EP2551063B1 - Switch device and machine tool with a switch device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a switching device for a power transmission device of a power-driven hand tool or power tool, in particular for a transmission having at least three transmission configurations. The invention further relates to a machine tool, in particular a power-driven hand tool or power tool, with such a switching device.

From the DE 196 29 623 A1 , which shows a switching device according to the preamble of patent claim 1, is a machine tool, in particular an electric hand tool, known, having a tool holder for a rotary tool-carrying work spindle, which is driven via a multi-stage transmission by a rotating drive shaft, wherein to ensure a automatic turning or gear adjustment for a rotary tool used in the tool holder a switching mechanism is provided which scans a predefined on the turning tool indexing and converts into a gear change. Furthermore, a gear knob provided with switching cam is provided with a manual gear selection is possible.

Machine tools, in particular hand tools or power tools, can be used for example for the separating, dividing, cutting or abrading machining of workpieces. Likewise, this assembly work can be done, such as the setting of rivets, screw or the like. Conventional hand tools can be used, for example, as drills, impact drills, Screwdrivers, grinding machines, cutting machines or sawing machines be formed.

To increase the flexibility of use, in particular high-quality hand tools or power tools switchable power transmission devices, such as manual transmission. Thus, for example, an output speed or an output torque can be suitably adapted to the respective operating conditions. It is always desirable, by providing multiple transmission configurations, such as switching stages, a drive movement suitable for transferring or translating. In this way, for example, the spread, that is to say the transmission range, the power transmission device and the gradation between individual transmission configurations can be adapted to an expected field of application.

From the EP 1 364 752 B1 is a power tool with a multi-stage transmission known, which has a total of three switching stages. The EP 1 886 769 B1 shows a machine tool with a multi-stage planetary gear, which has four switching stages. The more switching stages are provided, the sooner a coupled tool can be operated in its optimum speed range. Conversely, however, increases with an increasing number of switching stages of the user experience.

Against this background, the invention has the object, a switching device for a power transmission of a hand tool or power tool, specify in particular for a transmission, which allows simple and intuitive executable switching operations even with increasing number of transmission configurations of the power transmission and possible unambiguous, low-error operation possible , Furthermore, a machine tool, in particular a power-driven hand tool or a power tool to be specified with such a switching device.

This object is achieved by a switching device for a power transmission device of a power tool or power tool, in particular a transmission having at least three transmission configurations, wherein the switching device comprises an actuating device which is adapted to the power transmission device from any Ausgangsübertragungskonfiguration directly into any Zielübertragungskonfiguration to be transferred, wherein the actuating device has at least two driving slides, which are selectively movable, wherein the actuating device comprises an actuating element which is coupled with at least one switching element to its displacement, the actuating element along two spatial axes is displaced, and wherein a first driving carriage substantially by an axial thrust component of a movement of the actuating element is movable and a second Mitnahmesc Hlitten essentially by a rotational component of the movement of the actuating element is movable.

The object of the invention is achieved in this way.

In accordance with the invention, a highly flexible and rapid operation of the shifting device is made possible, which can allow increased operating comfort and improved performance of the power-driven hand tool or power tool.

An operator can now transfer the power transmission device directly from a first transmission configuration into a third transmission configuration, that is to say from first gear to third gear, without being forced to first control the second transmission configuration with the actuating device. In this way, a rigid inevitable serial actuation, approximately in the mentioned EP 1 364 752 B1 as well as the EP 1 886 769 B1 shown avoided.

For example, in a fixed tool, such as a jamming drill, the power transmission may be transferred directly from the transmission configuration, which corresponds approximately to a "overdrive", into a transmission configuration corresponding to a high torque gearshift stage. Intermediate transfer configurations can be "skipped" on the operator side. Conveniently, the switching device may be combined with a rotary reversing device, such as for releasing a locked tool.

The switching process can be done faster because cumbersome sequential or serial operations are avoidable. Known switchable power transmission devices can be subject to the disadvantage that, for example, during the transition from a first transmission configuration to a fourth transmission configuration, first the second and third transmission configurations must be controlled separately. In particular, in machine tools such as power-driven hand tools or power tools have power transmission devices regularly no synchronization devices or similar aids to improve the shifting comfort. The additional disadvantage that the drive of the machine tool must first be activated for each transfer configuration to be skipped may arise. This may be necessary in order to transfer the components involved into a "tooth gap" position, for example in the case of a gear transmission that is initially "tooth on tooth". Thus, the respective intermediate switching process can be completed. The direct drive according to the invention avoids this disadvantage.

