EP2566585B1 - Pressure-relief device with flame arrestor for a housing enclosed in a pressure-proof manner - Google Patents

Pressure-relief device with flame arrestor for a housing enclosed in a pressure-proof manner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2566585B1
EP2566585B1 EP11718060.4A EP11718060A EP2566585B1 EP 2566585 B1 EP2566585 B1 EP 2566585B1 EP 11718060 A EP11718060 A EP 11718060A EP 2566585 B1 EP2566585 B1 EP 2566585B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
relief device
rim
porous body
pores
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EP11718060.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2566585A1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Würz
Bernd Limbacher
Wolf Hermann
Julia HORNIG
Detlef MARKUS
Uwe Klausmeyer
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R Stahl Schaltgeraete GmbH
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R Stahl Schaltgeraete GmbH
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Priority to EP18211099.9A priority Critical patent/EP3482799A1/en
Publication of EP2566585A1 publication Critical patent/EP2566585A1/en
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Publication of EP2566585B1 publication Critical patent/EP2566585B1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C4/00—Flame traps allowing passage of gas but not of flame or explosion wave

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressure relief device for a protective housing for the flameproof encapsulation of equipment that can form sources of ignition.
  • Such protective housings are primarily used to encapsulate electrical equipment that can be used in potentially explosive environments. Such electrical equipment can sometimes act as an ignition source. If explosive gases or gas mixtures have penetrated the flameproof enclosure, they can deflagrate or explode. The resulting pressure must not damage or destroy the housing in such a way that flames or hot particles escape to the outside. The housing must withstand the maximum explosion pressure that occurs.
  • the U.S. 4,180,177 proposes forming a window on a flameproof housing in which a plate made of foam made of stainless steel is provided.
  • This metal foam plate has a considerable pore volume and thus allows both unburned and burned gases to flow out of the housing volume, with the metal foam also acting as an effective flame barrier due to its cooling effect.
  • the UK 1170346 also porous metal bodies as well as metal wool. Further, ceramic filters and porous sintered iron bodies are mentioned as a flame arrester.
  • a dry gas check valve is known to be installed in a pipeline.
  • the gas non-return valve has a pot-like housing screwed to a cover, with a connection for a pipeline being provided on the bottom of the pot and on the cover.
  • a porous stony filling mass is arranged in the pot between two sieve plates. This can be in the form of a solid, porous filling body which is coated with a layer of glaze on its cylindrical outside.
  • a flashback arrestor which has a filter housing.
  • a flashback filter is arranged in the filter housing.
  • the filter consists of a two-part cylindrical cassette whose flat bases have a large number of through-openings.
  • a filter filling made of heat-resistant metal threads tangled in one another is arranged in the cassette, with any channel formation being avoided.
  • GB778,040 discloses another flame arrester for a porous body enclosure.
  • each duct leading from the interior of the housing to the outside must have a narrow gap width and a considerable length.
  • the flame arrestor ensures this by appropriate dimensioning of the mesh size or pore size and the pore volume.
  • the conditions with regard to the gap width that occurs and thus the flame arrestance must be maintained not only on the filter body itself, but also at its transition to its frame. This must in particular also be ensured in the event of the increased internal housing pressure acting on the filter body, which can occur during an explosion or deflagration in the housing interior.
  • the pressure relief device according to the invention has a receiving body with a passage in which a porous body is arranged. This is taken at its edge in or on the receiving body, which can be designed as a separate component or part of the housing wall.
  • the rim comprises the outer peripheral surface as well as the two radially outer rim zones of the preferably flat surfaces through which gases can flow into and out of the housing.
  • the edge is already provided with a pore closure if at least one of the aforementioned surfaces has closed pores. In this way, in particular, flashovers past the edge of the porous body can be avoided.
  • the pore seal made on the edge of the porous body thus improves the security of the pressure relief device against flame propagation.
  • the porous body is formed by a fibrous structure. It can be irregularly arranged fibers, for example made of metal, which are connected to one another, for example by sintering, so that a stiff Forms metal felt-like body with high pore volume.
  • the fibers can consist of a uniform metal or different metals.
  • porous body from wire.
  • a mesh or a knitted fabric made of wire, single-layer or multi-layer fabric made of wire, wire mesh structures or the like can be used for this purpose.
  • Wire fabric composite panels, preferably of multi-layer construction, consist, for example, of planar wire mesh arrangements connected to one another. The same or different wires with the same or different diameters and material properties can be used in the individual layers, as well as in the different layers.
  • metal bodies in the form of several layers of expanded metal or tape winding arrangements as the porous body.
  • the closure of the pores at the edge of the body according to the invention blocks a flame that has arisen, for example, in the housing, from entering the edge region of the fiber structure.
  • the edge-side pore seal prevents the flame from bypassing the porous body. In this way, no flame penetration can take place even at the edge of the porous body.
  • the edge of the porous body can be prestressed against a seating surface provided on the receiving body, in order to close off the pores of the porous body from the outside through firm contact of the edge with the seating surface.
  • Firm abutment between the rim and the seat is preferable achieved by a clamping device.
  • the seat can be conical.
  • the edge is then preferably just such a conical, machined contact surface.
  • the mechanical processing can be, for example, grinding processing, laser cutting processing or similar processing that leaves a smooth surface. “Smooth” is understood to mean a surface whose peak-to-valley height is at most as large as the maximum pore cross section of the porous body. However, the roughness of the contact surface is preferably less.
  • the pore seal ensures that any flames remain enclosed in the housing and do not escape to the outside.
  • the pressure relief device allows (cooled) gases to escape and thus reduces the peak pressure occurring in the housing. The mechanical strength of the protective housing required for flameproof encapsulation can thus be reduced.
  • the body can be gripped at the ring zones on the edge and preferably firmly clamped.
  • edge-side pore closure of the body using a material that closes the pores, for example by penetrating at least somewhat into the pores.
  • This material can be a soft, plastic metal such as tin, a plastic, for example a thermoplastic or a thermoset plastic, an elastomer or the like.
  • This material preferably forms a hoop surrounding the edge of the porous body, which on the one hand closes the pores and on the other hand sits in the receiving body without a gap.
  • this tire can be glued into the receiving body or secured in it by other sealing means.
  • the material (metal or non-metal) enclosing the edge of the porous body can be considered as a gasket. This seal is preferably molded plastically into the pores on the edge of the porous body.
  • a collar can be provided on the tire, which is sealingly connected to the receiving body, e.g. by casting compound. This axially spaces the seal from the porous body. Deformations of the porous body, e.g. as a result of explosions inside the housing, do not damage the seal, so that there are no gaps at the edges. The hoop and the collar also separate the potting from the porous body, so that the penetration of possibly low-viscosity potting compound into the porous body is avoided.
  • a membrane can also be provided, which preferably seals the passage of the receiving body in a gas-permeable but water-impermeable manner.
  • the membrane can also be made of gas-impermeable and/or vapor-impermeable material.
  • a splash guard can be provided.
  • a protective housing 10 which accommodates a number of components, not illustrated further, for example electrical devices such as printed circuit boards, control gear, electronic or electrical components and the like, which can act as ignition sources during operation or in the event of a fault.
  • the protective housing has a pressure-resistant wall 11 which encloses the interior space 12 of the protective housing 10 .
  • the interior 12 is not hermetically sealed from the environment. Combustible gases can thus get into the interior 12 .
  • the wall 11 is tight insofar as there are no openings or gaps at any point through which a flame could spread.
  • the wall 11 comprises side parts 13, 14, an upper end 15 and a base 16.
  • An opening 17 can be provided on the side parts 13, 14 as well as on the upper end 15 and/or the base 16, into which a pressure relief device 18 is used.
  • This establishes a gas-permeable connection between the interior 12 and the environment, preferably having a low flow resistance in order to reduce the size of the pressure peaks that occur in the interior 12 even when explosive reactions occur, by allowing the gases that form to flow out quickly and easily.
  • the pressure relief device 18 is in figure 2 illustrated separately in a first embodiment.
  • the pressure relief device 18 has a receiving body 19 with a central through-channel 20 .
  • the receiving body 19 can be a separate part in all of the embodiments or, alternatively, can also be designed as part of the housing wall 11 . This is intended for to connect the interior 12 of the protective housing 10 to the environment in a pressure-equalizing manner.
  • the through-channel 20 can have a round or polygonal delimitation in cross-section. In the present example, the cross section is circular.
  • the receiving body 19 can be attached to its in figure 2 upper end, which in use faces the interior 12 of the protective housing 10, can be provided with a flange 21 which bears against the inside of the wall 11, for example against the bottom 16.
  • the outer circumference of the receiving body 19 can be provided with fastening means, such as an external thread 22 which serves to fasten the pressure relief device 18 in the opening 17 . This can be provided with a corresponding internal thread. Additionally or alternatively, the receiving body 19 can receive a locking nut on its external thread 22 or be provided with other securing or fastening means.
  • a porous body 23 is arranged in the through-channel 20 and serves as a flame arrester.
  • the porous body 23 is formed into a flat disk-shaped body having a circular outline and a uniform thickness.
  • the receiving body 19 has a perforated bottom 24 which extends transversely through the through-channel 20 and which, for example, can be an integral part of the receiving body 19 and is rigid. It has a large number of holes that allow gas to pass freely.
  • the porous body 23 is located on the side of the sieve bottom 24 facing the interior 12.
  • the porous body 23 preferably has a close-meshed structure up.
  • it consists of several wire grids arranged one above the other.
  • the several lattice layers 25 can be arranged lying loosely one on top of the other or can be connected to one another. If each grid layer 25 consists of wires arranged in parallel in groups, with the wires of one group crossing the wires of the other group and, for example, welding points being provided at the crossing points, the grid layers 25 can also be connected to one another by welding points, soldering points or the like.
  • the lattice layers 25 can also be wire mesh or wire mesh, in which case the various lattice layers 25 can be connected to one another or also be arranged lying loosely on top of one another.
  • the porous body 23 has a surface 26 facing the interior space 12 , a surface 27 lying on the sieve bottom 24 and an edge 28 .
