EP2569786A1 - Schaltanordnung - Google Patents
SchaltanordnungInfo
- Publication number
- EP2569786A1 EP2569786A1 EP11706753A EP11706753A EP2569786A1 EP 2569786 A1 EP2569786 A1 EP 2569786A1 EP 11706753 A EP11706753 A EP 11706753A EP 11706753 A EP11706753 A EP 11706753A EP 2569786 A1 EP2569786 A1 EP 2569786A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- switching
- longitudinal axis
- arrangement according
- mla
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
- H01H9/0016—Contact arrangements for tap changers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
- H01H1/365—Bridging contacts
Definitions
- the invention relates to a switching arrangement according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- Such a switching arrangement consists essentially of a plurality of circularly arranged around a central central longitudinal axis of contact bars and a central, rotatably mounted switching shaft to which a contact arrangement is attached.
- the contact arrangement serves for the electrical contacting of two mutually, preferably adjacent, contact bars, thereby to effect a defined transformation ratio of the transformer connected to the switching arrangement.
- roller contacts that is to say the contact elements which are in contact with the contact bars are in the form of rollers or cylinders and are mounted rotatably in the contact arrangement.
- a rotational movement of the roller contacts is effected by the friction of the roller contacts relative to the contact rods, so that the roller contacts roll circumferentially on the contact rods.
- a disadvantage of such roller contacts that due to the rolling of the roller contacts on the fixed contact bars there residues, such as carbonaceous residues or separating layers that are electrically poor or non-conductive, are pressed by the rolling motion on the contact bars and the roller contacts and thus the electrical contact increasingly worsen.
- the increased contact resistance leads to an increasing heating of the contact surface and thus to a reduction of the contact life or to a reduction in the life of the entire switching arrangement.
- the contact surface of the contact elements has at least one central region and adjoining edge regions on both sides, which are shaped such that the radial distance of the contact surface to the central longitudinal axis in the central region of the contact elements is smaller than the radial distance of the contact surface to the central longitudinal axis in the border areas. Due to the reduced radial distance of the contact surface to the pivot point of the contact arrangement, namely the central longitudinal axis, a recess is specifically provided in the region between the contact points. By means of the recess according to the invention arranged between the contact points, an intermediate switching position is made possible in which the recess comes to lie radially opposite a contact rod and the contact elements do not make contact with the adjacent contact rods.
- the switching shaft is axially insertable together with the contact arrangement in the intermediate space between the circularly arranged contact bars.
- the shift shaft including contact arrangement is possible.
- the aforesaid and subsequently hereafter bulge data always refer to the central longitudinal axis about which the switching shaft carrying the contact arrangement is rotatably mounted.
- the convexly curved intermediate regions have a curvature maximum, the distance to the central longitudinal axis is greater than the distance of the contact surface in the central region to the central longitudinal axis, so that the central region is bounded laterally by the Völbungsmaxima the adjacent intermediate regions.
- each of the intermediate regions is adjoined outwardly by first edge region sections, which are curved flat or concave relative to the central longitudinal axis.
- the first edge portion sections are formed in a circular arc.
- a contact rod rests against these first edge region sections in the switching position.
- the curvature maxima of the intermediate regions are at least partially in the intermediate space between the electrically contacted contact rods.
- a friction is generated by the grinding movement of the contact surfaces of the contact elements on the contact rods when unscrewing the contact assembly from the respective switching position, which leads to a self-cleaning of the contact surfaces of the contact elements. ment or the outer surface areas of the contact rods operatively connected to these contact surfaces.
- a second convexly curved edge region section adjoins the first edge region section.
- This second edge region section can likewise have a curvature maximum which, together with the curvature maximum of the intermediate region, laterally delimits the first edge region section.
- rotatably mounted rollers can be provided on the second edge region sections, which protrude circumferentially with respect to the second edge region sections.
- the contact elements of the contact arrangement are realized as a contact plate set and individually resiliently displaceable relative to the housing.
