EP2565113A2 - Handle crank for a watercraft - Google Patents

Abstract

The watercraft i.e. submarine, has a handle crank drive unit to be actuated. The handle crank is fixedly connected with the drive and a joint is arranged close to a device-side end. The handle crank is passed from a working position to a rest position by the joint, and a handle part (2) and a shaft part (1) are arranged in a parallel manner, offset to each other and connected with each other via a lever arm (3). The joint is positioned in the shaft part, and a locking member (17) is axial-movably mounted on a part of the shaft part.

Description

The invention relates to a watercraft, in particular a submarine with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1 and a hand crank for such a watercraft.

Under water vehicles in the context of the present invention are not only ships and submarines to understand, but also non-driven and possibly stationary objects in the water, such as floating pontoons or underwater tanks.

On watercraft, there are devices that have a means of a hand crank to be operated drive in sports boats z. As winches, windlasses, actuators for bathing platforms and the like. These are operated with a hand crank to be able to apply the required moment by hand over the lever of the crank. The winches are typically releasably secured to the drive, as the otherwise projecting into the open winches would constitute a latent source of danger. For drives in the outdoor area, for example, to open containers arranged outside of the pressure hull of submarines these outwardly projecting handles would not only represent a latent source of danger for the active in this area divers, but they could hinder the flow depending on the arrangement, it can Leashes and seaweed caught in it. This is the reason why, in the prior art, such hand cranks are typically detachably arranged, whether they have a plug-in locking connection or a bayonet-type cover for attachment.

The disadvantage here is that on the one hand to operate the drive, the hand crank must first be attached to this, on the other hand, however, that the hand crank must be moved by hand from a bearing to the drive. If the hand crank is released by an inattention, it is lost in the water.

Against this background, the invention has the object, a watercraft of the type mentioned in such a way that the aforementioned disadvantages are avoided and further to provide a hand crank, which can be used to avoid the aforementioned disadvantages on a watercraft.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a watercraft with the features specified in claim 1. A hand crank according to the invention for this purpose is indicated by the features of claim 2. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are set forth in the subclaims, the following description and the drawing, wherein the features of the subclaims as well as those further specified in the description and drawings, not only in the combination mentioned but also find themselves and in an appropriate combination application can.

The watercraft according to the invention, in particular submarine, has a drive for a device to be actuated by means of a hand crank and according to the invention is designed such that the hand crank is fixedly connected to the drive but has a joint near its device-side end, via which the hand crank a working position in a rest position and vice versa is available.

The basic idea of the solution according to the invention is thus to connect the hand crank firmly to the drive of the device, but over a To be able to spend hinge when not in use in a rest position in which the hand crank preferably rests close to the device and not, as in the working position, typically protrudes from this. In this way, the advantages of a hand crank connected firmly to the drive of the device are combined with those of a detachable hand crank, without having the disadvantages of their loss and lack of findability.

Under firmly connected to the drive, in the context of the present invention is a hand crank to understand, which is solvable only with special tools from the drive, which, however, is intended to remain on the drive and is removed only for repair or maintenance purposes of this.

The hand crank for such a vessel according to the invention has at one end a handle portion which is provided for gripping with one hand and at the other end a shaft portion which is provided for connection to the shaft of the drive of a device or forms part of the drive. In this case, the handle part and shaft part, as usual with crank handles, but arranged offset parallel to each other and connected to each other via a lever arm. In the hand crank according to the invention a joint is arranged on the shaft part, so that practically the entire hand crank from the working position, in which the shaft part has a substantially elongated rectilinear shape, can be folded down into a rest position, in which the shaft part is bent by typically 90 °, so the hand crank lies in a plane transverse to the shaft axis and thus typically parallel to the device side.

Thus, the hand crank rests as close to the device and little protrudes into the room, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the joint near the end facing away from the lever arm of the Shaft part arranged, preferably in the last quarter of the shaft part.

To ensure that the hand crank is held securely both in the rest position and in the working position, it is expedient to provide at least latching means which allow latching in these two positions or optionally also in intermediate positions or other positions. Whether a detent position is sufficient for safe operation will depend essentially on the forces to be applied with the hand crank. If larger forces are applied, then it is expedient according to a development of the invention to form the hand crank in the positions positively lockable, so provide appropriate positive locking means with which the hand crank in the respective position (working position or rest position) can be locked. A lock has the advantage that in particular an accidental folding from the working position to the rest position is reliably avoided by unfavorable force.