  • the edge 28 includes an edge surface 28a following the surface of a cylinder jacket, as well as radially outer annular zones of the surfaces 26 and 27.
  • the edge 28 is at least partially bordered, at least on the outer edge surface 28a, by a collar 29 made of soft metal, for example tin, which in addition, at least on one side, for example side 26, merges into an annular collar 30 which rests on an outer annular zone of surface 26.
  • the cuff 29 and the annular collar 30 are so soft that under pressure they seal against at least the outer annular zone of the surface 26 and thus form a pore seal 31 .
  • the boot 29 is a plastic seal.
  • a passage 20 or one provided there Internal thread 32 screwed a clamping nut 33 which may have a groove for receiving the annular collar 30, for example, on the surface 26 side facing.
  • the clamping nut 33 When the clamping nut 33 is tightened, it presses the annular collar 30 in the axial direction against the outer edge of the surface 26 and allows the plastic material of the sleeve 29 to flow axially and then optionally also radially inwards, so that the outer pores of the porous body 23 at its edge 28 can be securely closed. Any gaps that may be present here are sealed to such an extent that no flame propagation bypassing the porous body 23 is possible.
  • the passage 20 can also be closed with a membrane 34 .
  • a membrane 34 This consists, for example, of a material that is used for many weatherproof items of clothing. It can be a breathable polymer film made from a block polymer, with hydrophilic and hydrophobic sections alternating in the polymer, for example.
  • the membrane 34 can be secured by a rubber sleeve 35 or similar means on the external socket of the pressure relief device 18.
  • the membrane 34 can be formed from a non-vapour-permeable material.
  • the membrane 34 can be supported by a grid 36 from the inside.
  • the pressure relief device 18 described so far works as follows:
  • the pressure relief device 18 screwed into the opening 17 holds the porous body 23 in connection with the receiving body 19 in a gapless connection.
  • the porous body 23 forms a pressure relief filter at the edge area with a soft metal ring, for example in the form of the sleeve 29.
  • the membrane 34 closes the passage 20 from the outside in a watertight manner.
  • the membrane 34 is preferably breathable and can thus allow gaseous water (water vapor) located in the interior space 12 to escape from the interior space 12, with the result that the interior space 12 is prevented from becoming too humid.
  • FIG. 3 An alternative embodiment of a body 23 is assumed figure 3 emerges, which reproduces the top view of such a body in part.
  • the body 23 here consists of a tissue-cooling material, such as wire, wire rope or the like. Several such layers can be connected to form a flexible or rigid body.
  • the body 23, such as figure 4 shows in a sectional plan view, to be formed by a disordered arrangement of fibers or threads, which can consist, for example, of a metal or a mixture of different fibers, for example also ceramic fibers and metal fibers.
  • figure 4 shows the plan view of a sintered metal fiber body which is formed in such a way that the pores present in it are of different sizes, but no pore is so large that a flame transmission would be possible.
  • a shaped body or powder to be ordered can absorb foreign substances from the air. This can prevent foreign matter from getting into the pores of the body 23 or into the housing.
  • the inner sides of the passage opening 20 can be provided with a coating that continuously releases silver ions. This protects the surfaces from germs and bacteria in the long term, so that no microorganisms can form that would clog the pores of the filter or porous body 23 .
  • the pores of the porous body 23 can also be provided with a coating that releases silver ions in order to rule out bacterial growth.
  • the entire pressure relief device 18 or parts thereof such as the body 23 and/or the membrane 34, to be exchanged or replaced after an explosion.
  • FIG 5 illustrates a modified embodiment of the pressure relief device 18, for which the previous description applies with the exception of the special features explained below:
  • the through-body 19 is designed without a sieve bottom in order to explain by way of example that this is optional in all embodiments.
  • a flat annular seat surface 36 is formed, which serves to accommodate the body 23.
  • the body 23 can be designed according to one of the aforementioned types. He is in figure 6 illustrated separately.
  • its edge 28 is provided with a pore closure 31 which is formed, for example, by a plastic material (or a metal). The material encloses the edge surface 28a and the outer edges of the sides 26, 27 without a gap and penetrates into the outer areas of the pores present there.
  • the tire body 37 formed in this way has, as in particular the detail in figure 7 shows a cylinder jacket-shaped outer side 38 and a flat underside 39 and a flat ring-shaped upper side 40 .
  • a tubular axial extension 41 can extend away from the latter, which adjoins the inner edge of the upper side 40 .
  • the annular space formed between the wall of the through-channel 20 and the axial extension 41 can be filled with sealing compound 42 which ensures that the body 23 is seated in the passage 20 without a gap.
  • the casting compound 42 is prevented from penetrating the porous body 23 in an uncontrolled manner and closing it.
  • the clamping nut 33 can also be screwed into the through-channel 20 in order to securely secure the filter body formed from the body 23 and its casing in the through-passage 20 .
  • the porous body 23 which can be structured according to any of the aforementioned types, has a conical edge surface 28a here instead of a cylindrical edge surface 28a.
  • This is preferably mechanically processed, preferably finely processed, for example by grinding, laser cutting or the like, so that a mechanically processed contact surface 43 is produced.
  • a seat surface 44 which is preferably also conical, is assigned to this, which is arranged following the support surface 36 and concentrically thereto.
  • the clamping nut 33 presses with its annular face on the outer edge of the surface 26 and thus presses the contact surface 43 against the seat surface 44 in order to bring about a gap-free seat of the body 23. Explosion pressure acting on the surface 26 increases the contact pressure between the contact surface 43 and the seat surface 44 and thus prevents gaps from forming, even for a short time. Thus, the contact surface 43 and the seat surface 44 in their described configuration together again form the pore seal 31.
  • the pore closure 31 can also be formed in this form of the receiving body 19 by a hoop-like enclosure of the body 23, this enclosure preferably in turn consisting of a plastic material, for example a thermoplastic or a duroplastic hardening plastic or also a soft metal, e.g. tin.
  • the enclosure surrounds the edge 28 of the body 23 and penetrates at least partially into the open pores present there in order to close them.
  • the enclosing body 45 formed in this way can be provided on the outside with a conical contact surface 46 which interacts with the seat surface 44 without a gap. Again, the tension nut 33 can be used to preload the seat and suppress the formation of gaps.
  • figure 11 illustrates a further embodiment for the pressure relief device 18 with a passage body 19, for example based on the embodiment figure 8 is trained.
  • the body 23 after figure 10 be used.
  • the porous body 23 into an annular enclosing body 45, preferably made of a soft metal.
  • the cylindrical edge of the body 23 rests against the cylindrical inner surface of the enclosing body 45 , which rests with its conical outer surface against the conical seat surface of the receiving body 19 .
  • an axial compression spring 46 and optionally a pressure distribution ring 47 are arranged between the enclosing body 45 and the clamping nut 33 .
  • the clamping nut 33 can be secured with a counter nut 48.
  • the compression spring 46 is designed, for example, in the manner of a disk spring.
  • the enclosing body 45 is preferably made of a soft metal or else a plastic or an elastomer.
  • a shaped body with a large number of labyrinth openings can be provided on the outside of the body 23 . This can serve as splash protection. Preferably When properly installed, this shaped body points downwards.
  • the membrane 34 already described above can form the lower end with a suitable attachment, for example in the form of the rubber sleeve 35 .
  • an extension can also be provided above the flange 21, on which a further membrane 49 is held, for example with a collar 50.
  • the membrane 49 can be designed in accordance with the membrane 34. It is preferably divided in the middle in order to be able to open easily towards the body 23 in the event of an explosion. This releases the through-channel when pressure builds up in the housing and prevents the flame from producing by-products, e.g. from the combustion of the membrane, which get into the pores of the filter and clog it.
  • a silver ion coating on the inside of the clamping nut 33 and/or other parts, e.g. the body 23, can prevent biological colonization and thus clogging of the pores.
  • FIG 12 another embodiment of the invention is illustrated.
  • the receiving body 19 is reduced to a threaded ring 51 here.
  • a tubular extension 52 sits in its central passage, which is glued or vulcanized into the threaded ring 51, for example.
  • the extension 52 consists, for example, of a polymer, an elastomer or some other plastic. It goes above the threaded ring 51 in a flange 53, the flat annular underside comes to rest on the inside of the wall 11 of the protective housing 10 to there to seal seamlessly.
  • the flange 53 consists of a material molded around the rim 28 of the body 23 having partially penetrated the pores of the rim 28 .
  • the threaded ring 51 can be dispensed with.
  • the thread can be applied directly to the extension 52 on the outside.
  • the extension 52 and the flange 53 thus form the receiving body which seals the porous body 23 , the pore closure 31 already explained being provided again on the edge 28 .
  • any other suitable tight fastening means including an adhesive or welded connection can also be provided.
  • FIG. 13 Another way to achieve the pore closure 31 at the edge 28 of the body 23 is in figure 13 illustrated.
  • the clamping nut 33 is provided on its end face facing the body 23 with an annular rib 54 which presses into the outer edge of the surface 26 when the clamping nut 33 is tightened.
  • the surface 36 can be provided with a rib 55 which, when the clamping nut 33 is tightened, into the surface 27 of the body 23 presses.
  • the edge 28 of the body 23 which is preferably made of a wire material, is compressed to such an extent that existing pores largely collapse.
  • the pore volume at the edge 28 of the body 23 is reduced to such an extent that a pore closure 31 is formed.
  • the ribs 54, 55 thus form the means for achieving the pore closure 31.
  • a pressure relief device 18 which comprises a porous body 23 .
  • This is provided with a pore seal 31 at its edge in order to prevent a flame from penetrating through at its edge.
  • the surrounding component forms the receiving body 19 for the pressure relief device.
  • the pore closure forms a gapless composite.
  • the porous unprocessed body 23 can be surrounded at the edge area with a soft metal ring and pressed, for example, by a predetermined cone-like contour of a receiving body and a pressure ring such that a gapless embedding is achieved through the deformation.
  • the deformation can be permanently maintained by resilient elements in order to compensate for the thermal expansion of the different materials in the event of temperature fluctuations.
  • the receiving body 19 can also be formed by the wall 11 itself, for example.
  • the edge area of the body 23 can be modified by being sheathed with materials such as plastic, metal, etc. so that the sheathing together with the receiving body 19 can be bonded or cast to form a form-fitting composite that meets the explosion protection requirements.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Druckentlastungsvorrichtung für ein Schutzgehäuse zur druckfesten Kapselung von Betriebsmitteln, die Zündquellen bilden können.The invention relates to a pressure relief device for a protective housing for the flameproof encapsulation of equipment that can form sources of ignition.

