EP2556303A2 - Ensemble pneumatique avec équilibre de masse - Google Patents

Ensemble pneumatique avec équilibre de masse

Info

Publication number
EP2556303A2
EP2556303A2 EP11709660A EP11709660A EP2556303A2 EP 2556303 A2 EP2556303 A2 EP 2556303A2 EP 11709660 A EP11709660 A EP 11709660A EP 11709660 A EP11709660 A EP 11709660A EP 2556303 A2 EP2556303 A2 EP 2556303A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
medium
sensor
mass
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11709660A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2556303B1 (fr
Inventor
Tobias Metz
Roland Keber
Rudolf Tungl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH
Original Assignee
Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH filed Critical Ebm Papst Landshut GmbH
Publication of EP2556303A2 publication Critical patent/EP2556303A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2556303B1 publication Critical patent/EP2556303B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L5/00—Blast-producing apparatus before the fire
    • F23L5/02—Arrangements of fans or blowers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
    • F23N3/08—Regulating air supply or draught by power-assisted systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
    • F23N5/184—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/18—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel
    • F23N2005/181—Systems for controlling combustion using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air or fuel using detectors sensitive to rate of flow of air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2233/00—Ventilators
    • F23N2233/06—Ventilators at the air intake
    • F23N2233/08—Ventilators at the air intake with variable speed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a blower device for conveying at least one medium, wherein the device comprises at least one blower with housing, a nozzle and a sensor. Furthermore, the invention relates to methods for controlled operation of the blower device, wherein by the sensor, the mass of the medium flowing through the nozzle is measured, the measured values are passed to a control electronically and this adjusts the speed of the fan such that the desired values are achieved at the sensor, wherein at the same time a second, the nozzle supplied medium is adjusted pneumatically in a corresponding manner.
  • the invention is directed to mixing blowers for conveying and mixing combustible media with air, which usually promote the combustible mixture to a downstream burner.
  • blowers are preferably used in heating technology, since they ensure a good premixing of the fuel with air.
  • both pneumatic and electronic control systems are known in the art, but each of which are not without disadvantages in the adjustment of the mixing ratio.
  • premixed blowers for gas burners many influencing parameters have to be taken into account in order to ensure the correct mixing ratio of air and gas (Lambda air ratio), whereby the fast and correct setting of the air number is of high importance for a low-emission combustion with high efficiency.
  • the pneumatic composite is characterized in that valves are pneumatically controlled, wherein the control pressure is provided by the volume flow generated in the blower and at a corresponding point, for example, at the air inlet of the blower tapped.
  • the control of the valve leads to an amount of gas, which is then adapted to the amount of air sucked by the fan and mixed.
  • the higher the negative pressure the farther the valve opens and the larger the amount of gas supplied.
  • the negative pressure depends on the amount of air taken in per unit time and the flow velocity of the air. The relationship between air pressure and flow velocity is known from the Bernoulli equation.
  • the pneumatic composite is characterized by the simplicity of its components, which are mainly formed as passively controlled by the fluid mechanics elements.
  • a disadvantage of the pneumatic composite is that the fan speed to achieve a given heating power can be influenced by various conditions. In particular, changing air pressures or temperatures of the intake air can lead to significant deviations in the heating power. This is particularly disadvantageous when systems are to be operated at different geodetic heights, and the air pressure well below the mean air pressure and thus the heating power permanently below the predetermined values lies. While this negative impact can be minimized by calibrating the system for different geodetic altitudes, this is costly and expensive. Influencing factors, such as a fluctuating temperature of the intake air or differences in the quality of the fuel gas and pressure differences in the gas lines can not be compensated by calibration.
  • the system is therefore significantly more expensive and expensive compared to the pneumatic composite. It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and a method which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art. sore.
  • the blower device should be cheaper compared to the electronic composite and still be able to compensate for pressure fluctuations of the supplied medium.
  • a blower device for conveying at least one medium, which is a blower with a housing having an inlet and an outlet, a nozzle which is flow-connected to the housing so as to be at least a medium can be flowed through, the nozzle being designed to effect at least sections a negative pressure of the at least one medium, at least one sensor, wherein the sensor is arranged and configured in the area of action of the nozzle, at least the parameter (s) of the at least one medium to measure, which are necessary for determining the mass of the at least one medium comprises.
  • the area of action of the nozzle in this case encompasses every area to which the flow modified by the nozzle (for example flow velocity, pressure) acts.
  • the object is achieved by a method for the controlled operation of a blower device, wherein the sensor arranged in the region of action of the nozzle measures the value of the mass of a first medium flowing through the nozzle, directs the measured value to a control via an electronic signal line, the regulation the speed of the
  • the blower fan is controlled in response to the value measured by the sensor until the value measured by the sensor corresponds to a setpoint stored by the control, whereby the speed control regulates the amount of a second medium supplied to the nozzle essentially simultaneously and pneumatically in linear dependence the change in the mass of the first medium is changed.
  • the object is achieved by a method for the controlled operation of a said blower device, wherein the sensor arranged in the region of action of the nozzle measures the value of the mass of a first medium flowing through the nozzle, the measured value via the electronic signal line to the controller, wherein the controller controls the speed of the impeller of the blower in response to the value measured by the sensor, wherein the control of the speed, the amount of a second, the nozzle supplied medium substantially simultaneously and pneumatically in linear dependence on the change of Mass of the first medium is changed.
