EP2568959A2 - Formulierungen mit einem cephalosporin der dritten generation und clavulansäure - Google Patents

Formulierungen mit einem cephalosporin der dritten generation und clavulansäure

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Publication number
EP2568959A2
EP2568959A2 EP11743665A EP11743665A EP2568959A2 EP 2568959 A2 EP2568959 A2 EP 2568959A2 EP 11743665 A EP11743665 A EP 11743665A EP 11743665 A EP11743665 A EP 11743665A EP 2568959 A2 EP2568959 A2 EP 2568959A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pharmaceutical formulation
formulation according
agent
generation cephalosporin
sodium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11743665A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Mahmut Bilgic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2568959A2 publication Critical patent/EP2568959A2/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/42—Oxazoles
    • A61K31/424—Oxazoles condensed with heterocyclic ring systems, e.g. clavulanic acid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/54—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
    • A61K31/542—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/545—Compounds containing 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula:, e.g. cephalosporins, cefaclor, or cephalexine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0087—Galenical forms not covered by A61K9/02 - A61K9/7023
    • A61K9/0095—Drinks; Beverages; Syrups; Compositions for reconstitution thereof, e.g. powders or tablets to be dispersed in a glass of water; Veterinary drenches
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • A61K9/1605—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/1629—Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/1652—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, cellulose derivatives; Cyclodextrin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to pharmaceutical formulations comprising a third generation cephalosporin together with clavulanic acid and/or derivatives thereof as the active agents.
  • cefdaloxim cefdinir, cefditoren, cefetamet, cefixime, cefmenoxime, cefodizime, cefotaxime, cefovecin, cefpimizole, cefpodoxime, cefteram, ceftibuten, ceftiofur, ceftiolene, ceftizoxime, ceftriaxone, cefetamet belong to the group of the third generation cephalosporins.
  • Clavulanic acid is a beta-lactamase inhibitor.
  • Clavulanic acid and derivatives thereof e.g. its salts such as potassium clavulanate
  • beta-lactamase inhibitors which withstand the beta-lactamase-originated resistance mechanism by suppressing the activity of beta- lactamase enzymes.
  • EP0593573 discloses a formulation relating to suspension forms comprising beta-lactam antibiotics, especially amoxicillin and ampicillin, with beta lactamase inhibitors.
  • suspension forms are not preferable since they have the potential of high and/or uncontrolled dose intake; they have problems in their physical and chemical stability, they have high manufacture costs and they cause problems in use and carrying.
  • water dispersible tablets have been developed in order to improve the bioavailability of the antibiotic and to have them disintegrate faster.
  • the patent application numbered in EP 0282200 discloses dispersible formulations comprising an amphoteric beta- lactam antibiotic and as disintegrants, a cellulose product and low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose.
  • clavulanic acid and its pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives are highly sensitive to conditions such as humidity and pH, for this reason it is very difficult to prepare stable and water soluble formulations wherein clavulanic acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives and third generation cephalosporins are used in combined form.
  • the inventors have surprisingly found that the water soluble dosage forms comprising third generation cephalosporin antibiotics and clavulanic acid derivatives pertaining to the present invention overcome the problems encountered in the prior art.
  • Subject of the present invention relates to water soluble pharmaceutical formulations comprising the third generation cephalosporins and clavulanic acid and/or derivatives thereof.
  • formulations comprising the combination of a third generation cephalosporin and clavulanic acid and/or derivatives thereof entirely dissolve in water when a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic is used in 2%-15% of the unit dose; two different pH agents wherein one pH agent has pKa in the range of 1-5, preferably 2-4 and the other has pKa in the range of 5.1-15, preferably 5.5-12 are used to form a buffer system and the ratio of the first pH agent having pKa value of 1-5, preferably 2-4 to the second pH agent having the pKa value of 5.1-15, preferably 5.5-12 is in the range of 3:l to 1 :1.
  • the inventors have found that the formulations comprising the combination of a third generation cephalosporin and clavulanic acid and/or derivatives thereof according to the present invention have solved both the solubility problem of cefdinir and the stability problem of clavulanic acid and thereby a stable water soluble formulations comprising a combination of a third generation cephalosporin and clavulanic acid have been obtained.
  • the first aspect of the present invention is the water soluble formulations comprising a third generation cephalosporin and clavulanic acid and/or derivatives thereof in which a third generation cephalosporin antibiotic is used in 2%-15% of the unit dose; two different pH agents wherein one pH agent has pKa in the range of 1-5, preferably 2-4 and the other has pKa in the range of 5.1-15, preferably 5.5-12 are used to form a buffer solution and the ratio of the first pH agent having pKa value of 1 -5 to the second pH agent having the pKa value of 5.1-15 is in the range of 3:1 to 1 :1.
  • the water soluble formulations according to present invention can be in the form of powder, granule or tablet.
  • the third generation cephalosporin that can be used in water soluble formulations of the present invention is used in 2%-15%, preferably 2%-12%, more preferably 3%-10% of the unit dose.
  • the third generation cephalosporin that can be used in water soluble formulations of the present invention can be selected from the group comprising cefpodoxime, cefditoren, ceftibuten, cefdinir, cefixime, cefetamet.
