EP2550129A1 - Process and apparatus for separating individual panes from a laminated glass sheet - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for separating individual panes from a laminated glass sheet

Info

Publication number
EP2550129A1
EP2550129A1 EP11701667A EP11701667A EP2550129A1 EP 2550129 A1 EP2550129 A1 EP 2550129A1 EP 11701667 A EP11701667 A EP 11701667A EP 11701667 A EP11701667 A EP 11701667A EP 2550129 A1 EP2550129 A1 EP 2550129A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laser
laser beam
laminated glass
plastic film
glass sheet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11701667A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2550129B1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Kübler
Tobias Rist
Bernhard Hötger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority to PL11701667T priority Critical patent/PL2550129T3/en
Priority to SI201131452T priority patent/SI2550129T1/en
Publication of EP2550129A1 publication Critical patent/EP2550129A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2550129B1 publication Critical patent/EP2550129B1/en
Priority to HRP20180759TT priority patent/HRP20180759T1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
    • C03B33/07—Cutting armoured, multi-layered, coated or laminated, glass products
    • C03B33/076—Laminated glass comprising interlayers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/0006—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
    • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
    • B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
    • B23K26/0622—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses
    • B23K26/0624—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses using ultrashort pulses, i.e. pulses of 1ns or less
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
    • B23K26/354—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/36—Removing material
    • B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/50—Working by transmitting the laser beam through or within the workpiece
    • B23K26/55—Working by transmitting the laser beam through or within the workpiece for creating voids inside the workpiece, e.g. for forming flow passages or flow patterns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/50—Working by transmitting the laser beam through or within the workpiece
    • B23K26/57—Working by transmitting the laser beam through or within the workpiece the laser beam entering a face of the workpiece from which it is transmitted through the workpiece material to work on a different workpiece face, e.g. for effecting removal, fusion splicing, modifying or reforming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10807—Making laminated safety glass or glazing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B17/1099—After-treatment of the layered product, e.g. cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B43/00—Operations specially adapted for layered products and not otherwise provided for, e.g. repairing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B43/003—Cutting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
    • C03B33/02—Cutting or splitting sheet glass or ribbons; Apparatus or machines therefor
    • C03B33/0222—Scoring using a focussed radiation beam, e.g. laser
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
    • C03B33/02—Cutting or splitting sheet glass or ribbons; Apparatus or machines therefor
    • C03B33/04—Cutting or splitting in curves, especially for making spectacle lenses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
    • C03B33/09—Severing cooled glass by thermal shock
    • C03B33/091—Severing cooled glass by thermal shock using at least one focussed radiation beam, e.g. laser beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/16—Composite materials, e.g. fibre reinforced
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/30—Organic material
    • B23K2103/42—Plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for separating individual slices predetermined dimension from a composite glass sheet.
  • Laminated glass panels according to the invention are mainly planar or curved Rohglastafeln with z.
  • B a width of 3.3 m and a length of 9 m made of laminated safety glass (hereinafter also called VSG) but also in particular in photovoltaic systems used glass raw modules, usually a front glass and a back glass panel and dazwi- see a composite film of z ,
  • PVSG laminated safety glass
  • PVB polyvinyl butyral
  • Laminated safety glass usually consists of two or more superimposed clear glass sheets with the same or different thicknesses. Between the panes are composite plastic films - in the following also composite foil or Called film - from one or more layers. As a composite film usually Polyvinylbutyralfolien be used.
  • From JP-2004-182530A is known to separate in a single operation a composite glass panel in predetermined division line, by laser beams of laser devices to z. B. to produce isolated laminated glass panes of predetermined size.
  • a separating device which has an upstream first laser device and two adjacently arranged, subsequent second laser devices, passed over a laminated glass panel, wherein the laser beam of the pre-ordered laser device to heat the composite film between the laminated glass panel slices linearly and thereby through, while simultaneously heated with the downstream laser devices in the same operation, the respective composite glass panel and then the heated areas are to be cooled with coolant, wherein cracks are to be formed on the surface of the discs.
  • an ultrasonic device breaking the Verbundglastafelusionn shall be effected along the surface cracks.
  • the decomposition products of the film material produced by the laser beam are to be enclosed between the laminated glass pane panes and to remain sealed off from the outside atmosphere, so that there is no oxidation or burning of film material.
  • an initial surface crack emanating from a composite glass panel is additionally mechanically scored with a tool by means of a scoring device, and the laser beam for separating the film is applied only sufficiently removed from the edge of the laminated safety panel at the end of the scored crack. It has been attempted in the context of the present invention to rework the teaching of this prior art. It has been found that the laminated glass sheets burst after the laser treatment in the field of application of laser energy and an acceptable break edge quality, especially when breaking by bending the laminated glass slices is not achievable.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a simple method and a simple device, with which the laser beam technology, a separation of laminated glass from laminated glass panels with very good break edge quality is technically and economically possible.
  • the invention provides, for gaseous and possibly also liquid decomposition products which are formed by heat energy during lasering - also referred to below as fluids - to provide the composite glass plastic film with a possibility to open outwardly, for example. B. to the outside, ie to escape in the atmosphere surrounding the composite glass panel. It has been recognized within the scope of the present invention that in the known method the decomposition products of the composite film build up a high pressure between the laminated glass sheets and the adjacent glass material adjacent to the laser beam fired sheet produced in the composite film is heated very strongly and set under compressive strain.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically a side view of a device for lasing the laminated glass sheet between two laminated glass sheets
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a laid laser beam burning lane in the laminated glass sheet of a composite glass sheet;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a composite glass panel with laser beam focal point traces in the laminated glass sheet for separating model glass panes.
  • a laser beam trace generating device 1 for setting a laser beam focal spot channel 17 (hereinafter also referred to as a laser beam burning track or laser burning track or burning track) in a laminated glass sheet plastic film 4 sandwiched between two laminated glass sheets 2, 3 of a composite glass sheet 16 has a laser beam generating device 5 in which a laser beam having a predetermined energy is produced.
  • the term "laser beam focal point track channel” is used, for example, essentially for the linear, optionally still residues of decomposition products of the film, caused by the focal point of the laser beam foil material-free channel between the plate discs 2, 3, wherein the line-shaped track can be rectilinear or curved.
  • channel 17 also contiguous film components may be present, but they are structurally weakened that they can be pulled apart without significant force during or after the subsequent breaking. But it is also essential that the channel 17 passageways, z. B. material-free spaces and / or open pore structures, z, B. open channel pore structures for decomposition products (fluids) of the film up to at least one Felommenkante 18 ensures, so that the channel space can remain overpressure.
  • the laser beam is expediently via a light guide 6, z.
  • a focusing device 7 is guided, which penetrates the laser beam.
  • the focusing unit 7 supports in a carrier housing 8, which is expediently open on the outlet side.
  • In the focusing unit 7 is at the beam input side at least one collimator lens 9 and the beam output side at least one focusing lens 10 z. B. arranged in the form of an achromatic double lens. According to the invention is a z. B.
  • At least one gas line IIa having cleaning device 11 is provided, which is in communication with the support housing 8 and opens in the beam direction 12 behind the focusing lens 10 and with a particular oil-free and dust-free Spülgasström, z. B. nitrogen gas from the outside into the carrier housing 8 in and out again, the outer pollution of the optics, z. B. the lens 10, prevented by, for example, during laser flue gases.
  • This rinse is in the context of the invention in the expulsion of decomposition fluids from the film during the laser to the outside. Because flushing can prevent Vierden, that substances such.
  • B Fluids and / or hydrocarbons from the Reflash air on the surface of the lens 10 and possibly even burn there.
