EP2552606B1 - Appareil de criblage permettant de sélectionner des matériaux de tailles différentes - Google Patents

Appareil de criblage permettant de sélectionner des matériaux de tailles différentes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2552606B1
EP2552606B1 EP11720858.7A EP11720858A EP2552606B1 EP 2552606 B1 EP2552606 B1 EP 2552606B1 EP 11720858 A EP11720858 A EP 11720858A EP 2552606 B1 EP2552606 B1 EP 2552606B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sifting
rollers
materials
series
separation chamber
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EP11720858.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2552606A2 (fr
Inventor
Antonella Scaglioni
Marco Terzi
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Pal SRL
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Pal SRL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/12—Apparatus having only parallel elements
    • B07B1/14—Roller screens
    • B07B1/15—Roller screens using corrugated, grooved or ribbed rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/12—Apparatus having only parallel elements

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a sifting apparatus to select materials having different sizes, for example wood slivers or chip, pieces of paper or of plastic material, or fibrous elements, and is applied in various industrial fields for the recovery of recycled material, such as for example in the field of wood, rubber, plastics and solid urban waste.
  • the apparatus according to the present invention allows to effect a grading or sifting of materials having different sizes, in order to separate the smaller size pieces from the larger size ones.
  • Some examples are sifters having discs or rolls, used for example in the field of wood, like the one described in the Italian patent IT-B-1.330.681 , in the name of the present Applicant, where the selection is made by a train of elements rotating in a concordant direction, coupled with each other so as to define predefined discharge gaps with a variable size, in the direction of feed of the stream of material.
  • These are efficient machines, more versatile than the classical oscillating or vibrating sifters, but the level of differentiation of the stream of material to be processed is in any case limited.
  • drum-type sifters used in plants for recovering waste, which comprise a rotary drum, horizontal or inclined, and fed by the stream of falling material, and a peripheral net, attached to the drum, with differentiated meshes along the longitudinal development of the machine, which allow to separate the different fractions.
  • the Australian patent application AU-A-2004/202132 which is considered the closest prior art, describes a sifting apparatus that comprises a hollow vertical hopper, having an upper aperture for the introduction of the material to be sifted and a lower aperture through which the selected material exits.
  • a sifting apparatus that comprises a hollow vertical hopper, having an upper aperture for the introduction of the material to be sifted and a lower aperture through which the selected material exits.
  • a plurality of sifters are disposed, each of which is centrally connected to an oscillating roll, so that the sifters oscillate too, with respect to the axis of the corresponding roll.
  • the US patent US-A-4,471,876 describes an apparatus for cleaning potatoes or other vegetables, which comprises a plurality of counter-rotating rolls, disposed longitudinal, parallel and distanced from each other, and having their axes of rotation lying on a single plane, inclined downward.
  • One roll of each pair of rolls is provided with a helical surface rib that thrusts the potatoes downward.
  • the potatoes advance in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the rolls and the discarded material descends into the spaces between the rolls.
  • the US patent US-A-4,430,210 describes a sifting apparatus that comprises a plurality of counter-rotating rolls, also disposed longitudinal, parallel and distanced from each other.
  • the rolls have their axis of rotation lying on a single horizontal plane and are all provided with a helical fin that functions as a sifting element and feeds the material to be selected in a direction parallel to that of the rolls.
  • the European patent application EP-A-2062658 describes a sifting device that comprises a plurality of vibrating elements, parallel to each other and disposed longitudinal, which are connected to a mechanism with oscillating shafts that makes them vibrate so as to perform the selection of the material to be sifted.
  • One purpose of the present invention is to achieve an apparatus for the dimensional selection of materials or elements having different sizes, which does not cause problems of clogging and blockages.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to achieve an apparatus having an efficiency in differentiation that is higher than that of known apparatuses, while still maintaining maximum versatility in the processing of material with different levels of differentiation.
  • the Applicant has devised, tested and embodied the present invention to overcome the shortcomings of the state of the art and to obtain these and other purposes and advantages.
