EP2552908A2 - Heterocyclische verbindungen und ihre verwendung - Google Patents

Heterocyclische verbindungen und ihre verwendung

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Publication number
EP2552908A2
EP2552908A2 EP11713167A EP11713167A EP2552908A2 EP 2552908 A2 EP2552908 A2 EP 2552908A2 EP 11713167 A EP11713167 A EP 11713167A EP 11713167 A EP11713167 A EP 11713167A EP 2552908 A2 EP2552908 A2 EP 2552908A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
amino
ethyl
fluoro
pyrimidinecarbonitrile
benzimidazol
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Application number
EP11713167A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Timothy D. Cushing
Jason A. Duquette
Xiao He
Julia Winslow Lohman
Youngsook Shin
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Amgen Inc
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Amgen Inc
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Publication of EP2552908A2 publication Critical patent/EP2552908A2/de
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    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
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    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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    • C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) enzymes, and more particularly to selective inhibitors of PI3K activity and to methods of using such materials.
  • PI3K phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
  • PI 3-kinase The enzyme responsible for generating these phosphorylated signaling products, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase; PI3K), was originally identified as an activity associated with viral oncoproteins and growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases that phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol (PI) and its phosphorylated derivatives at the 3'-hydroxyl of the inositol ring (Panayotou et al, Trends Cell Biol 2:358-60 (1992)).
  • PIP3 phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-triphosphate
  • PI 3-kinase activation therefore, is involved in a wide range of cellular responses including cell growth, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis (Parker et al, Current Biology, 5:577-99 (1995); Yao et al, Science, 267:2003-05 (1995)).
  • AGC family members that are regulated by PI3K include the phosphoinositide- dependent kinase (PDK1), AKT (also termed PKB) and certain iso forms of protein kinase C (PKC) and S6 kinase.
  • PDK1 phosphoinositide- dependent kinase
  • AKT also termed PKB
  • PKC protein kinase C
  • S6 kinase S6 kinase
  • Activation of AKT depends on phosphorylation by PDK1, which also has a 3-phosphoinositide-selective PH domain to recruit it to the membrane where it interacts with AKT.
  • Other important PDK1 substrates are PKC and S6 kinase (Deane and Fruman, Annu.Rev.Immunol. 22 563-598 (2004)).
  • PKC protein kinase C
  • Class I PI3Ks can phosphorylate phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate, and phosphatidyl- inositol-4,5-biphosphate (PIP2) to produce phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PIP), phosphatidylinositol-3,4-biphosphate, and phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5- triphosphate, respectively.
  • Class II PI3Ks phosphorylate PI and phosphatidyl- inositol-4-phosphate
  • Class III PI3Ks can only phosphorylate PI.
  • PI 3 -kinase The initial purification and molecular cloning of PI 3 -kinase revealed that it was a heterodimer consisting of p85 and pi 10 subunits (Otsu et al, Cell, 65:91- 104 (1991); Hiles et al, Cell, 70:419-29 (1992)). Since then, four distinct Class I PI3Ks have been identified, designated PI3K ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , and ⁇ , each consisting of a distinct 110 kDa catalytic subunit and a regulatory subunit.
  • bovine pi 10a Cloning of bovine pi 10a has been described. This protein was identified as related to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein: Vps34p, a protein involved in vacuolar protein processing. The recombinant pi 10a product was also shown to associate with p85a, to yield a PI3K activity in transfected COS-1 cells. See Hiles et al, Cell, 70, 419-29 (1992).
  • p 110 ⁇ The cloning of a second human p 110 isoform, designated p 110 ⁇ , is described in Hu et al, Mol Cell Biol, 13:7677-88 (1993).
  • This isoform is said to associate with p85 in cells, and to be ubiquitously expressed, as pi 10 ⁇ m NA has been found in numerous human and mouse tissues as well as in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, Jurkat human leukemic T cells, 293 human embryonic kidney cells, mouse 3T3 fibroblasts, HeLa cells, and NBT2 rat bladder carcinoma cells. Such wide expression suggests that this isoform is broadly important in signaling pathways.
  • pi 105 isoform of PI 3-kinase is described in Chantry et al, J Biol Chem, 272: 19236-41 (1997). It was observed that the human pi 10 ⁇ isoform is expressed in a tissue-restricted fashion. It is expressed at high levels in lymphocytes and lymphoid tissues and has been shown to play a key role in PI 3- kinase-mediated signaling in the immune system (Al-Alwan etl al. JI 178: 2328- 2335 (2007); Okkenhaug et al JI, 177: 5122-5128 (2006); Lee et al. PNAS, 103: 1289-1294 (2006)). PI 105 has also been shown to be expressed at lower levels in breast cells, melanocytes and endothelial cells (Vogt et al. Virology, 344: 131-138
  • the p85 subunit acts to localize PI 3 -kinase to the plasma membrane by the interaction of its SH2 domain with phosphorylated tyrosine residues (present in an appropriate sequence context) in target proteins (Rameh et al, Cell, 83:821-30 (1995)).
  • Five isoforms of p85 have been identified ( ⁇ 85 ⁇ , ⁇ 85 ⁇ , ⁇ 55 ⁇ , p55a and p50a) encoded by three genes.
  • Pik3rl gene encodes the p85 a, p55 a and p50a proteins (Deane and Fruman, Annu.Rev.Immunol. 22: 563-598 (2004)).
  • p85a is ubiquitously expressed while ⁇ 85 ⁇ , is primarily found in the brain and lymphoid tissues (Volinia et al, Oncogene, 7:789-93 (1992)).
  • Association of the p85 subunit to the PI 3-kinase pi 10a, ⁇ , or ⁇ catalytic subunits appears to be required for the catalytic activity and stability of these enzymes.
  • the binding of Ras proteins also upregulates PI 3-kinase activity.
  • pi 10 ⁇ The cloning of pi 10 ⁇ revealed still further complexity within the PI3K family of enzymes (Stoyanov et al, Science, 269:690-93 (1995)).
  • the pi 10 ⁇ isoform is closely related to p 110a and p 110 ⁇ (45-48% identity in the catalytic domain), but as noted does not make use of p85 as a targeting subunit. Instead, pi 10 ⁇ binds a plOl regulatory subunit that also binds to the ⁇ subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins.