  • the carrier housing 8 of the laser beam generating device 1 according to the invention can, for. B. be arranged above or below a glass cutting support table 13 at a along the table 13 movable bridge device (not shown) and z. B. are automatically offset in the vertical and horizontal directions on the bridge, or it is stationary above or below the table 13 is arranged, and to be lipped composite glass panel 16 is shifted horizontally when lasing.
  • the focusing unit 7 collimates and focuses the laser beam 14 to a focal point 15, which is introduced into the plastic film 4 of the composite glass panel 16 and there weakens the film structure and / or brings to melting and / or decomposition.
  • the laser beam energy is selected so that it is the film material and not the generally made of clear glass glass material is excited.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a rectilinear burn trace 17, starting from a glass sheet edge 18 in the direction of the arrow 19 and introduced into the plastic film 4 between two laminated glass sheets 2, 3 by means of the focal point 15 of the laser beam 14, wherein the cross-sectional area of the burn sheet 17 z , B.
  • the laser is carried out in such a way that the burning track 17 always open during the progressive lasing of the track or during the linear decomposition of the film to the outside atmosphere 21 to the exit opening 20 z. B. ensured at a glass panel edge 18, so that during The laser continuously emerging fluid decomposition products, in particular decomposition gases, can escape from the opening 20 during the progressive lasing and builds no damaging overpressure in the burning trace 17.
  • a free combustion channel or a free burning track 17 is shown idealized. In reality, more or less burned or decomposed sheet material may be present in the burning track 17 after the lasering, which may be porous and ensures an open passage in the direction of the opening 20. Also, it is at the opening 20 is not always a round, free hole, as shown, but there may be opening open pores, z. B. channel pores in decomposition products or residual constituents of the composite film.
  • the laser beam destroys or decomposes at its focal point 15 by the generation of heat energy, the structure of the composite sheet material z. B. by melting and / or sublimation and / or burning, overpressure is generated, which is degraded in the direction of the outside atmosphere through the opening 20.
  • Contiguous residues of the composite foil may also remain in the burning lane 17, but these do not hinder a separation of the foil along the burning lane 17 after breaking and at least weaken the foil structure so that there is no longer any considerable resistance to separation.
  • the glass material of the laminated glass panels 2, 3 is zonally annealed from the sheet material in the narrower adjacent focal point environment.
  • hot exhaust steam or decomposition material, in particular of hot fluids, for. B. decomposition gases a rapid cooling of these glass zones causes, resulting in a lying within the glass material narrow., Permanent tensile zone on both sides of the burning trace in the glass structure.
  • the tensile stresses adjacent to the burning track produced according to the invention can positively support the fracture front coming from the surface when the glass material breaks after a scoring, so that breaking is not impeded but promoted. This results in very good edge qualities on the. broken single-edge edges.
  • relatively high compressive stresses and temperatures are generated which impair the breaking of the glass along a predetermined outer scratch track and cause undesired flaking of glass material.
  • the scoring can also take place immediately after the film has been decomposed. Separate cooling is not required.
  • the simplest way to ensure open passages in the fuel channel is to secure the outside atmosphere by attaching to a composite glass sheet edge with the focal point of the laser beam in the composite film forming an opening and thus progressing to the focal point in the film, always causing decomposition fluids from the opening emerge, which is usually visually recognizable.
  • the focal point diameter and / or the laser focal point energy on the film material and / or the film thickness and / or the glass sheet thickness and / or the glass material and / or the driving speed of the laser focal point in the composite film are in each case adapted empirically to one another.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates that the laser tracks 17 with outputs 20 open at a respective Verbundglastafelkante 18.
  • an auxiliary burner trace 17b is first of all started at a burning lane 17 which is open to a composite glass sheet edge 18 or at an edge 18 and then the self-contained burning lug 17a is produced, which is then connected to an auxiliary burning lane 17b open up to a panel edge 18, so that From the burning track 17a, during the firing, decomposition products can reach and escape to at least one outlet 20.
  • the laser burn marks 17, 17a, 17b are introduced independently of scoring marks of cutting tools of a glass fiber cutting saw in a separate operation, preferably before scoring, with wiping speed of the focal point in the film, e.g. between 0.1 and 30 m / min, in particular between 1 and 20 m / min, generates the burning track. It can be effected at lower speeds complete separation of the film, but this is not always required depending on the type of film, so that higher speeds can be sufficiently effective.
  • the scoring speed of a scoring tool of a glass cutting table is usually between 1 and 500, in particular between 120 and 300 m / min.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to produce the laser burning track independently of the scoring track, either on a stand-alone table system or on an existing glass panel - Cutting table system, which are equipped with a laser device according to the invention, or with a laser device leading robot.
  • the laser is inventively combined with the mechanical scoring of parting lines on the glass sheet surface, because the subsequent, along the scribe lines, the opposite z. B. above and Arranged below the laser burning lane, initiated breaking leads to optimal separation edge qualities.
  • the laser in the laser beam generating means 5 e.g. pulsed lasers with pulse frequencies between 5 hertz and 10 kilohertz can be used.
  • continuously operating continuous wave lasers are more suitable and preferred, laser powers according to the invention being between 20 and 500, in particular between 50 and 250, preferably with more than 50 Watts are used.
  • the lasers are preferably solid state lasers with wavelengths between 1.7 ⁇ and 2.8 ⁇ , in particular between 1.9 microns and 2.6 microns. Suitable z.
  • the following pesticide laser holmium laser
  • B. diode laser according to the invention can be used, provided that the laser beam can optically processed so that a focal spot with sufficiently high energy density can be generated.
  • the film damage focus diameter between 0.001 and 3.0 mm, in particular between 0.01 and 0.2 mm at z.
  • the laser method according to the invention is independent in time and space of the mechanical scribing can be performed because the damage to the film in the burning track is permanent.
  • the favorable for the breaking tension state of the glass material adjacent to the burning track is also permanent.
  • the laser generating device according to the invention can therefore be assigned to a known glass panel cutting table, wherein the carrier housing 8 z. B. can sit on a fixed or on the movable cutting bridge or on a movable independent bridge and how a cutting tool is arranged movably.
  • plastic films usually arranged between the glass sheet panes can also be processed by the laser process according to the invention.
  • Such films are z. B. from acrylate casting resins, polyethylene, thermoplastics, epoxy resins, polyesters, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane and polyalkylene terephthalate, which are optionally adapted to the respective application spectrum with plasticizers, tougheners and additives. It is also possible to use laminates of these materials in the form of a layered structure.
  • the film With the invention, it is possible to heat the film with the laser so that depending on the laser power to a liquefaction of the film, at elevated temperature for outgassing volatile film components and at very high energy densities and the burning of the film.
  • temperatures between 200 and 500, in particular between 300 and 400 ° C. are preferably produced.
  • the laser focus is moved into the film from outside the composite glass sheet edge. As a result, a channel which is open to the outside forms over the liquefied material as well as evaporation and decomposition gases can escape. This channeling is an essential condition for a successful separation of laminated glass.
  • a collimated laser beam having sufficient energy to decompose sheet material and having a relatively small diameter, e.g. B. between 20 and 500 microns, in particular between 25 and 40 microns.
  • La serstrahl - should be in terms of Brennstrahls , however, between 40 and 60 kJ / cm 2 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for separating at least one individual pane of predefined size and edge form from a laminated glass sheet, which has at least two laminated glass sheet panes which are arranged one above another in adjacent form and between which there is arranged a plastic film, which permanently bonds the laminated glass sheet panes to one another, wherein - a laser track channel which at least weakens the plastic structure of the plastic film is laid into the plastic film along predefined separating lines with the energy of a laser beam, e.g. of the focal point of a focussed laser beam or a parallel laser beam of adequate predefined energy, - the focal point is placed against an edge of the laminated glass sheet and the laser track channel is formed in such a manner that, as the laser process progresses, disintegration fluids arising from the plastic film can escape to the outside via the laser track channel, - then scored lines flush with the laser track channel are mechanically made in the two surfaces of the laminated glass sheet panes, and - then the glass material is broken along the scored lines by bending the laminated glass sheet or by the action of ultrasonic energy, and also to an apparatus for carrying out the process.