By way of example, a transmission, such as a gear transmission, planetary gear or a switchable traction mechanism can be understood by the power transmission device. However, the power transmission device can also be designed as a so-called virtual transmission. A virtual transmission may include, for example with a power tool, a suitable influencing of excitation windings of the drive motor. In this way, the engine characteristics of the drive motor "geared" can be influenced. The targeted connection or disconnection of exciter windings can different speed-torque characteristics be effected, which have approximately different slopes.

A transmission configuration can be understood to mean a specific ratio, in particular a specific ratio between input speed and output speed. However, a transmission configuration may also include a lock or stop function or a rotation direction adjustment.

In principle, two suitable spatial axes can be selected for actuation from six conceivable spatial axes, that is, three rotational axes and three linear axes. Preferably, for example, a linear axis can be determined, and furthermore the axis of rotation can be selected, which permits rotation about the selected linear axis. Other combinations are conceivable, however.

The actuating element may be designed, for example, as a rotary thrust element, a pivoting thrust element or as a spherical rotary or pivoting element. Furthermore, the actuating element can be designed to allow movement along a plane in two spatial directions. The rotational component or the pivoting component can be considered as a near-push movement, for example, with a sufficiently large turning radius or turning radius. If the actuating element can be displaced along two spatial axes, that is to say essentially has two degrees of freedom, a direct activation of a plurality of arbitrary transmission configurations can be effected in a simple manner instead of a serial switching operation.

The driving carriages can be coupled to a housing or the actuating element, for example via molded or force-connected guide means. The driving slides can be designed to transmit the switching movement initiated on the actuating element to the corresponding switching elements.

Furthermore, a component decomposition of the switching movement initiated on the actuating element can take place. The axial thrust component and the rotational component may correspond to the selected spatial axes along which the actuating element is displaceable. Individual components of the movement each serve to displace one of the two driving slides. The movement component which is not desired for the respective driving carriage can be collected, for example, via design freewheels.

The axial thrust component can be understood as a longitudinal thrust component, which takes place substantially in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the power transmission device. This may coincide with a spindle axis of a tool spindle of the machine tool, be arranged parallel to this, or run perpendicular thereto.

The rotational component or pivoting component can be generated approximately by a rotation of the actuating element about the longitudinal axis.

In principle, it is conceivable to conceive the rotary component in a simplified manner as a transverse thrust component, which is directed substantially perpendicular to the axial thrust component. It is of prime importance that the two components of motion are directed along two separate and distinguishable directions or dimensions in order to perform the desired component decomposition.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the actuating device cooperates with the at least one switching element, preferably a first and a second switching element, which is displaceable in order to selectively transfer the power transmission device into a desired transmission configuration.

The switching element may be formed in particular in a gear transmission as a shift fork, ratchet, shift pinion or ring gear. The However, switching element may also be designed in the form of a switching element which is suitable for influencing the actuating device in a suitable manner in order to bring about the desired transmission configuration. These may be, in particular, clutches, brakes, locks or similar elements which may interact with individual gears in a gear transmission, for example.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the actuating element has a handle. The handle can easily initiate an applied by the operator actuating movement directly into the actuator.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the actuating element cooperates with a guide element which defines at least three locking positions for the actuating element, between which the actuating element is directly displaceable.

In this way, the risk of incorrect operation can be significantly reduced. In particular, unwanted switching positions, such as an accidental "driving over" a target transmission configuration or a persistence of the actuating element in an undefined intermediate position can be avoided. The guide element may be formed approximately as part of a housing of the power tool or power tool.

According to a development of this embodiment, the guide element comprises an at least triangular, in particular quadrangular, guide surface along which the actuating element, preferably the handle of the actuating element, is displaceable.

The guide surface can be understood as a recess, for example in the housing of the power-driven hand tool or power tool determining an area or orbital plane that describes allowed positions of the actuator. In other words, the guide surface may be formed as a two-dimensional guide track, in which each point is directly accessible from any point.

It is further preferred if the handle of the actuating element protrudes through the guide surface. Thus, the handle can get into the detent positions on the guide element to the plant.

The detent positions can be assigned to the corners of the guide surface. It is understood that the corners of the guide surface may be rounded, such as to correspond to the shape of the handle.

In this way, an unambiguous assignment of the switching positions, ie the respective transmission configuration, can be ensured to a detent position. Each detent position, that is about every corner of the guide surface, can be controlled directly from another detent position, without the actuating element or its handle must pass in between a different detent position.

The locking positions allow a safe and intuitive operation. The risk of incorrect operation can be significantly reduced. Due to the defined locking positions of the actuator, which can be approached clearly and safely, the switching device can be operated "blind". The operator can focus on the current operation without being significantly distracted by shifts.