  • the pi 01 regulatory subunit for PBKgamma was originally cloned in swine, and the human ortholog identified subsequently (Krugmann et al, J Biol Chem, 274: 17152-8 (1999)).
  • plOl-homologue ⁇ 3 ⁇ adapter protein of 87 kDa
  • p84 or p8y piKAP ⁇ 3 ⁇ adapter protein of 87 kDa
  • p87 PIKAP is homologous to p 101 in areas that bind p 110 ⁇ and ⁇ and also mediates activation of pi 10 ⁇ downstream of G-protein-coupled receptors.
  • pgyPiKAP s hjgUy expressed in the heart and may be crucial to ⁇ 3 ⁇ cardiac function.
  • a constitutively active PI3K polypeptide is described in international publication WO 96/25488.
  • This publication discloses preparation of a chimeric fusion protein in which a 102-residue fragment of p85 known as the inter-SH2 (iSH2) region is fused through a linker region to the N-terminus of murine pi 10.
  • iSH2 inter-SH2
  • the p85 iSH2 domain apparently is able to activate PI3K activity in a manner comparable to intact p85 (Klippel et al, Mol Cell Biol, 14:2675-85 (1994)).
  • PI 3 -kinases can be defined by their amino acid identity or by their activity. Additional members of this growing gene family include more distantly related lipid and protein kinases including Vps34 TORI, and TOR2 of Saccharo- myces cerevisiae (and their mammalian homologs such as FRAP and mTOR), the ataxia telangiectasia gene product (ATR) and the catalytic subunit of DNA- dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). See generally, Hunter, Cell, 83: 1-4 (1995).
  • PI 3-kinase is also involved in a number of aspects of leukocyte activation.
  • PI 3-kinase activity has been shown to physically associate with the cytoplasmic domain of CD28, which is an important costimulatory molecule for the activation of T-cells in response to antigen (Pages et al., Nature, 369:327- 29 (1994); Rudd, Immunity, 4:527-34 (1996)).
  • Activation of T cells through CD28 lowers the threshold for activation by antigen and increases the magnitude and duration of the proliferative response.
  • IL2 interleukin-2
  • Mutation of CD28 such that it can no longer interact with PI 3-kinase leads to a failure to initiate IL2 production, suggesting a critical role for PI 3-kinase in T cell activation.
  • PI 3-kinase inhibitors Two compounds, LY294002 and wortmannin, have been widely used as PI 3-kinase inhibitors. These compounds, however, are nonspecific PI3K inhibitors, as they do not distinguish among the four members of Class I PI 3-kinases. For example, the
  • IC 50 values of wortmannin against each of the various Class I PI 3-kinases are in the range of 1-lOnM. Similarly, the IC 50 values for LY294002 against each of these PI 3-kinases is about ⁇ (Fruman et al., Ann Rev Biochem, 67:481-507 (1998)). Hence, the utility of these compounds in studying the roles of individual Class I PI 3-kinases is limited. Based on studies using wortmannin, there is evidence that PI 3 -kinase function also is required for some aspects of leukocyte signaling through G- protein coupled receptors (Thelen et al, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 91 :4960-64 (1994)).
  • PI 10a and pi 10 ⁇ knockout mice have been generated and are both embryonic lethal and little information can be obtained from these mice regarding the expression and function of pi 10 alpha and beta (Bi et al. Mamm.Genome, 13: 169-172 (2002); Bi et al. J.Biol.Chem. 274: 10963-10968 (1999)).
  • pi 10a kinase dead knock in mice were generated with a single point mutation in the DFG motif of the ATP binding pocket (pi 10aD 933A ) that impairs kinase activity but preserves mutant pi 10a kinase expression.
  • the knockin approach preserves signaling complex stoichiometry, scaffold functions and mimics small molecule approaches more realistically than knock out mice.
  • p 110aD 933A homozygous mice are embryonic lethal.
  • heterozygous mice are viable and fertile but display severely blunted signaling via insulin-receptor substrate (IRS) proteins, key mediators of insulin, insulin- like growth factor- 1 and leptin action.
  • IFS insulin-receptor substrate
  • Defective responsiveness to these hormones leads to hyperinsulinaemia, glucose intolerance, hyperphagia, increase adiposity and reduced overall growth in heterozygotes
  • PI 10 ⁇ knock out and kinase-dead knock in mice have both been generated and overall show similar and mild phenotypes with primary defects in migration of cells of the innate immune system and a defect in thymic development of T cells (Li et al. Science, 287: 1046-1049 (2000), Sasaki et al. Science, 287: 1040-1046 (2000), Patrucco et al. Cell, 118: 375-387 (2004)).
  • PI3K delta knock out and kinase-dead knock-in mice have been made and are viable with mild and like phenotypes.
  • the pi 105 D910A mutant knock in mice demonstrated an important role for delta in B cell development and function, with marginal zone B cells and CD5+ Bl cells nearly undetectable, and B- and T cell antigen receptor signaling (Clayton et al.
  • Inhibitors to alpha are desirable because mutations in pi 10a have been identified in several solid tumors; for example, an amplification mutation of alpha is associated with 50% of ovarian, cervical, lung and breast cancer and an activation mutation has been described in more than 50% of bowel and 25% of breast cancers (Hennessy et al. Nature Reviews, 4: 988-1004 (2005)). Yamanouchi has developed a compound YM-024 that inhibits alpha and delta equipotently and is 8- and 28-fold selective over beta and gamma respectively (Ito et al. J.Pharm.Exp.Therapeut., 321 : 1-8 (2007)).
  • PI 10 ⁇ is involved in thrombus formation (Jackson et al. Nature Med. 1 1 : 507-514 (2005)) and small molecule inhibitors specific for this isoform are thought after for indication involving clotting disorders (TGX-221 : 0.007uM on beta; 14-fold selective over delta, and more than 500-fold selective over gamma and alpha) (Ito et al. J.Pharm.Exp.Therapeut., 321 : 1-8 (2007)).
  • IC871 14 inhibits pi 105 in the high nanomolar range (triple digit) and has greater than 100-fold selectivity against pi 10a, is 52 fold selective against pi 10 ⁇ but lacks selectivity against pi 10 ⁇ (approx. 8-fold). It shows no activity against any protein kinases tested (Knight et al. Cell, 125 : 733-747 (2006)).