Description

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Heraustrennen von Einzelscheiben aus einer Verbundglastafel  Method and apparatus for separating single sheets from a composite glass sheet
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Heraustrennen von Einzelscheiben vorgegebener Abmessung aus einer Verbundglastafel . The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for separating individual slices predetermined dimension from a composite glass sheet.
Mit „Heraustrennen" von Einzelscheiben soll im Sinne der Erfindung das Ritzen der Glastafelscheibenoberflache entlang vorgegebener Trennlinien und Brechen, insbesondere durch Biegen oder durch Ultraschallenergie entlang der Ritzlinien ver¬ standen werden. By "separating out" of individual slices to be within the meaning of the invention, the scoring of the glass sheet disc surface along predetermined dividing lines and breaking, in particular by bending or by ultrasonic energy along the scribe lines ver ¬ stood.
Verbundglastafeln im Sinne der Erfindung sind hauptsächlich ebenflächige oder gekrümmte Rohglastafeln mit z. B. einer Breite von 3,3 m und einer Länge von 9 m aus Verbundsicherheitsglas (im Folgenden auch VSG genannt) aber auch insbesondere in Photovoltaikanlagen verwendete Glasrohmodule, die in der Regel eine Frontglas- und eine Rückglastafel und dazwi- sehen eine Verbundfolie aus z. B. Polyvinylbutyral (PVB) aufweisen . Laminated glass panels according to the invention are mainly planar or curved Rohglastafeln with z. B. a width of 3.3 m and a length of 9 m made of laminated safety glass (hereinafter also called VSG) but also in particular in photovoltaic systems used glass raw modules, usually a front glass and a back glass panel and dazwi- see a composite film of z , As polyvinyl butyral (PVB) have.
Verbundsicherheitsglas besteht meist aus zwei oder mehr übereinander angeordneten Klarglastafelscheiben mit gleicher oder unterschiedlicher Dicke. Zwischen den Scheiben befinden sich Verbundkunststofffolien - im Folgenden auch Verbundfolie oder Folie genannt - aus einer oder mehreren Lagen . Als Verbundfolie werden in der Regel Polyvinylbutyralfolien verwendet. Laminated safety glass usually consists of two or more superimposed clear glass sheets with the same or different thicknesses. Between the panes are composite plastic films - in the following also composite foil or Called film - from one or more layers. As a composite film usually Polyvinylbutyralfolien be used.
Umfangreicher Stand der Technik auf dem Sachgebiet wird z. B. in der EP 596 852 A1 beschrieben. Extensive state of the art in the field is z. As described in EP 596 852 A1.
Aus der JP-2004-182530A ist bekannt, in einem Arbeitsgang eine Verbundglastafel in vorgegebenen Aufteilungslinier, mittels Laserstrahlen von Lasereinrichtungen zu trennen, um z. B . vereinzelte VerbundglasScheiben vorgegebener Größe herzustellen. Dazu wird mit einer Trennvorrichtung, die eine vorgeordnete erste Lasereinrichtung und zwei sich gegenüberliegend angeordnete, nachfolgende zweite Läsereinrichtungen aufweist, über eine Verbundglastafel gefahren, wobei der Laserstrahl der vor- geordneten Lasereinrichtung die Verbundfolie zwischen den Verbundglastafelscheiben linienförmig erhitzen und dadurch durch- trennen soll, während gleichzeitig mit den nachgeordneten Lasereinrichtungen im gleichen Arbeitsgang die jeweilige Ver- bundglastafelscheibe linienförmig erhitzt und anschließend die erhitzten Bereiche mit Kühlmittel gekühlt werden sollen, wobei Risse an der Oberfläche der Scheiben gebildet werden sollen. Anschließend soll mit einer Ultraschalleinrichtung das Brechen der Verbundglastafelscheiben entlang der Oberflächenrisse bewirkt werden. From JP-2004-182530A is known to separate in a single operation a composite glass panel in predetermined division line, by laser beams of laser devices to z. B. to produce isolated laminated glass panes of predetermined size. For this purpose, with a separating device, which has an upstream first laser device and two adjacently arranged, subsequent second laser devices, passed over a laminated glass panel, wherein the laser beam of the pre-ordered laser device to heat the composite film between the laminated glass panel slices linearly and thereby through, while simultaneously heated with the downstream laser devices in the same operation, the respective composite glass panel and then the heated areas are to be cooled with coolant, wherein cracks are to be formed on the surface of the discs. Subsequently, with an ultrasonic device breaking the Verbundglastafelscheiben shall be effected along the surface cracks.
Bei diesem bekannten Verfahren sollen die durch den Laser- strahl erzeugten Zersetzungsprodukte des Folienmaterials zwischen den Verbundglastafelscheiben eingeschlossen und von der Außenatmosphäre abgeschottet bleiben, damit es nicht zu einer Oxidation bzw. Verbrennung von Folienmaterial kommt . Zu diesem Zweck wird zusätzlich mit einem Ritzgerät ein von einer Ver- bundglastafelscheibe ausgehender anfänglicher Oberflächenriss mit einem Werkzeug mechanisch geritzt und der Laserstrahl für das Trennen der Folie erst am Ende des geritzten Risses ausreichend entfernt von der Kante der VSG-Tafel angesetzt . Es ist im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung versucht worden, die Lehre dieses Standes der Technik nachzuarbeiten. Dabei ist festgestellt worden, dass die Verbundglastafelscheiben nach der Laserbehandlung im Bereich der Beaufschlagung mit Laserenergie zerplatzen und eine akzeptable Bruchkantenqualität, insbesondere beim Brechen durch Biegen der Verbundglastafel- scheiben nicht erreichbar ist. In this known method, the decomposition products of the film material produced by the laser beam are to be enclosed between the laminated glass pane panes and to remain sealed off from the outside atmosphere, so that there is no oxidation or burning of film material. For this purpose, an initial surface crack emanating from a composite glass panel is additionally mechanically scored with a tool by means of a scoring device, and the laser beam for separating the film is applied only sufficiently removed from the edge of the laminated safety panel at the end of the scored crack. It has been attempted in the context of the present invention to rework the teaching of this prior art. It has been found that the laminated glass sheets burst after the laser treatment in the field of application of laser energy and an acceptable break edge quality, especially when breaking by bending the laminated glass slices is not achievable.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist, ein einfaches Verfahren und eine einfache Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mit denen unter Einbeziehung der Laserstrahltechnik ein Heraustrennen von VerbundglasScheiben aus Verbundglastafeln mit sehr guter Bruchkantenqualität technisch und wirtschaftlich möglich ist. The object of the invention is to provide a simple method and a simple device, with which the laser beam technology, a separation of laminated glass from laminated glass panels with very good break edge quality is technically and economically possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 und 9 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung werden in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet. This object is solved by the features of claims 1 and 9. Advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.
