationsverbindung (KV1) zwischen einer Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) und der Ladestation (LS) nach erfolgreicher vorläufiger Verifizierung eines digitalen Zertifikates (Z) der Ladestation (LS) durch die Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) ;  (A) establishing (SI) a first cryptographically protected communication link (KV1) between a charging control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F) and the charging station (LS) after successful preliminary verification of a digital certificate (Z) of the charging station (LS) by the charging control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F);
(b) Aufbauen (S2) einer zweiten Kommunikationsverbindung (KV2) zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) und einem Autorisierungsserver (AS) für Ladestationen;  (b) establishing (S2) a second communication link (KV2) between the charging control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F) and an authorization server (AS) for charging stations;
(c) Senden (S3) des vorläufig verifizierten digitalen Zertifikates (Z) der Ladestation (LS) oder einer daraus extrahierten PrüfInformation von der Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) über die aufgebaute zweite Kommunikationsverbindung (KV2) zu dem Autorisierungsserver (AS) für Ladestationen, anhand welcher der Autorisierungsserver (AS) eine Autorisierungsprüfung der jeweiligen Ladestation (LS) durchführt; und  (c) sending (S3) the preliminarily verified digital certificate (Z) of the charging station (LS) or a check information extracted therefrom from the charging control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F) via the established second communication link (KV2) to the authorization server (AS) for charging stations, based on which the authorization server (AS) carries out an authorization check of the respective charging station (LS); and
(d) Senden (S4) eines Autorisierungsprüfergebnisses (APE) von dem Autorisierungsserver (AS) über die zweite Kommunikationsverbindung (KV2) zu der Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) , welche in Abhängigkeit des empfangenen Autorisierungsprüfergebnisses (APE) einen Ladevorgang zum Laden des Akkumulators (AK) des Fahrzeuges (F) durch die Lade¬ station (LS) steuert. (d) sending (S4) an authorization check result (APE) from the authorization server (AS) via the second communication link (KV2) to the charging control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F), which loads in accordance with the received authorization check result (APE) of the accumulator (AK) of the vehicle (F) through the charging ¬ station (LS) controls.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, Method according to claim 1,
wobei die erste Kommunikationsverbindung (KV1) mittels TLS, SSL oder IPsec kryptographisch geschützt wird. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wherein the first communication link (KV1) is cryptographically protected by means of TLS, SSL or IPsec. Method according to claim 1 or 2,
wobei die zweite Kommunikationsverbindung (KV2) zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) und dem Autorisierungsserver (AS) über die Ladestation (LS) aufgebaut wird. wherein the second communication link (KV2) is established between the charging control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F) and the authorization server (AS) via the charging station (LS).
Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, Method according to claim 3,
wobei die zweite Kommunikationsverbindung (KV2) zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) und dem Autorisierungsserver (AS) über die erste Kommunikations¬ verbindung (KV1), die zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) und der Ladestation (LS) be¬ steht, getunnelt aufgebaut wird. wherein the second communication link (KV2) between the charging control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F) and the authorization server (AS) via the first communication ¬ connection (KV1) between the charging control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F) and the charging station ( LS) be ¬ is, is constructed tunneled.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, Method according to claims 1 to 4,
wobei die zweite Kommunikationsverbindung (KV2) zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) und dem Autorisierungsserver (AS) kryptographisch geschützt wird . wherein the second communication link (KV2) between the charging control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F) and the authorization server (AS) is cryptographically protected.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, Method according to claims 1 to 5,
wobei das von dem Autorisierungsserver (AS) zu der Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) gesendete Autori- sierungsprüfergebnis (APE) Filterregeln (FR) für die Da¬ tenkommunikation über die erste Kommunikationsverbindung (KV1) zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeu¬ ges (F) und der Ladestation (LS) aufweist oder Steuerda¬ ten zur Aktivierung derartiger Filterregeln (FR) durch die Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) . wherein the of the authorization server (AS) to the charge control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F) transmitted authoritarianism sierungsprüfergebnis (APE) filter rules (FR) for the Da ¬ tenkommunikation via the first communication connection (KV1) between the charge control unit (LSE) of the Fahrzeu ¬ ges (F) and the charging station (LS) or Steuerda ¬ th for activating such filter rules (FR) by the charging control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F).
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, Method according to claims 1 to 6,
wobei das von dem Autorisierungsserver (AS) zu der Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) gesendete Autori- sierungsprüfergebnis (APE) Laderegeln (LR) zur Steuerung des Ladevorgangs zum Laden des Fahrzeuges (F) durch die Ladestation (LS) oder Steuerladen zur Aktivierung derar- tiger Laderegeln (LR) durch die Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) aufweist. wherein the authorization check result (APE) sent from the authorization server (AS) to the charge control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F) controls charge control (LR) for charging the vehicle (F) by the charging station (LS) or control store Activation of tiger charging rules (LR) through the charging control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F).
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 bis 7, Method according to claims 1 to 7,
wobei die Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) den in dem Fahrzeug (F) enthaltenen Akkumulator (AK) in Abhängigkeit von den empfangenen oder aktivierten Laderegeln (LR) mittels einer von der Ladestation (LS) an das Fahrzeug (F) übertragenen elektrischen Energie lädt.  wherein the charging control unit (LSE) charges the accumulator (AK) contained in the vehicle (F) as a function of the received or activated charging rules (LR) by means of an electrical energy transmitted from the charging station (LS) to the vehicle (F).
Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, Method according to claim 8,
wobei die Ladestation (LS) den Akkumulator (AK) des Fahrzeuges (F) über ein Ladekabel (LK) oder durch induktive Energieübertragung auflädt.  wherein the charging station (LS) charges the accumulator (AK) of the vehicle (F) via a charging cable (LK) or by inductive energy transfer.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, Method according to claim 9,
wobei die erste Kommunikationsverbindung (KV1) zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) und der Ladestation (LS) über das Ladekabel (LK) mittels PLC (Power Line Communication) hergestellt wird.  wherein the first communication link (KV1) is established between the charging control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F) and the charging station (LS) via the charging cable (LK) by means of PLC (Power Line Communication).
Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, Method according to claim 9,
wobei die erste Kommunikationsverbindung (KV1) zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) und der Ladestation (LS) über eine zu dem Ladekabel (LK) paral¬ lel verlaufende Datenleitung oder einer im Ladekabel (LK) integrierten Datenleitung hergestellt wird. wherein the first communication connection (KV1) between the charge control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F) and the loading station (LS) via a to the charging lead (LK) paral ¬ lel extending data line or the charger cable (LK) integrated data line is made.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, Method according to claim 9,
wobei die erste Kommunikationsverbindung (KV1) zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) des Fahrzeuges (F) und der Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) über eine Funkschnittstelle her gestellt wird. 13. Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) für ein Fahrzeug (F) zum Laden eines Akkumulators (AK) des Fahrzeuges (F) durch eine dazu autorisierte Ladestation (LS) mit einer Berechnungseinheit zur vorläufigen Verifizierung einer von der Ladestation (LS) über eine erste kryp- tographisch gesicherte Kommunikationsverbindung (KV1) empfangenen digitalen Zertifikates Z der Ladestation (LS) , wherein the first communication link (KV1) between the charging control unit (LSE) of the vehicle (F) and the charging control unit (LSE) is provided via a radio interface forth. 13. Charge control unit (LSE) for a vehicle (F) for charging an accumulator (AK) of the vehicle (F) by a charging station (LS) authorized for this purpose a calculation unit for the preliminary verification of a digital certificate Z of the charging station (LS) received from the charging station (LS) via a first cryptographically secured communication connection (KV1),
wobei die Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) das vorläufig verifi¬ zierte digitale Zertifikat (Z) oder eine daraus extra¬ hierte PrüfInformation über eine zweite Kommunikations¬ verbindung (KV2) an einen Autorisierungsserver (AS) zur Ermittlung eines Autorisierungsprüfergebnisses (APE) ü- berträgt, welches die Ladestationssteuereinheit (LSE) über die zweite Kommunikationsverbindung (KV2) von dem Autorisierungsserver (AS) empfängt, wherein the charge control unit (LSE) transmits the provisionally verifi ¬ ed digital certificate (Z) or an extra ¬ hierte check information via a second communication ¬ connection (KV2) to an authorization server (AS) for determining an authorization test result (APE) ü-, which receives the charging station controller (LSE) from the authorization server (AS) via the second communication link (KV2),
wobei die Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) in Abhängigkeit von dem empfangenen Autorisierungsprüfergebnis (APE) einen Ladevorgang zum Laden des Akkumulators (AK) des Fahrzeu ges (F) durch die Ladestation (LS) steuert. wherein the charging control unit (LSE) in response to the received authorization check result (APE) a charging operation for charging the accumulator (AK) of the Fahrzeu ges (F) by the charging station (LS) controls.
Ladesteuereinheit nach Anspruch 13, Charge control unit according to claim 13,
wobei die Ladestation (LS) in dem durch die Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) gesteuerten Ladevorgang den Akkumulatorthe charging station (LS) in the charging process controlled by the charging control unit (LSE) charging the accumulator
(AK) des Fahrzeuges (F) über ein Ladekabel (LK) oder mittels induktiver Energieübertragung entsprechend Laderegeln (LR) lädt, die von dem Autorisierungsserver(AK) of the vehicle (F) via a charging cable (LK) or by means of inductive energy transfer according to loading rules (LR) loads, the authorization server
(AS) mit dem Autorisierungsprüfergebnis (APE) an die La destation (LS) übertragen werden oder die durch mit dem Autorisierungsprüfergebnis (APE) mit übertragene Steuer daten durch die Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) aktiviert wer¬ den . (AS) are transmitted with the authorization check result (APE) to the La destation (LS) or activated by with the authorization check result (APE) with transmitted control data through the charging control unit (LSE) ¬ the.
Ladesteuereinheit nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, wobei die erste Kommunikationsverbindung (KV1) zwischen der Ladesteuereinheit (LSE) und der Ladestation (LS) über das Ladekabel (LK) mittels Powerline-Communication (PLC) oder über eine zu dem Ladekabel (LK) parallel verlaufen de Datenleitung oder über eine Funkschnittstelle be¬ steht . Elektrofahrzeugakkumulator mit einer darin integrierten Ladesteuereinheit nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 15. Charge control unit according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the first communication connection (KV1) between the charging control unit (LSE) and the charging station (LS) via the charging cable (LK) by means of power line communication (PLC) or via a parallel to the charging cable (LK) de data line or via a radio interface be ¬ stands. Electric vehicle battery with a charge control unit integrated therein according to one of Claims 13 to 15.
EP11738641A 2010-07-09 2011-06-29 Method and control unit for charging a vehicle battery Withdrawn EP2569895A2 (en)

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WO2012004168A3 (en) 2012-06-07
WO2012004168A2 (en) 2012-01-12

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