  • delta-selective compounds or genetically manipulated mice pl l05 D910A . It was shown that in addition to playing a key role in B and T cell activation, delta is also partially involved in neutrophil migration and primed neutrophil respiratory burst and leads to a partial block of antigen-IgE mediated mast cell degranulation (Condliffe et al. Blood, 106: 1432-1440 (2005); Ali et al. Nature, 431 : 1007-1011 (2002)).
  • pi 105 is emerging as an important mediator of many key inflammatory responses that are also known to participate in aberrant
  • the present invention comprises a new class of compounds having the general formula
  • One aspect of the invention relates to compounds having the structure:
  • X 1 is C(R 10 ) orN;
  • X 2 isC(R 12 )orN
  • X 6 is C or N; wherein at least two of X 3 , X 4 , X 5 and X 6 are C;
  • Y is N(R 8 ), O or S;
  • n 0, 1, 2 or 3;
  • R 3 is an unsaturated 5-, 6- or 7-membered monocyclic ring containing 0, 1 , 2, 3 or 4 atoms selected from N, O and S, but containing no more than one O or S, substituted by 0, 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from halo, Ci_ 4 alk, Ci_ 3 haloalk, -OCi_ 4 alk, -NH 2 , -NHCi_ 4 alk, -N(Ci_ 4 alk)Ci_ 4 alk;
  • R 4 is, independently, in each instance, halo, nitro, cyano, Ci_ 4 alk, OCi_ 4 alk, OCi_ 4 haloalk, NHCi_ 4 alk, N(Ci_ 4 alk)Ci_ 4 alk or Ci_ 4 haloalk;
  • R 5 is, independently, in each instance, H, halo, Ci_ 6 alk, Ci_ 4 haloalk, or
  • Ci_ 6 alk substituted by 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from halo, cyano, OH, OCi_ 4 alk, Ci_ 4 alk, Ci_ 3 haloalk, OCi_ 4 alk, NH 2 , NHCi_ 4 alk, N(Ci_ 4 alk)Ci_ 4 alk; or both R 5 groups together form a C 3 _ 6 spiroalk substituted by 0, 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from halo, cyano, OH, OCi_ 4 alk, Ci_ 4 alk, Ci_ 3 haloalk, OCi_ 4 alk, NH 2 , NHCi_ 4 alk, N(Ci_ 4 alk)Ci_ 4 alk;
  • R 6 is H, halo, NHR 9 or OH
  • R 9 is H, Ci_ 6 alk or Ci_ 4 haloalk
  • R 10 is H, halo, Ci_ 3 alk, Ci_ 3 haloalk or cyano;
  • R a is independently, at each instance, H or R b ;
  • R b is independently, at each instance, phenyl, benzyl or Ci_ 6 alk, the phenyl, benzyl and Ci_ 6 alk being substituted by 0, 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from halo, Ci_ 4 alk, Ci_ 3 haloalk, -OCi_ 4 alk, -NH 2 , -NHCi_ 4 alk, -N(Ci_ 4 alk)Ci_ 4 alk.
  • the structure is:
  • the structure is:
  • the structure is:
  • X 3 is C; X 4 is C; X 5 is C; and X 6 is C.
  • X 3 is N; X 4 is C; X 5 is C; and X 6 is C.
  • X 3 is C; X 4 is N; X 5 is C; and X 6 is C.
  • X 3 is C; X 4 is C; X 5 is N; and X 6 is C.
  • X 3 is C; X 4 is C; X 5 is C; and X 6 is N.
  • R 1 is a direct-bonded, Ci_ 4 alk-linked, OCi_ 2 alk- linked, Ci_ 2 alkO- linked or O-linked saturated, partially-saturated or unsaturated 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-membered monocyclic or 8-, 9-, 10- or 11-membered bicyclic ring containing 0,
  • R 1 is a direct-bonded phenyl or pyridyl, either of which is substituted by 1 , 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halo, Ci_ 6 alk,
  • R 1 is a direct-bonded phenyl or pyridyl.
  • R 1 is a direct-bonded phenyl or pyridyl, either of which is substituted by 1 , 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halo, Ci_ 6 alk,
  • R 1 is C 2 _ 4 alk substituted by -OR a .
  • R 1 is a direct-bonded, Ci_ 4 alk-linked, OCi_ 2 alk- linked, Ci_ 2 alkO- linked or O-linked cyclopropyl substituted by 0, 1 , 2 or 3 substituents
  • R 1 is cyclopropyl
  • R 1 is cyclopropylmethyl
  • X 1 is N.
  • X 2 is N.
  • X 2 is C(R 12 ).
  • Y is N(R 8 ).
  • R 1 is phenyl, pyridyl or pyrimidinyl, all of which are substituted by
  • R 1 is phenyl, pyridyl or pyrimidinyl, all of which are substituted by
  • R 1 is phenyl which is substituted by 1 , 2 or 3 substituents independently selected from halo, Ci_ 6 alk, and Ci_ 4 haloalk.
  • R 2 is H
  • R 3 is selected from H and halo.
  • R 3 is selected from halo, nitro, cyano, Ci_ 4 alk, OCi_ 4 alk,
  • R 5 is, independently, in each instance, H, halo, Ci_ 6 alk, and
  • Ci_ 4 haloalk Ci_ 4 haloalk
  • one R 5 is H and the other R 5 is Ci_ 6 alk.
  • one R 5 is H and the other R 5 is methyl.
  • one R 5 is H and the other R 5 is (R)-methyl.
  • one R 5 is H and the other R 5 is (S)-methyl.
  • R 6 is NHR 9 .
  • R 7 is cyano
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a method of treating PI3K- mediated conditions or disorders.
  • the PI3K-mediated condition or disorder is selected from rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
  • the PI3K- mediated condition or disorder is selected from cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, hypertension, deep venous thrombosis, stroke, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism, thrombolytic diseases, acute arterial ischemia, peripheral thrombotic occlusions, and coronary artery disease.
  • the PI3K- mediated condition or disorder is selected from cancer, colon cancer,
  • glioblastoma endometrial carcinoma, hepatocellular cancer, lung cancer, melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, cell lymphoma,
  • the PI3K- mediated condition or disorder is selected from type II diabetes.