  • the invention is significantly simplified and omitted in an advantageous manner as far as possible on expensive and rule- or tax-intensive electronic elements. For example, no electronic detection of the second medium - the gas volume flow - as well as electronic control of the gas valve is needed, as taught in the prior art.
  • the invention finds particular application for mixing blowers for use in heating technology, wherein air is sucked in as the main flow, and fuel gas is supplied and admixed via a feed element.
  • the invention is essentially a pneumatic composite system that includes electronic detection of the air mass of the main air stream and can provide mass balance via a controller.
  • the blower device according to the invention is designed to convey at least one medium, wherein the at least one medium is preferably air.
  • the sensor arranged in the area of action of the nozzle can measure the air mass in various ways. In principle, it is possible to use any sensor element which is suitable for measuring one size or several sizes, which stand alone or together in clear relation to the mass flow flowing through the nozzle. The mere measurement of the volumetric flow is not sufficient, and would only be possible if other measured variables, such as the air density, were detected and a conversion device was provided which calculates the air mass from the measured variables. However, with sufficiently stable conditions, the amount of air delivered by the blower is stable and only dependent on the speed. To determine the mass flow, a sensor for direct or indirect determination is sufficient in this case, taking into account the speed control.
  • the air mass can be measured indirectly by measuring, for example, the following parameters in sound velocity, density, Doppler effect, heat capacity or thermal transport performance, barometric pressure, ionizability, speed of light, oxygen isotope concentration, electromagnetic or magnetic permeability, absorption coefficient for certain electromagnetic or mechanical waves as well as all other variables, which are mainly related to the density of the air.
  • the blower device can additionally have an electronic evaluation unit which evaluates the sensor signal and converts it into an electronic signal that can be assigned to the mass flowed through. The transmission of signals is described in more detail below.
  • the nozzle has an additional channel through which at least a portion of the at least one medium (air) flows, wherein the sensor is arranged in the additional channel.
  • the nozzle can also have at least two supply lines for the at least one medium (air), wherein the first supply line comprises the main current, and the second supply line is channel-shaped and the sensor is arranged in its interior.
  • the nozzle is designed as a Venturi nozzle and arranged in direct connection to the inlet of the housing of the fan, ie, the Venturi nozzle upstream of the fan in the flow direction to the resulting according to the Bernoulli Eisenung in the Venturi nozzle higher velocities of the flow already in the inlet of the blower.
  • Zen. The use of a Venturi nozzle is also advantageous, since in the mass flow is well controlled and thus a measurement by the sensor is easily possible.
  • the mass flow in the additional channel or in the second supply line is subject to the effective range of the Venturi nozzle and is adjusted in particular by the negative pressure generated in the Venturi nozzle, so that there is a direct relationship to the main mass flow through the Venturi nozzle itself and from the measured value of the mass flow in the supply line or the additional channel to close the mass flow in the entire Venturi.
  • an additional channel is also advantageous if it extends substantially parallel over a predetermined portion of the nozzle and opens into a region in the nozzle, which lies in the flow direction in front of a nozzle portion in which the cross section of the nozzle is minimal.
  • the partial flow guided in the additional channel is consequently returned to the main flow flowing inside the nozzle in a region in front of the narrowest cross section.
  • the invention further provides that the nozzle has a supply element via which a second medium is supplied by means of the negative pressure generated by the nozzle, wherein the supplied amount of the second medium is controlled exclusively by the pressure difference due to the negative pressure of the nozzle is.
  • gas is preferably used as the second medium.
  • the supply element is preferably designed as a gas line which has a gas valve which controls the amount of gas supplied depending on the open position.
  • the negative pressure generated by the nozzle can act directly or indirectly on the gas valve and ensure a wide open position of the gas valve at a higher negative pressure and a more closed position at a lower negative pressure. On additional electronic measuring or control devices of the gas valve can thus be dispensed with.
  • the senor is electronically connected to a controller or regulation and can transmit the measured parameters of the at least one medium as values to the controller via an electronic signal line.
  • the sensor further acquires the value of the air mass flowing through the nozzle per unit time, preferably via an optical fiber cable, to the controller or controller.
  • the blower device can be controlled both by means of a control and regulated by means of a control, wherein in a first alternative the control is designed to control the speed of an impeller of the blower in dependence on the value of the parameter measured by the sensor an alternative embodiment, the fan is equipped with a control that is adapted to the speed of an impeller of the blower depending on the value of the . to be controlled by the parameter measured by the sensor until the measured value corresponds to a setpoint stored in the control.
  • the advantage of controlled operation is that, after a change in the air mass flow, the respective new mass value measured by the sensor can be checked by means of a variation of the rotational speed of the fan of the fan and returned to the controller. In the case of the control, only the new speed value is controlled, without there being a check of the actually achieved mass flow.
  • a characteristic which determines the speed of the impeller of the fan in dependence on the required heating power of the burner when the blower according to the invention is designed as air and gas premixing radial fan for burner.
  • the pre-mixing can be done by the housing upstream of the nozzle or additionally or additionally within the housing of the blower itself.
  • the operation of the blower is regulated, whereby in the area of action of the nozzle attached to the inlet of the housing, for example in an additional channel, the mass flow sensor measures the value of the air mass flowing through the nozzle.