- springs are provided, which are designed as compression springs and effect a radially outwardly acting contact pressure of the contact elements to the contact rods. Due to the individual displaceability of the contact elements, an electrical contact can be ensured even with increased surface roughness of the contact bars or the contact elements, for example by wear, since the individual contact elements can adapt to the surface structure. It is always ensures that each contact element always rests with at least two contact points against the respective contact bars.
- the contact elements each have at least two elongated holes for displaceable attachment of the contact elements in the housing, wherein a shift range for the contact elements is defined by the elongated holes.
- the contact elements When taking a switching position for electrical contacting of two adjacent contact bars, the contact elements are at least partially pushed back into the housing.
- the contact elements When positioning the contact arrangement in the Eisenschalt- position, wherein the central region is opposite to a contact rod, the contact elements are maximally pushed out of the housing and held by the elongated holes limited distance to the contact rod.
- the contact elements are designed as grinding contact elements or sliding contact blades.
- These sliding contact elements are characterized in particular by a continuous course of the contact surfaces, so that when turning the contact arrangement relative to the contact bars, the contact elements perform a grinding movement on the contact bars and thus a cleaning of the contact surfaces is effected.
- FIG. 2 by way of example a first embodiment of an inventive
- FIG. 3 shows an example of the switching arrangement according to the invention according to Figure 2 in a
- Fig. 4 shows by way of example a second embodiment of an inventive
- FIG. 5 shows an example of a sectional view of a contact arrangement of the switching arrangement according to the invention in a side view
- FIG. 6 shows an example of a sectional view of the contact arrangement of FIG. 5 along the section line A-A.
- FIG. 7 by way of example a third embodiment of an inventive
- Fig. 8 shows an example of a switching arrangement according to the invention with rollers arranged on the edge side in a plan view.
- the reference numeral 1 a switching arrangement according to the invention is shown.
- the switching arrangement 1 can be used in particular in a diverter for changing the transformation ratio of a transformer.
- the switching arrangement 1 consists essentially of a plurality of mutually parallel, spaced and circularly arranged about a central longitudinal axis MLA contact bars 2, which are passed through two spaced-apart cage rings 8 and are held over these in predetermined positions. Also held and guided by the cage rings 8 is a switching shaft 3, which extends along the central longitudinal axis MLA and is rotatably mounted thereon, preferably in at least one of the cage rings 8. In the area between the two cage rings 8, a contact arrangement 4 is provided with a plurality of contact elements 5, which is connected to the switching shaft 3 rotatably mounted about the central longitudinal axis MLA.
- the contact elements 5 are displaceable in the radial direction with respect to the switching shaft 3 and designed for the electrical contacting of two mutually adjacent contact bars 2.
- the contact elements 5 are in particular spring-loaded displaceable and are held by compression springs in a relation to the central longitudinal axis MLA radially outwardly advanced position in the direction of the contact rods 2 pressed.
- the contact arrangement 4 can thus assume six different switching positions by rotating the switching shaft 3 about the central longitudinal axis MLA, whereby different transformation ratios of a transformer connected to the switching arrangement 1 can be set by the different switching positions of the switching arrangement 1 ,
- the contact surface 6 of the contact elements 5 facing the contact bars 2 is shaped such that the radial distance d 1 of the contact surface 6 to the central longitudinal axis MLA in the middle area 6.1 of the contact elements 5 is smaller than the radial distance d 3 , d 4 in the middle area 6.1 adjoining edge areas 6.3, 6.3 ', 6.4, 6.4'.
- between the central area 6.1 and the edge areas 6.3, 6.3 ', 6.4, 6.4' still an intermediate areas 6.2, 6.2 'is provided, which forms the transition between said areas.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 each show a contact arrangement 4 rotatable by means of the switching shaft 3 in a first exemplary embodiment, FIG. 2 showing the contact arrangement 4 positioned in a switching position in which two contact rods 2 are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner via the contact arrangement 4 and FIG. 3 shows an intermediate switching position between two possible switching positions. Position shows, in which the contact assembly 4 is released from the contact bars 2, that is, the contact surfaces 6 of the contact elements 5 are not applied to one or more contact bars 2.