  • the PI3K- mediated condition or disorder is selected from respiratory diseases, bronchitis, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
  • the subject is a human.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis, infiammatory diseases or autoimmune diseases comprising the step of
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases, inflammatory bowel disorders, inflammatory eye disorders, inflammatory or unstable bladder disorders, skin complaints with inflammatory components, chronic inflammatory conditions, autoimmune diseases, systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE), myestenia gravis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, idiopathic
  • thrombocytopenic purpura thrombocytopenic purpura
  • multiples sclerosis multiples sclerosis
  • Sjoegren's syndrome and autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  • allergic conditions and hypersensitivity comprising the step of administering a compound according to any of the above or below embodiments.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to the treatment of cancers that are mediated, dependent on or associated with pi 105 activity, comprising the step of administering a compound according to any of the above or below embodiments.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to the treatment of cancers are selected from acute myeloid leukaemia, myelo-dysplastic syndrome, myeloproliferative diseases, chronic myeloid leukaemia, T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, non-hodgkins lymphoma, B- cell lymphoma, solid tumors and breast cancer, comprising the step of
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to any of the above embodiments and a pharmaceutically-acceptable diluent or carrier.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of a compound according to any of the above embodiments as a medicament.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of a compound according to any of the above embodiments in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune diseases.
  • the compounds of this invention may have in general several asymmetric centers and are typically depicted in the form of racemic mixtures. This invention is intended to encompass racemic mixtures, partially racemic mixtures and separate enantiomers and diasteromers.
  • Ci_ 6 alk means an alk group comprising a minimum of a and a maximum of ⁇ carbon atoms in a branched, cyclical or linear relationship or any combination of the three, wherein a and ⁇ represent integers.
  • the alk groups described in this section may also contain one or two double or triple bonds. Examples of Ci_ 6 alk include, but are not limited to the following:
  • Halo or "halogen” means a halogen atoms selected from F, CI, Br and I.
  • Cv-whaloalk means an alk group, as described above, wherein any number—at least one— of the hydrogen atoms attached to the alk chain are replaced by F, CI, Br or I.
  • Heterocycle means a ring comprising at least one carbon atom and at least one other atom selected from N, O and S. Examples of heterocycles that may be found in the claims include, but are not limited to, the following:
  • “Available nitrogen atoms” are those nitrogen atoms that are part of a heterocycle and are joined by two single bonds (e.g. piperidine), leaving an external bond available for substitution by, for example, H or CH 3 .
  • “Pharmaceutically-acceptable salt” means a salt prepared by conventional means, and are well known by those skilled in the art.
  • the “pharmacologically acceptable salts” include basic salts of inorganic and organic acids, including but not limited to hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, malic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, salicylic acid, benzoic acid, phenylacetic acid, mandelic acid and the like.
  • suitable pharmaceutically acceptable cation pairs for the carboxy group are well known to those skilled in the art and include alkaline, alkaline earth, ammonium, quaternary ammonium cations and the like.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts see infra and Berge et al., J. Pharm. Sci. 66: 1 (1977).
  • “Saturated, partially saturated or unsaturated” includes substituents saturated with hydrogens, substituents completely unsaturated with hydrogens and substituents partially saturated with hydrogens.
  • leaving group generally refers to groups readily displaceable by a nucleophile, such as an amine, a thiol or an alcohol nucleophile. Such leaving groups are well known in the art. Examples of such leaving groups include, but are not limited to, N-hydroxysuccinimide, N-hydroxybenzotriazole, halides, triflates, tosylates and the like. Preferred leaving groups are indicated herein where appropriate.
  • Protecting group generally refers to groups well known in the art which are used to prevent selected reactive groups, such as carboxy, amino, hydroxy, mercapto and the like, from undergoing undesired reactions, such as nucleophilic, electrophilic, oxidation, reduction and the like. Preferred protecting groups are indicated herein where appropriate. Examples of amino protecting groups include, but are not limited to, aralk, substituted aralk, cycloalkenylalk and substituted cycloalkenyl alk, allyl, substituted allyl, acyl, alkoxycarbonyl, aralkoxycarbonyl, silyl and the like.
  • aralk examples include, but are not limited to, benzyl, ortho-methylbenzyl, trityl and benzhydryl, which can be optionally substituted with halogen, alk, alkoxy, hydroxy, nitro, acylamino, acyl and the like, and salts, such as phosphonium and ammonium salts.
  • aryl groups include phenyl, naphthyl, indanyl, anthracenyl, 9-(9-phenylfluorenyl), phenanthrenyl, durenyl and the like.
  • cycloalkenylalk or substituted cycloalkenylalk radicals preferably have 6-10 carbon atoms, include, but are not limited to, cyclohexenyl methyl and the like.
  • Suitable acyl, alkoxycarbonyl and aralkoxycarbonyl groups include
  • a mixture of protecting groups can be used to protect the same amino group, such as a primary amino group can be protected by both an aralk group and an
  • Amino protecting groups can also form a heterocyclic ring with the nitrogen to which they are attached, for example,
  • heterocyclic groups can further include adjoining aryl and cycloalk rings.
  • heterocyclic groups can be mono-, di- or tri-substituted, such as nitrophthalimidyl.
  • Amino groups may also be protected against undesired reactions, such as oxidation, through the formation of an addition salt, such as hydrochloride, toluenesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid and the like.
  • an addition salt such as hydrochloride, toluenesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid and the like.
  • amino protecting groups are also suitable for protecting carboxy, hydroxy and mercapto groups.
  • Alk groups are also suitable groups for protecting hydroxy and mercapto groups, such as tert-butyl.
  • Silyl protecting groups are silicon atoms optionally substituted by one or more alk, aryl and aralk groups. Suitable silyl protecting groups include, but are not limited to, trimethylsilyl, triethylsilyl, triisopropylsilyl, tert-butyldimethylsilyl, dimethylphenylsilyl, 1 ,2-bis(dimethylsilyl)benzene, 1 ,2-bis(dimethylsilyl)ethane and diphenylmethylsilyl.
  • Silylation of an amino groups provide mono- or di- silylamino groups. Silylation of aminoalcohol compounds can lead to a ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ - trisilyl derivative.