  • a sifting apparatus to select materials having different sizes comprises a separation chamber, open downward, into which the materials to be sifted are able to be inserted by means of introduction means disposed in correspondence with a first side of the separation chamber, and from which the materials not selected are able to exit through an exit aperture disposed in correspondence with a second side of the separation chamber, opposite the first side.
  • the apparatus also comprises a plurality of sifting rolls, mounted rotatable on parallel axes of rotation and lying substantially on the same plane as the separation chamber so as to define a substantially horizontal sifting bed, or at most inclined by some degrees upward, between the first side and the exit aperture, and a rotary motor member.
  • the apparatus also comprises a transmission device suitable to transform the rotation of the rotary motor member into an alternating rotational motion of the sifting rolls, in a clockwise and anti-clockwise direction, with an amplitude of less than 360°, so that each sifting roll rotates in the opposite direction to that of the adjacent sifting roll, so as to allow the materials (M) to be fed on the sifting bed in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axes of the sifting rolls, from the first side of the separation chamber to the exit aperture, so that the selected material falls downward between the sifting rolls and the material not selected exits laterally from the separation chamber through the exit aperture.
  • a transmission device suitable to transform the rotation of the rotary motor member into an alternating rotational motion of the sifting rolls, in a clockwise and anti-clockwise direction, with an amplitude of less than 360°, so that each sifting roll rotates in the opposite direction to that of the adjacent sifting roll, so as to allow the materials
  • the smaller pieces that pass through the sifting rolls fall vertically toward a zone below the separation chamber, whereas the larger pieces that do not pass through the sifting rolls are made to advance by the latter in a substantially horizontal direction, or at most inclined by a few degrees upward, toward the lateral exit aperture, from which they exit.
  • the amplitude of rotation of the sifting rolls is comprised between 30° and 90°, for example 65°.
  • the sifting rolls which are subjected to a rotational and alternate movement, advantageously allow to process fibrous materials as well, and having large surface sizes, without these materials rolling around the rolls, thus increasing the efficiency of the apparatus according to the present invention.
  • the sifting rolls are divided into two series, which are disposed offset with respect to each other by one position.
  • the transmission device comprises a first transmission mechanism able to move a first series of sifting rolls and a second transmission mechanism able to move a second series of sifting rolls.
  • the transmission mechanisms each comprise a crank, a rod, a bar and connection arms to the sifting rolls.
  • each crank is keyed onto the rotary motor member and is connected to the corresponding rod which in turn is connected to the connection bar.
  • Each arm is hinged on the corresponding bar and keyed to a sifting roll.
  • crank of the first transmission mechanism is keyed on the rotary motor member, offset by 180° with respect to the crank of the second transmission mechanism.
  • This form of embodiment allows to make the first series of sifting rolls rotate in a direction of rotation opposite that of the second series.
  • the first series of sifting rolls comprises first sifting elements having a determinate shape whereas the second series of sifting rolls comprises second sifting elements having a different shape from that of the first.
  • the first sifting elements are shaped so as to have two active surfaces converging toward the center, which are able to promote the transfer of the materials from one sifting roll to the adjacent one.
  • Each of the second sifting elements instead comprises two upper cusps also able to promote the transfer of the materials from one sifting roll to the adjacent one, and a lower cusp able to promote the passage of the materials downward, through the discharge gaps.
  • a sifting apparatus 10 to select materials having different sizes, comprises a metal bearing structure 11 shaped substantially like a parallelepiped and having two lateral walls 15 and 16 that define a separation chamber 12, open downward.
  • the materials to be graded are able to be introduced into the separation chamber 12 from above, through a hopper-type mouth 18 ( fig. 3 ).
  • a first series of sifting rolls 13 is disposed ( fig. 1 ), and a second series of sifting rolls 14, which is offset by one position with respect to the first series of sifting rolls 13.
  • a second series of sifting rolls 14 which is offset by one position with respect to the first series of sifting rolls 13.