- the contact arrangement 4 is constructed symmetrically with respect to an axis of symmetry SA, preferably in mirror symmetry.
- the axis of symmetry SA in this case runs through the central longitudinal axis MLA and the central region 6.1.
- the contact arrangement 4 In the switching position, i. the adjacent contact bars 2 are electrically connected to each other by the contact arrangement 4, dividing the axis of symmetry SA approximately the gap 9 between two contact bars 2 in approximately two equal halves.
- the central axis 6.1 enclosing the axis of symmetry SA of the contact surface 6 is concavely curved in a preferred embodiment.
- This curvature specification relates, as well as all other curvature information, to the central longitudinal axis MLA of the switching arrangement 1.
- a recess in the minimum of a radial distance di between the central longitudinal axis Ml_A and the contact surface 6 of the contact element 5 is present, which is smaller than the radial distance d2 between each of the two adjacent to the central region 6.1 intermediate areas 6.2, 6.2 'and the radial distances d3, d4 between the first and second edge portions 6.3, 6.3', 6.4, 6.4 '.
- the radial distances di, d2, dß, d are variable due to the displaceability of the contact elements 5 relative to the switching shaft 3 extending along the central longitudinal axis MLA.
- the individual displacement of the individual contact elements 5 relative to the switching shaft 3 causes a change in each of all distances di, d 2 , d3, d 4 of a contact element 5, so that the size ratio of the distances dj, d 2 , dz, d 4 is always maintained ,
- the radial distance di of the central region 6.1 to the central longitudinal axis MLA is selected such that the contact arrangement 4 occupy an intermediate switching position lying between two switching positions relative to the contact rods 2 can, in which the axis of symmetry SA of the contact assembly 4 extends through a contact rod 2.
- the radial distance di of the contact surface 6 in the center region to the central longitudinal axis MLA assumes a maximum value.
- this maximum value of the distance di is smaller than the radial distance ds of the outer surfaces of the contact rods 2 to the central longitudinal axis MLA, ie the contact surface 6 in the central region 6.1 has a sufficient distance from the opposite contact rod 2.
- the switching shaft 3 can be inserted with the contact assembly 4 contactless in the circular arrangement of the contact rods 2, so that a simple assembly and disassembly of the switching device 1 is ensured.
- the distance d 2 to the central longitudinal axis MLA is greater than the distance di.
- the radial increase in distance between the central region 6.1 and the intermediate region 6.2 takes place continuously, with the concave curvature of the middle region 6.1 in the intermediate region 6.2, 6.2 'merging into a convex curvature and reaching the radial distance d 2 to the central longitudinal axis MLA in the curvature maximum.
- the angular distance ⁇ of the arching maxima of the two intermediate regions 6.2, 6.2 ' is selected such that the arching maxima of the convexly curved intermediate regions 6.2, 6.2' at least partially come to rest within the intermediate space 9 or partially project into it.
- the first edge area sections 6.3, 6.3 'of the contact surface 6 are thus at least partially against the contact bars 2 in the switching position.
- the radial distance d3 of the first edge region section 6.3, 6.3' to the central longitudinal axis MLA decreases in the direction of the second edge region section 6.4, 6.4 ', wherein the radial distance dß is always smaller than the radial distance d2 between the intermediate region 6.2, 6.2 'and the central longitudinal axis MLA.
- This geometrical dimensioning prevents unwanted twisting of the contact arrangement 4 out of the switching position, since, depending on the direction of rotation, an intermediate region 6.2, 6.2 'reaches its curvature maximum when unscrewing the contact arrangement 4 from the switching position relative to the contact rod 2 and thereby passes through the Inserting the contact elements 5 in the direction of the switching shaft 3, an increased clamping is achieved, which counteracts an unwanted switching.
- each case adjoins the first edge portion 6.3, 6.3 'of the second edge portion 6.4, 6.4', which is preferably convex - with respect to the central longitudinal axis MLA - curved.