  • silyl function from a silyl ether function is readily accomplished by treatment with, for example, a metal hydroxide or ammonium fluoride reagent, either as a discrete reaction step or in situ during a reaction with the alcohol group.
  • Suitable silylating agents are, for example, trimethylsilyl chloride, tert-butyl-dimethylsilyl chloride, phenyldimethylsilyl chloride, diphenylmethyl silyl chloride or their combination products with imidazole or DMF.
  • Methods for silylation of amines and removal of silyl protecting groups are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • Methods of preparation of these amine derivatives from corresponding amino acids, amino acid amides or amino acid esters are also well known to those skilled in the art of organic chemistry including amino acid/amino acid ester or aminoalcohol chemistry.
  • Protecting groups are removed under conditions which will not affect the remaining portion of the molecule. These methods are well known in the art and include acid hydrolysis, hydrogenolysis and the like.
  • a preferred method involves removal of a protecting group, such as removal of a benzyloxycarbonyl group by hydrogenolysis utilizing palladium on carbon in a suitable solvent system such as an alcohol, acetic acid, and the like or mixtures thereof.
  • a t- butoxycarbonyl protecting group can be removed utilizing an inorganic or organic acid, such as HC1 or trifluoroacetic acid, in a suitable solvent system, such as dioxane or methylene chloride.
  • the resulting amino salt can readily be neutralized to yield the free amine.
  • Carboxy protecting group such as methyl, ethyl, benzyl, tert-butyl, 4-methoxyphenylmethyl and the like, can be removed under hydrolysis and hydrogenolysis conditions well known to those skilled in the art.
  • Prodrugs of the compounds of this invention are also contemplated by this invention.
  • a prodrug is an active or inactive compound that is modified chemically through in vivo physiological action, such as hydrolysis, metabolism and the like, into a compound of this invention following administration of the prodrug to a patient.
  • the suitability and techniques involved in making and using prodrugs are well known by those skilled in the art.
  • For a general discussion of prodrugs involving esters see Svensson and Tunek Drug Metabolism Reviews 165 (1988) and Bundgaard Design of Prodrugs, Elsevier (1985).
  • Examples of a masked carboxylate anion include a variety of esters, such as alk (for example, methyl, ethyl), cycloalk (for example, cyclohexyl), aralk (for example, benzyl, p- methoxybenzyl), and alkcarbonyloxyalk (for example, pivaloyloxymethyl).
  • esters such as alk (for example, methyl, ethyl), cycloalk (for example, cyclohexyl), aralk (for example, benzyl, p- methoxybenzyl), and alkcarbonyloxyalk (for example, pivaloyloxymethyl).
  • Amines have been masked as arylcarbonyloxymethyl substituted derivatives which are cleaved by esterases in vivo releasing the free drug and formaldehyde (Bungaard J. Med. Chem. 2503 (1989)). Also, drugs containing an acidic NH group, such as imidazole, imide, indole and the like, have been masked with N- acyloxymethyl groups (Bundgaard Design of Prodrugs, Elsevier (1985)). Hydroxy groups have been masked as esters and ethers.
  • EP 039,051 (Sloan and Little, 4/11/81) discloses Mannich-base hydroxamic acid prodrugs, their preparation and use.
  • the present invention also includes isotopically-labelled compounds, which are identical to those recited herein, but for the fact that one or more atoms are replaced by an atom having an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number usually found in nature.
  • isotopes that can be incorporated into compounds of the invention include isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, fluorine and chlorine, such as 2 H, 3 H, 13 C, 14 C, 15 N, 16 0, 17 0, 31 P, 32 P, 35 S, 18 F, and 36 C1.
  • Tritiated, i.e., 3 H, and carbon-14, i.e., 14 C, isotopes are particularly preferred for their ease of preparation and detection. Further, substitution with heavier isotopes such as deuterium, i.e., 2 H, can afford certain therapeutic advantages resulting from greater metabolic stability, for example increased in vivo half-life or reduced dosage requirements and, hence, may be preferred in some circumstances.
  • Isotopically labeled compounds of this invention can generally be prepared by substituting a readily available isotopically labeled reagent for a non-isotopically labeled reagent.
  • Reverse phase analytical HPLC was carried out using a Agilent 1200 series on Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 5 ⁇ column (4.6 x 150 mm) as the stationary phase and eluting with acetonitrile: water with 0.1% TFA.
  • Reverse phase semi-prep HPLC was carried out using a Agilent 1 100 Series on a Phenomenex GeminiTM 10 ⁇ CI 8 column (250 x 21.20 mm) as the stationary phase and eluting with acetonitrile: water with 0.1%) TFA.
  • N- ⁇ (benzyloxy) carbonyl ⁇ L-alanine (20 g, 89.64 mmol) in THF (400 mL) at -20 °C was added NMM (13.5 g, 133.2 mmol), followed by isobutyl chloroformate (14.6 g, 107 mmol). After stirring for 1.5 h at -20 °C, this mixture was filtered off under cooling and the filtrate was treated with excess freshly prepared diazomethane/Et 2 0 solution (prepared from 30.0 g of N- methyl nitroso urea, 200 mL 40 % KOH/100 mL Et 2 0) with stirring until a yellow color persisted.
  • 4,6-Dichloro-5-pyrimidinecarbaldehyde oxime (8 g) was dissolved in CHC1 3 (40 mL) and treated with SOCl 2 (6 mL) for 2 h at rt. The solvent was removed and the residue triturated with DCM (5 mL) to give a white solid, which was filtered and washed with DCM (5 mL). The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and purified by column chromatography on silica gel (dry loading, DCM/hexane, 3/1) to give a white solid. The two solids were combined to provide 4,6-dichloro-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile.
  • the white solid, 4,6-dichloro-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile (5.82 g, 33.5 mmol) was dissolved in THF (66.9 mL) in a 500 mL of round-bottom flask and ammonia gas (0.570 g, 33.5 mmol) was bubbled through for 3 min every 10 min for 50 min with stirring. A white precipitate (ammonium chloride) was formed. The precipitate was filtered and washed with THF (100 mL). To the filtrate was added silica gel and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • the mixture was purified by column chromatography on a 120 g of Redi-Sep column using 0 to 100% gradient of EtOAc in hexane over 27 min and then 100% isocratic of EtOAc in hexane for 20 min as eluent to give 4-amino-6-chloropyrimidine-5- carbonitrile as an off-white solid.