  • the value measured by the mass flow sensor is sent to the control via an electronic signal line, whereupon the control regulates the speed of the fan taking into account the measured value such that the value measured by the sensor is stored in one of the control Setpoint corresponds.
  • the method is characterized in that the air mass flowing through the nozzle generates a certain negative pressure, which pneumatically determines the opening position of a gas valve and thus a second medium supplied to the nozzle, so that the regulation of the air mass flow via the change in the speed of the impeller directly to a corresponding change in the supplied gas mass leads.
  • a controller is used instead of a control, in which case no control takes place until the value measured by the sensor corresponds to a desired value stored for the control, but only a predetermined speed value is activated. The remaining process steps are identical to the control method.
  • the elements of the blower device are designed such that the control method according to the invention a pneumatic change of the supplied mass of the second medium (gas) leads, which is in linear dependence on the supplied mass of the first medium (air) and essentially simultaneously with changing the mass of the first medium by varying the speed.
  • a device with fan 1 for conveying a mixture of air and gas is shown schematically.
  • the fan 1 has a housing 2 with an inlet 3 and an outlet 4, wherein at the inlet 3, a nozzle 5 is fluidly connected directly to the housing 2.
  • a driven by a motor 10 impeller 2 is arranged within the housing 2.
  • the nozzle 5 is designed as a venturi nozzle, with this nozzle type correspondingly tapering an inlet region with a large cross section towards a section with a clearly narrower cross section and subsequently increasing the cross section back to the inlet 3 of the housing 2 substantially to its original value.
  • the driving of the fan 12 generates a flow.
  • a feed element 8 is arranged on the Venturi nozzle 5, via which fuel, preferably gas, can be supplied.
  • fuel preferably gas
  • the amount of gas supplied depends on the opening position of the gas valve 13, to which the negative pressure of the nozzle 5 acts and determines the opening position.
  • the amount of gas supplied thus depends directly and linearly on the value of the negative pressure, ie the rotational speed of the impeller 12 from.
  • the sensor 6 is arranged to determine the air mass flowing through the venturi 5.
  • the senor 6 is attached to the inner wall of the venturi 5 in such a way that that the sensor 6 is exposed directly to the main flow of the intake air.
  • the sensor 6 is shown enlarged next to the Venturi nozzle 5, wherein this is electronically connected to a controller 9 'via an electronic signal line 11 and the measured values via the signal line 1 to the controller 9' directs.
  • the controller 9 ' is connected to the engine 10 to adjust the speed of the impeller 12 in response to the values measured by the sensor 6.
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the Venturi nozzle 5, the remaining elements being identical to FIG. 1.
  • the nozzle 5 has an additional channel 7 in the inlet region, in which the sensor 6 is arranged. Through the additional channel 7, a side stream is sucked, which is such that can be closed by the measurement of the secondary flow to the mass of the main stream. The losses in a well-engineered venturi 5 are so minimal that they are easily tolerated.
  • the additional channel 7 extends substantially parallel to the outer wall of the nozzle 5 and opens back into the main flow of the nozzle 5 in a region which lies in the flow direction in front of the nozzle portion in which the cross section of the nozzle 5 is minimal.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further alternative embodiment of the arrangement of the sensor 6 is shown, wherein, moreover, the features not shown in Figure 1 are also to be used in this embodiment.
  • the nozzle 5 has two supply lines, wherein a first supply line carries a main flow and a second supply line a secondary flow.
  • the sensor 6 is arranged, with which the supplied air mass is measured and passed through an electrical signal line, not shown, to the control.
  • the air mass sucked in by the blower wheel 12 is measured by means of the sensor 6 and the measured value is passed to a control 9 'via an electrical signal line 11. wherein the regulation regulates the speed of the fan wheel 12 of the fan 1 as a function of the sensor 6 measured value until the measured value corresponds to a setpoint stored in control 9 '.
  • the sensor 6 is arranged in the area of action of the venturi 5 and measures the mass of the combustion air flowing through the venturi 5.
  • the venturi 5 causes during the flow of air through a negative pressure, which acts via a supply element 8 or an additional line on the open position of the gas valve, and thus causes a larger negative pressure another opening position of the gas valve 13 and thus a larger amount of gas supplied at larger air masses ,
  • a negative pressure acts via a supply element 8 or an additional line on the open position of the gas valve, and thus causes a larger negative pressure another opening position of the gas valve 13 and thus a larger amount of gas supplied at larger air masses .
  • the amount of gas supplied is automatically and pneumatically adjusted accordingly. This adjustment is essentially simultaneous and in linear dependence on the change in the air mass supplied.
  • controller 9 instead of a controller 9 ', wherein the rpm is controlled via a stored characteristic, but there is no feedback and checking of the achieved value with a desired value.
  • an electronic evaluation unit can be provided which evaluates a signal from the sensor and converts it into an electronic signal that can be assigned to the mass flowed through.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de soufflerie permettant de transporter au moins un milieu, comprenant une soufflante munie d'un boîtier comportant une entrée et une sortie, une buse disposée contre le boîtier et en liaison fluidique avec celui-ci de façon à pouvoir être parcourue par ledit(lesdits) milieu(x), la buse étant conçue de façon à générer, au moins dans certaines parties, une dépression dudit(desdits) milieu(x), au moins un détecteur disposé dans la zone d'action de la buse et conçu pour mesurer des paramètres dudit(desdits) milieu(x) nécessaires à la détermination de la masse de ce(ces) milieu(x).
EP11709660.2A 2010-03-10 2011-02-28 Ensemble pneumatique avec équilibre de masse Not-in-force EP2556303B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010010952A DE102010010952A1 (de) 2010-03-10 2010-03-10 Pneumatischer Verbund mit Massenausgleich
PCT/EP2011/052949 WO2011110439A2 (fr) 2010-03-10 2011-02-28 Ensemble pneumatique avec équilibre de masse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2556303A2 true EP2556303A2 (fr) 2013-02-13
EP2556303B1 EP2556303B1 (fr) 2016-02-24