Die Erfindung sieht vor, für während des Laserns durch Wärnieenergie entstehende gasförmige und gegebenenfalls auch flüssi- ge Zersetzungsprodukte - im Folgenden auch Fluide genannt - der verbundglaskunststofffolie eine Möglichkeit zu schaffen, nach außen z. B. ins Freie, d. h. in die die Verbundglastafel umgebende Atmosphäre zu entweichen. Es ist im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung erkannt worden, dass bei dem bekannten Verfahren die Zersetzungsprodukte der Verbundfolie einen hohen Druck zwischen den Verbundglastafelscheiben aufbauen und das neben der in der Verbundfolie erzeugten Laserstrahlbrennspur benachbarte Glasmaterial sehr stark erhitzt und unter bleibende Druckspannung gesetzt wird. Diese Druckspannung wirkt of- fenbar beim Brechen der Glastafel nach dem nachfolgenden Lasern der Glastafelscheibenoberflachen entlang der vorgegebenen Trennlinien dem von der Oberfläche der Glastafelscheiben ausgehenden Rissfortschritt entgegen, so dass Ausmuschelungen und Ausbruch im Kantenbereich entstehen, die die Kantenqualität derart beeinträchtigen, dass Ausschussware in inakzeptablem Umfang produziert wird. Selbst ein mechanisches Eitzen der Glastafelscheibenoberflächen anstelle des Laserns und das anschließende Brechen führen zu keinem brauchbaren Ergebnis. Anhand der Zeichnung wird die Erfindung im Folgenden beispielhaft näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung sind die Verhältnisse der dargestellten Abmessungen nicht der Wirklichkeit entsprechend; z. B. sind die Verbundglastafeln wesentlich größer im Verhältnis zum Durchmesser einer Laserstrahlbrennspur. Es zei- gen: The invention provides, for gaseous and possibly also liquid decomposition products which are formed by heat energy during lasering - also referred to below as fluids - to provide the composite glass plastic film with a possibility to open outwardly, for example. B. to the outside, ie to escape in the atmosphere surrounding the composite glass panel. It has been recognized within the scope of the present invention that in the known method the decomposition products of the composite film build up a high pressure between the laminated glass sheets and the adjacent glass material adjacent to the laser beam fired sheet produced in the composite film is heated very strongly and set under compressive strain. This compressive stress evidently counteracts the crack propagation emanating from the surface of the glass sheet slices when the glass sheet breaks after the subsequent laser cutting of the glass sheet slab surfaces along the predetermined separating lines, so that mussels and eruptions occur in the edge region which causes the edge quality such that rejects are produced to an unacceptable extent. Even mechanical jetting of the glass sheet wafer surfaces instead of lasing and subsequent breakage do not lead to a useful result. Reference to the drawing, the invention is explained in more detail below by way of example. In the drawing, the ratios of the dimensions shown are not in accordance with reality; z. For example, the laminated glass panels are substantially larger in proportion to the diameter of a laser beam burnout track. Show it:
Fig. 1 schematisch eine Seitenansicht einer Einrichtung zum Lasern der Verbundglastafelfolie zwischen zwei Verbundglastafelscheiben; Fig. 1 shows schematically a side view of a device for lasing the laminated glass sheet between two laminated glass sheets;
Fig. 2 schematisch und perspektivisch eine gelegte La- serstrahlbrennspur in der Verbundglastafelfolie einer Verbundglastafel ;  FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a laid laser beam burning lane in the laminated glass sheet of a composite glass sheet; FIG.
Fig. 3 schematisch und perspektivisch eine Verbund- glastafel mit gelegten Laserstrahlbrennpunkt- spuren in der Verbundglastafelfolie für das Trennen von Modellglasscheiben. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a composite glass panel with laser beam focal point traces in the laminated glass sheet for separating model glass panes.
Eine Laserstrahlspurerzeugungseinrichtung 1 zum Legen eines Laserstrahlbrennpunktspurkanals 17 {im Folgenden auch Laserstrahlbrennspur oder Laserbrennspur oder Brennspur genannt) in eine zwischen zwei Verbundglastafelscheiben 2, 3 einer Verbundglastafel 16 angeordnete Verbundglastafelkunststofffolie 4 weist gemäß Fig. 1 eine Laserstrahlerzeugungsvorrichtung 5 auf, in der ein Laserstrahl mit vorbestimmter Energie erzeugt wird. Mit dem Begriff „Laserstrahlbrennpunktspurkanal " wird im Rahmen der Erfindung der lineare , gegebenenfalls noch Reste von Zersetzungsprodukten der Folie enthaltende, durch den Brennpunkt des Laserstrahls bewirkte, z. B. im Wesentlichen folienmaterialbefreite Kanal zwischen den Tafelscheiben 2, 3 bezeichnet , wobei die linienförmige Spur geradlinig oder gekrümmt verlaufen kann. Im Kanal 17 können auch noch zusammenhängende Folienbestandteile vorhanden sein, die aber so strukturgeschwächt sind, dass sie ohne nennenswerten Kraftaufwand beim oder nach dem anschließenden Brechen auseinandergezogen werden können. Wesentlich ist aber auch dabei, dass der Kanal 17 Durchgangswege, z. B. materialfreie Räume und/oder offene Porenstrukturen, z, B. offene Kanalporenstrukturen für Zersetzungsprodukte (Fluide) der Folie bis zu mindestens einer Ta- felscheibenkante 18 gewährleistet, so dass der Kanalraum überdruckfrei bleiben kann. As shown in FIG. 1, a laser beam trace generating device 1 for setting a laser beam focal spot channel 17 (hereinafter also referred to as a laser beam burning track or laser burning track or burning track) in a laminated glass sheet plastic film 4 sandwiched between two laminated glass sheets 2, 3 of a composite glass sheet 16 has a laser beam generating device 5 in which a laser beam having a predetermined energy is produced. In the context of the invention, the term "laser beam focal point track channel" is used, for example, essentially for the linear, optionally still residues of decomposition products of the film, caused by the focal point of the laser beam foil material-free channel between the plate discs 2, 3, wherein the line-shaped track can be rectilinear or curved. In the channel 17 also contiguous film components may be present, but they are structurally weakened that they can be pulled apart without significant force during or after the subsequent breaking. But it is also essential that the channel 17 passageways, z. B. material-free spaces and / or open pore structures, z, B. open channel pore structures for decomposition products (fluids) of the film up to at least one Felscheibenkante 18 ensures, so that the channel space can remain overpressure.
Der Laserstrahl wird zweckmäßigerweise über ein Lichtleitkabel 6, z . B. ein Glasfaserkabel 6, in eine Laserstrahlrichtein- heit , z. B. eine Fokussiereinrichtung 7 geführt, die der Laserstrahl durchdringt. Die Fokussiereinheit 7 lagert in einem Trägergehäuse 8, das Strahlausgangsseitig zweckmäßigerweise offen ist. In der Fokussiereinheit 7 ist strahleingangsseitig mindestens eine Kollimatorlinse 9 und Strahlausgangsseitig mindestens eine Fokussierlinse 10 z. B. in Form einer achromatischen Doppellinse angeordnet. Erfindungsgemäß ist eine z. B. mindestens eine Gasleitung IIa aufweisende Reinigungseinrichtung 11 vorgesehen, die mit dem Trägergehäuse 8 in Verbindung steht und in Strahlrichtung 12 hinter der Fokussierlinse 10 einmündet und mit der ein insbesondere ölfreier und staubfreier Spülgasström, z. B. Stickstoffgas von außen in das Trägergehäuse 8 hinein und wieder heraus geleitet werden kann, der eine äußere Verschmutzung der Optik, z. B. der Linse 10, durch z. b. beim Lasern entstehende Rauchgase verhindert. Diese Spü- lung steht im erfindungsgemäßen Zusammenhang mit dem Austreiben von Zersetzungsfluiden aus der Folie beim Lasern ins Freie . Denn durch die Spülung kann verhindert Vierden, dass sich Stoffe, z. B. Fluide und/öder Kohlenwasserstoffe aus der Luft auf der Oberfläche der Linse 10 niederschlagen und gegebenenfalls sogar dort einbrennen. The laser beam is expediently via a light guide 6, z. As a fiber optic cable 6, in a Laserstrahlrichtein- unit, z. B. a focusing device 7 is guided, which penetrates the laser beam. The focusing unit 7 supports in a carrier housing 8, which is expediently open on the outlet side. In the focusing unit 7 is at the beam input side at least one collimator lens 9 and the beam output side at least one focusing lens 10 z. B. arranged in the form of an achromatic double lens. According to the invention is a z. B. at least one gas line IIa having cleaning device 11 is provided, which is in communication with the support housing 8 and opens in the beam direction 12 behind the focusing lens 10 and with a particular oil-free and dust-free Spülgasström, z. B. nitrogen gas from the outside into the carrier housing 8 in and out again, the outer pollution of the optics, z. B. the lens 10, prevented by, for example, during laser flue gases. This rinse is in the context of the invention in the expulsion of decomposition fluids from the film during the laser to the outside. Because flushing can prevent Vierden, that substances such. B. Fluids and / or hydrocarbons from the Reflash air on the surface of the lens 10 and possibly even burn there.