  • Step CI Synthesis of C-2.
  • a mixture of (S)-benzyl 4-bromo-3-oxobutane-2- ylcarbmate (23.32 mmol) and C-1 (23.32 mmol) in EtOH was heated to reflux overnight. After the completion of the reaction, the mixture was cooled to rt. EtOH was removed under reduced pressure and the residue was dissolved in EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with satd. aq. NaHC0 3 solution, dried over Na 2 S0 4 , filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (100-200 mesh) using 0 to 8 % gradiendt of MeOH in DCM as eluent to give C-2.
  • Step C2 Synthesis of C-3. To a solution of C-2 (12.11 mmol) in acetonitrile was added N-iodosuccinimide (12.11 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at rt. After completion of the reaction by TLC, the mixture was diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with satd. aq. NaHC0 3 solution, dried over Na 2 S0 4 , filtered and concentrated. The crude residue obtained was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (100-200 mesh) using 0 to 50 % gradient of EtOAc in hexane as eluent to give C-3 as solid. Step C3a. Stille Coupling.
  • Step C3b Suzuki reaction. Synthesis of C-4. A mixture of boronic acid (0.854 mmol), C-3 (0.569 mmol), Pd(Ph 3 P) 4 (0.028 mmol), and Na 2 C0 3 (1.138 mmol) in acetonitrile-water (3: 1) was heated at 100 °C for 2 h. The reaction mixture was partitioned between water and EtOAc. The organic layer was separated, dried with Na 2 S0 4 , filtered, and concentrated. The residue was dissolved in DCM and loaded onto a silica gel cartridge. The compound was purified by column chromatography on a 12 g of Redi-SepTM column using 0 to 70% gradient of EtOAc in hexane as eluent. The desired fractions were combined and concentrated to yield a sticky amber colored residue, C-4.
  • Step Dl Synthesis of D-2.
  • a mixture of D-l (16.02 mmol) and substituted aniline (16.02 mmol) was stirred at 130 °C. After 92 h, the mixture was cooled to rt and a black solid was formed. The mixture containing the black solid was dissolved in DCM (50 mL) and washed with satd. aq. NaHC0 3 solution (30 mL x 1). The organic layer was dried over MgS0 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step D3. Synthesis of D-4. To a - 10 °C solution (NaCl-ice bath) of Boc-L- Ala-OH (0.965 g, 5.10 mmol) and N-methylmorpholine (0.589 mL, 5.35 mmol) in DCM (12.75 mL) was added isobutyl chloroformate (0.667 mL, 5.10 mmol). The resulting cloudy colorless mixture was stirred at -10 °C. After 1 h, a solution of D-3 (2.55 mmol) in DCM (12.75 mL) was added to the mixture. The resulting mixture was stirred at -10 °C for 40 min, then allowed to warm to rt. After 24 h, satd.
  • Step D4 Synthesis of D-5a or D-5b.
  • a solution of D-4 (2.485 mmol) in AcOH (8.28 mL) was heated at 100 °C with stirring. After 92 h, the mixture was cooled to rt and poured into DCM (50 mL) and satd. aq. NaHC0 3 solution (50 mL). The aqueous layer was separated. The organic layer was washed with satd. aq. NaHC0 3 solution (50 mL x 1), washed with water (50 mL x 1) and brine (50 mL xl), dried over MgS0 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give D-5a or D-5b.
  • Step DSa Synthesis of D-6.
  • a solution of D-5a (2.117 mmol) and 2 N HC1 (16.94 mL, 33.9 mmol) was heated at 100 °C. After 22 h, the mixture was cooled to rt. The acidic aqueous mixture was washed with DCM (30 mL x 2) to remove organic impurities and then basified to ⁇ pH 10 with 10 N NaOH (3.5 mL), extracted with DCM (50 mL x 3).
  • Step D5b Synthesis of D-6.
  • DCM DCM
  • TFA 138 mmol
  • the reaction mixture became clear and the solution was stirred at rt. for 1.5 h.
  • the mixture was then concentrated under reduced pressure to give a yellow syrup.
  • the syrup was dissolved in DCM (50 mL), washed with satd. aq. NaHC0 3 solution (50 mL x 1), water (50 mL x 1), brine (50 mL x 1), dried over MgS0 4 , filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to give D-6.
  • the crude product D-6 was carried on crude without purification for the next step.
  • Step D6 Synthesis of D-7.
  • a mixture of 4-amino-6-chloropyrimidine-5- carbonitrile (B) (0.257 g, 1.662 mmol), D-6 (1.662 mmol), and DIEA (0.868 mL, 4.99 mmol) in n-butanol (16.62 mL) was stirred at 120 °C. After 24 h, the heat was removed and left at rt. After cooling, the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure to give a brown solid, which was suspended in water (50 mL), sonicated, filtered, and washed with water (100 mL) to give a tan solid. The tan solid was suspended in EtOAc-hexane (1 :4, 20 mL), filtered, washed with EtOAc- hexane (1 :4, 20 mL), and dried to give D-7 as a racemic mixture.