  • ceftibuten or cefdinir is used in scope of the present invention.
  • the third generation cephalosporin that can be used in water soluble formulations of the present invention can be in the form of its solvates, hydrates, esters, enantiomers, racemates, organic salts, inorganic salts, polymorphs, in crystalline and amorphous forms or in free form and/or combinations thereof.
  • cefpodoxime is used in the present invention it is preferably used in its ester form, more preferably in cefpodoxime proxetil form.
  • cefditoren is used in the present invention it is preferably used in its ester form, more preferably in cefditoren pivoxil form.
  • cefixime is used in the present invention it is preferably used in its hydrate form, more preferably in trihydrate form.
  • ceftibuten is used in the present invention it is preferably used in its hydrate form, more preferably in dihydrate and/or trihydrate form.
  • cefdinir is used in the present invention it is preferably used in free form.
  • Clavulanic acid that can be used in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be in the form of its solvates, hydrates, enantiomers, racemates, organic salts, alkaline metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, inorganic salts, polymorphs, in crystalline and amorphous forms or in free form and/or combinations thereof.
  • potassium clavulanate is used in the present invention.
  • the first pH agent which has pKa in the range of 1-5, preferably 2-4, to be used in the formulation of the present invention can be selected from, but not limited to, citric acid and malic acid or a combination thereof.
  • citric acid is used.
  • the second pH agent which has pKa in the range of 5.1-15, preferably 5.5-12, to be used in the formulation of the present invention can be selected from, tribasic calcium phosphate, monosodium glutamate, potassium citrate, trisodium citrate, sodium hydroxide, dibasic sodium phosphate, monobasic sodium phosphate or combinations thereof.
  • trisodium citrate is used.
  • the water soluble formulations comprising cefdinir or ceftibuten and clavulanate in which cefdinir or ceftibuten is used in 2%-15% of the unit dose; citric acid and trisodium citrate are used to form a buffer system and the ratio of citric acid to trisodium citrate is in the range of 3 : 1 to 1 : 1.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is water soluble formulations comprising pharmaceutically acceptable excipients in addition to the combination of the third generation cephalosporins and clavulanic acid and/or derivatives thereof as the active agents and the pH agents.
  • various excipients selected from, but not limited to, the group comprising sweeteners, preservative agents, viscosity agents, glidants, lubricants, disintegrants, diluents and flavoring agents can be used in addition to the third generation cephalosporin, clavulanic acid and pH agents.
  • the sweetener to be used in the formulation of the present invention can be selected from, but not limited to, a group comprising acesulfame, aspartame, dextrose, fructose, glucose, lactitol, maltitol, sugar, maltose, sorbitol, saccharine, saccharine sodium, saccharose, sodium cyclamate, sucralose, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sucrose, xylitol or combinations thereof.
  • saccharose is used as the sweetener in the present invention.
  • the preservative agent to be used in the formulation of the present invention can be selected from a group comprising ascorbic acid, citric acid, malic acid, propionic acid, sodium ascorbate, sodium benzoate or combinations thereof.
  • sodium benzoate is used as the preservative agent.
  • the viscosity agent to be used in the formulation of the present invention can be selected from a group comprising carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, carboxymethyl cellulose calcium, chitosan, colloidal silicon dioxide, gelatin, guar gum, xanthan gum, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, hypromellose, maltodextrin, polyvinyl alcohol or combinations thereof.
  • xanthan gum is used in the present invention.
  • the ratio of the third generation cephalosporin to xanthan gum is an important parameter influencing the dispersion time of the water soluble formulations comprising a third generation cephalosporin and clavulanic acid or derivatives thereof. They have found that the dispersion time of the granules and powders comprising the formulations according to present invention in which the ratio of the third generation cephalosporin to xanthan gum is in the range of 7:1 to 15:1, preferably 8:1 to 13:1, more preferably 9:1 to 12:1 is shorter compared to the formulations comprising xanthan gum less or more than this amount.
  • another aspect of the present invention is water soluble formulations comprising a third generation cephalosporin and clavulanic acid or derivatives thereof in which the ratio of the third generation cephalosporin to xanthan gum is in the range of 7:1 to 15:1.
  • the glidant that can be used in the pharmaceutical combination of the present invention can be selected from, but not limited to, a group comprising magnesium silicate, silicon dioxide, starch, talc, tribasic calcium phosphate or a combination thereof.
  • silicon dioxide is used as the glidant.
  • the lubricant that can be used in the pharmaceutical formulation of the present invention can be selected from, but not limited to, a group comprising calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol, PEG 6000, polyvinyl alcohol, potassium benzoate, talc, sodium benzoate or a combination thereof.
  • magnesium stearate is used as the lubricant in the pharmaceutical formulation pertaining to the present invention.
  • the disintegrant that can be used in the pharmaceutical formulation pertaining to the present invention can be selected from, but not limited to, a group comprising carboxymethyl cellulose calcium, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium, microcrystalline cellulose, silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methylcellulose, povidone, magnesium aluminium silicate, starch or combinations thereof.
  • the diluent that can be used in the pharmaceutical formulation of the present invention can be selected from, but not limited to, a group comprising calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate, dibasic calcium phosphate, tribasic calcium phosphate, calcium sulphate, microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, maltodextrin, maltose, mannitol, sodium chloride, sorbitol, starch, xylitol or combinations thereof.