The handle can also serve as a switching indicator or switching indicator in connection with the locking positions of the guide element. The arrangement of the handle of the actuator in one of the corners of the guide surface allows a quick and easy haptic and visual detection of the current switching state or the current transmission configuration.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, an at least partially formed circumferential groove is provided, via which the actuating element cooperates via a driver with the first driving carriage, wherein an at least partially formed Diagonalnut is provided, via which the actuating element cooperates via a driver with the second driving carriage.

The circumferential groove and the diagonal groove can be formed approximately on the actuating element or on the respective driving slide. The circumferential groove may be formed as a circumferential longitudinal groove. A rotation or pivoting of the actuating element causes a method of the driver in the circumferential groove. In this way, a freewheel can be realized. A displacement of the actuating element substantially transversely to the longitudinal extent of the circumferential groove can bring about a corresponding movement entrainment of the first driving carriage.

A rotation or pivoting of the actuating element, however, in the interaction between the diagonal groove and the associated driver cause a longitudinal displacement of the second driving carriage.

The diagonal groove can also be understood as a spiral groove or as a gradient slope provided with a slope.

The slope of the diagonal groove can be made constant. However, it can also be provided a variable pitch having detent points or inlets or outlets with smooth transitions. In this way, the ease of the switching movement can be increased.

Viewed in the developed state, the peripheral groove and the diagonal groove can be understood as two plane grooves arranged at an angle to each other which is less than 90 °.

In other words, the switching movement can cause a substantially axial displacement of the first switching element or the second switching element by means of the first driving carriage or the second driving carriage, wherein the axial displacement of the first switching element is effected by an axial displacement of the actuating element and wherein the axial displacement of the second Switching element by rotation, pivoting, simplified by a transverse displacement, the actuating element is effected by means of the handle. In this case, the rotation or pivoting of the actuating element is transferred via a slotted guide in the form of the diagonal groove in a pushing movement.

As a freewheel to avoid an immediate Axialschubmitnahme the second driving carriage in a longitudinal displacement of the actuating element, a further groove may be provided, which extends substantially in the direction of the longitudinal axis.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the actuating element is formed substantially annularly around the power transmission device.

In this way, a compact design can result, in particular in a planetary gear. The actuator may be formed approximately full ring-shaped or ring-section-shaped.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the actuating element is in several parts, in particular in two parts, is formed, wherein at least a first actuating element part relative to a second actuating element part is longitudinally displaceable.

In this way, a freewheel can be realized even when the actuator itself. Thus, an undesirable movement component can be prevented from acting on one of the two driving carriage. Alternatively, the first actuating element part and the second actuating element part can be made rotatable relative to one another.

By this measure, the space requirement can be reduced. Additional components can be avoided.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the actuating device acts on the at least one switching element via at least one elastic element.

In this case, the at least one elastic element can serve as energy storage. Thus, a once initiated switching operation can be completed, for example, even if involved components of the power transmission device initially can not be disengaged as desired or engaged. This can be caused by a "tooth on tooth" position for example in a gear transmission. At the next activation of the drive motor, the desired position can be brought about, so that the switching operation can be terminated automatically. The at least one elastic element can forward the force required for a switching operation with a time delay.

According to one embodiment of this embodiment, two elastic elements are provided, which are designed as spring clips, wherein a first spring clip with the first driving carriage and the first switching element and wherein a second spring clip with the second driving carriage and the second switching element can be coupled.

The spring clips may be approximately circular, in particular circular section-shaped or U-shaped. The spring clip can engage about corresponding curved spring ends in corresponding grooves or recesses of the corresponding driving carriage or switching element.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the power transmission device is designed as a planetary gear with at least two planetary stages, in particular ring gears of the planetary stages are selectively displaced by means of the switching device.

In this way, for example, a manual transmission with four gears can be realized. The ring gears can serve as switching elements or controlled via this and selectively blocked or released.

In a planetary gear, a planetary stage may have a plurality of transmission configurations that may be accomplished by selectively locking, releasing, or interconnecting transmission elements.

By way of example, a planetary stage may be driven via a sun gear which is engaged with at least one planetary gear which rolls in a first transmission configuration with respect to a housing-fixed ring gear. On the output side, a planet carrier may be provided, which is driven by the planetary circulation. The planet carrier may be coupled to a sun gear of a second planetary stage. In a second transmission configuration of the planetary stage, the ring gear can be disengaged from the housing and brought into engagement with the planet carrier in addition to the engagement with the planetary gear. Thus, the planetary stage can be blocked and circulate without internal relative movements. Become at the second planetary stage in similar or different ways provided two further transmission configurations, a total of four transmission configurations can result.