  • Example 1 Preparation of 4-amino-6-((l-(6-fluoro-l-(3-(methylsulfonyl)- phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, 4- amino-6-(((lR)-l-(6-fluoro-l-(3-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2- yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, and 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(6-fluoro-l- (3-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5- pyrimidinecarbonitrile 5-Fluoro-N-(3-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-2-nitroaniline
  • Example 3 Preparation of 4-amino-6-((l-(5-fluoro-l-(3-(methylsulfanyl)- phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, 4- amino-6-(((lR)-l-(5-fluoro-l-(3-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2- yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, and 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(5-fluoro-l- (3-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidine- carbonitrile
  • Example 4 Preparation of 4-amino-6-((-l-(5-fluoro-l-(3-(methylsulfonyl)- phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, 4- amino-6-(((lR)-l-(5-fluoro-l-(3-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2- yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, and 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(5-fluoro-l- (3-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5- pyrimidinecarbonitrile
  • Example 7 Preparation of 4-amino-6-((-l-(l-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro- lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, 4-amino-6-((-l-(l-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro- lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, 4-amino-6-((-l-(l-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro- lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, 4-amino-6-((-l-(l-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-6-fluoro- lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)a
  • Example 11 Preparation of 4-amino-6-((-l-(6-fluoro-l-(4-fluorophenyl)-lH- benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, 4-amino-6-(((lR)- l-(6-fluoro-l-(4-fluorophenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyr- imidinecarbonitrile, and 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(6-fluoro-l-(4-fluorophenyl)-lH- benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile
  • the brown solid was purified by column chromatography on a 120 g of Redi-Sep column using 0 to 100% gradient of DCM:MeOH:NH 4 OH (89:9: 1) in DCM over 27 min and then 100% isocratic of DCM:MeOH:NH 4 OH (89:9: 1) for 5 min as eluent to give l-(6-fluoro-l-(4-fluorophenyl)-lH-benzo[d]imidazol-
  • Example 13 Preparation of 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)- 6-fluoroimidazo[l,2-a]pyridi -2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile
  • Example 15 Preparation of 4-amino-6-((-l-(6-fluoro-l-(3-(2-pyridinyl)- phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, 4- amino-6-(((lR)-l-(6-fluoro-l-(3-(2-pyridinyl)phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)- ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, and 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(6-fluoro-l- (3-(2-pyridinyl)phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5- pyrimidinecarbonitrile
  • Second peak on SFC AD-H column and First peak on ChiralpakTM AD-H column 4-amino-6-((( 1 S)- 1 -(6-fluoro- 1 -(3 -(2-pyridinyl)phenyl)- 1 H- benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile as an off-white solid:
  • Boc-L-Ala-OH (3.00 g, 15.86 mmol) and 3,4-diamino-l-fluorobenzene (2.00 g, 15.86 mmol) were mixed in pyridine (52.9 mL).
  • EDC ' HCl (9.12 g, 47.6 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 20 min.
  • the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, washed with water, 1.0 N HC1 and brine.
  • the organic layer was dried with Na 2 S0 4 , filtered, and concentrated.
  • the crude residue was purified by column chromatography on a 120 g of Redi- SepTM column using 0 to 100% gradient of EtOAc in hexane as eluent.
  • the desired fractions were combined and concentrated under reduced pressure to give the crude amide intermediate.
  • the amide was dissolved in AcOH (26.9 mL) and heated in an oil bath at 70 °C for about 30 min.
  • the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and carefully neutralized with aq. K 2 C0 3 .
  • the organic layer was washed with NaCl, dried with Na 2 S0 4 , and filtered. The filtrate was
  • the first fraction was assigned as (S)-tert-butyl 1 -(6-fluoro-l -phenyl- 1H- benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)ethylcarbamate based on the NOESY spectra for both fractions.
  • the fraction was concentrated under reduced pressure to give 12 mg of a white solid: 1H NMR (500 MHz, MeOH-d 4 ) ⁇ ppm 7.66 (m, 3 H) 7.58 - 7.64 (m, 1 H) 7.52 (br.
  • Example 17 Preparation of 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(5-fluoro-l-phenyl-lH- benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile.
  • Example 18 Preparation of 4-amino-6-((l-(l-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-4-fluoro- lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, 4-amino-6- (((lR)-l-(l-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-4-fluoro-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)- 5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, and 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(l-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-4- fluoro-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile
  • Example 19 Preparation of 4-amino-6-((l-(6-fluoro-l-(2-(methylsulfonyl)- phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, 4- amino-6-(((lR)-l-(6-fluoro-l-(2-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2- yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, and 4-amino-6-(((lR)-l-(6-fluoro- l-(2-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5- pyrimidinecarbonitrile
  • Example 22 Preparation of 4-amino-6-((l-(6-fluoro-l-(3-fluorophenyl)-lH- benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, 4-amino-6-(((lR)- l-(6-fluoro-l-(3-fluorophenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5- pyrimidinecarbonitrile, and 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(6-fluoro-l-(3-fluorophenyl)- lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile
  • Example 23 Preparation of N-((lR)-l-(6-fluoro-l-(3-fluorophenyl)-lH- benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)-9H-purin-6-amine and N-((lS)-l-(6-fluoro-l-(3- fluorophenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)-9H-purin-6-amine
  • Example 24 Preparation of 4-amino-6-(((lR)-l-(6-chloro-l-(3,5-difluoro- phenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile and 4- amino-6-(((lS)-l-(6-chloro-l-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)- ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile
  • Example 25 Preparation of 4-amino-6-((l-(l-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-7-fluoro- lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, 4-amino-6- (((lR)-l-(l-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-7-fluoro-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)- 5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, and 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(l-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-7- fluoro-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile
  • Example 26 Preparation of 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(l-(cyclopropylmethyl)-6- fluoro-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile and 4- amino-6-(((lS)-l-(l-(cyclopropylmethyl)-5-fluoro-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)- ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile (S)-tert-Butyl l-(l-(cyclopropylmethyl)-6-fluoro-lH-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)- ethylcarbamate and (S)-tert-butyl l-(l-(cyclopropylmethyl)-5-fluoro-lH- benzo [d] imidazol-2-yl)ethylcarbamate
  • Example 28 Preparation of N-((lR)-l-(6-chloro-l-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-lH- benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)-9H-purin-6-amine and N-((lS)-l-(6-chloro-l-(3,5- difluorophenyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)-9H-purin-6-amine
  • Example 30 Preparation of 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(l-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-lH- benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile and 4-amino-6- (((lS)-l-(l-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5- pyrimidinecarbonitrile (S)-tert-Butyl l-(l-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-lH-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)- ethylcarbamate and (S)-tert-butyl l-(l-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-lH- benzo [d] imidazol-2-yl)ethylcarbamate
  • Example 31 Preparation of 4-amino-6-((l-(6-fluoro-l-(2-pyridinyl)-lH- benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile and 4-amino-6-((l- (5-fluoro-l-(2-pyridinyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidine- carbonitrile, 4-amino-6-(((lR)-l-(6-fluoro-l-(2-pyridinyl)-lH-benzimidazol- 2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, 4-amino-6-(((lR)-l-(5-fluoro-l- (2-pyridinyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile, 4-
  • the racemic mixture (94 mg) was separated using Preparative SFC on AD-H column to give three fractions: la, 2a, and 3a and then the fraction la which contained two isomers was further separated on OJ column to give two fractions lc and 2c.