The joint may advantageously be formed by two pivotally interconnected via a pin parts in the shaft part. In this case, an end-side part is provided, which is connected to the drive of the device or part thereof forms and connected to the lever arm part, which are interconnected by means of a pin, wherein the axis of the pin forms the axis of rotation of the joint. The parts to be connected by means of the pin are suitably designed to form such a hinge connection by means of pins. Advantageously, a locking component is arranged on the part of the shaft part connected to the lever arm, which is arranged axially displaceably on the shaft part and with which the joint can be fixed in at least one position, preferably in a working position and in a rest position. In this case, according to the invention also one or more rest positions can be provided, whereas the working position typically forms the position in which the shaft part has an elongate rectilinear shape.

In order to ensure that the hand crank is automatically latched or locked in any position, according to a development of the invention, the locking member is spring-loaded in the locking direction. The spring force thus ensures an automatic detection.

Conveniently, the locking member is tubular and formed as a handle portion and arranged on the part connected to the lever arm of the shaft part. It can be covered by the tubular member either the joint of the shaft part or the joint can be arranged and designed so that the smallest possible risk of injury by pinching and the like assumes it.

If the locking member is formed as a tubular grip member, then according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention between the tubular member and the lever arm connected to the part of the shaft part, a coil spring can be arranged, which acts on the tubular member in its, the hinge-locking position. The helical spring is advantageously designed as a helical compression spring, but in principle, the use of a tension spring is conceivable.

In order to ensure good operability of the crank, the handle part is advantageously formed from a fixed part adjoining the lever arm and a handle part rotatably mounted thereon. On the handle, the crank can be safely encompassed by simply grasping by hand. When turning the crank is so sure that not the hand connection must be solved, but this by the rotation of the handle part is compensated. Alternatively, the handle portion may also be integrally formed and rotatably mounted on the lever arm.

To ensure that, especially in seawater or underwater operation, the rotatability of the handle on the fixed part is reliably ensured over a long time, it is expedient to fill the remaining space with a lubricant, typically fat. For this purpose, according to an embodiment of the invention, the fixed part of the handle part on a preferably central lubricant channel, which opens via at least one transverse channel in the space between the handle part and the fixed part and which can be filled via a filling valve on the free end side of the handle part. It can therefore be filled by filling the filling valve, the free space between the handle and the fixed part on the lubricant channel and one or more transverse channels with grease or other suitable, preferably viscous lubricant, which largely ensures that no seawater penetrates in this area.

In this case, the grip part is advantageously mounted on the fixed part of the handle part via two end slide bearings, wherein the bearings and the free space between the bearing and the lubricant channel are conductively connected, either directly or directly via the clearance via a respective transverse channel. The arrangement of plain bearings in the end region of the handle part is particularly advantageous, since it ensures a secure reception of the introduced via the handle part in the hand crank forces, regardless of which direction they come from. In addition, it is additionally ensured by this end-side arrangement that as little water penetrates into the area, since the free space is already filled with lubricant and the lubricant-filled bearings largely prevent the ingress of liquid from the outside. In addition, the arrangement of two end bearings friction is particularly favorable, since only in these end-side bearings friction occurs, while in the central region by the free space this is not the case.

Appropriately, according to a further development of the invention in the connected to the lever arm component of the shaft part also a lubricant channel is provided which can be filled via a filling valve in the lever arm and the at least one transverse channel or directly in the space between the handle part and connected to the lever arm component of the shaft part opens. Again, by filling the channels and clearances with grease, extensive protection against ingress of water can be formed. The arrangement of the filling valve on the lever arm is particularly favorable, as easily accessible from the outside.

Fig.1

in stark vereinfachter perspektivischer Darstellung eine Handkurbel gemäß der Erfindung,

Fig. 2

eine Ansicht der Handkurbel gemäß Fig. 1 in teilweiser Schnittdarstellung,

Fig. 3

eine gegenüber Fig. 2 um 90° gedrehte Ansicht in teilweiser Schnittdarstellung,

Fig.4

eine teilweise im Schnitt dargestellte Ansicht des Hebelarms und des mit diesem verbundenen Teil des Wellenteils,

Fig. 5

im Längsschnitt den feststehenden Teil des Handgriffteils,

Fig. 6

den Handgriffteil im Schnitt mit seinem Anschluss an den Hebelarm, und

Fig. 7

das freie Ende des Handgriffsteils in teilweiser Schnittdarstellung.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing. Show it:

Fig.1

in a greatly simplified perspective view of a hand crank according to the invention,

Fig. 2

a view of the winch according to Fig. 1 in partial sectional view,

Fig. 3

one opposite Fig. 2 rotated by 90 ° view in partial sectional view,

Figure 4

a partially sectioned view of the lever arm and connected to this part of the shaft part,

Fig. 5

in longitudinal section the fixed part of the handle part,

Fig. 6

the handle part in section with its connection to the lever arm, and

Fig. 7

the free end of the handle part in partial sectional view.