A planetary gear may be formed about a cartridge-shaped or cylindrical and in particular cooperate with an annular actuator. In this way, existing space can be used very effectively.

It is understood that instead of a planetary gear and a mixed transmission, such as a combination of a planetary stage and a gear stage, are arranged in the drive and output are not coaxial, may be provided.

Other types of transmission are conceivable without further notice.

The object of the invention is also achieved by a machine tool, in particular a power tool or a power tool, with a housing, a drive, an output and a power transmission, which is interposed between the drive and the output and has at least three transmission configurations, and with a Switching device according to claim 1.

According to a further embodiment of the machine tool, the switching device cooperates with a guide element which is provided on the housing, wherein the guide element comprises a guide surface which is formed as a recess in the housing.

It is understood that the features of the invention mentioned above and those yet to be explained below can be used not only in the particular combination indicated, but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Werkzeugmaschine;

Fig. 2

eine vereinfachte symbolhafte Darstellung einer Kraftübertragungseinrichtung, die eine Mehrzahl von Übertragungskonfigurationen aufweist;

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht der Werkzeugmaschine gemäß Fig. 1;

Fig. 4a-4c

vereinfachte Darstellungen einer Betätigungseinrichtung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltvorrichtung in verschiedenen Schaltstellungen;

Fig. 5

eine erläuternde Darstellung weiterer Teilkomponenten der Betätigungseinrichtung gemäß den Fig. 4a bis 4c;

Fig. 6a-6c

weitere Ansichten der Betätigungseinrichtung gemäß den Fig. 4a bis 4c unter Berücksichtigung der Teilkomponenten gemäß Fig. 5 in verschiedenen Schaltstellungen;

Fig. 7

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Betätigungselements;

Fig. 8a-8b

vereinfachte Darstellungen verschiedener Führungselemente und Führungsflächen;

Fig. 9

eine frontale Ansicht einer weiteren Betätigungseinrichtung zur Verwendung bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Schaltvorrichtung;

Fig. 10a-10b

zwei seitliche Schnittansichten durch die Betätigungseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 9 entlang der Linie X-X;

Fig. 11a-11c

verschiedene perspektivische Ansichten der Betätigungseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 9; und

Fig. 12a-12b

weitere perspektivische Ansichten der Betätigungseinrichtung gemäß Fig. 9 mit gebrochener Darstellung ausgewählter Komponenten.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of several preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings. Show it:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a machine tool according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a simplified symbolic representation of a power transmission device having a plurality of transmission configurations;

Fig. 3

a plan view of the machine tool according to Fig. 1 ;

Fig. 4a-4c

simplified representations of an actuating device of a switching device according to the invention in different switching positions;

Fig. 5

an explanatory representation of further sub-components of the actuator according to the Fig. 4a to 4c ;

Fig. 6a-6c

further views of the actuator according to the Fig. 4a to 4c taking into account the subcomponents according to Fig. 5 in different switching positions;

Fig. 7

a perspective view of an actuating element;

Fig. 8a-8b

simplified representations of various guide elements and guide surfaces;

Fig. 9

a frontal view of another actuator for use in a switching device according to the invention;

Fig. 10a-10b

two side sectional views through the actuator according to Fig. 9 along the line XX;

Fig. 11a-11c

various perspective views of the actuator according to Fig. 9 ; and

Fig. 12a-12b

further perspective views of the actuator according to Fig. 9 with broken representation of selected components.

In Fig. 1 a machine tool according to the invention in the form of a power-driven hand tool is shown and designated 10 in total.

The hand tool 10 is exemplified as a power tool. The hand tool 10 has a housing 12, which is penetrated by a longitudinal axis 16. At the front end of the housing 12 of the hand tool 10, an output in the form of a tool spindle 14 is formed. The tool spindle 14 serves to receive a tool (not shown in detail). By way of example, the tool spindle 14 can be coupled via a tool clamping device (not shown) with a drilling tool or a screwing tool.

The hand tool 10 further comprises a power transmission device 30 (in Fig. 1 not shown, compare Fig. 2 ) on. The power transmission device 30 can be converted by a switching device 18 in various transmission configurations. The switching device 18 has an actuating device 19 which can be operated via a handle 20.

The housing 12 of the hand tool 10 further has a handle portion 22, in which an activation switch 24 is provided. At a base region of the housing 12, a power supply device 26 is coupled. In the present case, the energy supply device 26 is exemplified as a battery pack shown. Alternatively, a network-connected power supply of the hand tool 10 is conceivable.

The hand tool 10 is exemplified as a cordless drill or cordless screwdriver. However, it could also be about a drill, a percussion drill, an impact wrench, a saw, a grinder, a hand tool with oscillatory output or the like.

