EP2562477B1 - Deslagger for removing combustion remnants from a combustion assembly - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a detacker for discharging combustion residues of a combustion plant according to the preamble of claim 1 and to the use of the slag remover for a waste incineration plant.

Purifiers of the type mentioned above have been known for some time, especially in the field of waste incineration, and serve to discharge the residues (slag) which are not combustible further during combustion from the incinerator.

Purifiers usually comprise an intake shaft through which the combustion residues from the combustion chamber fall into a well filled with water. From this, the combustion residues are pushed by a pushrod over a Ausschubschurre or Ausschubbahn, from where they can be transported in deponierfähiger form.

An example of a purifier will be in about DE-A-2539615 described. In this case, a discharge piston, which pushes the falling on the bottom of the tub slag in the Ausschubschurre hingedly connected at its rear end with one or more thrusters, which are non-rotatably mounted on a shaft which is rotatably mounted in bearings in the side walls of the tub. At both over the side walls projecting ends of the shaft lever arms are rotatably disposed, each cooperating with a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit.

A disadvantage of such an embodiment is that, for example, when there is slag that can be conveyed only with great expenditure of force and this is distributed inhomogeneously over the cross section of the tank, distortion moments occur which force a corresponding dimensioning of the shaft. Incidentally, the forces acting on the respective bearing moments of force in this Entschlacker are relatively large, which is not in the sense of optimal power transmission.

Since the lever arms must be removable in most cases, are in a Entschlacker like that according to DE-A-2539615 , In which the power flow goes over the bearings arranged in the side walls, usually provided Keilbahnen. However, the associated weakening of the shaft or lever arm impairs its mechanical stability. Incidentally, the attachment of Keilbahnen or corresponding wedges is relatively complicated and expensive.

Another detoxifier is about in the EP-A-0363645 discloses, according to which two push rods are present, which are each rotatably mounted on a lever by means of a hinge. The lever is designed as a two-armed lever, between the arms of a pivot shaft is arranged. Opposite the DE-A-2539615 will according to the EP-A-0363645 avoided that joints penetrate into the water filling of the tub. However, the problems with respect to the occurrence of distortion moments in the shaft remain.

The object of the present invention is thus to provide a device of the type mentioned, which the occurrence of Verspannmomenten avoids and allows optimal power transmission to the pushrod.

The invention is solved by the slag stripper according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are given in the dependent claims.

According to claim 1, the Entschlacker comprises a trough, which is intended to absorb the combustion residues carried out from a combustion chamber of the incinerator, and at least two pushrod to push out the combustion residues from the tub.

Each of the pushrod is connected to an output lever. The output levers are rotatably mounted on a rotatably mounted in two shaft bearings shaft.

On the shaft also a drive lever is rotatably disposed, which cooperates with a cylinder piston unit. This is designed to reciprocate the pushrod between a retracted position and an extended position.

According to the invention, the drive lever is now arranged between two output levers. In contrast to the previously known Entschlackern, in which the drive lever are arranged on the projecting beyond the side walls ends of the shaft, can be ensured by the inventive arrangement that even in the presence of only with great force recoverable combustion residues, the shaft is not exposed to Verspannmomenten. Moreover, the inventive arrangement of the drive and the output lever allows optimum power transmission from the cylinder piston unit to the pushrod, which under related to the fact that the power flow does not go beyond the shaft bearings in contrast to the aforementioned prior art Entschlackern. As a result of the achievable by the inventive optimization of the power transmission and the reduction of Verspannmomenten the shaft can be dimensioned relatively slim.

An optimal reduction or elimination of Verspannmomenten is obtained in particular when the inventive Entschlacker comprises only a single drive lever and only a single cooperating cylinder piston unit. In particular, for this embodiment, there is the advantage that setting different cylinder piston units or monitoring that they run in parallel during operation, completely eliminated, which allows a very simple and efficient operation.

In terms of optimal power transmission of the drive lever is preferably arranged symmetrically between the output levers.

The purifier preferably has exactly two output levers. It is also conceivable, however, any higher number, in particular, an even number of output levers is preferred, as this allows a symmetrical arrangement of the drive lever between the output levers is made possible.

