EP2559119B1 - Zündkerze mit vorrichtung zur vermeidung von kurzschlüssen - Google Patents

Zündkerze mit vorrichtung zur vermeidung von kurzschlüssen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2559119B1
EP2559119B1 EP11730372.7A EP11730372A EP2559119B1 EP 2559119 B1 EP2559119 B1 EP 2559119B1 EP 11730372 A EP11730372 A EP 11730372A EP 2559119 B1 EP2559119 B1 EP 2559119B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
spark plug
cavity
plug according
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11730372.7A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2559119A1 (de
Inventor
Maxime Makarov
Marc Pariente
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Renault SAS
Original Assignee
Renault SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Renault SAS filed Critical Renault SAS
Publication of EP2559119A1 publication Critical patent/EP2559119A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2559119B1 publication Critical patent/EP2559119B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/50—Sparking plugs having means for ionisation of gap

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spark plug, radiofrequency plasma type (RF), for internal combustion engine.
  • RF radiofrequency plasma type
  • the candle of the invention is equipped with means making it possible to avoid short-circuit phenomena.
  • This phenomenon is due to the fact that the outer face of the insulating body which is in contact with the gaseous fuel mixture and the flame, clogs with the combustion residues.
  • the spurious spark can either consume only a portion of the available energy in the radio frequency (RF) supply, which nevertheless reduces the volume of the main spark, or cause a short circuit which blocks the emission of the main spark.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the origin of the problem lies in the profile of the junction between the outer face of the insulating body and the central electrode where the dielectric-metal-air media are in contact.
  • the body has a central duct in which is housed the central electrode.
  • the intensity of the electric field is enhanced in the local body-electrode junction zone where the threshold of ionization of the air proves to be largely exceeded.
  • the inclined or curvilinear surface of the insulating body in the junction zone generates a tangential component of the field which favors the propagation of an ionization avalanche phenomenon.
  • Radiofrequency candles of the prior art have only sought to reduce the fouling of the body.
  • the present invention aims to solve the technical problem set out above by intervening on the origin of the problem, that is to say, by aiming at avoiding the strengthening of the electric field at the junction between the external face of the body. dielectric and the central electrode.
  • said cavity is provided with at least one metal lining element extending, at least partially, along the internal lateral face of the body in contact with the electrode and whose thermal expansion coefficient is similar. of that of the dielectric material of said body.
  • said packing element is formed of a metal layer covering the inner wall of said cavity.
  • said metallic lining element is made in one piece with the electrode.
  • said body is made by sintering a ceramic composition around the electrode carrying said lining element.
  • said electrode is made with the metal filling element by casting of metal in situ in said cavity.
  • said metal lining element is soldered.
  • said packing element is an alloy of one or more metals chosen from molybdenum, tungsten, invar and kovar.
  • the junction between the outer face of the body and the electrode has a convex curvature whose radius is less than or equal to half the distance separating said face of said cavity.
  • the wall of said cavity has a semi-elliptical profile whose half small axis is greater than or equal to three times the radius of curvature of the junction between the outer face of the body and the electrode and the half major axis is greater than or six times the radius.
  • the spark plug of the invention makes it possible to protect the radiofrequency candles from fouling by acting on the very cause of the phenomenon.
  • the invention is based on an attenuation of the field at the junction between the outer face of the body and the electrode obtained by a modification of their internal interface in contact.