Solche Schutzgehäuse dienen zur Kapselung vor allem elektrischer Betriebsmittel, die in explosionsgefährdeten Umgebungen eingesetzt werden können. Solche elektrischen Betriebsmittel können unter Umständen als Zündquellen wirken. Sind in das druckfest gekapselte Gehäuse explosionsfähige Gase oder Gasgemische eingedrungen, können diese verpuffen oder explodieren. Der dadurch entstehende Druck darf das Gehäuse nicht in einer Weise beschädigen oder zerstören, dass Flammen oder heiße Partikel nach außen gelangen. Das Gehäuse muss dem auftretenden maximalen Explosionsdruck standhalten.Such protective housings are primarily used to encapsulate electrical equipment that can be used in potentially explosive environments. Such electrical equipment can sometimes act as an ignition source. If explosive gases or gas mixtures have penetrated the flameproof enclosure, they can deflagrate or explode. The resulting pressure must not damage or destroy the housing in such a way that flames or hot particles escape to the outside. The housing must withstand the maximum explosion pressure that occurs.

Die US 4,180,177 schlägt dazu vor, an einem druckfest gekapselten Gehäuse ein Fenster auszubilden, in dem eine Platte aus einem Schaum, bestehend aus rostfreiem Stahl, vorgesehen ist. Diese Metallschaumplatte weist ein erhebliches Porenvolumen auf und gestattet somit das Ausströmen von sowohl unverbrannten als auch verbrannten Gasen aus dem Gehäusevolumen, wobei der Metallschaum infolge seiner Kühlwirkung zugleich als wirksame Flammensperre wirkt.the U.S. 4,180,177 proposes forming a window on a flameproof housing in which a plate made of foam made of stainless steel is provided. This metal foam plate has a considerable pore volume and thus allows both unburned and burned gases to flow out of the housing volume, with the metal foam also acting as an effective flame barrier due to its cooling effect.

Als Flammensperre schlägt zum Beispiel die DE 1170346 ebenfalls poröse Metallkörper wie auch Metallwolle vor. Weiter werden Keramikfilter und poröse gesinterte Eisenkörper als Flammensperre erwähnt.As a flame arrestor, for example, the UK 1170346 also porous metal bodies as well as metal wool. Further, ceramic filters and porous sintered iron bodies are mentioned as a flame arrester.

Aus der DE 594 166 ist eine trockene Gasrückschlagsicherung bekannt, die in eine Rohrleitung einzubauen ist. Die Gasrückschlagsicherung weist ein topfartiges, mit einem Deckel verschraubtes Gehäuse auf, wobei an dem Topfboden und an dem Deckel jeweils ein Anschluss für eine Rohrleitung vorgesehen ist. In dem Topf ist zwischen zwei Siebplatten eine poröse steinige Füllmasse angeordnet. Diese kann als massiv-poröser Füllkörper ausgebildet sein, der an seiner zylindrischen Außenseite mit einer Glasurschicht überzogen ist.From the DE 594 166 a dry gas check valve is known to be installed in a pipeline. The gas non-return valve has a pot-like housing screwed to a cover, with a connection for a pipeline being provided on the bottom of the pot and on the cover. A porous stony filling mass is arranged in the pot between two sieve plates. This can be in the form of a solid, porous filling body which is coated with a layer of glaze on its cylindrical outside.

Weiter ist aus der CH 385741 C eine Flammenrückschlagsicherung bekannt, die ein Filtergehäuse aufweist. In dem Filtergehäuse ist ein Flammenrückschlagfilter angeordnet. Das Filter besteht aus einer zweiteiligen zylindrischen Kasette, deren ebene Böden eine Vielzahl von Durchlassöffnungen aufweisen. In der Kassette ist eine Filterfüllung aus wirr ineinander verflochtenen hitzebeständigen Metallfäden angeordnet, wobei jede Kanalbildung unterbleiben soll.Next is from the CH 385741C a flashback arrestor is known which has a filter housing. A flashback filter is arranged in the filter housing. The filter consists of a two-part cylindrical cassette whose flat bases have a large number of through-openings. A filter filling made of heat-resistant metal threads tangled in one another is arranged in the cassette, with any channel formation being avoided.

GB 778,040 offenbart eine weitere Flammendurchschlagsicherung für ein Gehäuse mit einem porösen Körper. GB778,040 discloses another flame arrester for a porous body enclosure.

Um den Flammendurchschlag wirksam zu verhindern, muss jeder vom Gehäuseinnenraum nach außen führende Kanal eine enge Spaltweite und eine erhebliche Länge aufweisen. Die Flammensperre stellt dies durch entsprechende Bemessung der Maschengröße oder Porengröße und des Porenvolumens sicher. Die Verhältnisse hinsichtlich der auftretende Spaltweite und somit der Flammendurchschlagsicherheit müssen nicht nur am Filterkörper selbst, sondern auch an seinem Übergang zu seiner Einfassung eingehalten werden. Dies muss insbesondere auch für den Fall des auf den Filterkörper einwirkenden erhöhten Gehäuseinnendrucks sichergestellt sein, der während einer Explosion oder Verpuffung im Gehäuseinnenraum auftreten kann.In order to effectively prevent the spread of flames, each duct leading from the interior of the housing to the outside must have a narrow gap width and a considerable length. The flame arrestor ensures this by appropriate dimensioning of the mesh size or pore size and the pore volume. The conditions with regard to the gap width that occurs and thus the flame arrestance must be maintained not only on the filter body itself, but also at its transition to its frame. This must in particular also be ensured in the event of the increased internal housing pressure acting on the filter body, which can occur during an explosion or deflagration in the housing interior.

Davon ausgehend, ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Druckentlastung für ein Schutzgehäuse zur druckfesten Kapselung zu schaffen, das auf einfache Weise eine hohe Sicherheit gegen Flammendurchschlag aufweist.Proceeding from this, it is the object of the invention to create a pressure relief device for a protective housing for pressure-resistant encapsulation which, in a simple manner, has a high degree of security against the transmission of flames.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit der Druckentlastungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 gelöst:
Die erfindungsgemäße Druckentlastungsvorrichtung weist einen Aufnahmekörper mit einem Durchgang auf, in dem ein poröser Körper angeordnet ist. Dieser ist an seinem Rand in oder an dem Aufnahmekörper gefasst, der als gesondertes Bauteil oder Teil der Gehäusewand ausgebildet sein kann. Der Rand umfasst die Außenumfangsfläche sowie die beiden radial äußeren Randzonen der vorzugsweise flachen Flächen, durch die Gase in das und aus dem Gehäuse strömen können. Der Rand ist schon dann mit einem Porenverschluss versehen, wenn wenigstens eine der vorgenannten Flächen verschlossene Poren aufweisen. Dadurch können insbesondere Flammendurchschläge am Rand des porösen Körpers vorbei vermieden werden. Damit verbessert der an dem porösen Körper vorgenommene randseitige Porenverschluss, die Sicherheit der Druckentlastungsvorrichtung gegen Flammendurchschlag.This object is achieved with the pressure relief device according to claim 1:
The pressure relief device according to the invention has a receiving body with a passage in which a porous body is arranged. This is taken at its edge in or on the receiving body, which can be designed as a separate component or part of the housing wall. The rim comprises the outer peripheral surface as well as the two radially outer rim zones of the preferably flat surfaces through which gases can flow into and out of the housing. The edge is already provided with a pore closure if at least one of the aforementioned surfaces has closed pores. In this way, in particular, flashovers past the edge of the porous body can be avoided. The pore seal made on the edge of the porous body thus improves the security of the pressure relief device against flame propagation.

Der poröse Körper ist durch eine Faserstruktur gebildet. Es kann sich hier um unregelmäßig angeordnete Fasern beispielsweise aus Metall handeln, die miteinander zum Beispiel durch Sintern verbunden sind, so dass sich ein steifer Metallfilz-artiger Körper mit hohem Porenvolumen bildet. Die Fasern können aus einem einheitlichen oder unterschiedlichen Metallen bestehen.The porous body is formed by a fibrous structure. It can be irregularly arranged fibers, for example made of metal, which are connected to one another, for example by sintering, so that a stiff Forms metal felt-like body with high pore volume. The fibers can consist of a uniform metal or different metals.

Es ist auch möglich, den porösen Körper aus Draht auszubilden. Beispielsweise kann dazu ein Geflecht oder ein Gestrick aus Draht, ein- oder mehrlagiges Gewebe aus Draht, Drahtgitterstrukturen oder dergleichen dienen. Vorzugsweise mehrlagig aufgebaute Drahtgewebe-Verbundplatten bestehen zum Beispiel aus untereinander verbundenen ebenen Maschenanordnungen aus Draht. Dabei können in den einzelnen Lagen, wie auch in den verschiedenen Lagen jeweils gleiche oder unterschiedliche Drähte mit gleichen oder unterschiedlichen Durchmessern und Materialeigenschaften zur Anwendung kommen.It is also possible to form the porous body from wire. For example, a mesh or a knitted fabric made of wire, single-layer or multi-layer fabric made of wire, wire mesh structures or the like can be used for this purpose. Wire fabric composite panels, preferably of multi-layer construction, consist, for example, of planar wire mesh arrangements connected to one another. The same or different wires with the same or different diameters and material properties can be used in the individual layers, as well as in the different layers.

Weiter ist es möglich, als porösen Körper Metallkörper in Gestalt mehrerer Streckmetalllagen oder Bandwickelanordnungen vorzusehen.It is also possible to provide metal bodies in the form of several layers of expanded metal or tape winding arrangements as the porous body.

Der erfindungsgemäße randseitige Porenverschluss des Körpers versperrt einer zum Beispiel in dem Gehäuse entstandenen Flamme den Weg in den Randbereich der Faserstruktur. Insbesondere verhindert der randseitige Porenverschluss die Umgehung des porösen Körpers durch die Flamme. So kann auch am Rand des porösen Körpers kein Flammendurchschlag erfolgen.The closure of the pores at the edge of the body according to the invention blocks a flame that has arisen, for example, in the housing, from entering the edge region of the fiber structure. In particular, the edge-side pore seal prevents the flame from bypassing the porous body. In this way, no flame penetration can take place even at the edge of the porous body.

Zu dem Porenverschluss kann beispielsweise eine Vorspannung des Randes des porösen Körpers gegen eine an dem Aufnahmekörper vorgesehen Sitzfläche gegeben sein, um durch eine feste Anlage des Rands an der Sitzfläche die Poren des porösen Körpers nach außen abzuschließen. Die feste Anlage zwischen dem Rand und der Sitzfläche wird vorzugsweise durch eine Spanneinrichtung erzielt. Zum Beispiel kann die Sitzfläche konisch ausgebildet sein. Der Rand ist dann vorzugsweise eine ebensolche konische, mechanisch bearbeitete Anlagefläche. Die mechanische Bearbeitung kann beispielsweise eine Schleifbearbeitung, eine Laserschneidbearbeitung oder eine ähnliche Bearbeitung sein, die eine glatte Fläche hinterlässt. Unter "glatt" wird dabei eine Fläche verstanden, deren Rautiefe höchstens so groß ist, wie der maximale Porenquerschnitt des porösen Körpers. Vorzugsweise ist die Rauheit der Anlagefläche jedoch geringer. Durch den somit gegebenen spaltfreien Sitz des porösen Körpers sind zwischen dem porösen Material und dem umgebenden Werkstoff, also der Sitzfläche, keine Spalte mehr vorhanden, die größer als die des porösen Materials sind. Damit wird eine Umgehung des porösen Körpers durch heiße Gase, Partikel oder Flammen verhindert.To close the pores, for example, the edge of the porous body can be prestressed against a seating surface provided on the receiving body, in order to close off the pores of the porous body from the outside through firm contact of the edge with the seating surface. Firm abutment between the rim and the seat is preferable achieved by a clamping device. For example, the seat can be conical. The edge is then preferably just such a conical, machined contact surface. The mechanical processing can be, for example, grinding processing, laser cutting processing or similar processing that leaves a smooth surface. “Smooth” is understood to mean a surface whose peak-to-valley height is at most as large as the maximum pore cross section of the porous body. However, the roughness of the contact surface is preferably less. Due to the resulting gap-free fit of the porous body, there are no longer any gaps between the porous material and the surrounding material, ie the seat surface, which are larger than those of the porous material. This prevents hot gases, particles or flames from bypassing the porous body.