In the Fig. 1 Hand crank separated from the device consists of a shaft part 1, a handle part 2, which are arranged offset in parallel, however, and by a lever arm 3 which is perpendicular to the longitudinal and rotational axes 4 of the shaft part 1 and 5 of the handle part 2. In operation, the hebelarmferne end of the shaft part 1 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft of a device 6, for example, an outside of the pressure body arranged container 6 of a submarine, the final lid can be opened or closed by means of the hand crank connected to the container 6.

Such a device 6 is in Fig. 2 indicated schematically. The hand crank shown there is in a working position, in which the axes 4 and 5 of the hand crank are arranged substantially perpendicular to the outside 7 of the device 6, to which the hand crank connects. In this position, the hand crank is from the outside 7, so that the handle part 2 is easily accessible, that can be encompassed by one hand and thus the crank can be rotated about the rotation axis 4 to drive the device 6.

In order, however, when the crank drive is not needed to bring the crank of this projecting from the outside 7 of the device 6 working position in a rest position, in the shaft part 1, and seen over the length of the shaft part 1 in the last, device-side quarter a joint 8 is provided, with which the entire crank in one to the in Fig. 2 shown vertical rest position is pivotable, in which the shaft part 1 with its axis 4, the handle part. 2 with its axis 5 and the lever arm 3 are arranged parallel to the outside 7 of the device 6.

In the illustrated embodiment, the hand crank can be found in the working position and in two by 180 ° from each other and each other by 90 ° to the working position different rest positions. To achieve these rest positions, the in Fig. 2 shown crank out of the paper plane or in the plane of the paper to be pivoted about the axis of rotation 9 of the joint. 8

The hinge 8 connects an end-side part 10 of the shaft part 1 with a lever arm-side part 11 of the shaft part 1, as in particular from Fig. 2 is apparent. The end-side part 10 is typically fixedly connected to the drive of the device 6 and has a hebelarmseitigen part 11 open U-shaped part 12, in which a in its outer contour to the gap of the U-shaped member 12 adapted in cross section rectangular connector 13 on. The connecting part 13, which forms the end of the lever arm-side part 11 of the shaft part 1, is incorporated in the free space of the U-shaped part 12. Through the legs of the U-shaped part 12 and aligned thereto by the connecting part 13, a bore is arranged, in which a pin 14 is attached, about which the connecting part 13 is pivotable.

The U-shaped part 12 of the end-side part 10 is configured in the manner of a slotted guide and has on each of its legs circumferentially three relative to the hinge axis 9 offset by 90 ° to each other arranged approximately semicircular recesses 15, each in pairs for receiving one in an outer contour corresponding formed bolt 16 is provided, which is arranged on the hinge-side end of a tubular member 17 which surrounds the lever arm-side part 11 of the shaft part 1, including a coil spring 18. The coil spring 18 is supported on the one hand on a tubular member 17 on the hinge side final wall part, which carries the latch 16 in its outer side. On the other hand, the coil spring 18 is supported on a shoulder 19 of the lever arm-side part 11 of the shaft part 1. The coil spring 18 is biased and thus presses the tubular member 17 with the latch 16 in the direction of the U-shaped part 12 of the end-side part 10 of the shaft part 1, so that the joint 8 in three positions, namely when latch 16 is arranged positively in a pair of recesses 15 is definable. To release the tubular member 17, which is designed as a kind of handle, against the force of the coil spring 18 to pull in the direction of the lever arm 3, after which the latch 16 is disengaged from the recesses 15 and pivotable about the axis of rotation 9. Once the tubular member 17 is released, the latch 16 is pressed by the coil spring 18 on the U-shaped part 12, so that when crossing the working position ( Fig. 3 ) or one of the offset by 90 ° arranged rest positions of the bolt 16 automatically enters a pair of recesses 15 and thus determines the hand crank in the working or rest position.

In order to prevent that the tubular member 17 rotates on the hebelarmseitigen part 11, a cross pin 20 is incorporated in the lever arm side part 11, the free ends engage in slot-shaped recesses 21 in the tubular member 17, although a limited movement of the tubular member 17 in Allow axial direction 4, but block when turning the tubular member 17 relative to the lever arm-side part 11 and thus ensure that the latch 16 is always located in the position in which it can engage in a pair of recesses 15 on the U-shaped part 12.

The lever arm-side part 11 of the shaft part 1 has a lubricant channel 22, which is passed through the lever arm 3 in this area and in a frontally arranged there lubricant valve 23 ends. This lubricant channel 22 opens into a free space 24 which is provided on hebelarmseitigen part 11 and divides the cylindrical bearing surface between the shoulder 19 and the lever arm 3 in two bearing surfaces on which the tubular member 17 is slidably mounted. Lubricant is supplied via the lubricant channel 22 and the free space 24 in the area of these bearing points and thus prevents water from entering this area.