Based on Fig. 2 an exemplary structure of the power transmission device 30 is explained by means of symbolic transmission ghost images which, for example, in the case of the hand tool 10 according to FIG Fig. 1 can be used.

The power transmission device 30 is exemplified as a planetary gear, which is a drive in the form of a drive motor 28 and the output-side tool spindle 14 interposed. Between the drive motor 28 and the power transmission device 30, a clutch 32 is provided. The power transmission device 30 and the tool spindle 14 is a coupling 34 interposed. In the following explanations, it is primarily assumed that the switching device 18 can be used in order to be able to transfer the power transmission device 30 into various transmission configurations, that is to say about transmission stages. However, the switching device 18 can also be used for selectively switching at least one of the clutches 32, 34. The clutches 32, 34 may selectively link or release the coupled components for rotational drive. The clutches 32, 34 may be formed as a form-linked or force-coupled couplings. It is also conceivable to form at least one of the clutches 32, 34 as a brake or lock in order to be able to selectively fix the components to be coupled approximately to the housing 12 of the hand tool 10.

The power transmission device 30 has two planetary stages 36a, 36b, which in the present case are designed to be essentially the same for reasons of illustration. The planetary stage 36a has a sun gear 38a which cooperates with at least one planet gear 40a, a ring gear 42a and a planetary carrier 44a. The planet carrier 44a has a driving toothing 46a. On the housing side, the first planetary stage 36a is associated with a locking toothing 48a, which can be coupled with a locking counter-toothing 50a of the ring gear 42a. The planetary carrier 44a is coupled to the sun gear 38b of the second planetary stage 36b. The sun gear 38b cooperates with at least one planetary gear 40b, a ring gear 42b and a planet carrier 44b. The planet carrier 44b can be coupled via the coupling 34 with the tool spindle 14. The second planetary stage 36b has a driving toothing 46b on the planet carrier 44b. On the housing side, the second planetary stage 36b is associated with a locking toothing 48b, which can be coupled with a locking counter-toothing 50b of the ring gear 42b.

The power transmission device 30 according to Fig. 2 can in principle by axial displacement of the ring gears 42a, 42b, compare the longitudinal axis 16 in Fig. 1 , are converted into different transmission configurations. In Fig. 2 is the ring gear of the first planetary stage 36a simplified in two possible positions 42a, 42a 'and analogous to the ring gear of the second planetary stage 36b in two positions 42b, 42b' shown. The associated displacement is indicated by two with 52a, 52b designated double arrows. In the respective first transmission configuration, the ring gears 42a, 42b are coupled rotationally fixed to the housing-side locking teeth 48a, 48b via their locking counter-teeth 50a, 50b. In the alternative configuration, the ring gears 42a ', 42b' have been disengaged from the ratchets 48a, 48b. The Sperrgegenverzahnungen 50a ', 50b' are not fixed to the housing side. Furthermore, the ring gears 42a ', 42b' are like the planetary gears 40a, 40b and with the driving teeth 46a, 46b of the planet carrier 44a, 44b engaged. The planetary stages 36a, 36b are each blocked in this transmission configuration. The ring gears 42a, 42b, the planet carrier 44a, 44b, the planetary gears 40a, 40b and the sun gears 38a, 38b of the respective planetary stage 36a, 36b can each rotate together. Consequently Each planetary stage 36a, 36b has two transmission configurations. Overall, four possible transmission configurations result for the power transmission device 30.

It is understood that the switching device 18 may be used with a variety of different power transmission devices, in particular with a variety of transmission types, transmission configurations and switching elements.

As shown in Fig. 2 serve the ring gears 42a, 42b as switching elements with which the switching device 18 can cooperate directly or indirectly for the purpose of switching. Other switching elements are conceivable without further notice. Thus, it is conceivable, for example, to make the locking teeth 48a, 48b displaceable in order to selectively block or release the ring gears 42a, 42b by displacing them. Other switching elements, in particular in conventional manual transmissions with parallel spaced shafts, may include shift forks, brakes, locks, shift wedges, or slidable gears.

Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the hand tool 10 according to Fig. 1 , The handle 20 for actuating the actuating device 19 of the switching device 18 can be moved in a region of a guide surface 60, which is delimited by a guide element 58.

The handle 20 is shown by way of example slightly raised and disc-shaped. The handle 20 has a trough or recess 56, compare also Fig. 1 or Fig. 7 which can simplify operation of the actuator 19 with the thumb or individual fingers. Other designs are conceivable.