- These second edge region sections 6.4, 6.4 ' form a lateral rounding of the contact elements 5, so that when rotating the contact assembly 4 about the central longitudinal axis MLA the contact elements 5 with the second edge portion 6.4, 6.4' on the contact rod 2 and grind the contact assembly 4 with radial insertion the contact elements 5 can be moved in the direction of the central longitudinal axis MLA with little effort in the switching position.
- FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the contact surface 6 of the contact elements 5.
- the essential difference from the contact surface shape shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 is that, on the one hand, the first edge area deviation Section 6.3, 6.3 'each slightly concave curved with respect to the central longitudinal axis MLA is formed.
- This concave curvature has a curvature minimum, in which the first edge region section 6.3, 6.3 'has a radial distance d 3 to the central longitudinal axis MLA.
- the concave curvature forms a recess in which the respective contact rod 2 comes into abutment in a switching position and thereby undergoes a defined locking.
- This radial distance d 4 is greater than the radial distance d 3 , so that at least the curvature maximum with respect to the first edge portion 6.3, 6.3 'projecting radially.
- the first edge region section 6.3, 6.3 ' is bounded laterally on the one hand by the curvature maximum of the intermediate region 6.2, 6.2', on the other hand by the curvature maximum of the second edge region section 6.4, 6.4 '.
- FIG. 5 shows a lateral longitudinal section through the contact arrangement 4 of a switching arrangement 1 according to the invention.
- the contact arrangement 4 consists essentially of a housing 7 with a first housing section 7.1 which has a semicircular recess 7.3 for at least partially receiving the switching shaft 3 and a second housing section 7.2 a recess 7.4, within which a plurality of contact elements 5 spaced apart from each other are received.
- the contact elements 5 are preferably realized as contact blades, in particular sliding contact blades
- the contact elements 5 are each arranged resiliently relative to the housing 7 and via springs 10 which are formed for example as compression springs. to displaceable fixation of the contact elements 5 relative to the housing 7 are anchored in the webs 7.5, 7.5 ', which laterally bound the recess 7.4 anchoring elements 7.6 which extend in the transverse direction parallel to the switching shaft 3 through the recess 7.4 and by means of a slot 5.1 through the contact elements. 5 passed through. Due to the parallel arrangement of a plurality of individually radially displaceable contact elements 5, a defined contacting of the contact bars 2 by the contact arrangement 4 can be achieved.
- FIG. 6 shows a section through the contact arrangement 4 arranged on the switching shaft 3 along the section line A-A.
- the contact elements 5 are spring-loaded displaceable relative to the housing 7, between a predetermined by the slots 5.1 pushed back or advanced extreme position.
- the contact elements 5 are preferably each positioned in an intermediate position located between these extreme positions. Thus they are spring-loaded pressed against the contact rods 2, so that an optimal electrical contact is achieved.
- the convex curvatures of the intermediate region 6.2 or of the second edge region section 6.4 must be overcome.
- the contact elements 5 are pushed back in the direction of the switching shaft 3 until the convex curvature areas can pass the contact bars 2 and the contact arrangement 4 via an intermediate switch position in which the contact elements 5 are pushed out of the housing 7 spring loaded, in the adjacent Switching position can be transferred.
- FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the contact surface 6 of the contact elements 5.
- the central region 6.1 is formed flat, wherein the plane spanned preferably perpendicular to the axis of symmetry SA.
- both the first edge region sections 6.3, 6.3 'and the second edge region sections 6.4, 6.4' are preferably circular-arc-shaped, the radii and center points of the respective circular arcs of the first and second edge region sections 6.3, 6.3 ', 6.4, 6.4' being different.