  • the body 3 has an internal lateral face 3b of contact with a portion 4b of the electrode and beyond which a pointed end portion 4a of the electrode 4 protrudes.
  • the electrode 4 is brought to a high RF voltage and is thus isolated by the body 3 of the base 2 which is, in turn, connected to the ground.
  • the body 3 is generally made of a dielectric material such as a ceramic.
  • the diameter A of the multi-filament spark 5 is of the order of one centimeter.
  • the outer face 3a of the body 3 which is flat on most of its surface is exposed to the gaseous fuel mixture and the flame and is therefore likely to be fouled by a carbon deposit.
  • the Figure 2A is a detailed sectional view of a traditional RF spark plug.
  • the junction of the outer face 3a of the dielectric body 3 with the electrode 4 has an inclined or chamfered profile or more generally, as in the embodiment shown, a curvilinear profile with a radius of curvature R of a hundred microns ( 0.1 mm).
  • Such a profile delimits a restricted and confined empty space where a very intense electric field prevails (of the order of 3.10 7 V / m) favoring the appearance of an air ionization mechanism which is likely to propagate. along the curve and extend along the face 3a by creating a surface parasitic spark.
  • This parasitic phenomenon is all the more likely that the face 3a is strongly exposed to the flame and is gradually covered with a layer of carbon.
  • the candle represented on the Figure 2B is modified, according to the invention, by the embodiment, on the body 3, of at least one annular cavity 30 of axis X.
  • This cavity is formed on the internal lateral face 3b of the body 3 ensuring contact with the electrode 4.
  • the function of the cavity 30 is to locally modify the lines of the electrostatic field and, in particular, at the junction between the external face 3a of the body 3 and the electrode 4 so as to avoid the increase of the electric field in this zone and to prevent the initiation of ionization.
  • the junction between the outer face 3a of the body 3 and the electrode 4 here has a convex curvature whose radius R is less than or equal to half the distance (c) separating the face 3a of the cavity 30.
  • the wall of the cavity 30 has a semi-elliptical profile whose half small axis (b) is greater than or equal to three times the radius of curvature R of the junction between the outer face 3a of the body 3 and the electrode 4 and the half major axis (a) is greater than or equal to six times said radius.
  • the cavity 30 is provided with at least one metal lining element 5 whose thermal expansion coefficient is close to that of the dielectric material of the body 3.
  • the metallic lining element 5 also extends and, at least partially, along the internal lateral face 3b of the body 3 in contact with the electrode 4 in the form of a coating 53 intended to fill the small interspace space between these parts.
  • the gaseous fuel mixture would then be able to penetrate into this space and come into contact with the high walls. temperature before igniting and causing rupture of the body 3.
  • the coating 53 is in electrical contact with the electrode 4 inside the spark plug 1 so that the entire inner surface of the body 3 is equipotential with the electrode which is under high voltage.
  • FIGS. 3A to 3C represent alternative embodiments of the candle of the invention.
  • the packing element 5 is formed of a metal layer 50 covering the inner wall of the cavity 30 and extending from one side to the other. other of the cavity and along the electrode 4 by the coating 53.
  • the layer 50 and the coating 53 are made from alloys of molybdenum and / or tungsten.
  • a second packing element 51 made by filling the cavity 30 with a metal alloy based on Kovar and / or Invar.
  • the assembly is carried out by soldering in order to ensure good contact between the respective facing faces of the body 3 and the element 51.
  • the second packing element 52 is made in one piece with the electrode 4 and is itself provided with a first packing element in the form of the metal coating 53.
  • the body 3 can be made by sintering a ceramic composition around the electrode 4 carrying the metal element 5.
  • An alternative may consist in directly producing the electrode 4 with a metal element 52 by metal casting in situ in the central duct and the cavity 30 of the body 3.