In synopsis of Fig. 4a to 7 the design of a first embodiment of an actuator 19 is set forth in more detail. The actuating device 19 has an actuating element 62 on which the handle 20 can be accommodated, see also Fig. 7 , In the Fig. 4a to 4c the actuator 62 is shown in various switch positions. The actuating element 62 can approximately in the area determined by the guide member 58, compare Fig. 3 , are moved in the direction of the longitudinal axis 16, compare an arrow designated 72. The arrow 72 illustrates a spatial axis, namely a linear axis along which the actuating element is displaceable. In addition, a pivoting or twisting of the actuating element 62 in a certain area is permitted by the guide element 58, for comparison see an arrow designated 74. The arrow 74 illustrates a spatial axis, namely an axis of rotation along which the actuating element is displaceable.

The actuator 62 is annular and encloses an inner housing 64. Further details of the inner housing 64 are in connection with the Fig. 9 to 12b made below. On the actuating element 62, a circumferential groove 66 is introduced, which cooperates with a driver 68 which is associated with a first driving carriage 70. The first driving carriage 70 may be provided with a first switching element, such as the first ring gear 42a according to Fig. 2 whose transfer is indirectly or directly linked. The circumferential groove 66 and the driver 68 cooperate in such a way that a rotation or pivoting of the actuating element 62 about the longitudinal axis 16 causes no entrainment of the first driving carriage 70. Such a twist is in Fig. 4b takes place, compare the actuator 62 '. The first driving carriage 70 is not relocated.

A pushing movement in the direction of the arrow 72, however, causes entrainment of the driver 68 via the circumferential groove 66. Thus, in the transition from Fig. 4a to Fig. 4c the first driving carriage 70 has been displaced longitudinally by the actuating element 62 "and can accordingly act on a switching element.

The actuating element 62 has, in addition to the circumferential groove 66, a longitudinal groove 75, compare approximately Fig. 7 , In conjunction with other components, this contributes to the fact that the rotation or pivoting of the actuating element 62 can also be used to longitudinally displace a switching element. Details will be based on the Fig. 5 to 6c explained.

The actuator 62 acts in a rotation with drivers 84a, 84b of a second driving carriage 80 to its displacement together, cf. Fig. 5 , On the second driving carriage 80, a diagonal groove 76 is further provided. The second driving carriage 80 is received in a carriage guide 82. The carriage guide 82 allows the second driving carriage 80 to be rotated or pivoted analogously to the rotation or pivoting of the actuating element 62. The slide guide 82 can be held in a rotationally fixed but longitudinally displaceable manner on the inner housing 64 or on the housing 12 (not shown). The diagonal groove 76 of the second driving carriage 80 cooperates with a driver 78, which is fixed to the housing, approximately on the inner housing 64, is added. A development of the movement path of the second driving carriage 80 at a direction indicated by the arrow 74 rotation of the actuating element 62 can be understood as a transverse displacement along the carriage guide 82 is simplified, compare an arrow 74 'designated in Fig. 5 , Such a transverse displacement of the second driving carriage 80 causes via the inclination of the diagonal groove 76, which cooperates with the fixed driver 78, a resulting longitudinal displacement, see an arrow designated 86. Thus, the second driving carriage 80 on a second switching element, such as the second ring gear 42b according to Fig. 2 , to whose displacement indirectly or directly act. This can be done, although a longitudinal displacement of the actuating element 62 along the arrow 72 causes no immediate entrainment of the second driving carriage 80 in this direction, since about the drivers 84a, 84b are slidably mounted in the longitudinal groove 75 in this direction.

Such a freewheel is approximately when comparing the Fig. 6a and 6c seen. In Fig. 6c is the entrainment element 62 "starting from the position of the Driving element 62 in Fig. 6a moved longitudinally. However, the second driving carriage 80 and the carriage guide 82 have experienced no displacement.

A rotation of the actuating element 62 according to Fig. 6a leads in the actuator 62 'according to Fig. 6b to a corresponding rotation of the second driving carriage 80 and consequently to a longitudinal displacement of the carriage guide 82nd

In this way, by selective displacement and / or rotation of the handle 20 of the actuating element 62 as the power transmission device 30 according to Fig. 2 Any desired destination transmission configuration can be achieved directly from any output transmission configuration.

As explained above, illustrated Fig. 7 an exemplary design of the actuating element 62. In the present case, the areas of the circumferential groove 66 and the longitudinal groove 75 are arranged offset by about 180 ° on the actuating element 62. Alternatively, the areas can be arranged in the longitudinal direction approximately one behind the other without significant angular misalignment. This may make it possible to perform the actuating element 62 approximately only in the form of a ring section, for example as a half ring or quarter ring.