Der Porenverschluss bewirkt, dass entstehende Flammen in dem Gehäuse eingeschlossen bleiben und nicht nach außen treten. Die Druckentlastungsvorrichtung lässt jedoch (gekühlte) Gase austreten und mindert somit den im Gehäuse auftretenden Spitzendruck. Die zur druckfesten Kapselung erforderliche mechanische Festigkeit des Schutzgehäuses kann somit gesenkt werden.The pore seal ensures that any flames remain enclosed in the housing and do not escape to the outside. However, the pressure relief device allows (cooled) gases to escape and thus reduces the peak pressure occurring in the housing. The mechanical strength of the protective housing required for flameproof encapsulation can thus be reduced.

Es hat sich als zweckmäßig herausgestellt, Mittel vorzusehen, die den spaltfreien Anschluss des porösen Körpers an den Aufnahmekörper auch dann sicherstellen, wenn sich der poröse Körper, beispielsweise infolge der auf ihn einwirkenden Last, etwas bewegt oder verformt. Hierzu kann der Körper an randseitigen Ringzonen gefasst und vorzugsweise fest eingespannt sein. Weiter kann es vorteilhaft sein, den Rand des porösen Körpers konisch so auszubilden, dass er sich vom Gehäuseinneren aus gesehen nach außen hin verjüngt. In dem Gehäuse auftretender Explosionsdruck bewirkt dadurch ein festeres Anpressen der randseitigen Anlagefläche des porösen Körpers an die Sitzfläche des Aufnahmekörpers und somit eine verbesserte Abdichtung an dieser Stelle.It has proven to be expedient to provide means that ensure the gap-free connection of the porous body to the receiving body even if the porous body moves or deforms slightly, for example as a result of the load acting on it. For this purpose, the body can be gripped at the ring zones on the edge and preferably firmly clamped. Next, it may be advantageous to form the edge of the porous body conical so that he seen from the inside of the housing tapers outwards. The explosion pressure occurring in the housing thereby causes the peripheral contact surface of the porous body to be pressed more firmly against the seating surface of the receiving body and thus an improved seal at this point.

Es ist auch möglich, den porösen Körper mit einer Randeinspannung zu fassen, die einen so hohen Spanndruck aufbringt, dass die Poren des porösen Körpers im Einwirkungsbereich der Randeinspannung kollabieren, wodurch wiederum der Porenverschluss gegeben ist. Dies ist insbesondere (aber nicht ausschließlich) bei porösen Körpern aus Draht zweckmäßig.It is also possible to grip the porous body with an edge clamp that applies such a high clamping pressure that the pores of the porous body collapse in the area where the edge clamp is applied, which in turn results in the pores being closed. This is particularly (but not exclusively) useful for porous wire bodies.

Weiter hat es sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, den randseitigen Porenverschluss des Körpers durch ein Material herzustellen, das die Poren verschließt, beispielsweise indem es in die Poren zumindest etwas eindringt. Es kann sich bei diesem Material um ein weiches plastisches Metall, wie beispielsweise Zinn, einen Kunststoff, zum Beispiel einen thermoplastischen oder einen duroplastischen Kunststoff, ein Elastomer oder dergleichen handeln. Vorzugsweise bildet dieses Material einen den Rand des porösen Körpers umschließenden Reifen, der einerseits die Poren verschließt und andererseits spaltfrei in dem Aufnahmekörper sitzt. Zusätzlich kann dieser Reifen in den Aufnahmekörper eingeklebt oder durch sonstige Dichtungsmittel in diesem gesichert sein. Das den Rand des porösen Körpers umschließende Material (Metall oder Nichtmetall) kann als Dichtung angesehen werden. Diese Dichtung formt sich vorzugsweise plastisch in die randseitigen Poren des porösen Körpers ein.Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous to produce the edge-side pore closure of the body using a material that closes the pores, for example by penetrating at least somewhat into the pores. This material can be a soft, plastic metal such as tin, a plastic, for example a thermoplastic or a thermoset plastic, an elastomer or the like. This material preferably forms a hoop surrounding the edge of the porous body, which on the one hand closes the pores and on the other hand sits in the receiving body without a gap. In addition, this tire can be glued into the receiving body or secured in it by other sealing means. The material (metal or non-metal) enclosing the edge of the porous body can be considered as a gasket. This seal is preferably molded plastically into the pores on the edge of the porous body.

An dem Reifen kann ein Kragen vorgesehen sein, der mit dem Aufnahmekörper z.B. durch Vergussmasse abdichtend verbunden ist. Damit wird die Abdichtung axial von dem porösen Körper beabstandet. Verformungen des porösen Körpers z.B. infolge von Explosionen im Gehäuseinneren schädigen nicht die Abdichtung, so dass randseitige Spaltfreiheit sichergestellt bleibt. Der Reifen und der Kragen trennen außerdem den Verguss von dem porösen Körper, so dass das Eindringen von womöglich dünnflüssiger Vergussmasse in den porösen Körper vermieden wird.A collar can be provided on the tire, which is sealingly connected to the receiving body, e.g. by casting compound. This axially spaces the seal from the porous body. Deformations of the porous body, e.g. as a result of explosions inside the housing, do not damage the seal, so that there are no gaps at the edges. The hoop and the collar also separate the potting from the porous body, so that the penetration of possibly low-viscosity potting compound into the porous body is avoided.

Weiter kann zusätzlich eine Membrane vorgesehen sein, die den Durchgang des Aufnahmekörpers vorzugsweise gasdurchlässig, dabei aber wasserundurchlässig abdichtet. Die Membrane kann aber auch aus gasundurchlässigem und oder dampfundurchlässigem Material ausgebildet sein. Ergänzend oder alternativ kann ein Spritzschutz vorgesehen sein.In addition, a membrane can also be provided, which preferably seals the passage of the receiving body in a gas-permeable but water-impermeable manner. However, the membrane can also be made of gas-impermeable and/or vapor-impermeable material. Additionally or alternatively, a splash guard can be provided.

Weitere vorteilhafte Details von Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Beschreibung oder der Zeichnung sowie gegebenenfalls von Unteransprüche. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 ein Schutzgehäuse mit Druckentlastungsvorrichtung, in schematisierter Darstellung,
  • Figur 2 die Druckentlastungsvorrichtung nach Figur 1, in perspektivischer Vertikalschnittdarstellung,
  • Figur 3, 4verschiedene Strukturen für einen in der Druckentlastungsvorrichtung nach Figur 2 anwendbaren porösen Körper,
  • Figur 5 eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform der Druckentlastungsvorrichtung nach Figur 1, in perspektivischer Vertikalschnittdarstellung,
  • Figur 6 einen porösen Körper mit Porenverschluss, in separater perspektivischer Vertikalschnittdarstellung,
  • Figur 7 den Rand des Körpers nach Figur 6, in perspektivischer Vertikalschnittdarstellung,
  • Figur 8 eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Druckentlastungsvorrichtung, in perspektivischer Vertikalschnittdarstellung,
  • Figur 9 u. 10 verschiedene poröse Körper für die Druckentlastungsvorrichtung nach Figur 8, in perspektivischer Vertikalschnittdarstellung,
  • Figur 11 eine weiter abgewandelte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Druckentlastungsvorrichtung, in perspektivischer Vertikalschnittdarstellung,
  • Figur 12 eine einfache Alternativausführungsform für die erfindungsgemäße Druckentlastungsvorrichtung, in perspektivischer Vertikalschnittdarstellung
  • Figur 13 eine weitere Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Druckentlastungsvorrichtung, in perspektivischer Vertikalschnittdarstellung.
Further advantageous details of embodiments of the invention are the subject of the description or the drawing and, if applicable, of the dependent claims. Show it:
  • figure 1 a protective housing with pressure relief device, in a schematic representation,
  • figure 2 the pressure relief device figure 1 , in a perspective vertical section,
  • Figure 3, 4 different structures for one in the pressure relief device figure 2 applicable porous body,
  • figure 5 a modified embodiment of the pressure relief device to figure 1 , in a perspective vertical section,
  • figure 6 a porous body with pore closure, in a separate perspective vertical sectional view,
  • figure 7 the edge of the body figure 6 , in a perspective vertical section,
  • figure 8 a further embodiment of a pressure relief device according to the invention, in a perspective vertical sectional view,
  • figure 9 and 10 different porous bodies for the pressure relief device figure 8 , in a perspective vertical section,
  • figure 11 a further modified embodiment of the pressure relief device according to the invention, in a perspective vertical sectional view,
  • figure 12 a simple alternative embodiment for the pressure relief device according to the invention, in a perspective vertical sectional view
  • figure 13 a further embodiment of a pressure relief device according to the invention, in a perspective vertical sectional view.

In Figur 1 ist ein Schutzgehäuse 10 veranschaulicht, das mehrere nicht weiter veranschaulichte Komponenten, beispielsweise elektrische Einrichtungen wie Leiterplatten, Betriebsgeräte, elektronische oder elektrische Komponenten und dergleichen beherbergt, die betriebsmäßig oder im Fehlerfalle als Zündquellen wirken können. Das Schutzgehäuse weist eine druckfeste Wandung 11 auf, die den Innenraum 12 des Schutzgehäuses 10 umschließt. Der Innenraum 12 ist gegen die Umgebung nicht hermetisch abgedichtet. Es können somit brennbare Gase in den Innenraum 12 gelangen. Jedoch ist die Wandung 11 insoweit dicht, als an keiner Stelle Öffnungen oder Spalten vorgesehen sind, durch die ein Flammendurchschlag erfolgen könnte.In figure 1 a protective housing 10 is illustrated, which accommodates a number of components, not illustrated further, for example electrical devices such as printed circuit boards, control gear, electronic or electrical components and the like, which can act as ignition sources during operation or in the event of a fault. The protective housing has a pressure-resistant wall 11 which encloses the interior space 12 of the protective housing 10 . The interior 12 is not hermetically sealed from the environment. Combustible gases can thus get into the interior 12 . However, the wall 11 is tight insofar as there are no openings or gaps at any point through which a flame could spread.

Die Wandung 11 umfasst Seitenteile 13, 14, einen oberen Abschluss 15 und einen Boden 16. Sowohl an den Seitenteilen 13, 14 als auch an dem oberen Abschluss 15 und/oder dem Boden 16 kann eine Öffnung 17 vorgesehen sein, in die eine Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18 eingesetzt ist. Diese stellt eine gasdurchlässige Verbindung zwischen dem Innenraum 12 und der Umgebung her, wobei sie vorzugsweise einen geringen Strömungswiderstand aufweist, um auch bei Ablauf explosionsartiger Reaktionen in den Innenraum 12 die Größe der entstehenden Druckspitzen zu vermindern, indem entstehende Gase schnell und leicht ausströmen können.The wall 11 comprises side parts 13, 14, an upper end 15 and a base 16. An opening 17 can be provided on the side parts 13, 14 as well as on the upper end 15 and/or the base 16, into which a pressure relief device 18 is used. This establishes a gas-permeable connection between the interior 12 and the environment, preferably having a low flow resistance in order to reduce the size of the pressure peaks that occur in the interior 12 even when explosive reactions occur, by allowing the gases that form to flow out quickly and easily.