  • Both the sifting rolls 13 and the sifting rolls 14 are mounted rotatable on the lateral walls 15 and 16 of the structure 11 and have their axes of rotation parallel and lying substantially on the same plane, so as to form a single sifting bed.
  • This plane can be either horizontal or inclined by a few degrees, advantageously upward, so as to increase the sifting efficiency of the materials.
  • Each sifting roll 13 comprises a shaft 20 on which a plurality of first sifting elements 17 ( fig. 4 ) are mounted, adjacent and distanced from each other by means of interposed spacer rings of a known type.
  • Each sifting roll 14 comprises a shaft 25 on which a plurality of second sifting elements 19 are mounted, also adjacent and distanced from each other by means of interposed spacer rings of a known type.
  • the sifting elements 17 and 19 are disposed in a comb-like manner with respect to each other ( fig. 2 ), so as to define discharge gaps through which the materials to be sifted can pass.
  • each shaft 20 protrudes from the lateral wall 15, whereas one end of each shaft 25 protrudes from the lateral wall 16.
  • the sifting apparatus 10 also comprises an electric motor 30 which, by means of a reducer 34, is able to transmit motion to a rotary shaft 38 which in turn, by means of a transmission device 31, transmits motion to the sifting rolls 13 and 14.
  • the transmission device 31 is able to transform the continuous rotation of the shaft 38, in a determinate direction of rotation, into an alternate rotational motion of the sifting rolls 13 and 14, in a clockwise direction and an anti-clockwise direction, with an amplitude ⁇ ( fig. 3 ), advantageously 65°, so that the rotation of each sifting roll 13, 14 always occurs in the direction opposite that of the adjacent sifting roll 14, 13.
  • the transmission device 31 comprises a first transmission mechanism 40 and a second transmission mechanism 41, substantially identical but specular, each of which comprises in turn a crank 33 ( figs. 2 and 3 ), a rod 35, a bar 36 and connection arms 37.
  • crank 33 is keyed to the shaft 38 and is connected to the corresponding rod 35, which in turn is connected to the corresponding bar 36.
  • the connection arms 37 are hinged on the latter, and in turn they are keyed to the shafts 20, respectively 25.
  • crank 33 ( fig. 2 ) of the first transmission mechanism 40 is keyed on the drive shaft of the reducer, offset by 180° with respect to the crank 33 of the second transmission mechanism 41, so that when the crank 33 of the first transmission mechanism 40 is in the position of bottom dead center, that is, when the rod 35 and the bar 36 are in the position of maximum travel to the right, the crank 33 of the second mechanism 41 is in the position of top dead center, that is, with the rod 35 and the bar 36 in the position of maximum travel to the left.
  • the first and the second transmission mechanism 40 and 41 impart to the connection arms 37 a substantially pendular motion, and therefore the sifting rolls 13 and 14 connected to them perform a rotational and alternate motion, and with a direction of rotation that is opposite for the sifting rolls 13 with respect to that of the sifting rolls 14.
  • the separation chamber 12 ( fig. 4 ) below the mouth 18 comprises a plurality of conveyor blades 42, mounted fixed to the bearing structure 11, which allow to convey the materials to be sifted toward the first sifting roll 13, preventing any dead zones inside the separation chamber 12, where the materials can accumulate.
  • a plurality of receptor blades 43 are mounted fixed, which convey the materials toward a discharge aperture 45.
  • each first sifting element 17 ( fig. 5 ) comprises two active surfaces 21 and 22, which converge toward the center and form an angle ⁇ of about 170°, to promote the transfer of the materials.
  • Each second sifting element 19 is shaped with a different geometry from that of the first sifting element 17 and comprises an upper surface 23 and a lower surface 24.
  • the upper surface 23 comprises two upper cusps 26 which promote the transfer of the materials to be sifted M toward the adjacent sifting roll 13.
  • the lower surface 24 comprises a lower cusp 27 that promotes the passage downward of the materials M between the sifting elements 17.