Generally, the shaft extends at least over the trough width with the shaft bearings disposed on the side walls. Preferably, the drive lever is arranged substantially centrally between the shaft bearings, whereby the shaft bearings acting force is thus distributed in half on both shaft bearings.

The present invention makes it possible to store the shaft in releasably mounted with the tub housing bearing blocks, which greatly simplifies the accessibility of the shaft or the lever arranged thereon. Incidentally, the present invention allows the at least one drive lever and the output lever to be welded to the shaft, thereby ensuring a very high mechanical stability.

A disassembly of the shaft or sitting on this lever can be accomplished by loosening the bearing blocks in a very simple manner; on a part of the wave or on elaborate Keilbahnen, as in conventional slurries - such as that according to DE-A-2539615 - Are necessary, can thus be dispensed with by the present invention.

As mentioned, the purifier usually has an intake shaft, through which the combustion residues fall into the tub. In its retracted position of the pushrod is usually arranged in a Ausschieberichtung considered behind the intake shaft area. Preferably, the end face of the pushrod lies in at least approximately the same vertical plane as the rear wall of the access shaft facing away from the push-out direction.

In general, the cylinder piston unit and the drive lever are arranged in a Ausschieberichtung considered behind the intake shaft area.

A particularly preferred drive geometry results when in operation the cylinder piston unit or the force vector emanating therefrom is aligned at an angle of less than 20 °, preferably less than 10 °, particularly preferably less than 5 ° with respect to the horizontal, since this provides an optimum Power transmission efficiency of the cylinder piston unit can be obtained on the pushrod. The horizontal corresponds to the perpendicular to the orientation of the chute extending longitudinal axis of the tub.

In order to ensure that even in a substantially horizontal orientation of the cylinder piston unit this is present in a separated from the tub interior, the tub is according to a particularly preferred embodiment, at least partially in the form of two longitudinally extending, separate from each other troughs, the cylinder piston unit and / or the drive lever are arranged at least partially in the space between the troughs. Since the cylinder piston assembly and the drive lever are usually arranged in the Ausschieberichtung in a lying behind the intake shaft area, the tub is according to a preferred embodiment only in this area in the form of troughs before. In the ejection direction, the troughs usually open into a trough, over which the troughs are fluidly connected to each other.

Of said water-filled tub basin, which is arranged below the inlet shaft mouth and in which the combustion residues are collected, is the intermediate space or the / at least partially arranged therein cylinder piston unit or drive lever is preferably separated by means of a separating plate. Overall, thus, the gap from the tub interior by the vertical longitudinal center plane facing gutter walls of the troughs and the separating plate is delimited.

The arrangement of the cylinder piston unit in the space a very simple removal is made possible from below.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a first water box with a fresh water connection and a filling level device is arranged on a first of the side walls, and a second water box with a dirty water connection and an overflow on the second of the side walls. Compared with embodiments according to the prior art, in which the drive lever are arranged on the projecting over the side walls ends of the shaft, thus water boxes can be mounted on the side wall according to the invention, without the drive assembly should be taken into account in their arrangement and dimensioning. Rather, it can be achieved by the arrangement described above that the cylinder piston unit and in particular its (hydraulic) cylinder is arranged outside the water boxes, which corresponds to a further preferred embodiment of the invention.

The water boxes have a lid, which is preferably dimensioned such that a simple cleaning of the interior by means of a water hose is possible. In general, both water boxes have a slot arranged in their lower part for the Water flow on. The filling takes place in one of the two water tanks and is regulated by the level device.

As mentioned above, the purifier is particularly suitable for a waste incineration plant, since very inhomogeneous combustion residues can occur, especially in waste incineration, which can lead to the above-mentioned Verspannmomenten in conventional drive arrangements. The invention thus also relates to the use of the slag remover for a waste incineration plant.