Die Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18 ist in Figur 2 in einer ersten Ausführungsform gesondert veranschaulicht. Die Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18 weist einen Aufnahmekörper 19 mit einem zentralen Durchgangskanal 20 auf. Der Aufnahmekörper 19 kann, wie dargestellt, bei allen Ausführungsformen ein gesondertes Teil oder alternativ auch als Teil der Gehäusewand 11 ausgebildet sein. Dieser ist dafür vorgesehen, den Innenraum 12 des Schutzgehäuses 10 mit der Umgebung in druckausgleichender Weise zu verbinden. Der Durchgangskanal 20 kann im Querschnitt rund oder polygonal begrenzt sein. Im vorliegenden Beispiel ist der Querschnitt kreisförmig.The pressure relief device 18 is in figure 2 illustrated separately in a first embodiment. The pressure relief device 18 has a receiving body 19 with a central through-channel 20 . As shown, the receiving body 19 can be a separate part in all of the embodiments or, alternatively, can also be designed as part of the housing wall 11 . This is intended for to connect the interior 12 of the protective housing 10 to the environment in a pressure-equalizing manner. The through-channel 20 can have a round or polygonal delimitation in cross-section. In the present example, the cross section is circular.

Der Aufnahmekörper 19 kann an seinem in Figur 2 oberen, in Gebrauch dem Innenraum 12 des Schutzgehäuse 10 zugewandten Ende mit einem Flansch 21 versehen sein, der an der Innenseite der Wandung 11, beispielsweise an dem Boden 16 anliegt. Der Außenumfang des Aufnahmekörpers 19 kann mit Befestigungsmitteln, wie beispielsweise einem Außengewinde 22 versehen sein, das der Befestigung der Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18 in der Öffnung 17 dient. Diese kann dazu mit einem entsprechenden Innengewinde versehen sein. Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann der Aufnahmekörper 19 an seinem Außengewinde 22 eine Sicherungsmutter aufnehmen oder mit sonstigen Sicherungs- oder Befestigungsmitteln versehen sein.The receiving body 19 can be attached to its in figure 2 upper end, which in use faces the interior 12 of the protective housing 10, can be provided with a flange 21 which bears against the inside of the wall 11, for example against the bottom 16. The outer circumference of the receiving body 19 can be provided with fastening means, such as an external thread 22 which serves to fasten the pressure relief device 18 in the opening 17 . This can be provided with a corresponding internal thread. Additionally or alternatively, the receiving body 19 can receive a locking nut on its external thread 22 or be provided with other securing or fastening means.

In dem Durchgangskanal 20 ist ein poröser Körper 23 angeordnet, der als Flammensperre dient. Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ist der poröse Körper 23 als flacher, scheibenförmiger Körper mit kreisförmigem Umriss und gleichförmiger Dicke ausgebildet. Zur Abstützung des porösen Körpers 23 weist der Aufnahmekörper 19 einen sich quer durch den Durchgangskanal 20 erstreckenden Siebboden 24 auf, der zum Beispiel einstückiger Bestandteil des Aufnahmekörpers 19 sein kann und steif ausgebildet ist. Er weist eine große Anzahl von Löchern auf, die freien Gasdurchtritt gewähren. Der poröse Körper 23 liegt an der dem Innenraum 12 zugewandten Seite des Siebbodens 24.A porous body 23 is arranged in the through-channel 20 and serves as a flame arrester. In the present embodiment, the porous body 23 is formed into a flat disk-shaped body having a circular outline and a uniform thickness. To support the porous body 23, the receiving body 19 has a perforated bottom 24 which extends transversely through the through-channel 20 and which, for example, can be an integral part of the receiving body 19 and is rigid. It has a large number of holes that allow gas to pass freely. The porous body 23 is located on the side of the sieve bottom 24 facing the interior 12.

Der poröse Körper 23 weist vorzugsweise eine engmaschige Struktur auf. Beispielsweise besteht er, wie in Figur 2 dargestellt, aus mehreren übereinander angeordneten Drahtgittern. Die mehreren Gitterlagen 25 können lose aufeinander liegend angeordnet oder untereinander verbunden sein. Wenn jede Gitterlage 25 aus gruppenweise parallel angeordneten Drähten besteht, wobei die Drähte der einen Gruppe die Drähte der anderen Gruppe kreuzen und an den Kreuzungspunkten zum Beispiel Schweißpunkte vorgesehen sind, können die Gitterlagen 25 untereinander ebenfalls durch Schweißpunkte, Lötpunkte oder dergleichen verbunden sein. Es kann sich bei den Gitterlagen 25 jedoch auch um Drahtgewebe oder Drahtgeflecht handeln, wobei die verschiedenen Gitterlagen 25 untereinander verbunden oder auch lose aufeinander liegend angeordnet sein können.The porous body 23 preferably has a close-meshed structure up. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, it consists of several wire grids arranged one above the other. The several lattice layers 25 can be arranged lying loosely one on top of the other or can be connected to one another. If each grid layer 25 consists of wires arranged in parallel in groups, with the wires of one group crossing the wires of the other group and, for example, welding points being provided at the crossing points, the grid layers 25 can also be connected to one another by welding points, soldering points or the like. However, the lattice layers 25 can also be wire mesh or wire mesh, in which case the various lattice layers 25 can be connected to one another or also be arranged lying loosely on top of one another.

Der poröse Körper 23 weist eine dem Innenraum 12 zugewandte Fläche 26, eine auf dem Siebboden 24 liegende Fläche 27 und einen Rand 28 auf. Zu dem Rand 28 gehören eine der Fläche eines Zylindermantels folgenden Randfläche 28a sowie radial äußere Ringzonen der Flächen 26 und 27. Der Rand 28 ist zumindest teilweise, zumindest an der äußeren Randfläche 28a von einer Manschette 29 aus weichem Metall, beispielsweise Zinn, eingefasst, die außerdem zumindest an einer Seite, beispielsweise der Seite 26, in einem Ringbund 30 übergeht, der auf einer äußeren Ringzone der Fläche 26 aufliegt. Die Manschette 29 und der Ringbund 30 sind so weich, dass sie unter Druck abdichtend zumindest an der äußeren Ringzone der Fläche 26 anliegt und somit einen Porenverschluss 31 bildet. Die Manschette 29 ist eine plastische Dichtung.The porous body 23 has a surface 26 facing the interior space 12 , a surface 27 lying on the sieve bottom 24 and an edge 28 . The edge 28 includes an edge surface 28a following the surface of a cylinder jacket, as well as radially outer annular zones of the surfaces 26 and 27. The edge 28 is at least partially bordered, at least on the outer edge surface 28a, by a collar 29 made of soft metal, for example tin, which in addition, at least on one side, for example side 26, merges into an annular collar 30 which rests on an outer annular zone of surface 26. The cuff 29 and the annular collar 30 are so soft that under pressure they seal against at least the outer annular zone of the surface 26 and thus form a pore seal 31 . The boot 29 is a plastic seal.

Um den Ringbund 30 fest an den porösen Körper 23 anzupressen, ist in dem Durchgang 20 bzw. in ein dort vorgesehenes Innengewinde 32 eine Spannmutter 33 eingeschraubt, die zum Beispiel an der der Fläche 26 zugewandten Seite eine Nut zur Aufnahme des Ringbunds 30 aufweisen kann. Wird die Spannmutter 33 festgezogen, presst sie den Ringbund 30 in Axialrichtung an den äußeren Rand der Fläche 26 und lässt das plastische Material der Manschette 29 axial und dann gegebenenfalls auch radial nach innen fließen, so dass die äußeren Poren des porösen Körpers 23 an seinem Rand 28 sicher verschlossen werden. Alle hier möglicherweise vorhandenen Spalte sind so weit abgedichtet, dass kein Flammendurchschlag unter Umgehung des porösen Körpers 23 möglich ist.In order to press the annular collar 30 firmly against the porous body 23, there is a passage 20 or one provided there Internal thread 32 screwed a clamping nut 33, which may have a groove for receiving the annular collar 30, for example, on the surface 26 side facing. When the clamping nut 33 is tightened, it presses the annular collar 30 in the axial direction against the outer edge of the surface 26 and allows the plastic material of the sleeve 29 to flow axially and then optionally also radially inwards, so that the outer pores of the porous body 23 at its edge 28 can be securely closed. Any gaps that may be present here are sealed to such an extent that no flame propagation bypassing the porous body 23 is possible.

Optional kann der Durchgang 20 außerdem mit einer Membrane 34 verschlossen sein. Diese besteht beispielsweise aus einem Material, wie es für viele wetterfeste Kleidungsstücke verwendet wird. Es kann sich um eine atmungsaktive Polymerfolie aus einem Blockpolymer handeln, wobei sich in dem Polymer z.B. hydrophile und hydrophobe Abschnitte abwechseln. Die Membrane 34 kann durch eine Gummimanschette 35 oder ähnliche Mittel an dem außen liegenden Stutzen der Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18 gesichert werden. Alternativ kann die Membrane 34 aus einem nicht dampfdurchlässigen Material ausgebildet sein. Außerdem kann die Membrane 34 von innen her durch ein Gitter 36 abgestützt werden.Optionally, the passage 20 can also be closed with a membrane 34 . This consists, for example, of a material that is used for many weatherproof items of clothing. It can be a breathable polymer film made from a block polymer, with hydrophilic and hydrophobic sections alternating in the polymer, for example. The membrane 34 can be secured by a rubber sleeve 35 or similar means on the external socket of the pressure relief device 18. Alternatively, the membrane 34 can be formed from a non-vapour-permeable material. In addition, the membrane 34 can be supported by a grid 36 from the inside.

Die insoweit beschriebene Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18 arbeitet wie folgt:
Die in die Öffnung 17 eingeschraubte Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18 hält den porösen Körper 23 in Verbindung mit dem Aufnahmekörper 19 in spaltlosem Verbund. Der poröse Körper 23 bildet einen Druckentlastungsfilter, der am Randbereich mit einem weichen Metallring zum Beispiel in Gestalt der Manschette 29 umfasst ist. Durch Festziehen, d.h. axiales Spannen der Spannmutter 23 und die damit einhergehende Verformung der weichen Manschette 29 wird eine spaltlose Einbettung des porösen Körpers 23 erreicht.The pressure relief device 18 described so far works as follows:
The pressure relief device 18 screwed into the opening 17 holds the porous body 23 in connection with the receiving body 19 in a gapless connection. The porous body 23 forms a pressure relief filter at the edge area with a soft metal ring, for example in the form of the sleeve 29. By tightening, ie axial tensioning of the clamping nut 23 and the associated deformation of the soft sleeve 29, a gapless embedding of the porous body 23 is achieved.

Die Membrane 34 schließt den Durchgang 20 wasserdicht nach außen ab. Die Membrane 34 ist vorzugsweise atmungsaktiv und kann somit in dem Innenraum 12 befindliches gasförmiges Wasser (Wasserdampf) aus dem Innenraum 12 austreten lassen, womit eine Überfeuchtung des Innenraums 12 vermieden wird.The membrane 34 closes the passage 20 from the outside in a watertight manner. The membrane 34 is preferably breathable and can thus allow gaseous water (water vapor) located in the interior space 12 to escape from the interior space 12, with the result that the interior space 12 is prevented from becoming too humid.