Das Trägergehäuse 8 der erfindungsgemäßen Laserstrahlspurer- zeugungseinrichtung 1 kann z. B . oberhalb oder unterhalb eines Glasschneideauflagetisches 13 an einer entlang des Tisches 13 verfahrbaren Brückeneinrichtung (nicht dargestellt) angeordnet sein und z. B. automatisch in vertikaler und horizontaler Richtung an der Brücke versetzt werden, oder sie wird ortsfest oberhalb oder unterhalb des Tisches 13 angeordnet, und die zu lasernde Verbundglastafel 16 wird horizontal beim Lasern verschoben . The carrier housing 8 of the laser beam generating device 1 according to the invention can, for. B. be arranged above or below a glass cutting support table 13 at a along the table 13 movable bridge device (not shown) and z. B. are automatically offset in the vertical and horizontal directions on the bridge, or it is stationary above or below the table 13 is arranged, and to be lipped composite glass panel 16 is shifted horizontally when lasing.
Die Fokussiereinheit 7 kollimiert und fokussiert den Laserstrahl 14 zu einem Brennpunkt 15, der in die Kunststofffolie 4 der Verbundglastafel 16 eingebracht wird und dort die Folienstruktur schwächt und/oder zum Schmelzen und/oder Zersetzen bringt. Dabei wird die Laserstrahlenergie so gewählt , dass damit das Folienmaterial und nicht das in der Regel aus Klarglas bestehende Glasmaterial angeregt wird. The focusing unit 7 collimates and focuses the laser beam 14 to a focal point 15, which is introduced into the plastic film 4 of the composite glass panel 16 and there weakens the film structure and / or brings to melting and / or decomposition. In this case, the laser beam energy is selected so that it is the film material and not the generally made of clear glass glass material is excited.
Fig. 2 zeigt schematisch eine geradlinige Brennspur 17, ausgehend erfindungsgemäß von einer Glastafelkante 18 in Richtung des Pfeiles 19 und eingebracht in die Kunststofffolie 4 zwischen zwei Verbundglastafelscheiben 2 , 3 mittels des Brenn- punktes 15 des Laserstrahls 14, wobei die Querschnittsfläche der Brennspur 17 z . B . größer ist als die senkrecht zur Richtung des Laserstrahls 14 liegende Brennpunktfläche des Brennpunkts 15. Wesentlich ist, dass das Lasern derart durchgeführt wird, dass die Brennspur 17 während des fortschreitenden Laserns der Spur bzw. während der linienförmigen Zersetzung der Folie zur Außenatmosphäre 21 immer offene Zuwege zur Ausgangsöffnung 20 z. B . an einer Glastafelkante 18 gewährleistet , so dass während des Lasems laufend entstehende fluide Zersetzungsprodukte, insbesondere Zersetzungsgase , aus der Öffnung 20 während des fortschreitenden Laserns entweichen können und sich kein schädigender Überdruck in der Brennspur 17 aufbaut. In Fig. 2 ist ein freier Brennkanal bzw. eine freie Brennspur 17 idealisiert dargestellt. In Wirklichkeit kann in der Brennspur 17 noch mehr oder weniger verbranntes bzw. zersetztes Folienmaterial nach dem Lasern vorhanden sein, das porös sein kann und einen offenen Durchgang jeweils in Richtung Öffnung 20 gewährleistet. Auch handelt es sich bei der Öffnung 20 nicht immer um ein rundes, freies Loch, wie abgebildet, sondern es können dort einmündende offene Poren, z. B. Kanalporen in Zersetzungsprodukten oder Restbestandteilen der Verbundfolie vorliegen. 2 schematically shows a rectilinear burn trace 17, starting from a glass sheet edge 18 in the direction of the arrow 19 and introduced into the plastic film 4 between two laminated glass sheets 2, 3 by means of the focal point 15 of the laser beam 14, wherein the cross-sectional area of the burn sheet 17 z , B. It is essential that the laser is carried out in such a way that the burning track 17 always open during the progressive lasing of the track or during the linear decomposition of the film to the outside atmosphere 21 to the exit opening 20 z. B. ensured at a glass panel edge 18, so that during The laser continuously emerging fluid decomposition products, in particular decomposition gases, can escape from the opening 20 during the progressive lasing and builds no damaging overpressure in the burning trace 17. In Fig. 2, a free combustion channel or a free burning track 17 is shown idealized. In reality, more or less burned or decomposed sheet material may be present in the burning track 17 after the lasering, which may be porous and ensures an open passage in the direction of the opening 20. Also, it is at the opening 20 is not always a round, free hole, as shown, but there may be opening open pores, z. B. channel pores in decomposition products or residual constituents of the composite film.
Der Laserstrahl zerstört oder zersetzt in seinem Brennpunkt 15 durch die Erzeugung von Wärmeenergie die Struktur des Verbundfolienmaterials z. B. durch Schmelzen und/oder Sublimieren und/oder Verbrennen, wobei Überdruck erzeugt wird, der in Richtung Außenatmosphäre über die Öffnung 20 abgebaut wird. In der Brennspur 17 können auch zusammenhängende Reststoffe der Verbundfolie verbleiben, die aber eine Trennung der Folie entlang der Brennspur 17 nach dem Brechen nicht behindern und die Folienstruktur zumindest so schwächen, dass kein beachtlicher Widerstand gegen das Trennen mehr vorhanden ist . The laser beam destroys or decomposes at its focal point 15 by the generation of heat energy, the structure of the composite sheet material z. B. by melting and / or sublimation and / or burning, overpressure is generated, which is degraded in the direction of the outside atmosphere through the opening 20. Contiguous residues of the composite foil may also remain in the burning lane 17, but these do not hinder a separation of the foil along the burning lane 17 after breaking and at least weaken the foil structure so that there is no longer any considerable resistance to separation.