Typical tub widths of a slag remover for a waste incineration plant are in the range of about 2 m to 2.5 m. But there are also larger tub widths, preferably up to about 3.2 m conceivable. The mouth of the inlet shaft into the trough typically has an extension of approximately 1 m to 1.5 m in the longitudinal direction of the trough. Depending on the purpose and objective, the dimensions can be readily adapted by the person skilled in the art who has become aware of the invention.

Fig. 1

einen Längsschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemässen Entschlacker mit den Schubstösseln in eingefahrener Position;

Fig. 2

einen Längsschnitt durch den Entschlacker gemäss Fig. 1 mit den Schubstösseln in ausgefahrener Position;

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Ansicht auf einen die Antriebsanordnung umfassenden Teil des erfindungsgemässen Entschlackers;

Fig. 4

einen Ausschnitt des erfindungsgemässen Entschlackers aus einer perspektivischen Ansicht von schräg unten; und

Fig. 5

einen Ausschnitt des erfindungsgemässen Entschlackers aus einer perspektivischen Ansicht von schräg oben.

The invention will be illustrated in detail with reference to the attached figures. Showing:

Fig. 1

a longitudinal section through an inventive Entschlacker with the push rams in the retracted position;

Fig. 2

a longitudinal section through the Entschlacker according Fig. 1 with the push rams in the extended position;

Fig. 3

a perspective view of a drive assembly comprising part of the inventive slagper;

Fig. 4

a section of the inventive slagger from a perspective view obliquely from below; and

Fig. 5

a section of the inventive slagger from a perspective view obliquely from above.

The in Fig. 1 Entschlacker 2 shown is usually arranged in the region of the outlet of a combustion chamber, not shown, of a combustion system. From the combustion grate of the combustion chamber, the incombustible combustion residues (slag) fall into a vertically extending intake shaft 4, which can expand in a funnel shape towards the outlet of the combustion chamber.

The intake shaft 4 opens into a trough 6 filled with water, which is arranged on a support structure with corresponding pillars 7 and extends in a direction perpendicular to the orientation of the entrance shaft 4 extending longitudinal direction. In this tub 6, the falling through the intake shaft 4 combustion residues are collected. The trough 6 has a trough housing 8 with two side walls 10a, 10b defining the trough width, each extending in a vertical plane parallel to the longitudinal direction, and a trough bottom 14 arched below the inlet shaft opening 12. In the side walls 10a, 10b of the tub 6 is ever a dense closable opening 16 is provided which allows access to the tub interior for cleaning purposes.

In Ausschieberichtung, ie in the direction of the output of the slagger, closes to the tub 6 a Ausschubschurre 18 with an upwardly rising Ausschubbahn 20 at.

The intake shaft 4 has a front wall 22, viewed in the direction of displacement, and a rear wall 24. As in particular from Fig. 4 it can be seen lying in a Ausschieberichtung behind the chute 4 area lying the trough 6 in the form of two separate troughs 26a, 26b, which open obliquely downwards in a directly below the chute 4 arranged trough 28 open.

The troughs 26a, 26b on the one hand (on each side facing away from the longitudinal center plane) bounded by the respective side wall 10a and 10b of the trough 6 and on the other hand via one of the longitudinal center plane and parallel thereto extending groove wall 30a and 30b. Between the troughs 26a, 26b or between the gutter walls 30a, 30b, a gap 32 is formed. Opposite the tub basin 28, the intermediate space 32 is separated by a separating plate 34. In the embodiment shown this has a vertical region 34 'and a horizontal region 34 "adjoining it, in particular from FIGS Fig.s 1 and 2 is apparent.

In the area behind the chute 4 each a shaft bearing 36a and 36b in the form of a bearing block releasably on the respective side wall 10a, 10b by means attached corresponding fastener. In these shaft bearings 36a, 36b extending over the width of the tub shaft 38 is rotatably mounted.

On the shaft 38 are rotationally fixed two output levers 40a, 40b, which are each connected to a pushrod 42a and 42b articulated. Between the output levers 40a, 40b is centrally a drive lever 44 rotatably mounted on the shaft 38 which is pivotally connected at its end remote from the shaft with the piston 46 of a cylinder piston unit 48. As a rule, both the drive lever 44 and the output levers 40a, 40b are welded to the shaft 38.