  • Example 33 Preparation of 4-amino-6-((l-(6-fluoro-l-(5-fluoro-3-pyridinyl)- lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile 5-Fluoro-N-(4-fluoro-2-nitrophenyl)pyridin-3-amine
  • the brown solid was purified by column chromatography on a silica gel column using 5 to 30% gradient of EtOAc in hexane as eluent to give 5- fluoro-N-(4-fluoro-2-nitrophenyl)pyridin-3-amine as an orange solid: LC-MS (ESI) m/z 252.2 [M+H] + .
  • Example 38 Preparation of 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(4-fluoro-l-methyl-lH- benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile and 4-amino-6- (((lS)-l-(7-fluoro-l-methyl-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidine- carbonitrile
  • Example 39 Preparation of 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(4-fluoro-l-(2-methoxyethyl)- lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile and 4-amino-6- (((lS)-l-(7-fluoro-l-(2-methoxyethyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5- pyrimidinecarbonitrile
  • Example 44 4-Amino-6-(((lS)-l-(l-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-lH-benzimidazol-2- yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile and 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(l-cyclo- propyl-5-fluoro-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile
  • Second eluting peak 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(l-cyclopropyl-5-fluoro-lH-benz- imidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile as an off-white solid.
  • Example 45 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(6-fluoro-l-(5-fluoro-3-pyridinyl)-lH-benz- imidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile and 4-amino-6-(((lR)-l- (6-fluoro-l-(5-fluoro-3-pyridinyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5- pyrimidinecarbonitrile
  • Example 33 For synthesis see Example 33.
  • the racemic mixture (100 mg) was separated on AD-H column using preparative SFC to give two fractions: First peak on OD- H column: Afforded a white solid that was triturated in water and filtered to give 4-amino-6-((( 1 S)- 1 -(6-fluoro- 1 -(5-fluoro-3-pyridinyl)- 1 H-benzimidazol-2- yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile as a white solid.
  • Example 46 N-((lR)-l-(6-Fluoro-l-(5-fluoro-3-pyridinyl)-lH-benzimidazol- 2-yl)ethyl)-9H-purin-6-amine and N-((lS)-l-(6-fluoro-l-(5-fluoro-3-pyridin- yl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)-9H-purin-6-amine
  • Example 34 For synthesis see Example 34.
  • the racemic mixture (78 mg) was separated on AD-H column using preparative SFC to give two fractions: First peak on OD-H column: N-(( 1 R)- 1 -(6-fluoro- 1 -(5-fluoro-3-pyridinyl)- 1 H-benzimidazol-2- yl)ethyl)-9H-purin-6-amine as an off-white solid.
  • the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, washed with water, brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, and concentrated in vacuo.
  • the residue was subjected to flash chromatography on a silica gel column using 0 to 100% gradient of EtOAC: DCM (1 : 1) in DCM as eluent to give a crude product mixture.
  • To the crude mixture in THF (10 mL) was added cyclopropylamine (0.141 mL, 2.03 mmol) and the resulting mixture was heated under N 2 at 60 °C for 18 h.
  • the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc, washed with water, brine and dried over magnesium sulfate.
  • Example 50 Preparation of 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(l-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-4,6- difluoro-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile and 4- amino-6-(((lR)-l-(l-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-4,6-difluoro-lH-benzimidazol-2- yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile N-(3,5-Difluorophenyl)-3,5-difluoro-2-nitroaniline
  • Boc-L-Ala-OH (1 g, 5.46 mmol) and isobutyl chloroformate (0.745 g, 5.46 mmol) were suspended in DCM (5 mL) and N-methyl morpholine (0.58 g, 5.73 mmol) was added at -10 °C with stirring. After 30 min, to the mixture was added Nl- (3,5-difluoro-phenyl)-3,5-difluoro-benzene-l,2-diamine (0.7 g, 2.73 mmol) in DCM (2 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at -10 °C for 30 min and at rt overnight. After completion of the reaction, water was added and the organic layer was extracted with DCM, dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated in vacuo to provide the crude product. The crude product was purified by column
  • Example 52 Preparation of 4-amino-6-(((lR)-l-(3-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3H- imidazo [4,5-b] pyridin-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile and 4- amino-6-(((lS)-l-(3-(3,5-difluorophenyl)-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2- yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile
  • Boc-L-Ala-OH (2.05 g, 10.8 mmol) and isobutyl chloroformate (1.4 g, 10.8 mmol) were dissolved in DCM (20 mL) and N-methyl morpholine (1.14 g, 11.3 mmol) was added to at -10 °C and stirred for 30 min.
  • Nl-(3,5-difluoro-phenyl)-pyridine-2,3-diamine 1.2 g, 5.42 mmol
  • Example 54 Preparation of 4-amino-6-(((lS)-l-(l-cyclopentyl-4-(methyl- sulfonyl)-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)amino)-5-pyrimidinecarbonitrile

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MA34212B1 (fr) 2013-05-02
CR20120562A (es) 2013-03-01
ZA201207341B (en) 2014-06-25
TN2012000449A1 (en) 2014-01-30
IL222288A0 (en) 2012-12-31
AU2011235031A1 (en) 2012-10-25
WO2011123751A3 (en) 2014-08-07
AU2011235031B2 (en) 2014-10-23
PE20130339A1 (es) 2013-04-13
JP2013540099A (ja) 2013-10-31
CO6630161A2 (es) 2013-03-01
SG184354A1 (en) 2012-11-29
KR20130103309A (ko) 2013-09-23
US8575183B2 (en) 2013-11-05
UY33304A (es) 2011-10-31
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PH12012501922A1 (en) 2013-02-04
CN103221403A (zh) 2013-07-24
US20110245257A1 (en) 2011-10-06
TW201202219A (en) 2012-01-16
AR081448A1 (es) 2012-09-05
MY184620A (en) 2021-04-09
CA2793897A1 (en) 2011-10-06

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