Kommt es in dem Innenraum 12 zu einer Explosion oder Verpuffung geht damit ein plötzlicher Druckanstieg in dem Innenraum 12 einher. Es kann sich eine durch den porösen Körper 23 kaum behinderte Gasströmung nach außen bilden. Diese kann die Membrane 34 von der Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18 absprengen, sie aufreißen oder anderweitig öffnen. Die durch den porösen Körper 23 austretende Gasströmung wird von dem Körper 23 hinreichend gekühlt, so dass keine heißen Partikel oder Flammen aus der Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18 entkommen. Damit wird ein Zünden eines außerhalb des Schutzgehäuses 10 möglicherweise vorhandenen zündfähigen Gasgemisches sicher ausgeschlossen.If an explosion or deflagration occurs in the interior space 12, this is accompanied by a sudden increase in pressure in the interior space 12. A gas flow to the outside which is hardly impeded by the porous body 23 can form. This can blast the membrane 34 off the pressure relief device 18, tear it open or open it in some other way. The gas flow exiting through the porous body 23 is sufficiently cooled by the body 23 so that no hot particles or flames escape from the pressure relief device 18 . This reliably rules out ignition of an ignitable gas mixture that may be present outside of the protective housing 10 .

Durch den geringen Strömungswiderstand und die relativ große Fläche des porösen Körpers 23 wird ein übermäßiger Druckanstieg in dem Innenraum 12 verhindert. Dies kann bei der Bemessung der Druckfestigkeit des Schutzgehäuses 10 berücksichtigt werden. Somit kann durch Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18 der Materialaufwand und der konstruktive Aufwand für das Schutzgehäuse 10 gemindert werden. Außerdem kann es gelingen, das Schutzgehäuse 10 für außergewöhnliche tiefe Temperaturen auszulegen, bei denen eine größere Menge zündfähigen Gases in das Gehäuse dringen kann und das für den Aufbau der Wandung 11 verwendete Material, zum Beispiel infolge zunehmender Sprödigkeit, eine abnehmende mechanische Festigkeit hat.Due to the low flow resistance and the relatively large area of the porous body 23, an excessive increase in pressure in the interior space 12 is prevented. This can be taken into account when dimensioning the pressure resistance of the protective housing 10. Thus, by using the pressure relief device 18 according to the invention, the cost of materials and the design effort for the protective housing 10 to be reduced. In addition, it can be possible to design the protective housing 10 for exceptionally low temperatures, at which a larger quantity of ignitable gas can penetrate into the housing and the material used for the construction of the wall 11 has a decreasing mechanical strength, for example due to increasing brittleness.

Eine alternative Ausführungsform eines Körpers 23 geht aus Figur 3 hervor, die die Draufsicht auf einen solchen Körper ausschnittsweise wiedergibt. Wie ersichtlich besteht der Körper 23 hier aus einem Gewebe kühlenden Materials, wie beispielsweise Draht, Drahtseil oder dergleichen. Mehrere solcher Lagen können zu einem flexiblen oder auch starren Körper miteinander verbunden sein.An alternative embodiment of a body 23 is assumed figure 3 emerges, which reproduces the top view of such a body in part. As can be seen, the body 23 here consists of a tissue-cooling material, such as wire, wire rope or the like. Several such layers can be connected to form a flexible or rigid body.

Es ist alternativ möglich, den Körper 23, wie Figur 4 in einer ausschnittsweisen Draufsicht zeigt, durch eine ungeordnete Anordnung von Fasern oder Fäden zu bilden, die zum Beispiel aus einem Metall oder einem Gemisch verschiedener Faser, z.B. auch Keramikfasern und Metallfasern, bestehen können. Figur 4 zeigt die Draufsicht auf einen gesinterten Metallfaserkörper, der so ausgebildet ist, dass die in ihm vorhandenen Poren zwar unterschiedlicher Größe sind, wobei jedoch keine Pore so groß ist, dass ein Flammendurchschlag möglich wäre.It is alternatively possible, the body 23, such as figure 4 shows in a sectional plan view, to be formed by a disordered arrangement of fibers or threads, which can consist, for example, of a metal or a mixture of different fibers, for example also ceramic fibers and metal fibers. figure 4 shows the plan view of a sintered metal fiber body which is formed in such a way that the pores present in it are of different sizes, but no pore is so large that a flame transmission would be possible.

Die vorstehend beschriebene Ausführungsform kann wie auch alle nachfolgend beschriebenen Ausführungsformen durch weitere Details ergänzt werden. Beispielsweise kann in dem Raum unterhalb des Siebbodens 24 oder auch zwischen dem Siebboden 24 und dem Formkörper 23 ein Formkörper oder Pulver angeordnet werden. Diese können Fremdstoffe aus der Luft aufnehmen. Dadurch kann verhindert werden, dass Fremdstoffe in die Poren des Körpers 23 bzw. in das Gehäuse gelangen.The embodiment described above, like all the embodiments described below, can be supplemented by further details. For example, in the space below the sieve bottom 24 or between the sieve bottom 24 and the shaped body 23, a shaped body or powder to be ordered. These can absorb foreign substances from the air. This can prevent foreign matter from getting into the pores of the body 23 or into the housing.

Um die Funktion der Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18 auf lange Zeit sicherzustellen, können die Innenseiten der Durchgangsöffnung 20 mit einer Beschichtung versehen sein, die ständig Silberionen freisetzt. Dadurch werden die Oberflächen nachhaltig vor Keimen und Bakterien geschützt, so dass sich keine Mikroorganismen bilden können, die die Poren des Filters bzw. porösen Körpers 23 verstopfen würden.In order to ensure the function of the pressure relief device 18 over a long period of time, the inner sides of the passage opening 20 can be provided with a coating that continuously releases silver ions. This protects the surfaces from germs and bacteria in the long term, so that no microorganisms can form that would clog the pores of the filter or porous body 23 .

Auch die Poren des porösen Körpers 23 können mit einer Beschichtung versehen sein, die Silberionen freisetzt, um einen Keimbewuchs auszuschließen.The pores of the porous body 23 can also be provided with a coating that releases silver ions in order to rule out bacterial growth.

Es kann vorgesehen werden, nach einer Explosion die gesamte Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18 oder Teile derselben, wie beispielsweise den Körper 23 und/oder die Membrane 34 auszutauschen bzw. zu ersetzen. Im einfachsten Fall wird lediglich die Gummimanschette 35 oder ein sonstiger Befestigungsring und die gegebenenfalls zerrissene Membrane 34 entfernt und durch neue Teile ersetzt.Provision can be made for the entire pressure relief device 18 or parts thereof, such as the body 23 and/or the membrane 34, to be exchanged or replaced after an explosion. In the simplest case, only the rubber sleeve 35 or another fastening ring and the membrane 34, which may have been torn, are removed and replaced with new parts.

Figur 5 veranschaulicht eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform der Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18, für die die vorige Beschreibung mit Ausnahme der nachfolgend erläuterten Besonderheiten entsprechend gilt:
Der Durchgangskörper 19 ist ohne Siebboden ausgebildet um beispielhaft zu erläutern, dass dieser bei allen Ausführungsformen optional ist. In dem Durchgangskanal 20 ist zum Ersatz des Siebbodens 24 einen ebene ringförmige Sitzfläche 36 ausgebildet, die zur Aufnahme des Körpers 23 dient. Der Körper 23 kann nach einer der vorgenannten Arten ausgebildet sein. Er ist in Figur 6 gesondert veranschaulicht. Wie ersichtlich ist sein Rand 28 mit einem Porenverschluss 31 versehen, der beispielsweise durch ein Kunststoffmaterial (oder auch ein Metall) gebildet wird. Das Material umschließt die Randfläche 28a sowie die äußeren Ränder der Seiten 26, 27 spaltfrei und dringt in die äußeren Bereiche der dort vorhandenen Poren ein. Der so gebildete Reifenkörper 37 weist, wie insbesondere das Detail in Figur 7 zeigt, eine zylindermantelförmige Außenseite 38 sowie eine plane Unterseite 39 und eine plane ringförmige Oberseite 40 auf. Von letzterer kann sich ein rohrförmiger Axialfortsatz 41 weg erstrecken, der an den inneren Rand der Oberseite 40 anschließt. Wie Figur 5 erkennen lässt, kann der zwischen der Wandung des Durchgangskanals 20 und dem Axialfortsatz 41 gebildete Ringraum mit Vergussmasse 42 gefüllt werden, die einen spaltfreien Sitz des Körpers 23 in dem Durchgang 20 sicherstellt. Außerdem wird verhindert, dass die Vergussmasse 42 unkontrolliert in den porösen Körper 23 vordringt und diesen verschließt. figure 5 illustrates a modified embodiment of the pressure relief device 18, for which the previous description applies with the exception of the special features explained below:
The through-body 19 is designed without a sieve bottom in order to explain by way of example that this is optional in all embodiments. In the passage channel 20 is for Replacement of the sieve bottom 24 a flat annular seat surface 36 is formed, which serves to accommodate the body 23. The body 23 can be designed according to one of the aforementioned types. He is in figure 6 illustrated separately. As can be seen, its edge 28 is provided with a pore closure 31 which is formed, for example, by a plastic material (or a metal). The material encloses the edge surface 28a and the outer edges of the sides 26, 27 without a gap and penetrates into the outer areas of the pores present there. The tire body 37 formed in this way has, as in particular the detail in figure 7 shows a cylinder jacket-shaped outer side 38 and a flat underside 39 and a flat ring-shaped upper side 40 . A tubular axial extension 41 can extend away from the latter, which adjoins the inner edge of the upper side 40 . As figure 5 can be seen, the annular space formed between the wall of the through-channel 20 and the axial extension 41 can be filled with sealing compound 42 which ensures that the body 23 is seated in the passage 20 without a gap. In addition, the casting compound 42 is prevented from penetrating the porous body 23 in an uncontrolled manner and closing it.

Bei Bedarf kann zusätzlich die Spannmutter 33 in den Durchgangskanal 20 eingeschraubt werden, um den aus dem Körper 23 und seiner Ummantelung gebildeten Filterkörper fest in dem Durchgang 20 zu sichern.If required, the clamping nut 33 can also be screwed into the through-channel 20 in order to securely secure the filter body formed from the body 23 and its casing in the through-passage 20 .

