EP2565890B1 - Elektrisches Stromunterbrechungsgerät mit hoher Verschlusskraft - Google Patents

Elektrisches Stromunterbrechungsgerät mit hoher Verschlusskraft Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2565890B1
EP2565890B1 EP12360063.7A EP12360063A EP2565890B1 EP 2565890 B1 EP2565890 B1 EP 2565890B1 EP 12360063 A EP12360063 A EP 12360063A EP 2565890 B1 EP2565890 B1 EP 2565890B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contacts
moving
moving contact
pair
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12360063.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2565890A1 (de
Inventor
Marc Serpinet
Yves Trichard
Arnaud Marchal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Socomec SA
Original Assignee
Socomec SA
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Publication of EP2565890A1 publication Critical patent/EP2565890A1/de
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Publication of EP2565890B1 publication Critical patent/EP2565890B1/de
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/22—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact
    • H01H1/221—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member
    • H01H1/226—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member having a plurality of parallel contact bars
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/04—Contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/40—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-power shut-off device provided with a control module associated with at least one cut-off module corresponding to a phase of an electrical network, this cut-off module comprising at least one associated mobile contact.
  • this cut-off module comprising at least one associated mobile contact.
  • at least one pair of fixed contacts said movable contact being coupled to an actuation mechanism controlled by said control module to be moved between at least one triggered position in which the movable contact is remote from the pair of fixed contacts and the electrical circuit is open, and an engaged position in which the movable contact bears against the pair of fixed contacts and the electrical circuit is closed.
  • an electrical apparatus has at least one pair of fixed contacts and a movable contact.
  • the electrical device comprises a mechanism for closing and opening the contacts, also called actuating mechanism, which consists of a so-called abrupt closure mechanism independent of the operator.
  • actuating mechanism which consists of a so-called abrupt closure mechanism independent of the operator.
  • the kinetic energy of the moving contact is transformed into deformation of the materials and a reversal of the speed having the effect of re-opening the moving contact, causing a rebound of the moving contact.
  • the reopening stroke will depend on the berthing speed, the nature of the materials, the pressing force holding the moving contact against the fixed contact. During this reopening, there arises an electric arc which, depending on its intensity, will cause a local melting of the materials of the contact areas.
  • the rebound may be single or consist of several consecutive rebounds, of damped amplitude, until the kinetic energy of the moving contact has dissipated.
  • the electrical contact is established on a melt which, with time will solidify.
  • the risk of welding of the moving contact on the fixed contact is latent. In any case, it follows erosion of the contact areas which, if repeated, can become damaging to the normal operation of the electrical appliance.
  • the docking zone may correspond to the entry chamfer as in the publications FR 2,524,195 , FR 2,638,017 and EP 1 026 710 .
  • the closing power of the sliding contacts on short-circuit currents is limited to the power of the actuating mechanism which must oppose the Laplace forces.
  • the closure of the contacts by sliding is under power, which inevitably causes erosion of the permanent contact areas, limiting the endurance of the device.
  • a solution used in the case of pressure contacts is to equip the contact areas pellets, rivets or the like made of different materials, one of them is generally refractory to limit the risk of welding, or to provide a relief playing the role of spark arrester as in the publication EP 1 085 610 .
  • the implementation of these achievements is relatively expensive.
  • the publication WO 2006/137687 A1 proposes a switching device provided with a separate moving phase contact and a moving contact of neutral, having different lengths to generate different strokes so as to shift in time the docking of said movable contacts.
  • the time offset obtained is greater than 0.1s to allow time for the relays to analyze the current in order to detect a possible malfunction.
  • this arrangement does not solve the problem.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks by proposing an electrical switching device provided with pressure contacts with high closing power even on short-circuit currents, in which the risks of welding and / or erosion at the zones permanent contact are considerably reduced or even eliminated, to achieve a high number of cycles and this without altering the quality of the electrical contact.
  • the invention relates to an electric switchgear according to claim 1.
  • This particular construction makes it possible in particular to differentiate the spark arrester zone from the permanent contact zones and to minimize the presence of the electric arc at closing by desynchronizing the rebounds by the creation of temporal docking delays of the order of 100 ⁇ s. between two mobile contacts that succeed one another in the same set.
  • the number of moving contacts can be determined according to the rating of said switchgear so that the moving contact current density does not exceed an intensity value of 15kA peak current.
  • said assembly may comprise two central movable contacts.
  • the movable contacts are advantageously arranged symmetrically with respect to a median axis passing through the center of said assembly, and the lateral movable contacts offset two by two with respect to said central movable contact to form stages.