Fig. 8a 1 illustrates an exemplary configuration of a guide element 58a that defines a guide surface 60a that has four detent positions in its corners for four different transmission configurations I, II, III, IV. The corners are rounded. The handle 20 can be transferred to actuate the actuating element 62 approximately starting from the detent position IV directly to each of the other detent positions I, II, III, compare with 88a, 90a, 92a designated arrows. Movement along the arrow 88a may cause pivoting or twisting of the actuator 62, for example. It can, for example, the second driving carriage 80 are moved, the first driving carriage 70 is not driven. A movement of the handle 20 along the arrow 90 a can cause an axial thrust movement of the actuating element 62. In this case, for example, the first driving carriage 70 can be taken, whereas the second driving carriage 80 is excluded from the movement entrainment. When the handle 20 is moved along the arrow 92a, a combined movement takes place with an axial thrust component and a rotational component. Thus, both the first driving carriage 70 and the second driving carriage 80 can be moved longitudinally.

Fig. 8b illustrates a basically similar construction of a guide member 58b with a guide surface 60b, which is triangular, however. The handle 20 can be converted from the detent position II directly into the detent positions I or III or vice versa, compare with 88b, 90b designated arrows. Likewise, a direct transition between the rest positions I and II is possible.

Legs of the guide surfaces 58a, 58b may be slightly curved inward to further increase the shifting comfort. In this way, the locking positions can be perceived even more clearly in the operation.

Based on Fig. 9 to 12b an alternative actuator 19a is explained in more detail. Compared to the actuator 19 according to the Fig. 4a to 7 Individual components are designed closer or additional components provided. It goes without saying that such can also be used in the aforementioned embodiment.

In Fig. 9 the actuator 19a is shown in a frontal view. The actuating device 19a has an actuating element 62a, which is made in several parts with an actuating element part 96a and another Actuator part 96b is formed. The actuator parts 96a and 96b are coupled together via sliding guides 98, see also Fig. 11a to 11c , The sliding guides 98 serve as a freewheel to avoid entrainment of the actuating element part 96b with a longitudinal displacement of the actuating element part 96a. Such functionality is according to the actuator 62 Fig. 7 realized by the longitudinal groove 75. Upon rotation or pivoting of the actuating element part 96a, the actuating element part 96b is taken along.

The first driving carriage 70 is exemplarily taken over a carriage guide 100 and the second driving carriage 80, for example via a slide guide 102 longitudinally displaceable on the inner housing 64, see also Fig. 10a, 10b and 12a , The first driving carriage 70 is coupled to a spring clip 104a, the second driving carriage 80 to a spring clip 104b. The spring clips 104a, 104b have spring ends 106a, 106b, which may be approximately bent or bent. The spring ends 106a, 106b project through recesses 108a, 108b of the inner housing 64, cf. Fig. 10a and Fig. 11a , In this area, the spring ends 106a, 106b in switching elements, such as the ring gears 42a, 42b according to Fig. 2 , intervene to effect a switching operation. The spring clips 104a, 104b can buffer energy, for example in order to be able to conclude an initiated switching movement during the next activation of the drive motor 28, for example when involved gears can not initially engage in one another.

The spring clips 104a, 104b are received in tongue grooves 110a, 110b of the first driving carriage 70 and the second driving carriage 80, cf. Fig. 10b , In the actuator 19 according to the Fig. 4a to 7 For example, elastic elements of this kind can be received in a similar manner on the driving slides 70, 80, as well as on the slide guide 82.

In synopsis of Fig. 10b . 11c and 12a it can be seen that in the actuator 19a, the circumferential groove 66 is not on the actuator 62a is provided, but on the first driving carriage 70. Conversely, the driver 68 cooperating with the circumferential groove 66 is now arranged on the actuating element part 96a of the actuating element 62a. This represents a simple kinematic reversal and is readily conceivable even with other components.

Likewise, in the actuator 19a, the components such as the diagonal groove 76, the longitudinal groove 75, the drivers 84a, 84b, and the cam 78 are as shown in FIG Fig. 5 correspond, modified implemented. The actuating element part 96b is pivotable about the longitudinal axis 16 together with the actuating element part 96a, but is excluded from displacement along the longitudinal axis 16 by suitable guides (not shown in more detail) on the housing side. The diagonal groove 76 is disposed in the actuator part 96b, see FIG Fig. 10b . 11b and 12b , In the Diagonalnut 76 of the actuator member 96b, a driver 114 is received, in contrast to the driver 84 according to Fig. 5 not fixed to the housing. The driver 114 is disposed on a boom 112 of the second driving carriage 80.