As Fig. 4 shows, the lever arm-side part 11 is permanently connected to the lever arm 3. At the other end of the lever arm 3, however, a receptacle 25 is provided which is provided for receiving a fixed part 26 of the handle part 2. This fixed part 26, the in Fig. 5 is shown in section, is formed as a rotary member and connected via two pins, not shown, fixed to the receptacle 25 of the lever arm 3.

This fixed part 26 carries a tubular grip part 27, which is rotatably mounted on the fixed part 26 and held in a form-fitting manner between the lever arm 3 and a remote end portion 28 of the fixed part 26. The grip part 27 is formed at its two ends on the inside as a bearing, whose abutment surface is formed by the corresponding portion on the fixed part 26. A space between these bearings 29 is spaced from the fixed part 26.

Also, the fixed part 26 has a central lubricant channel 30 which extends from the end portion 28 to close to the engaging in the receptacle 25 part. In the region of the end section 28, the lubricant channel 30 is closed by a lubricant valve 31. In the area of the bearings 29, the lubricant channel 30 is connected to transverse channels 32, so that via the lubricant valve 31 introduced into the channel system lubricant, in particular fat, through the central Lubricant channel 30 passes through the transverse channels 32 to the bearings 29 and further into the space between the handle portion 27 and the fixed portion 26. As a result, on the one hand reliable lubrication of the bearings 29 is ensured, on the other hand effectively prevents ingress of water in this area. In this way, as well as the lubrication measures described above in the region of the lever arm-side part 11 of the shaft part 1 ensures that all moving parts of the hand crank remain largely free from seawater and thus well underwater, especially when diving underwater.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

- shaft part

2

- Handle part

3

- lever arm

4

- Axis of 1

5

- Axis of 2

6

- Device, container

7

- outside of 6

8th

- joint

9

- Joint axis

10

- end part of 1

11

- lever arm side part of 1

12

- U-shaped part of 10

13

- Connector

14

- cones

15

- Semicircular recesses in 12

16

- Bars

17

- tubular component

18

- coil spring

19

- paragraph in 11

20

- cross pin

21

- slot holes in 17

22

- Lubricant channel

23

- Lubricant valve

24

- Free space

25

- Recording for 26

26

- fixed part of 2

27

- Handle part of 2

28

End section of 26

29

- Stock of 2

30

- Lubricant channel

31

- Lubricant valve

32

- Cross channels

Claims (13)

Watercraft, in particular submarine, with a drive for a device (6) to be actuated by means of a hand crank, characterized in that the hand crank is firmly connected to the drive and has near its device-side end a joint (8) via which the hand crank from a Employment position in a rest position and vice versa is available. Hand crank for a watercraft according to claim 1, with a handle part (2) and with a shaft part (1) which are arranged parallel and offset from each other and connected to each other via a lever arm (3), characterized in that in the shaft part (1) has a hinge (8) is arranged. Hand crank according to claim 2, characterized in that the joint (8) near the end of the lever arm (3) facing away from the shaft part (1) is arranged, preferably in the last quarter of the shaft part (1). Hand crank according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the joint (8) in at least two positions, a working position and a rest position latched, preferably lockable form-locking. Hand crank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the joint (8) has an end-side part (10) to be connected to the drive and a part (11) connected to the lever arm (3), which by means of a pin (14) are interconnected, whose axis forms the axis of rotation (9) of the joint (8). Hand crank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the lever arm (3) connected to the part (11) of the shaft part (1) a locking member (17) is mounted axially displaceable, with which the joint (8) in at least one position , Preferably in a working position and in a rest position is determined. Hand crank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking member (17) is spring-loaded in the locking direction. Hand crank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking member (17) is tubular and formed as a handle part and on the lever arm (3) connected to the part (11) of the shaft part (1). Hand crank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a helical spring (18) is arranged between the tubular component (17) and the part (11) of the shaft part (1) which is connected to the lever arm (3) and which holds the tubular component (17 ) is subjected to a force in its position determining the joint (8). Hand crank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the handle part (2) has a fixed part (26) adjoining the lever arm (3) and a grip part (27) mounted rotatably thereon. Hand crank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the fixed part (26) of the handle part (2) a lubricant channel (30) is provided, which via at least one transverse channel (32) in the space between the handle part (27) and the fixed Part (26) opens and via a filling valve (31) on the free end side of the handle part (2) can be filled. Hand crank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grip part (27) is mounted on the fixed part (26) of the handle part (2) via two end slide bearings (29), the bearings (29) and a clearance between the bearings (29) are connected to the lubricant channel (30). Hand crank according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the lever arm (3) connected to the part (11) of the shaft part (1) a lubricant channel (22) is provided, via a filling valve (23) on the lever arm (3) can be filled is and with a free space between the handle part (17) and the lever arm (3) connected to the part (11) of the shaft part (1) is conductively connected to or opens into this.

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