Gleichzeitig mit einer derartigen Störung oder Zerstörung der Struktur des Folienmaterials wird im engeren benachbarten Brennpunktumfeld das Glasmaterial der Verbundglastafeln 2, 3 zonal vom Folienmaterial miterhitzt. Jedoch wird durch den Abtransport von heißem Abdampf bzw. Zersetzungsmaterial , insbesondere von heißen Fluiden, z. B. Zersetzungsgasen, eine schnelle Abkühlung dieser Glaszonen bewirkt, woraus eine innerhalb des Glasmaterials liegende schmale., bleibende Zugspan- nungszone beidseits der Brennspur in der Glasstruktur resultieren kann. Die erfindungsgemäß erzeugten Brennspur benachbarten Zugspannungen können die von der Oberfläche kommende Bruchfront beim Brechen des Glasmaterials nach einem Ritzen positiv unterstützen, so dass das Brechen nicht behindert son- dem gefördert wird. Dadurch ergeben sich sehr gute Kantenqualitäten an den. gebrochenen Einzelscheibenkanten. Beim Stand der Technik werden dagegen neben der Brennspur relativ hohe Druckspannungen und Temperaturen erzeugt, die das Brechen des Glases entlang einer vorgegebenen äußeren Ritzspur beeinträch- tigen und unerwünschte Abplatzungen von Glasmaterial verursachen. Simultaneously with such interference or destruction of the structure of the sheet material, the glass material of the laminated glass panels 2, 3 is zonally annealed from the sheet material in the narrower adjacent focal point environment. However, by the removal of hot exhaust steam or decomposition material, in particular of hot fluids, for. B. decomposition gases, a rapid cooling of these glass zones causes, resulting in a lying within the glass material narrow., Permanent tensile zone on both sides of the burning trace in the glass structure. The tensile stresses adjacent to the burning track produced according to the invention can positively support the fracture front coming from the surface when the glass material breaks after a scoring, so that breaking is not impeded but promoted. This results in very good edge qualities on the. broken single-edge edges. In the prior art, on the other hand, in addition to the burning track, relatively high compressive stresses and temperatures are generated which impair the breaking of the glass along a predetermined outer scratch track and cause undesired flaking of glass material.
Da das Glasmaterial im Umfeld der Brennspur beim erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren relativ kalt bleibt, kann auch das Ritzen un- mittelbar nach Zersetzen der Folie erfolgen. Eine gesonderte Abkühlung ist nicht erforderlich. Since the glass material in the vicinity of the burning track remains relatively cold in the method according to the invention, the scoring can also take place immediately after the film has been decomposed. Separate cooling is not required.
Am Einfachsten können zur Außenatmosphäre offene Durchgänge im Brennquerkanal gewährleistet werden, wenn man an einer Ver- bundglastafelkante mit dem Brennpunkt des Laserstrahls in der Verbundfolie ansetzt und eine Öffnung bildet und derart mit dem Brennpunkt in der Folie fortschreitet, dass immer Zerset- zungsfluide aus der Öffnung austreten, was meist optisch erkennbar ist. Dazu sind insbesondere der Brennpunktdurchmesser und/oder die Laserbrennpunktenergie auf das Folienmaterial und/oder die Foliendicke und/oder die Glastafeldicke und/oder das Glasmaterial und/oder die Fahrgeschwindigkeit des Laserbrennpunktes in der Verbundfolie jeweils empirisch aufeinander abzustimmen. The simplest way to ensure open passages in the fuel channel is to secure the outside atmosphere by attaching to a composite glass sheet edge with the focal point of the laser beam in the composite film forming an opening and thus progressing to the focal point in the film, always causing decomposition fluids from the opening emerge, which is usually visually recognizable. For this purpose, in particular the focal point diameter and / or the laser focal point energy on the film material and / or the film thickness and / or the glass sheet thickness and / or the glass material and / or the driving speed of the laser focal point in the composite film are in each case adapted empirically to one another.
Fig. 3 verdeutlicht, dass die Laserspuren 17 mit Ausgängen 20 an jeweils einer Verbundglastafelkante 18 münden. Sollten in sich geschlossene Brennpunktspuren 17a erzeugt werden für z. B. Modellglasscheiben, z. B. kreisrunde Brennspuren 17a, dann wird erfindungsgemäß zunächst mit einer Hilfsbreruaspur 17b an einer zu einer Verbundglastafelkante 18 offenen Brennspur 17 oder an einer Kante 18 begonnen und danach die in sich geschlossene Brennspur 17a erzeugt, die dann mit einer bis zu einer Tafelkante 18 offenen Hilfsbrennspur 17b in Verbindung steht, so dass aus der Brennspur 17a während des Brennens Zersetzungsprodukte bis zu mindestens einem Ausgang 20 gelangen und entweichen können. Fig. 3 illustrates that the laser tracks 17 with outputs 20 open at a respective Verbundglastafelkante 18. Should self-contained focus traces 17a be generated for e.g. B. model glass panes, z. B. circular burn marks 17a, then According to the invention, an auxiliary burner trace 17b is first of all started at a burning lane 17 which is open to a composite glass sheet edge 18 or at an edge 18 and then the self-contained burning lug 17a is produced, which is then connected to an auxiliary burning lane 17b open up to a panel edge 18, so that From the burning track 17a, during the firing, decomposition products can reach and escape to at least one outlet 20.
Nach der Erfindung werden die Laserbrennspuren 17, 17a, 17b unabhängig von Ritzspuren von Schneidwerkzeugen eines Glasta- felschneidetisehes in einem davon getrennten Arbeitsgang eingebracht und zwar vorzugsweise vor dem Ritzen, Dabei wix~d mit einer Vorschubgeschwindigkeit des Brennpunkts in der Folie z.B. zwischen 0,1 und 30 m/min, insbesondere zwischen 1 und 20 m/min, die Brennspur erzeugt. Dabei kann mit geringeren Geschwindigkeiten eine vollständige Trennung der Folie bewirkt werden, was aber je nach Folienart nicht immer erforderlich ist, so dass auch höhere Geschwindigkeiten ausreichend effektiv sein können. According to the invention, the laser burn marks 17, 17a, 17b are introduced independently of scoring marks of cutting tools of a glass fiber cutting saw in a separate operation, preferably before scoring, with wiping speed of the focal point in the film, e.g. between 0.1 and 30 m / min, in particular between 1 and 20 m / min, generates the burning track. It can be effected at lower speeds complete separation of the film, but this is not always required depending on the type of film, so that higher speeds can be sufficiently effective.
Dagegen liegt die Ritzgeschwindigkeit eines Ritzwerkzeuges eines Glasschneidetisches in der Regel zwischen 1 und 500, insbesondere sswischen 120 und 300 m/min, Die Erfindung ermöglicht es somit, die Laserbrennspur unabhängig von der Ritzspur zu erzeugen, entweder auf einer eigenständigen Tischanlage oder auf einer vorhandenen Glastafel- schneidetischanlage, die mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Lasereinrichtung bestückt sind, oder mit einem die Lasereinrichtung führenden Roboter. In jedem Fall ist das Lasern erfindungsgemäß mit dem mechanischen Ritzen von Trennlinien auf der Glastafeloberfläche kombiniert, weil das anschließende, entlang den Ritzlinien, die sich gegenüberliegend z. B. oberhalb und unterhalb der Laserbrennspur fluchtend angeordnet sind, eingeleitete Brechen zu optimalen Trennkantenqualitäten führt. In contrast, the scoring speed of a scoring tool of a glass cutting table is usually between 1 and 500, in particular between 120 and 300 m / min. The invention thus makes it possible to produce the laser burning track independently of the scoring track, either on a stand-alone table system or on an existing glass panel - Cutting table system, which are equipped with a laser device according to the invention, or with a laser device leading robot. In any case, the laser is inventively combined with the mechanical scoring of parting lines on the glass sheet surface, because the subsequent, along the scribe lines, the opposite z. B. above and Arranged below the laser burning lane, initiated breaking leads to optimal separation edge qualities.
Die jeweilige Wahl der Geschwindigkeit, mit der gelasert und geritzt wird, ist empirisch zu ermitteln, weil sehr viele Pa- rameter zur Optimierung des Verfahrens berücksichtigt werden müssen . The respective choice of the speed with which laser-cut and scratched is to be determined empirically, because very many parameters have to be taken into account for the optimization of the method.