  • clavulanic acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates or combinations thereof in quantities equal to this can be used.
  • Clavulanic acid and its derivatives are extremely sensitive to moisture. Therefore, potassium clavulanate is used together with a humectant in the ratio of 1 : 1 in the pharmaceutical formulation of the present invention.
  • the humectant that can be used in the pharmaceutical formulation of the present invention can be selected from silica, colloidal silica, magnesium trisilicate, powdered cellulose, magnesium oxide, calcium silicate, starch, syloid, microcrystalline cellulose and talc.
  • syloid or microcrystalline cellulose is used as humectants.
  • potassium clavulanate is used with syloid or microcrystalline cellulose preferably in the ratio of 1 : 1.
  • the amount of the third generation cephalosporin or its pharmaceutically acceptable solvates, hydrates, enantiomers, racemates, organic salts, inorganic salts, polymorphs, crystalline or amorphous forms that the pharmaceutical formulation of the present invention can comprise is in the range of 2% to 15% with respect to the total weight of the unit dose.
  • the pharmaceutical formulation of the present invention can comprise clavulanic acid in the range of 5% to 30% with respect to the total weight of the unit dose or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates or combinations thereof in quantities equal to this.
  • the pharmaceutical formulation of the present invention can comprise 2-15% a third generation cephalosporin, 5-30% potassium clavulanate, 0.1-4% glidant, 0.2-3% lubricant, 0- 20% disintegrant and/or disintegrants, 0-15% diluent, 30-90% sweetener, 0.5-4% pH agent, 0.1-2% preservative agent, 0.2-4% viscosity agent and 0.1-5% flavoring agent by weight with respect to the total weight of the unit dose.
  • the present invention relates to processes that can be used for preparation of the pharmaceutical formulations comprising pharmaceutically acceptable excipients in addition to the third generation cephalosporin and clavulanic acid or derivatives thereof as the active agent.
  • the process in scope of the present invention comprises granulation of the active agents, in other words third generation cephalosporin and clavulanic acid or derivatives thereof by conventional wet and/or dry granulation methods; or mixing the third generation cephalosporin, clavulanic acid derivatives and the other excipients by dry blending method and then pulverizing them, optionally compressing the obtained mixture in tablet form.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is the use of the pharmaceutical formulation prepared according to the present invention in the treatment of diseases related to infection caused by gram positive and gram negative bacteria.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is the use of the pharmaceutical formulation prepared according to the present invention in the production of a medicament so as to be used in upper respiratory infections such as ear, nose, throat, otitis media, sinusitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis; lower respiratory tract infections such as pyelonephritis, cystitis and urethritis; skin or soft tissue infections such as froncle, pyoderma, impetigo; in the treatment and prophylaxis of gonorrhea and lyme diseases.
  • upper respiratory infections such as ear, nose, throat, otitis media, sinusitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis
  • lower respiratory tract infections such as pyelonephritis, cystitis and urethritis
  • skin or soft tissue infections such as froncle, pyoderma, impetigo
  • in the treatment and prophylaxis of gonorrhea and lyme diseases in the production of a medicament so as to
  • EXAMPLE 1 Formulation and process for preparation of water soluble granule comprising ceftibuten and potassium clavulanate
  • trisodium citrate is in the range of 3:1 to 1 :1, specifically 1.3:1.
  • Ceftibuten, potassium clavulanate :syloid, sweetener, viscosity agent, citric acid, trisodium citrate, glidant, flavoring agent and the preservative agent are sieved, then mixed.
  • the lubricant is added into the obtained mixture and the powder mixture is filled into sachets.
  • EXAMPLE 2 Formulation and process for preparation of water soluble granule comprising cefdinir and potassium clavulanate
  • Cefdinir, potassium clavulanate microcrystalline cellulose, sweetener, viscosity agent, citric acid, trisodium citrate, glidant, flavoring agent and the preservative agent are sieved, and then mixed.
  • the lubricant is added into the mixture obtained and the powder mixture is filled into sachets.
  • COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 Formulation and process for preparation of water soluble granule comprising cefdinir and potassium clavulanate
  • Cefdinir, potassium clavulanate microcrystalline cellulose, sweetener, viscosity agent, citric acid, trisodium citrate, glidant, flavoring agent and the preservative agent are sieved, and then mixed.
  • the lubricant is added into the mixture obtained and the powder mixture is filled into sachets.
  • COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 2 Formulation and process for preparation of water soluble granule comprising cefdinir and potassium clavulanate
  • Cefdinir, potassium clavulanate microcrystalline cellulose, sweetener, viscosity agent, citric acid, glidant, flavoring agent and the preservative agent are sieved, and then mixed. The lubricant is added into the mixture obtained and the powder mixture is filled into sachets.
  • COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3 Formulation and process for preparation of water soluble granule comprising cefdinir and potassium clavulanate
  • Cefdinir, potassium clavulanatermicrocrystalline cellulose, sweetener, viscosity agent, trisodium citrate, glidant, flavoring agent and the preservative agent are sieved, and then mixed.
  • the lubricant is added into the mixture obtained and the powder mixture is filled into sachets.
  • Table 1 indicates the comparative data of dissolution of the formulations for each example.
  • Table 1 Comparative Data of Dissolution of Cefdinir/ Ceftibuten Formulations in Water Soluble Form