  • the central movable contact comprises a central boss which, when said breaking module is in the engaged position, extends in the free space between the fixed contacts of said pair.
  • the central mobile contact may be associated with an insulating screen that replaces or adds to said boss.
  • Each set of multiple moving contacts may be carried by an electrically insulating carriage coupled to said actuating mechanism.
  • This carriage advantageously comprises a housing for each movable contact, in which each movable contact is biased towards said pair of fixed contacts by a return member.
  • These housings preferably have different depths to position said moving contacts of the same set in stages.
  • the electrical switching device 1 referred to in the invention usually consists of a control module 2 associated with one or more cutoff modules 3 each corresponding to a phase of an electrical network.
  • the device 1 comprises three cut-off modules 3.
  • Each cut-off module 3 comprises in known manner an insulating housing 30 inside which are housed at least two fixed contacts 4, forming a pair, extended to outside said housing by connection terminals 40, and at least one contact mobile 5 coupled to an actuating mechanism 6 controlled by the control module 2 to be moved between at least one triggered position in which it is remote from the fixed contacts and the electrical circuit is open, and an engaged position in which it is in support against the fixed contacts and the electrical circuit is closed.
  • the control module 2 can be operated manually by a handle 20 and / or automatically by a motor (not shown).
  • the cut-off device 1 comprises in the example shown fractionating chambers 7 arranged above the fixed contacts 4 and the movable contact 5 to capture, stretch, cool and then extinguish the electric arc generated by the current at each change of state of said apparatus.
  • This switching device 1 must be able to establish and cut currents 1 called normal or fault of a value of 0 to 10In, In being the value of the nominal current that can pass through the device permanently. This device must also be able to establish, and if necessary cut, short-circuit currents whose value can reach 100 to 300 times the rated current In, without altering the permanent contact zones in order to guarantee a constant quality of electrical contact in the weather.
  • the fixed contacts 4 and the movable contact 5 are arranged to form an omega-shaped current loop, symmetrical with respect to a median axis A coinciding with the axis of displacement Fd of the moving contact 5, in which the so-called Laplace forces, also called compensation forces Fc, generated by the current flowing in the current loop.
  • the conductive parts forming the fixed contacts 4 are rigidly fixed to the housing 30, folded approximately S, arranged in opposition and separated by a free median space.
  • the conductive part forming the movable contact 5 has a width greater than the free space between the two fixed contacts 4 for, in the engaged position, to be pressed against the fixed contacts 4.
  • These conductive parts each offer a contact area C located in a plane inclined relative to the central axis A of an angle substantially equal to 45 °. This example is not limiting since the contact areas C can be included in a plane inclined with respect to the median axis A at an angle that can be between 0 ° and 90 ° in which the value 0 ° is excluded .
  • the switching device 1 is distinguished from the state of the art by its movable contact 5 which is in fact constituted by an assembly 5, 5 'of a plurality of movable contacts 5A-C, 5A-F, parallel and staggered for staggering in time the docking of the movable contacts on the fixed contacts 4 and not to exceed an intensity value of 10 to 15 kA peak current per moving contact.
  • the fixed contacts 4 are sized to provide a contact area C adapted to receive the plurality of movable contacts of the same set 5, 5 '.
  • the number of movable contacts per set 5, 5 ' can be determined according to the nominal current rating In.
  • Figures 3 and 4 illustrate two alternative embodiments of a set of movable contacts, including a first assembly 5 which has five movable contacts 5A-C and corresponds to a 250A rating with a peak value of 50 to 75 kA, and a second set 5 ' which has twelve movable contacts 5A-F and corresponds to a rating of 1600A with a peak value of 120 to 150 kA.
  • the assemblies 5, 5 ' are symmetrical with respect to the central axis A of the breaking device 1 and comprise one or two movable contact (s) central (s) 5A different (s) other 5B movable contacts -F lateral.
  • the central movable contact 5A is centered on the median axis A and in the whole of the figure 4 , the two central movable contacts 5A are symmetrical to the central axis A.
  • Each central movable contact 5A is larger and / or positioned in advance of the others to be the first to dock the fixed contacts 4 in order to establish the current, and the last to leave the fixed contacts 4 to turn off the power. It is he who undergoes the electric arc and therefore plays the role of spark arrester.
  • the central movable contact 5A consists of a conductive part in the form of a blade having in its upper part a central boss 50 conferring a substantially triangular shape symmetrical with respect to the median axis A.
  • the boss 50 extends in the free space between the fixed contacts 4 outside the current loop.