Als Laser in der Laserstrahlerzeugungseinrichtung 5 können z.B. gepulst arbeitende Laser mit Pulsfrequenzen zwischen 5 Hertz und 10 Kilohertz verwendet werden. Zur Optimierung der Zersetzung durch den Brennpunkt des Laserstrahls in der Folie sind jedoch kontinuierlich arbeitende Dauerstrich-Laser {continuous wave laser) geeigneter und werden bevorzugt, wobei er- findungsgemäße Laserleistungen zwischen 20 und 500, insbesondere zwischen 50 und 250, vorzugsweise mit mehr als 50 Watt verwendet werden. Die Laser sind vorzugsweise Festkörperlaser mit Wellenlängen zwischen 1,7 μιτι und 2,8 μττι, insbesondere zwischen 1,9 μm und 2,6 μm. Geeignet sind z. B. folgende Peststofflaser : Holmium Laser  As the laser in the laser beam generating means 5, e.g. pulsed lasers with pulse frequencies between 5 hertz and 10 kilohertz can be used. To optimize the decomposition by the focal point of the laser beam in the film, however, continuously operating continuous wave lasers are more suitable and preferred, laser powers according to the invention being between 20 and 500, in particular between 50 and 250, preferably with more than 50 Watts are used. The lasers are preferably solid state lasers with wavelengths between 1.7 μιτι and 2.8 μττι, in particular between 1.9 microns and 2.6 microns. Suitable z. For example, the following pesticide laser: holmium laser
Thulium Laser  Thulium laser
Prinzipiell sind auch andere Laserstrahlquellen wie z. B. Diodenlaser erfindungsgemäß einsetzbar, sofern sich der Laser- strahl optisch so weiterverarbeiten lässt, dass ein Brennfleck mit ausreichend hoher Energiedichte erzeugt werden kann. In principle, other laser sources such. B. diode laser according to the invention can be used, provided that the laser beam can optically processed so that a focal spot with sufficiently high energy density can be generated.
Vorzugsweise werden für die Folienschädigung Brennpunktdurchmesser zwischen 0,001 und 3,0 mm, insbesondere zwischen 0,01 und 0,2 mm bei z . B . Brennweiten der Fokussiereinheit zwischen 10 und 100 mm, insbesondere zwischen 20 und 50 mm verwendet . Preferably, for the film damage focus diameter between 0.001 and 3.0 mm, in particular between 0.01 and 0.2 mm at z. B. Focal lengths of the focusing unit between 10 and 100 mm, in particular between 20 and 50 mm used.
Es ist ein Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Laserverfahrens, dass es zeitlich und örtlich unabhängig von dem mechanischen Ritzen durchgeführt werden kann, weil die Schädigung der Folie in der Brennspur dauerhaft ist. Zudem ist der für das Brechen günstige Zugspannungszustand des Glasmaterials benachbart der Brennspur ebenfalls dauerhaft. Die erfindungsgemäße Lasererzeugungseinrichtung kann deshalb zweckmäßigerweise einem an sich bekannten Glastafelschneidetisch zugeordnet werden, wobei das Trägergehäuse 8 z. B. an einer feststehenden oder an dessen verfahrbaren Schneidbrücke oder an einer davon unabhängigen, verfahrbaren Brücke sitzen kann und wie ein Schneidwerkzeug daran verfahrbar angeordnet ist. It is an advantage of the laser method according to the invention that it is independent in time and space of the mechanical scribing can be performed because the damage to the film in the burning track is permanent. In addition, the favorable for the breaking tension state of the glass material adjacent to the burning track is also permanent. The laser generating device according to the invention can therefore be assigned to a known glass panel cutting table, wherein the carrier housing 8 z. B. can sit on a fixed or on the movable cutting bridge or on a movable independent bridge and how a cutting tool is arranged movably.
Neben PVB-Folien können auch alle anderen üblicherweise zwischen den Glastafelscheiben angeordneten Kunststofffolien nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Laserverfahren bearbeitet werden. Solche Folien sind z. B . aus Acrylat-Gießharzen, Polyethylen, Thermo- plasten, Epoxid-Harzen, Polyester, Polycarbonat , Polyvinylchlorid, Polyurethan und Polyalkylen-Terephthalat , die gegebenenfalls mit Weichmacher, Zähmodifikatoren und Additivierungen den jeweiligen Anwendungsspektrum angepasst sind. Verwendbar sind auch Laminate dieser Materialien in Form von einem Schichtaufbau . In addition to PVB films, all other plastic films usually arranged between the glass sheet panes can also be processed by the laser process according to the invention. Such films are z. B. from acrylate casting resins, polyethylene, thermoplastics, epoxy resins, polyesters, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane and polyalkylene terephthalate, which are optionally adapted to the respective application spectrum with plasticizers, tougheners and additives. It is also possible to use laminates of these materials in the form of a layered structure.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren können alle gängigen Foliendicken z . B . von Verbundsicherheitsgläsern von z. B . 0,38 bis 3,8 mm bearbeitet werden, With the method according to the invention all common film thicknesses z. B. of laminated safety glass of z. B. 0.38 to 3.8 mm are machined,
Für das mechanische Ritzen kann z . B. ein an sich bekanntes Schneidrädchenwerkzeug oder eine an sich bekannte Sandstrahleinrichtung oder eine an sich bekannte Wasserstrahleinrichtung oder ein hybrides Trennen (Anritzen mit anschließendem Trennen mit Wärmeenergie) eingesetzt werden, die eine linienförmige Ritzspur erzeugen, die beim Biegen der Glastafel als Rissursprung fungiert, von dem eine Rissfront ausgeht , die in die Tiefe des Glasmaterials fortschreitet bis zur Laserbrennspur, wobei - wie oben schon erwähnt - die Zugspannungen im Glasma- terial benachbart zur Laserspur die Rissfront beschleunigen können, woraus eine hervorragende Bruchkantenqualität resultiert. For mechanical scribing z. B. a per se known Schneidrädchenwerkzeug or a known sand blasting or a per se known water jet or a hybrid separation (scoring with subsequent separation with thermal energy) are used, which produce a line-shaped Ritzspur that acts as a crack origin during bending of the glass sheet of which emanates a crack front, which progresses into the depth of the glass material up to the laser burning lane, wherein - as already mentioned above - the tensile stresses in the glassmask adjacent to the laser track can accelerate the crack front, resulting in an excellent breakline quality results.
Mit der Erfindung ist es möglich, die Folie mit dem Laser so zu erwärmen, dass es je nach Laserleistung zu einer Verflüssigung der Folie, bei erhöhter Temperatur zum Ausgasen flüchtiger Folienbestandteile und bei sehr hohen Energiedichten auch zum Abbrand der Folie kommt. Für eine PVB-Folie werden vorzugsweise Temperaturen zwischen 200 und 500 insbesondere zwi- sehen 300 und 400°C erzeugt. Für einen erfindungsgemäßen stabilen Prozess, der ohne Delaminationsblasen nahe der Brennspur, die beim Stand dex- Technik durch einen teilweisen Druckabbau infolge eines geschlossenen Kanals auftreten, abläuft, wird der Laserbrennpunkt von außerhalb der Verbundglastafel- kante in die Folie hineinbewegt. Dadurch bildet sich ein nach außen hin offener Kanal über den verflüssigtes Material wie auch Verdampfungs- und Zersetzungsgase entweichen können. Diese Kanalbildung ist eine wesentliche Bedingung für ein erfolgreiches Trennen von Verbundglas. With the invention, it is possible to heat the film with the laser so that depending on the laser power to a liquefaction of the film, at elevated temperature for outgassing volatile film components and at very high energy densities and the burning of the film. For a PVB film, temperatures between 200 and 500, in particular between 300 and 400 ° C., are preferably produced. For a stable process according to the present invention, which proceeds without delamination bubbles near the burnout trace which occur in the prior art by a partial pressure reduction due to a closed channel, the laser focus is moved into the film from outside the composite glass sheet edge. As a result, a channel which is open to the outside forms over the liquefied material as well as evaporation and decomposition gases can escape. This channeling is an essential condition for a successful separation of laminated glass.