  • the sifting apparatus 10 as described heretofore functions as follows.
  • the materials to be sifted M are fed inside the separation chamber 12 through the mouth 18 ( figs. 3 and 4 ). Some of the smaller-sized materials M falls through the discharge gaps defined by the first sifting roll 13, whereas the remaining part is sifted by the sifting bed formed by the sifting rolls 13 and 14. In particular, the materials M remain on the active surfaces 21 and 22 ( fig. 5 ) of the first sifting elements 17. In this configuration the active surface 22 is parallel to the plane on which the shafts 20 and 25 lie, which in this case is horizontal. The direction of rotation of the first elements 17 is anti-clockwise, while that of the second elements 19 is clockwise.
  • the materials M not sifted are fed toward the discharge aperture 45, that is, toward the left in figs. 4 and 8 , thanks to the thrust exerted by the active surfaces 22 of the first elements 17, while the sifted materials are thrust downward by the lower surfaces 24 of the second elements 19.
  • the non-sifted materials M knock against each other, and also against the sifting elements 17 and 19: this causes the individual parts that make up the materials M to become detached.
  • the transmission device may be made using one or more transmission chains, or kinematisms with toothed wheels connected to the two series of sifting rolls, in order to achieve the movements described above.

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  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Image Processing (AREA)
  • Image Analysis (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Appareil de criblage permettant de sélectionner des matériaux (M) de tailles différentes, comprenant une chambre de séparation (12) ouverte vers le bas, dans laquelle peuvent être introduits lesdits matériaux (M) par des moyens d'introduction (18) situés au niveau d'un premier côté de ladite chambre de séparation (12), et de laquelle les matériaux non sélectionnés peuvent sortir à travers une ouverture de sortie (45) située au niveau d'un deuxième côté de ladite chambre de séparation (12), opposé audit premier côté, une pluralité de rouleaux de criblage (13, 14) montés de manière à pouvoir tourner sur des axes de rotation parallèles les uns par rapport aux autres et qui se trouvent sensiblement sur le même plan que ladite chambre de séparation (12), de manière à définir un lit de criblage sensiblement horizontal, ou tout au plus incliné de quelques degrés vers le haut, entre ledit premier côté et ladite ouverture de sortie (45), et un élément de moteur rotatif (38),
    comprenant également un dispositif de transmission (31) qui peut transformer la rotation dudit élément de moteur rotatif (38) en un mouvement rotatif alternatif desdits rouleaux de criblage (13, 14) dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre et dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre, ayant une amplitude (β) inférieure à 360°, de telle sorte que la rotation de chaque rouleau de criblage (13, 14) se produise dans la direction opposée à celle du rouleau de criblage adjacent (14, 13) afin de permettre l'avancement desdits matériaux dans une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire aux axes desdits rouleaux de criblage (13, 14) sur ledit lit de criblage, dudit premier côté de ladite chambre de séparation (12) à ladite ouverture de sortie (45), de manière que le matériau sélectionné tombe vers le bas entre lesdits rouleaux de criblage (13, 14) et le matériau non sélectionné sorte latéralement de ladite chambre de séparation (12) vers ladite ouverture de sortie (45).
  2. Appareil de criblage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que lesdits rouleaux de criblage (13, 14) comprennent une première série de rouleaux de criblage (13) et une seconde série de rouleaux de criblage (14), et en ce que ladite première série de rouleaux de criblage (13) est agencée dans ladite chambre de séparation (12) dans une position décalée d'une position par rapport à ladite seconde série de rouleaux de criblage (14).
  3. Appareil de criblage selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit dispositif de transmission (31) comprend un premier mécanisme de transmission (40) capable de déplacer ladite première série de rouleaux de criblage (13) et un second dispositif de transmission (41) capable de déplacer ladite seconde série de rouleaux de criblage (14).