Eine weitere Ausführungsform der Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18 veranschaulicht Figur 8 in Verbindung mit Figur 11. Es gelten die vorigen Ausführungen zu den bisher beschriebenen Ausführungsformen entsprechend, mit Ausnahme nachfolgender Erläuterungen:
Der poröse Körper 23, der nach jeder der vorgenannten Arten strukturiert sein kann, weist anstelle einer zylindrischen Randfläche 28a hier eine konische Randfläche 28a auf. Diese ist vorzugsweise mechanisch bearbeitet, vorzugsweise feinbearbeitet, beispielsweise durch Schleifen, Laserschneiden oder dergleichen, so dass eine mechanisch bearbeitete Anlagefläche 43 erzeugt ist. Dieser ist eine vorzugsweise ebenso konische Sitzfläche 44 zugeordnet, die im Anschluss an die Auflagefläche 36 und konzentrisch zu dieser angeordnet ist. Die Spannmutter 33 drückt mit ihrer ringförmigen Stirnfläche auf den äußeren Rand der Fläche 26 und presst somit die Anlagefläche 43 gegen die Sitzfläche 44, um einen spaltfreien Sitz des Körpers 23 zu bewirken. Auf die Fläche 26 einwirkender Explosionsdruck erhöht den Anpressdruck zwischen der Anlagefläche 43 und der Sitzfläche 44 und verhindert so, dass sich auch nur kurzzeitig Spalte ausbilden würden. Somit bilden die Anlagefläche 43 und die Sitzfläche 44 in ihrer beschriebenen Ausbildung gemeinsam wiederum den Porenverschluss 31.Another embodiment of the pressure relief device 18 is illustrated figure 8 combined with figure 11 . The previous statements on the previously described embodiments apply accordingly, with the exception of the following explanations:
The porous body 23, which can be structured according to any of the aforementioned types, has a conical edge surface 28a here instead of a cylindrical edge surface 28a. This is preferably mechanically processed, preferably finely processed, for example by grinding, laser cutting or the like, so that a mechanically processed contact surface 43 is produced. A seat surface 44, which is preferably also conical, is assigned to this, which is arranged following the support surface 36 and concentrically thereto. The clamping nut 33 presses with its annular face on the outer edge of the surface 26 and thus presses the contact surface 43 against the seat surface 44 in order to bring about a gap-free seat of the body 23. Explosion pressure acting on the surface 26 increases the contact pressure between the contact surface 43 and the seat surface 44 and thus prevents gaps from forming, even for a short time. Thus, the contact surface 43 and the seat surface 44 in their described configuration together again form the pore seal 31.

Wie Figur 10 veranschaulicht, kann der Porenverschluss 31 auch bei dieser Form des Aufnahmekörpers 19 durch eine reifenartige Umfassung des Körpers 23 gebildet sein, wobei diese Umfassung vorzugsweise wiederum außer einem Kunststoffmaterial beispielsweise einem thermoplastischen oder einem duroplastischen aushärtenden Kunststoff oder auch einem weichen Metall, z.B. Zinn, besteht. Die Umfassung umgibt den Rand 28 des Körpers 23 und dringt zumindest teilweise in die dort vorhandenen offenen Poren ein, um diese zu verschließen. Der so gebildete Umfassungskörper 45 kann außen mit einer konischen Anlagefläche 46 versehen sein, die mit der Sitzfläche 44 spaltfrei zusammenwirkt. Wiederum kann die Spannmutter 33 dazu verwendet werden, den Sitz vorzuspannen und die Ausbildung von Spalten zu unterdrücken.As figure 10 As illustrated, the pore closure 31 can also be formed in this form of the receiving body 19 by a hoop-like enclosure of the body 23, this enclosure preferably in turn consisting of a plastic material, for example a thermoplastic or a duroplastic hardening plastic or also a soft metal, e.g. tin. The enclosure surrounds the edge 28 of the body 23 and penetrates at least partially into the open pores present there in order to close them. The enclosing body 45 formed in this way can be provided on the outside with a conical contact surface 46 which interacts with the seat surface 44 without a gap. Again, the tension nut 33 can be used to preload the seat and suppress the formation of gaps.

Figur 11 veranschaulicht eine weitere Ausführungsform für die Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18 mit einem Durchgangskörper 19, der zum Beispiel in Anlehnung an das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 8 ausgebildet ist. In diesem Beispiel kann der Körper 23 nach Figur 10 verwendet werden. Es ist aber auch möglich, wie dargestellt, den porösen Körper 23 in einen ringförmigen Umfassungskörper 45, vorzugsweise aus einem weichen Metall einzusetzen. Der z.B. zylindrische Rand des Körpers 23 liegt an der zylindrischen Innenfläche des Umfassungskörpers 45 an, der mit seiner konischen Außenfläche an der konischen Sitzfläche des Aufnahmekörpers 19 liegt. Es kann jedoch auch die Ausführungsform des Körpers 23 gemäß Figur 9 oder, falls keine konische Sitzfläche 44, sondern eine zylindrische Umfassung vorgesehen ist, jede andere der vorbeschriebenen Ausführungsformen für die Fassung des Körpers 23 vorgesehen werden. figure 11 illustrates a further embodiment for the pressure relief device 18 with a passage body 19, for example based on the embodiment figure 8 is trained. In this example, the body 23 after figure 10 be used. However, it is also possible, as shown, to insert the porous body 23 into an annular enclosing body 45, preferably made of a soft metal. For example, the cylindrical edge of the body 23 rests against the cylindrical inner surface of the enclosing body 45 , which rests with its conical outer surface against the conical seat surface of the receiving body 19 . However, it can also be the embodiment of the body 23 according to figure 9 or, if no conical seat surface 44 but a cylindrical surround is provided, any other of the previously described embodiments for the mount of the body 23 can be provided.

Vorliegend ist zwischen den Umfassungskörper 45 und der Spannmutter 33 eine axiale Druckfeder 46 und gegebenenfalls ein Druckverteilungsring 47 angeordnet. Außerdem kann die Spannmutter 33 mit einer Kontermutter 48 gesichert werden. Die Druckfeder 46 ist beispielsweise nach art einer Tellerfeder ausgebildet. Der Umfassungskörper 45 besteht vorzugsweise aus einem weichen Metall oder auch einem Kunststoff oder einem Elastomer.In the present case, an axial compression spring 46 and optionally a pressure distribution ring 47 are arranged between the enclosing body 45 and the clamping nut 33 . In addition, the clamping nut 33 can be secured with a counter nut 48. The compression spring 46 is designed, for example, in the manner of a disk spring. The enclosing body 45 is preferably made of a soft metal or else a plastic or an elastomer.

An der Außenseite des Körpers 23 kann ein Formkörper mit einer Vielzahl von Labyrinthöffnungen vorgesehen sein. Dieser kann als Spritzwasserschutz dienen. Vorzugsweise weist dieser Formkörper bei ordnungsgemäßem Einbau nach unten.A shaped body with a large number of labyrinth openings can be provided on the outside of the body 23 . This can serve as splash protection. Preferably When properly installed, this shaped body points downwards.

Den unteren Abschluss kann die bereits vorbeschriebene Membrane 34 mit einer geeigneten Befestigung zum Beispiel in Gestalt der Gummimanschette 35 bilden. Insoweit wird auf die vorige Beschreibung verwiesen. Wie hier veranschaulicht kann wie bei allen vorbeschriebenen Ausführungsformen ebenfalls oberhalb des Flansches 21 ein Fortsatz vorgesehen sein, an dem eine weitere Membrane 49 zum Beispiel mit einer Manschette 50 gehalten ist. Die Membrane 49 kann in Übereinstimmung mit der Membrane 34 ausgebildet sein. Vorzugswiese ist sie in der Mitte getrennt, um bei einer Explosion leicht zu dem Körper 23 hin aufklappen zu können. So wird der Durchgangskanal bei Druckaufbau im Gehäuse freigegeben und vermieden, dass durch die Flamme Spaltprodukte z.B. aus der Verbrennung der Membrane entstehen, die in die Poren des Filters gelangen und dieses verstopfen. Auch hier kann wiederum durch eine Silberionenbeschichtung an der Innenseite der Spannmutter 33 und/oder anderen Teilen, z.B. dem Körper 23, eine biologische Besiedlung und somit Porenverstopfung vermieden werden.The membrane 34 already described above can form the lower end with a suitable attachment, for example in the form of the rubber sleeve 35 . In this respect, reference is made to the previous description. As illustrated here, as in all the above-described embodiments, an extension can also be provided above the flange 21, on which a further membrane 49 is held, for example with a collar 50. The membrane 49 can be designed in accordance with the membrane 34. It is preferably divided in the middle in order to be able to open easily towards the body 23 in the event of an explosion. This releases the through-channel when pressure builds up in the housing and prevents the flame from producing by-products, e.g. from the combustion of the membrane, which get into the pores of the filter and clog it. Here too, a silver ion coating on the inside of the clamping nut 33 and/or other parts, e.g. the body 23, can prevent biological colonization and thus clogging of the pores.

In Figur 12 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung veranschaulicht. Der Aufnahmekörper 19 ist hier auf einen Gewindering 51 reduziert. In seinem zentralen Durchgang sitzt ein röhrförmiger Fortsatz 52, der in den Gewindering 51 zum Beispiel eingeklebt oder einvulkanisiert ist. Der Fortsatz 52 besteht zum Beispiel aus einem Polymer, einem Elastomer oder einem sonstigen Kunststoff. Er geht oberhalb des Gewinderings 51 in einen Flansch 53 über, dessen ebene ringförmige Unterseite an der Innenseite der Wandung 11 des Schutzgehäuses 10 in Anlage kommt, um dort spaltlos abzudichten. Der Flansch 53 besteht aus einem Material, das um den Rand 28 des Körpers 23 herum geformt ist, wobei es teilweise in die Poren des Rands 28 eingedrungen ist. Vorzugsweise ist es auch in die Poren eines äußeren Ringbereichs der Flächen 26, 27 des Körpers 33 eingedrungen und fasst diesen somit formschlüssig unter Ausbildung des Porenverschlusses 31. Ist die so ausgebildet Entlastungsvorrichtung 18 in ein Schutzgehäuse 10 eingebaut, arbeitet sie entsprechend der vorstehenden Beschreibung.In figure 12 another embodiment of the invention is illustrated. The receiving body 19 is reduced to a threaded ring 51 here. A tubular extension 52 sits in its central passage, which is glued or vulcanized into the threaded ring 51, for example. The extension 52 consists, for example, of a polymer, an elastomer or some other plastic. It goes above the threaded ring 51 in a flange 53, the flat annular underside comes to rest on the inside of the wall 11 of the protective housing 10 to there to seal seamlessly. The flange 53 consists of a material molded around the rim 28 of the body 23 having partially penetrated the pores of the rim 28 . It has preferably also penetrated the pores of an outer ring area of the surfaces 26, 27 of the body 33 and thus grips it in a form-fitting manner, forming the pore closure 31. If the relief device 18 designed in this way is installed in a protective housing 10, it works as described above.

Bei ausreichender Festigkeit des zur Herstellung des Fortsatzes 52 und des Flansches 53 verwendeten Kunststoffs ist der Gewindering 51 entbehrlich. Das Gewinde kann außen direkt auf den Fortsatz 52 aufgebracht werden. Damit bilden der Fortsatz 52 und der Flansch 53 den Aufnahmekörper, der den porösen Körper 23 abdichtet, wobei an dem Rand 28 wieder der schon erläuterte Porenverschluss 31 gegeben ist.If the plastic used to produce the extension 52 and the flange 53 is sufficiently strong, the threaded ring 51 can be dispensed with. The thread can be applied directly to the extension 52 on the outside. The extension 52 and the flange 53 thus form the receiving body which seals the porous body 23 , the pore closure 31 already explained being provided again on the edge 28 .