As in particular from Fig. 3 As can be seen, the drive lever 44 is arranged on the shaft 38 centrally between the output levers 40a, 40b and extends together with the cylinder piston unit 48 in the vertical longitudinal center plane of the trough. 6

The cylinder piston unit 48 is disposed in the intermediate space 32 between the troughs 26a, 26b and mounted via an axis 50 in the channel walls 30a, 30b, such as out Fig. 4 is apparent. When retracted piston 46, the cylinder piston unit 48 is substantially horizontal, that is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the trough 6.

As will be explained in detail below, in the operation of the purger by the extension of the piston 46 of the thereby slightly swung out of the horizontal cylinder piston unit 48 via the drive lever 44, a torque applied to the shaft 38, whereby on the Output lever 40a, 40b, the push rods 42a, 42b from a retracted position according to Fig. 1 in an extended position according to Fig. 2 to be moved.

The push rods 42a, 42b have a bend and are divided by these into a front arm segment 52 and a rear arm segment 54. At the free end of the push tappets 42a, 42b, in the embodiment shown, a thrust shield 56 extending over both ends is mounted, which has an end face 58 and a cover 60 which extends obliquely in a plane to the plane of the end face and rests on the front arm segment 52.

On the lower edge of the end face 58 of the thrust shield 56, a sliding shoe 61 is arranged in the embodiment shown, moreover, which rests on a slideway 62 formed by the trough bottom 14.

Furthermore, the trough 6 has a flap 64, whose free end 64 'rests on the cover 60 and whose edge 64 lying opposite the free end lies "above the lower edge 24' of the rear wall 24 of the inlet shaft 4. In the retracted position of the push tongs 42a, 42b are the end face 58, the flap 64 and the rear wall 24 of the chute 4 substantially in the same vertical plane.

As in particular from Fig. 3 it can be seen, the thrust shield 56 laterally also each one of the respective side wall 10a and 10a of the tub 6 associated, further cover plate 66a, 66b.

The movement of the push rods 42a, 42b via the drive arrangement is in particular from the Fig.s 1 and 2 seen. In this case, a torque is applied to the shaft 38 by extending the piston 46 of the cylinder piston unit 48 via the drive lever 44, whereby the push rods 42a, 42b are moved from a retracted position to an extended position via the output lever 40a, 40b. The captured in the pan 6 combustion residues are pushed out of the tub out in the Ausschubschurre 18 and on the Ausschubbahn 20.

During forward movement, i. the movement of the push rods 42a, 42b and thus the thrust plate 56 in Ausschieberichtung pivots the flap 64 upwards, wherein it rests with its free end 64 'uninterrupted on the cover 60. In this case, combustion residues located in the intake shaft 4 settle on the cover 60 or on the flap 64.

An intrusion of combustion residues in the direction in Ausschieberichtung behind the end face 58 lying space is effectively prevented by the cover 60 and the additional cover plates 66a, 66b. Likewise, it is prevented by the flap 64 that combustion residues can reach the space behind the flap and thus into the troughs 26a, 26b.

During the backward movement of the push tappets 42a, 42b from the extended to the retracted position, the trough bottom 14 in the region of the trough 28 becomes again for incineration residues incident from above Approved. In this case, the flap 64 pushes the combustion residues deposited on the cover 60 over the front edge of the cover so that they are deposited on the pan bottom 14 in front of the end face 58. By in the retracted position of the pushrod 42a, 42b present in front of the end face 58 combustion residues or the consequent congestion a backward slipping of the Ausschubschurre 18 combustion residues is prevented.

The combustion residues which have been pushed out of the exhaust chute 18 by a renewed stroke of the push rods 42a, 42b are finally removed for further use or for landfilling.