Landscapes

  • Spark Plugs (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Zündkerze von der Art Funkfrequenz-Plasmazündkerze, die enthält:
    - einen zylindrischen Sockel (2) mit einer Hauptachse (X), der aus einem ersten elektrisch leitenden Material geformt ist,
    - eine zentrale Elektrode (4), die aus einem zweiten elektrisch leitenden Material geformt ist und sich gemäß der Hauptachse (X) erstreckt, und
    - einen aus einem dielektrischen Material geformten Körper (3), der zwischen dem Sockel (2) und der Elektrode (4) angeordnet ist, indem er eine innere Seitenfläche (3b) aufweist, die mit der Elektrode in Kontakt steht und jenseits von der ein Endbereich (4a) der Elektrode (4) vorsteht, wobei der Körper (3) mindestens einen ringförmigen Hohlraum (30) einer Achse (X) aufweist, der an seiner Kontaktseitenfläche (3b) mit der Elektrode (4) ausgespart ist, um die Linien des elektrostatischen Felds an der Verbindung zwischen der Außenseite (3a) des Körpers und der Elektrode (4) lokal zu verändern,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hohlraum (30) mit mindestens einem metallischen Füllmaterial (5, 50, 51, 52, 53) versehen ist, das sich zumindest teilweise entlang der inneren Seitenfläche (3b) des Körpers in Kontakt mit der Elektrode (4) erstreckt und dessen thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient nahe demjenigen des dielektrischen Materials des Körpers ist, und die Verbindung zwischen der Außenseite (3a) des Körpers (3) und der Elektrode (4) eine konvexe Krümmung aufweist, deren Radius (R) kleiner als die oder gleich der Hälfte des die Seite vom Hohlraum (30) trennenden Abstands (c) ist.
  2. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Füllelement (5) von einer Metallschicht (50) geformt wird, die die Innenwand des Hohlraums (30) bedeckt.
  3. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das metallische Füllelement aus einem Stück mit der Elektrode (4) hergestellt wird.
  4. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Körper (3) durch Sintern einer Keramikzusammensetzung um die das metallische Element tragende Elektrode (4) herum hergestellt wird.
  5. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Elektrode (4) mit dem metallischen Füllelement (5) durch Gießen von Metall vor Ort in den Hohlraum (30) hergestellt wird.
  6. Zündkerze nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das metallische Füllelement (5) durch Löten hinzugefügt wird.
  7. Zündkerze nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Füllelement (5) eine Legierung aus einem oder mehreren Metallen ist, die aus Molybdän, Wolfram, Invar und Kovar ausgewählt werden.
  8. Zündkerze nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wand des Hohlraums (30) ein halbelliptisches Profil hat, dessen kleine Halbachse (b) größer als das oder gleich dem Dreifachen des Krümmungsradius (R) der Verbindung zwischen der Außenseite (3a) des Körpers und der Elektrode und die große Halbachse (a) größer als das oder gleich dem Sechsfachen des Radius (R) ist.
EP11730372.7A 2010-04-16 2011-04-14 Zündkerze mit vorrichtung zur vermeidung von kurzschlüssen Not-in-force EP2559119B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1052908A FR2959071B1 (fr) 2010-04-16 2010-04-16 Bougie d'allumage equipee de moyens de prevention des courts-circuits
PCT/FR2011/050848 WO2011128589A1 (fr) 2010-04-16 2011-04-14 Bougie d'allumage équipée de moyens de prévention des courts-circuits

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2559119A1 EP2559119A1 (de) 2013-02-20
EP2559119B1 true EP2559119B1 (de) 2014-12-17

Family

ID=43038026

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11730372.7A Not-in-force EP2559119B1 (de) 2010-04-16 2011-04-14 Zündkerze mit vorrichtung zur vermeidung von kurzschlüssen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2559119B1 (de)
CN (1) CN102884686B (de)
FR (1) FR2959071B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2011128589A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6524136B2 (ja) * 2017-03-31 2019-06-05 日本特殊陶業株式会社 点火プラグ

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3883762A (en) * 1974-06-17 1975-05-13 Bendix Corp Electrical discharge device comprising an insulator body having an electrically semi-conducting coating formed thereon
DE102004039406A1 (de) * 2004-08-13 2006-02-23 Siemens Ag Plasma-Zünd-Verfahren und -Vorrichtung zur Zündung von Kraftstoff/Luft-Gemischen in Verbrennungskraftmaschinen
FR2878086B1 (fr) 2004-11-16 2007-03-09 Renault Sas Bougie a plasma radiofrequence
FR2881281B1 (fr) * 2005-01-26 2011-04-22 Renault Sas Bougie a generation de plasma
FR2886776B1 (fr) * 2005-06-07 2012-08-17 Renault Sas Electrode notamment d'une bougie d'allumage de moteur a combustion interne
FR2887083B1 (fr) * 2005-06-08 2007-08-10 Renault Sas Bougie a plasma radiofrequence pour l'allumage commande de moteurs a combustion interne
FR2888421B1 (fr) 2005-07-06 2007-08-31 Renault Sas Dispositif de commande d'un transistor haute tension, en particulier un transitor mos d'un generateur haute tension radio-frequence pour l'allumage commande d'un moteur a combustion interne
FR2895169B1 (fr) 2005-12-15 2008-08-01 Renault Sas Optimisation de la frequence d'excitation d'un resonateur
FR2895170B1 (fr) 2005-12-15 2008-03-07 Renault Sas Optimisation de la frequence d'excitation d'un resonateur
FR2907269B1 (fr) * 2006-10-17 2009-01-30 Renault Sas Dispositif de generation de plasma radiofrequence.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2959071A1 (fr) 2011-10-21
CN102884686B (zh) 2014-06-18
EP2559119A1 (de) 2013-02-20
WO2011128589A1 (fr) 2011-10-20
FR2959071B1 (fr) 2012-07-27
CN102884686A (zh) 2013-01-16

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