Anstelle des Außengewindes auf dem Gewindering 19 oder auf dem Flansch 52 bzw. auf dem Aufnahmekörper 19 können auch alle anderen geeigneten dichten Befestigungsmittel einschließlich Klebe- oder Schweißverbindung vorgesehen werden.Instead of the external thread on the threaded ring 19 or on the flange 52 or on the receiving body 19, any other suitable tight fastening means including an adhesive or welded connection can also be provided.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Erzielung des Porenverschlusses 31 an dem Rand 28 des Körpers 23 ist in Figur 13 veranschaulicht. Die Spannmutter 33 ist an ihrer dem Körper 23 zugewandten Stirnfläche mit einer ringförmigen Rippe 54 versehen, die sich beim Festziehen der Spannmutter 33 in den äußeren Rand der Fläche 26 eindrückt. Ebenso kann die Fläche 36 mit einer Rippe 55 versehen sein, die sich beim Festziehen der Spannmutter 33 in die Fläche 27 des Körpers 23 eindrückt. Dadurch wird der Rand 28 des vorzugsweise aus einem Drahtmaterial bestehenden Körpers 23 soweit zusammengedrückt, dass vorhandene Poren weitgehend kollabieren. Das Porenvolumen an dem Rand 28 des Körpers 23 ist soweit reduziert, dass ein Porenverschluss 31 gebildet ist. Die Rippen 54, 55 bilden somit das Mittel zur Erzielung des Porenverschlusses 31.Another way to achieve the pore closure 31 at the edge 28 of the body 23 is in figure 13 illustrated. The clamping nut 33 is provided on its end face facing the body 23 with an annular rib 54 which presses into the outer edge of the surface 26 when the clamping nut 33 is tightened. Likewise, the surface 36 can be provided with a rib 55 which, when the clamping nut 33 is tightened, into the surface 27 of the body 23 presses. As a result, the edge 28 of the body 23, which is preferably made of a wire material, is compressed to such an extent that existing pores largely collapse. The pore volume at the edge 28 of the body 23 is reduced to such an extent that a pore closure 31 is formed. The ribs 54, 55 thus form the means for achieving the pore closure 31.

Bei einem Schutzgehäuse der Bauart druckfeste Kapselung ist eine Druckentlastungsvorrichtung 18 vorgesehen, die einen porösen Körper 23 umfasst. Dieser ist an seinem Rand mit einem Porenverschluss 31 versehen, um ein Durchschlagen einer Flamme an seinem Rand zu verhindern. Das umgebende Bauteil bildet den Aufnahmekörper 19 für die Druckentlastungsvorrichtung. Der Porenverschluss bildet in Verbindung mit dem Aufnahmekörper 19 einen spaltlosen Verbund. Zum Beispiel kann der poröse unbearbeitete Körper 23 am Randbereich mit einem weichen Metallring umfasst sein und zum Beispiel durch eine vorgegebene kegelartige Kontur eines Aufnahmekörpers und einem Druckring so gepresst werden, dass durch die Verformung eine spaltlose Einbettung erreicht wird. Zusätzlich kann die Verformung durch federnde Elemente dauerhaft aufrechterhalten werden, um bei Temperaturschwankungen die Wärmeausdehnung der verschiedenen Materialien auszugleichen. Der Aufnahmekörper 19 kann auch z.B. durch die Wandung 11 selbst gebildet sein.In a protective housing of the flameproof enclosure type, a pressure relief device 18 is provided, which comprises a porous body 23 . This is provided with a pore seal 31 at its edge in order to prevent a flame from penetrating through at its edge. The surrounding component forms the receiving body 19 for the pressure relief device. In conjunction with the receiving body 19, the pore closure forms a gapless composite. For example, the porous unprocessed body 23 can be surrounded at the edge area with a soft metal ring and pressed, for example, by a predetermined cone-like contour of a receiving body and a pressure ring such that a gapless embedding is achieved through the deformation. In addition, the deformation can be permanently maintained by resilient elements in order to compensate for the thermal expansion of the different materials in the event of temperature fluctuations. The receiving body 19 can also be formed by the wall 11 itself, for example.

Alternativ kann der Randbereich des Körpers 23 durch Ummantelung mit Materialen wie Kunststoff, Metall, usw. so modifiziert werden, dass die Ummantelung zusammen mit dem Aufnahmekörper 19 durch Verkleben oder Vergießen einen formschlüssigen Verbund bilden können, der die Ex-Schutzanforderungen erfüllt.Alternatively, the edge area of the body 23 can be modified by being sheathed with materials such as plastic, metal, etc. so that the sheathing together with the receiving body 19 can be bonded or cast to form a form-fitting composite that meets the explosion protection requirements.

BezugszeichenReference sign

1010
Schutzgehäuseprotective housing
1111
Wandungwall
1212
Innenrauminner space
1313
Seitenteilside part
1414
Seitenteilside part
1515
Oberer AbschlussUpper finish
1616
Bodenfloor
1717
Öffnungopening
1818
Druckentlastungsvorrichtungpressure relief device
1919
Aufnahmekörperrecording body
2020
Durchgangskanalthrough channel
2121
Flanschflange
2222
Außengewindeexternal thread
2323
Poröser Körperporous body
2424
Siebbodensieve bottom
2525
Gitterlagegrid layer
2626
Dem Innenraum 12 zugewandte FlächeThe interior 12 facing surface
2727
FlächeSurface
2828
Randedge
28a28a
Randflächeedge surface
2929
Manschettecuff
3030
Ringbundring collar
3131
Porenverschlusspore closure
3232
Innengewindeinner thread
3333
Spannmutterclamping nut
3434
Membranemembrane
3535
Gummimanschetterubber sleeve
3636
Sitzflächeseat
3737
Reifenkörpertire body
3838
Mantelflächelateral surface
3939
Unterseitebottom
4040
Oberseitetop
4141
Axialfortsatzaxial process
4242
Vergussmassepotting compound
4343
Anlageflächecontact surface
4444
Sitzflächeseat
4545
Umfassungskörperenclosing body
4646
Druckfedercompression spring
4747
Druckverteilungsringpressure distribution ring
4848
Kontermutterlocknut
4949
Membranemembrane
5050
Manschettecuff
5151
Gewinderingthreaded ring
5252
Fortsatzextension
5353
Flanschflange
5454
Ripperib
5555
Ripperib

Claims (10)

  1. Pressure-relief device (18) for a protective housing (10) for pressure-resistant encapsulation of operating media which can form ignition sources,
    with a receiving body (19) having a passage (20),
    with a porous body (23) which is arranged in the passage (20) and has two exposed faces (26, 27) facing away from one another and a rim (28),
    wherein at its rim (28), the body (23) is provided with a pore closure (31), characterised in that
    the body (23) is a wire or fibre structure made of metal with wires or fibres arranged in an orderly or disorderly fashion, and
    the pore closure:
    a) results from a pretension of a contact face (43) provided on the rim (28) against a seating face (44) provided on the receiving body (19), in order to form the pore closure (31) by firm contact of the contact face (43) on the seating face (44), or
    b) results from holding of the porous body with a rim clamp which applies a clamping pressure that is sufficiently high for the pores of the porous body to collapse in the action region of the edge clamp, again giving the pore closure, or
    c) the pore closure (11) comprises material arranged on the rim (28) which closes the pores of the body (23) and is introduced into in cavities and/or pores of the body (23) at the rim (28).
  2. Pressure-relief device according to claim 1, characterised in that the body (23) consists of sintered metal.
  3. Pressure-relief device according to claim 1a, characterised in that the contact face (43) is superficially machined.
  4. Pressure-relief device according to claim 1a, characterised in that the contact face (43) is configured so as to be conical in the same way as the seating face (44).
  5. Pressure-relief device according to claim 1, characterised in that the faces (26, 27) each have a ring zone at the rim (28) of the body (23), wherein the body is held at both ring zones and thus preferably clamped.
  6. Pressure-relief device according to claim 1c, characterised in that the material is or contains a soft plastic metal, a plastic, a thermoplastic, a duroplastic, or an elastomer.
  7. Pressure-relief device according to claim 1c, characterised in that the material forms a flange (37, 53).
  8. Pressure-relief device according to claim 1, characterised in that a collar (41, 52) is provided on the flange (37, 53) and is sealingly connected to the receiving body (19, 51).
  9. Pressure-relief device according to claim 1, characterised in that a water-impermeable membrane (34, 49) is provided in or at the passage (20) of the receiving body (19).
  10. Pressure-relief device according to claim 1, characterised in that a splash guard (48) is provided in or at the passage (20) of the receiving body (19).
EP11718060.4A 2010-05-04 2011-05-03 Pressure-relief device with flame arrestor for a housing enclosed in a pressure-proof manner Active EP2566585B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18211099.9A EP3482799A1 (en) 2010-05-04 2011-05-03 Pressure relief device for enclosed pressure-resistant housing

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010016782.7A DE102010016782B4 (en) 2010-05-04 2010-05-04 Pressure relief device for flameproof enclosures
PCT/EP2011/057054 WO2011138325A1 (en) 2010-05-04 2011-05-03 Pressure-relief device for a housing enclosed in a pressure-proof manner

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18211099.9A Division-Into EP3482799A1 (en) 2010-05-04 2011-05-03 Pressure relief device for enclosed pressure-resistant housing
EP18211099.9A Division EP3482799A1 (en) 2010-05-04 2011-05-03 Pressure relief device for enclosed pressure-resistant housing

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2566585A1 EP2566585A1 (en) 2013-03-13
EP2566585B1 true EP2566585B1 (en) 2022-04-13

Family

ID=44262477

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11718060.4A Active EP2566585B1 (en) 2010-05-04 2011-05-03 Pressure-relief device with flame arrestor for a housing enclosed in a pressure-proof manner
EP18211099.9A Pending EP3482799A1 (en) 2010-05-04 2011-05-03 Pressure relief device for enclosed pressure-resistant housing

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18211099.9A Pending EP3482799A1 (en) 2010-05-04 2011-05-03 Pressure relief device for enclosed pressure-resistant housing

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20130206759A1 (en)
EP (2) EP2566585B1 (en)
CN (1) CN103260710B (en)
DE (1) DE102010016782B4 (en)
RU (1) RU2578116C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2011138325A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2578116C2 (en) 2016-03-20
CN103260710B (en) 2016-01-20
RU2012151862A (en) 2014-06-10
CN103260710A (en) 2013-08-21
DE102010016782B4 (en) 2016-12-08
EP2566585A1 (en) 2013-03-13
WO2011138325A1 (en) 2011-11-10
DE102010016782A1 (en) 2011-11-10
US20130206759A1 (en) 2013-08-15
EP3482799A1 (en) 2019-05-15

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