A rotation or pivoting of the actuating element 62a via the handle 20, see the arrow 74 in Fig. 11c , Acts on the actuator member 96 a rotational drive of the actuator member 96 b. According to the inclination or slope of the diagonal groove 76 in the actuator member 96b while the driver 114 is displaced in the longitudinal direction, whereby the second driving carriage 80 is moved. The rotation of the actuating element part 96a causes no displacement of the first driving carriage 70, since the driver 68 is movable in the circumferential groove 66, cf. Fig. 12a ,

A pushing movement of the handle 20 of the actuating element 62a, see the arrow 72 in Fig. 11c , Acts on the actuator member 96 a, but not on the actuator member 96 b, since this is excluded on the slide guides 98 from the axial thrust. The longitudinal displacement of the Actuator element 96a is transmitted via the driver 68 on the circumferential groove 66 of the first driving carriage 70, see Fig. 12a ,

The embodiment pursued in the case of the actuating device 19a can also be used, for example, according to the power transmission device 30 Fig. 2 be easily switched in four different transmission configurations. The operating logic can be used in conjunction with the Fig. 8a and 8b used.

It is understood that further design modifications of aspects of the invention are conceivable. This may include in particular the assignment of grooves or slide tracks, drivers or guides to the actuator 62, the driving carriage 70, 80, the carriage guide 82, the housing 12, the inner housing 64 or other components. By means of geometrical reversal, kinematic reversal or the exchange of element pairings, such embodiments can be derived from the exemplary embodiments described.

Claims (13)

1. Shifting device for a power transmission arrangement (30) of a power-driven hand tool or electrical power tool, in particular for a transmission, which power transmission arrangement (30) has at least three transmission configurations (I, II, III, IV), wherein the shifting device has an actuating device (19) which is configured to shift the power transmission arrangement (30) from any starting transmission configuration (I; II; III; IV) directly to any target transmission configuration, wherein the actuating device (19) comprises an actuating element (62) which is couplable to the at least one shifting element (42a, 42b) for displacement thereof, characterized in that the actuating element (62) is displaceable along two spatial axes (72, 74) and in that a first slave slider (70) is movable substantially by an axial pushing component (72) of a movement of the actuating element (62) and a second slave slider (80) is movable substantially by a turning component (74) of the movement of the actuating element (62).
2. Shifting device according to claim 1, wherein the actuating device (19) cooperates with at least one shifting element (42a, 42b), preferably with a first and a second shifting element, which is displaceable in order to shift the power transmission arrangement selectively to a desired transmission configuration (I, II, III, IV).
3. Shifting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the actuating element (62) comprises a manual control element (20).
4. Shifting device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the actuating element (62) cooperates with a guide element (58) which defines at least three locking positions for the actuating element (62) between which the actuating element (62) is displaceable directly.
5. Shifting device according to claim 4, wherein the guide element (58) comprises an at least triangular, in particular four-cornered, guide area (60) along which the actuating element (62), preferably the manual control element (20) of the actuating element (62), is displaceable.
6. Shifting device according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising an at least partially formed circumferential groove (66) via which the actuating element (62) cooperates by means of a driver (68) with the first slave slider (70), and further comprising an at least partially formed diagonal groove (76) via which the actuating element (62) cooperates by means of a driver (78, 114) with the second slave slider (80).
7. Shifting device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the actuating element (62) is configured substantially as a ring surrounding the power transmission arrangement (30).
8. Shifting device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the actuating element (62) has a multi-part, in particular two-part, configuration and wherein at least a first actuating element part (96a) is longitudinally displaceable with respect to a second actuating element part (96b).
9. Shifting device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the actuating device (19) acts on the at least one shifting element (42a, 42b) via at least one elastic element (104a, 104b).
10. Shifting device according to claim 9, further comprising two elastic elements (104a, 104b) in the form of spring stirrups, a first spring stirrup (104a) being couplable to the first slave slider (70) and to the first shifting element (42a), and a second spring stirrup to the second slave slider (80) and to the second shifting element (42b).
11. Shifting device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the power transmission arrangement (30) is configured as a planetary gear comprising at least two planet stages (36a, 36b) and wherein, in particular, ring gears (42a, 42b) of the planet stages (36a, 36b) are selectively displaceable by means of the shifting device (18).
12. Machine tool, in particular power-driven hand tool or electrical power tool, comprising a housing (12), an input drive (28), an output drive (14) and a power transmission arrangement (30) which is connected between the input drive (28) and the output drive (14) and comprises at least three transmission configurations (I, II, III, IV) including a shifting device (18) according to any of the preceding claims.
13. Machine tool (10) according to claim 12, wherein the shifting device (18) cooperates with a guide element (58) provided on the housing (12), the guide element (58) including a guide area (60) which is configured as an opening in the housing (12).

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