Family

ID=44501716

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11709660.2A Not-in-force EP2556303B1 (fr) 2010-03-10 2011-02-28 Ensemble pneumatique avec équilibre de masse

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US9677765B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2556303B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE202010018511U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011110439A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10260746B2 (en) 2016-09-30 2019-04-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Combustion device with a side duct for measuring turbulent flows

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DE102012019409A1 (de) * 2012-10-04 2014-04-10 August Brötje GmbH Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von Wärme aus zumindest einem Energieträgermedium unter Hinzufügen von Luft
RS59606B1 (sr) * 2014-02-12 2020-01-31 C I B Unigas S P A Uređaj za upravljanje sagorevanjem u gorioniku
ES2792874T3 (es) * 2016-09-30 2020-11-12 Siemens Ag Regulación de flujos turbulentos

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10260746B2 (en) 2016-09-30 2019-04-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Combustion device with a side duct for measuring turbulent flows
US10352562B2 (en) 2016-09-30 2019-07-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Combustion device with a side duct for measuring turbulent flows

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE202010018511U1 (de) 2017-03-24
WO2011110439A2 (fr) 2011-09-15
US20130045077A1 (en) 2013-02-21
EP2556303B1 (fr) 2016-02-24
DE102010010952A1 (de) 2011-09-15
WO2011110439A3 (fr) 2013-03-21
US9677765B2 (en) 2017-06-13

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