  • This boss 50 is connected to the contact areas C by a shoulder 51 forming a nose on which the electric arc generated by the current clings to the closing and opening of the electric circuit, thus rapidly releasing the contact areas C
  • This boss 50 then defines a slope 52 which rises in the direction of the compensating forces Fc and accompanies the displacement of the electric arc pushed by these compensating forces Fc towards the fractionating chambers 7.
  • the central movable contact 5A can be completed by an insulating screen (not shown) which extends in place of the boss 50 or adds to this boss 50 to facilitate the extinction of the electric arc especially in low current of the order of 0.1 In by example.
  • the other lateral movable contacts 5B-F consist of a conductive part in the form of a blade symmetrical with respect to the central axis A and provided laterally with two contact zones C. They may have identical dimensions or not. They are at least identical two by two symmetrically with respect to the median axis A.
  • the race from one floor to another may be equal or not.
  • This carriage 8 can be formed in one piece or in several assembled parts, these parts can be made for example by molding plastics.
  • the carriage 8 is coupled to the actuating mechanism 6.
  • the actuating mechanism 6 of the set 5, 5 'of movable contacts comprises a drive shaft 60 connected in rotation with the handle 20 by an angle gear (not visible) and / or controlled by a second member (not shown) fitted into the square bore 61.
  • a system for converting the rotational movement of the drive shaft 60 into a translation movement makes it possible to move a carriage 64 carrying the carriage 8 into the median axis A.
  • This motion transformation system comprises a pair of rods 62, 63 hinged, but any other equivalent means is conceivable.
  • the first link 62 is integral with the drive shaft 60 and rotatably coupled to the second link 63 by a first link B1.
  • the second connecting rod 63 is coupled in rotation with the carriage 64, and simultaneously with the carriage 8, by a second articulation B2.
  • the carriage 64 is guided in translation relative to the housing 30 by means of rails, ribs or any other equivalent means, in which the projecting ends of the axis forming the articulation B2 circulate.
  • a return member 65 is interposed between the carriage 64 and each movable contact 5A-C, 5A-F to exert a determined pressing force on each of the movable contacts when it is pressed against the fixed contacts 4. In the configuration illustrated, this pressure force is added to the compensation forces Fc generated by current I.
  • FIGS. 5A to 5C illustrate in three steps the docking of the set 5 of movable contacts 5A-5C of the figure 3 on the fixed contacts 4 of a breaking module 3 to close the electrical circuit.
  • the breaking module 3 On engagement of the breaking module 3, when the carriage 64 is moved in the direction Fd towards the fixed contacts 4 by the actuating mechanism 6, the docking of the fixed contacts 4 is effected by the central movable contact 5A. which is ahead of the others and undergoes the first rebound (cf. Fig. 5A ).
  • the second movable contacts 5B surrounding the central movable contact 5A close on the fixed contacts 4, short-circuiting the electric arc that arose during the rebound of the movable contact central 5A, and in turn undergo a rebound (cf.
  • the third movable contacts 5C that follow are closed in turn on the fixed contacts 4, short-circuiting the electric arc that arises during the rebounds of the second movable contacts 5B (cf. Fig. 5C ), and in turn undergo a rebound.
  • the central movable contact 5A which was the first to close, ends its rebound stroke, short-circuiting the electric arc that arises during rebounds of the third movable contacts 5C. And so on, until rebound stabilization.
  • the total duration of the presence of the electric arc as well as the specific duration of the presence of the electric arc at each docking are greatly reduced, making it possible to achieve a high number of closing cycles and increased endurance.
  • the lateral movable contacts 5B-C, 5B-F are totally arc-free, the electric arc being established only on the central mobile contact 5A when it leaves lastly the fixed contacts 4. Therefore, the lateral movable contacts 5B-C, 5B-F undergo no wear, erosion or local melting due to the electric arc, and participate fully in the permanent passage of the electric current.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Elektrisches Stromunterbrechungsgerät (1) mit hoher Verschlusskraft mit einem Steuermodul (2), das mit zumindest einem einer Phase eines Stromnetzes entsprechenden Unterbrechungsmodul (3) zusammenarbeitet, wobei besagtes Unterbrechungsmodul zumindest einen mit zumindest einem Paar feststehender Kontakte (4) zusammenarbeitenden beweglichen Kontakt (5) beträgt, wobei besagter beweglicher Kontakt (5) an einen von besagtem Steuermodul (2) gesteuerten Antriebsmechanismus (6) gekoppelt ist, um zwischen zumindest einer ausgeschalteten Stellung, in der der bewegliche Kontakt von dem Paar fester Kontakte entfernt ist und der Stromkreis geöffnet ist, und einer eingeschalteten Stellung, in der der bewegliche Kontakt auf dem Paar fester Kontakte aufliegt und der Stromkreis geschlossen ist, bewegt zu werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es zumindest einen Satz (5, 5') mehrerer mit besagtem Paar feststehender Kontakte (4) zusammenarbeitender beweglicher Kontakte (5A-C; 5A-F) beträgt, wobei die beweglichen Kontakte von besagtem Satz (5, 5') parallel und im Raum zueinander versetzt sind, um das Anfahren von besagten beweglichen Kontakten auf besagtem Paar feststehender Kontakte beim Schließen des Stromkreises zeitlich zu staffeln, wobei besagter Satz (5, 5') zumindest einen zentralen beweglichen Kontakt (5A) aufweist, der den anderen beweglichen Kontakten (5B-C; 5B-F) vorausgeht, die seitlich um besagten zentralen beweglichen Kontakt (5A) angeordnet sind, damit dieser beim Schließen des Stromkreises als erster den Strom einschaltet und beim Öffnen von besagtem Stromkreis als letzter den Strom ausschaltet.