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Cephalosporin Compounds (AREA)
EP11743665A 2010-05-14 2011-05-13 Formulierungen mit einem cephalosporin der dritten generation und clavulansäure Withdrawn EP2568959A2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR201003854 2010-05-14
PCT/TR2011/000124 WO2011142731A2 (en) 2010-05-14 2011-05-13 Formulations comprising a third generation cephalosporin and clavulanic acid

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EP2568959A2 true EP2568959A2 (de) 2013-03-20

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US9265771B2 (en) 2012-01-03 2016-02-23 Zoetis Services Llc Method for treating Lyme disease
CN103142506B (zh) * 2013-04-03 2015-02-25 天津医药集团津康制药有限公司 一种头孢泊肟酯颗粒剂及其制备方法
KR101420315B1 (ko) 2014-03-19 2014-07-17 남봉길 약학적 액제 조성물
US20170252351A1 (en) * 2015-01-24 2017-09-07 Wockhardt Limited Antibacterial Compositions
JP2018523694A (ja) 2015-08-17 2018-08-23 フェリング ベスローテン フェンノートシャップ ピコスルファートおよびクエン酸マグネシウムを含む液体製剤
CN109715156A (zh) 2016-07-14 2019-05-03 尔察祯有限公司 用于治疗细菌感染的头孢布烯和克拉维酸的组合
CN113194943B (zh) * 2021-03-22 2022-11-25 广州新创忆药物临床研究有限公司 一种具有稳定性和抑菌活性的含有头孢噻肟舒巴坦或头孢噻肟他唑巴坦的药物组合物

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WO2011142731A3 (en) 2012-03-08

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