As in particular from Fig. 4 it can be seen, only the end region 6 'of the trough 6 remote from the discharge direction lies in the form of troughs 26a, 26b, which in the embodiment shown have a substantially rectangular cross-section. The intermediate space 32 formed between the troughs 26a, 26b and encompassing the cylinder piston unit 48 is separated on the one hand by the gutter walls 30a, 30b facing the longitudinal center plane and on the other hand by a separating plate 34 from the trough filled with water. The vertical region 34 'of the separating plate 34 extends in a vertical plane which, viewed in the direction of ejection, extends behind the vertical plane of the rear wall 24 of the inlet shaft 4.

The region of the trough 6 lying behind the inlet shaft 4 and the intermediate space 32 are by means of a covering hood 68 covered, in particular in Fig. 5 is shown. This is equipped with openings 70 which allow access to both the troughs 26a, 26b and the gap 32 from above.

It is conceivable, moreover, to arrange a first water box with a fresh water connection and a filling level device on a first of the side walls 10a or 10b and a second water box with a dirty water connection and an overflow on the second of the side walls 10b or 10a (not shown).

The illustrated arrangement of the drive lever 44 in relation to the output levers 40a, 40b according to the present invention allows optimum power transmission to the pushrod. Verspannmomente, as they may occur in particular in the presence of two cylinder piston units are effectively avoided according to the invention. The use of bearing blocks allows, moreover, a relatively simple assembly and disassembly of the shaft 38. The inventively opened way to weld the output lever 40a, 40b and the drive lever 44 with the shaft 38, can be dispensed with costly keyways.

Claims (14)

1. Slag remover for discharging combustion residues of an incineration plant, comprising:

   a trough (6), which has a trough housing (8) comprising two side walls (10a, 10b), which define the trough width, and a trough bottom (14), and which is intended to collect the combustion residues evacuated from a combustion chamber of the incineration plant,

   at least two push rams (42a, 42b) for pushing the combustion residues out of the trough (6), and

   a shaft (38) rotatably mounted in two shaft bearings (36a, 36b) and on which at least one drive lever (44) cooperating with a cylinder-piston unit (48) and at least two output levers (40a, 40b) connected to respectively one of the push rams (42a or 42b) are disposed in a rotationally secure manner, the cylinder-piston unit (48) being designed such that the push rams (42a, 42b) move back and forth between a retracted position and an extended position,

   wherein the drive lever (44) is disposed between two output levers (40a, 40b).
2. Slag remover as claimed in claim 1, wherein it comprises just a single drive lever (44) and just a single cylinder-piston unit (48).
3. Slag remover as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the drive lever (44) is disposed symmetrically between the output levers (40a, 40b).
4. Slag remover as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the shaft (38) extends at least over the trough width and the shaft bearings (36a, 36b) are disposed on the side walls (10a, 10b).
5. Slag remover as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive lever (44) is disposed substantially midway between the shaft bearings (36a, 36b).
6. Slag remover as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein, during operation, the cylinder-piston unit (48) is oriented at an angle of less than 20°, preferably less than 10°, particularly preferably less than 5° with respect to the horizontal.
7. Slag remover as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the trough (6) is configured, at least in some areas, in the form of two mutually separate trough channels (26a, 26b), and the cylinder-piston unit (48) and/or the drive lever (44) are/is disposed, at least in some areas, in the interspace (32) between the trough channels (26a, 26b).
8. Slag remover as claimed in claim 7, wherein the trough channels (26a, 26b) open out into the trough basin (28) and are fluidically connected to one another by this.
9. Slag remover as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the shaft bearings (36a, 36b) are configured as a bearing pedestal detachably fitted to the trough housing (8).
10. Slag remover as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the drive lever (44) is welded to the shaft (38).
11. Slag remover as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein the output levers (40a, 40b) are welded to the shaft (38).
12. Slag remover as claimed in one of the preceding claims, wherein on a first of the side walls (10a or 10b) is disposed a first water tank comprising a freshwater connection and a fill level apparatus, and on the second of the side walls (10b or 10a) is disposed a second water tank comprising a dirty water connection and an overflow.
13. Slag remover as claimed in claim 12, wherein the cylinder of the cylinder-piston unit (48) is disposed outside the water tanks.
14. Use of the slag remover as claimed in one of the preceding claims for a waste incineration plant.

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