- FIG 8 shows a switching arrangement according to the invention according to the embodiment of Figure 7, wherein in each of the edge region sections 6.4, 6.4 'rollers 11 are arranged, which are rotatably mounted relative to the contact assembly 4 and project slightly with their peripheral sides relative to the contact elements 5. Through these rollers 11, a reduction of the torque to be expended when turning the contact assembly 4 relative to the contact rods 2 is achieved. When taking a switching position in which two adjacent contact bars 2 are electrically connected to each other, the rollers 11 do not come into contact with the contact bars 2, so that the first edge portion 6.3, 6.3 'continue to rub as sliding contacts on the contact bars 2, thereby self-cleaning the Contact surface is effected.
Landscapes
- Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010020040.9A DE102010020040B4 (de) | 2010-05-11 | 2010-05-11 | Schaltanordnung für einen Transformator mit einer an einer Schaltwelle befestigten Kontaktanordnung mit mehreren Kontaktelementen |
| PCT/EP2011/000856 WO2011141079A1 (de) | 2010-05-11 | 2011-02-23 | Schaltanordnung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2569786A1 true EP2569786A1 (de) | 2013-03-20 |
| EP2569786B1 EP2569786B1 (de) | 2014-04-09 |
Family
ID=43920799
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11706753.8A Not-in-force EP2569786B1 (de) | 2010-05-11 | 2011-02-23 | Schaltanordnung |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2569786B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN102906842B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102010020040B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2011141079A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102010049813B3 (de) | 2010-10-27 | 2012-01-19 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Umsteller |
| DE102010050259B4 (de) | 2010-11-02 | 2015-07-02 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Umsteller für einen Stufentransformator |
| DE102014118715B3 (de) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-06-02 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Verfahren zum Reinigen eines Laststufenschalters und Laststufenschalter |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1725078A (en) * | 1926-03-31 | 1929-08-20 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Tap changer |
| BE373895A (de) * | 1929-10-03 | |||
| NL130389C (de) * | 1965-07-20 | |||
| US3467794A (en) * | 1968-03-25 | 1969-09-16 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Tap changer |
| NL135711C (de) * | 1968-05-24 | |||
| DE2154284A1 (de) * | 1971-10-30 | 1973-05-03 | Transformatoren Union Ag | Kontaktanordnung fuer stufenwaehler von regeltransformatoren |
| US3992595A (en) * | 1974-12-10 | 1976-11-16 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Non-load tap-changer switch |
| DE2967539D1 (en) * | 1979-11-21 | 1985-12-05 | Acec | Electrical apparatus comprising a series of voltage taps and mobile selector equipment |
| GB2078445B (en) * | 1980-06-17 | 1984-04-18 | Ass Tapchangers Ltd | An on-load tap selector |
| US4496805A (en) * | 1983-09-09 | 1985-01-29 | Warco, Inc. | Transformer switch |
| DE3401297A1 (de) * | 1984-01-16 | 1985-07-18 | Transformatoren Union Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Lastwaehler fuer stufentransformatoren |
| JP4087160B2 (ja) * | 2002-06-20 | 2008-05-21 | 株式会社ダイヘン | 真空バルブ式負荷時タップ切換装置 |
| US6605787B1 (en) * | 2002-09-10 | 2003-08-12 | Defond Manufacturing Limited | Electrical switch |
| DE102007023124B3 (de) * | 2007-05-16 | 2008-10-02 | Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh | Schaltanordnung |
| US7649147B2 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2010-01-19 | Riming Xiao | Off-circuit tap changer device |
-
2010
- 2010-05-11 DE DE102010020040.9A patent/DE102010020040B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2011
- 2011-02-23 CN CN201180023225.3A patent/CN102906842B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-02-23 WO PCT/EP2011/000856 patent/WO2011141079A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2011-02-23 EP EP11706753.8A patent/EP2569786B1/de not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2011141079A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| HK1178678A1 (en) | 2013-09-13 |
| CN102906842A (zh) | 2013-01-30 |
| DE102010020040B4 (de) | 2016-06-09 |
| CN102906842B (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
| EP2569786B1 (de) | 2014-04-09 |
| DE102010020040A1 (de) | 2011-11-17 |
| WO2011141079A1 (de) | 2011-11-17 |
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