  4. Appareil de criblage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit premier mécanisme de transmission (40) et ledit second mécanisme de transmission (41) comprennent chacun une manivelle (33) fixée audit élément de moteur rotatif (38) et reliée à une tige (35), qui est reliée à une barre (36) sur laquelle sont articulés une pluralité de bras de liaison (37), chacun desquels est fixé à un desdits rouleaux de criblage (13, 14).
  5. Appareil de criblage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que la manivelle (33) dudit premier mécanisme de transmission (40) est fixée audit élément de moteur rotatif (38), décalé de 180° par rapport à la manivelle (33) dudit mécanisme de transmission (41).
  6. Appareil de criblage selon n'importe laquelle des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que ladite première série de rouleaux de criblage (13) comprend des premiers éléments de criblage (17) possédant chacun deux surfaces actives (21 et 22) convergeant l'une vers l'autre vers le centre et pouvant effectuer le transfert desdits matériaux (M) desdits premiers rouleaux de criblage (13) auxdits seconds rouleaux de criblage (14).
  7. Appareil de criblage selon n'importe laquelle des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que ladite seconde série de rouleaux de criblage (14) comprend des seconds éléments de criblage (19) possédant chacun deux chevrons supérieurs (26) pouvant effectuer le transfert desdits matériaux (M) desdits seconds rouleaux de criblage (14) auxdits premiers rouleaux de criblage (13).
  8. Appareil de criblage selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que lesdits seconds éléments de criblage (19) comprennent également un chevron inférieur (27), pouvant réaliser le passage desdits matériaux (M) vers le bas.
  9. Appareil de criblage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'amplitude de rotation (β) des rouleaux de criblage (13, 14) est comprise entre 30° et 90°.
  10. Appareil de criblage selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'amplitude de rotation (β) des rouleaux de criblage (13, 14) est de 65°.
EP11720858.7A 2010-03-31 2011-03-30 Appareil de criblage permettant de sélectionner des matériaux de tailles différentes Active EP2552606B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITUD2010A000059A IT1399830B1 (it) 2010-03-31 2010-03-31 Apparecchiatura di vagliatura per selezionare materiali aventi differenti dimensioni
PCT/IB2011/000676 WO2011121426A2 (fr) 2010-03-31 2011-03-30 Appareil de criblage permettant de sélectionner des matériaux de tailles différentes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2552606A2 EP2552606A2 (fr) 2013-02-06
EP2552606B1 true EP2552606B1 (fr) 2017-11-15

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EP11720858.7A Active EP2552606B1 (fr) 2010-03-31 2011-03-30 Appareil de criblage permettant de sélectionner des matériaux de tailles différentes

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EP (1) EP2552606B1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1399830B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011121426A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109170934B (zh) * 2018-11-07 2023-10-03 山东农业大学 一种核桃分级破壳机
IT202000018538A1 (it) * 2020-07-30 2022-01-30 Camec S R L Vaglio a camme perfezionato per la selezione dimensionale di materiali solidi

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB376273A (en) * 1931-02-26 1932-06-27 Ross William Improvements in and relating to screening apparatus
US4430210A (en) * 1979-07-13 1984-02-07 Rauma-Repola Oy Screen
US4471876A (en) * 1980-12-16 1984-09-18 Nfd, Inc. Potato cleaning table
DE29811073U1 (de) * 1998-06-20 1998-10-08 Neuenhauser Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg, 49828 Neuenhaus Vorrichtung zum Sieben und/oder Zerkleinern von Siebmaterialien
AU2004202132B2 (en) * 2003-05-23 2009-03-12 Yasmin Delibasic Apparatus for Screening Material
DE102007056941A1 (de) * 2007-11-24 2009-05-28 Hartner, Helmut Sortiervorrichtung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2552606A2 (fr) 2013-02-06
WO2011121426A3 (fr) 2012-11-22
IT1399830B1 (it) 2013-05-03
WO2011121426A2 (fr) 2011-10-06
ITUD20100059A1 (it) 2011-10-01

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