  2. Gerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass besagter Satz (5, 5') eine Anzahl beweglicher Kontakte (5A-C; 5A-F) beträgt, die je nach der Dimensionierung von besagtem Unterbrechungsgerät (1) bestimmt wird, so dass die Stromdichte pro beweglicher Kontakt eine Stromstärke von 15 kA Spitzenstrom nicht überschreitet.
  3. Gerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass besagter Satz (5') zwei zentrale bewegliche Kontakte (5A) beträgt.
  4. Gerät nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in besagtem Satz (5, 5') besagte bewegliche Kontakte (5A-C; 5A-F) symmetrisch in Bezug auf eine Mittelachse (A) angeordnet sind, die durch die Mitte von besagtem Satz hindurchgeht.
  5. Gerät nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in besagtem Satz (5, 5') besagte seitliche bewegliche Kontakte (5B-C; 5B-F) paarweise in Bezug auf besagtem zentralem beweglichem Kontakt (5A) versetzt sind, um Stufen (E1, E2) zu bilden.
  6. Gerät nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass besagter zentraler beweglicher Kontakt (5A) einen mittleren Vorsprung (50) beträgt, der, wenn besagtes Unterbrechungsmodul (3) in eingeschalteter Stellung ist, sich im Freiraum zwischen den feststehenden Kontakten (4) von besagtem Paar erstreckt.
  7. Gerät nach einem beliebigen der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass besagter zentraler beweglicher Kontakt (5A) mit einem isolierenden Schirm zusammenarbeitet der, wenn besagtes Unterbrechungsmodul (3) in eingeschalteter Stellung ist, sich im Freiraum zwischen den feststehenden Kontakten (4) von besagtem Paar außerhalb von besagter Stromschleife erstreckt.
  8. Gerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Satz (5, 5') mehrerer beweglicher Kontakte (5A-C; 5A-F) von einem elektrisch isolierenden Schlitten (8) getragen wird, der an besagten Antriebsmechanismus (6) gekoppelt ist.
  9. Gerät nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass besagter Schlitten (8) eine Aufnahme (80) für jeden beweglichen Kontakt beträgt, in dem jeder bewegliche Kontakt durch ein Rückzugselement (65) in Richtung von besagtem Paar feststehender Kontakte (4) beaufschlagt ist.
  10. Gerät nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Aufnahmen (80) eines selben Schlittens (8) unterschiedliche Tiefen aufweisen, um besagte bewegliche Kontakte (5A-C; 5A-F) eines selben Satzes (5, 5') stufenweise anzuordnen.
EP12360063.7A 2011-09-01 2012-08-09 Elektrisches Stromunterbrechungsgerät mit hoher Verschlusskraft Active EP2565890B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1157713A FR2979744B1 (fr) 2011-09-01 2011-09-01 Appareil de coupure electrique a haut pouvoir de fermeture

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2565890A1 EP2565890A1 (de) 2013-03-06
EP2565890B1 true EP2565890B1 (de) 2017-03-29

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US (1) US8859916B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2565890B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2979744B1 (de)

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CN104409296B (zh) * 2014-11-27 2017-04-26 西安交通大学 具有非等宽度并联动导电杆结构的框架断路器触头系统
CN111161964B (zh) * 2019-12-31 2022-06-07 平高集团有限公司 静触头及高压开关

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2979744B1 (fr) 2015-05-01
EP2565890A1 (de) 2013-03-06
US8859916B2 (en) 2014-10-14
US20130056339A1 (en) 2013-03-07
FR2979744A1 (fr) 2013-03-08

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