Es liegt im Rahmen der Erfindung, einen parallel ausgerichteten Laserstrahl zu verwenden, der eine ausreichende Energie zum Zersetzen von Folienmaterial aufweist und einen relativ geringen Durchmesser hat, z . B. zwischen 20 und 500 μm, insbe- sondere zwischen 25 und 40 μm. It is within the scope of the invention to use a collimated laser beam having sufficient energy to decompose sheet material and having a relatively small diameter, e.g. B. between 20 and 500 microns, in particular between 25 and 40 microns.
In beiden Ausführungsformen - fokussierter oder paralleler La serstrahl - sollte bezüglich des Brennstrahls zweckmäßigerwei se die Laserenergiedichte im Bereich der Folie > 30 kJ/cm2 sein, insbesondere zwischen 40 und 60 kJ/cm2 liegen. In both embodiments - focused or parallel La serstrahl - should be in terms of Brennstrahls zweckmäßigerwei se the laser energy density in the film> 30 kJ / cm 2 , in particular between 40 and 60 kJ / cm 2 .

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Verfahren zum Heraustrennen mindestens einer Einzelscheibe vorgegebener Abmessung und Kantenform aus einer Verbundglastafel (16) , die mindestens zwei benachbart über- einander angeordnete Verbundglastafelscheiben (2, 3) aufweist, zwischen denen eine Kunststofffolie (4 ) angeordnet ist, die die Verbundglastafelscheiben (2, 3) miteinander fest verbindet, 1. Method for removing at least one individual pane of predetermined dimensions and edge shape from a laminated glass panel (16), which has at least two laminated glass panels (2, 3) arranged one above the other, between which a plastic film (4) is arranged, which covers the laminated glass panels (2 , 3) connects firmly to each other,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d. a s s d a d u r c h g e k e n n n e t, d. a s s
- in die Kunststofffolie (4) mit der Energie eines Laserstrahls, insbesondere des Brennpunkts (15) eines fokussierten Laserstrahls (14) oder eines parallelen Laserstrahls ausreichender vorgegebener Energie ein die Kunststoffstruktur der Kunststofffolie (4) zu- mindest schwächender Laserspurkanal (17) entlang vorgegebener Trennlinien gelegt wird - Into the plastic film (4) with the energy of a laser beam, in particular the focal point (15) of a focused laser beam (14) or a parallel laser beam of sufficient predetermined energy, a laser track channel (17) which at least weakens the plastic structure of the plastic film (4) along predetermined Separating lines are laid
- der Brennpunkt (15) an einer Verbundglastafelkante (18) angesetzt und der Laserspurkanal (17) derart ausgebildet wird, dass während des fortschreitenden Laserns aus der Kunststofffolie entstehende Zerset- zungsfluide über den Laserspurkanal (17) ins Freie entweichen können - the focal point (15) is set on a composite glass panel edge (18) and the laser track channel (17) is designed in such a way that decomposition fluids arising from the plastic film during progressive lasering can escape into the open via the laser track channel (17).
- danach mechanisch Ritzlinien fluchtend zum Laserspurkanal (17) in die beiden Oberflächen der Verbund- glastafelscheiben (2, 3} eingebracht werden und - then mechanically score lines are introduced into the two surfaces of the laminated glass panels (2, 3} in alignment with the laser track channel (17) and
- anschließend durch Biegen der Verbundglastafel (16) oder durch Einwirken von Ultraschallenergie das Glasmaterial entlang der Ritzlinien gebrochen wird . - The glass material is then broken along the scoring lines by bending the laminated glass panel (16) or by applying ultrasonic energy.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2. Method according to claim 1,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s mit einer Laserstrahlenergie zwischen 20 und 250 , insbesondere zwischen 50 und 120 Watt und insbesondere mit Laserwellenlängen zwischen 1,7 μm und 2,8 μm, insbesondere zwischen 1,9 μιη und 2,6 μm gelasert wird, This means that lasering is carried out with a laser beam energy between 20 and 250, in particular between 50 and 120 watts and in particular with laser wavelengths between 1.7 μm and 2.8 μm, in particular between 1.9 μm and 2.6 μm,
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und/oder 2, 3. Method according to claim 1 and/or 2,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s mit Brennpunktdurchmessern oder Brennstrahldurchmessern zwischen 0 , 001 mm und 3 mm, insbesondere zwischen 0 , 01 und 0,2 mm gelasert wird. This means that it is lasered with focal point diameters or focal beam diameters between 0.001 mm and 3 mm, in particular between 0.01 and 0.2 mm.
4. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3 , d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s mit Vorschubgeschwindigkeiten des Brennpunkts (15) zwischen 0,1 und 100 m/min, insbesondere zwischen 0,4 und 5 m/min gelasert wird. 4. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that lasering is carried out at feed speeds of the focal point (15) between 0.1 and 100 m/min, in particular between 0.4 and 5 m/min.
5. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s das Ritzen mit Vorschubgeschwindigkeiten zwischen 1 und 500 , insbesondere zwischen 120 und 300 m/min geritzt wird. 5. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the scoring is scored at feed speeds between 1 and 500, in particular between 120 and 300 m/min.
6. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s ein gepulster Laser, insbesondere mit Pulsfrequenzen zwischen 5 Hertz und 10 Kilohertz , insbesondere zwischen 10 und 40 Hertz verwendet wird. 6. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a pulsed laser, in particular with pulse frequencies between 5 Hertz and 10 kilohertz, in particular between 10 and 40 Hertz, is used.
7. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 , d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s ein Dauerstrich-Laser verwendet wird . Verfahren nach Anspruch 7 , 7. The method according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a continuous wave laser is used. Method according to claim 7,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s als Laser ein Holmium YAG Laser oder Thulium dotierter Laser oder Diodenlaser oder Titansaphir-This means that the laser is a holmium YAG laser or thulium-doped laser or diode laser or titanium sapphire.
Ultrakurzpulslaser verwendet wird. Ultrashort pulse laser is used.
Verwendung einer Vorrichtung zum Heraustrennen mindestens einer Einzelscheibe vorgegebener Abmessungen aus einer Verbundglastafel (16} , die mindestens zwei Verbundglastafelscheiben (2, 3) aufweist, zwischen denen eine Kunststofffolie (4) angeordnet ist, die die Verbundglastafel- Scheiben (2, 3) miteinander fest verbindet, zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, bestehend aus einer Laserstrahlspurerzeu- gungseinrichtung (1) zum Legen eines Laserstrahlbrennpunktspurkanals (17) in die Kunststofffolie (4) , aufweisend Use of a device for separating at least one individual pane of predetermined dimensions from a laminated glass panel (16}, which has at least two laminated glass panel panes (2, 3), between which a plastic film (4) is arranged, which secures the laminated glass panel panes (2, 3) to one another connects, for carrying out the method according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, consisting of a laser beam track generating device (1) for laying a laser beam focal point track channel (17) in the plastic film (4).
- eine Laserstrahlerzeugungsvorrichtung (5) - a laser beam generating device (5)
- eine Laserstrahlrichteinheit im Strahlengang des Laserstrahls der Laserstrahlerzeugungsvorrichtung (5) , wobei die Laserstrahlrichteinheit aufweist - A laser beam directing unit in the beam path of the laser beam of the laser beam generating device (5), the laser beam directing unit having
ein Trägergehäuse (8) a carrier housing (8)
im Trägergehäuse (8) ein Linsensystem a lens system in the carrier housing (8).
eine im Strahlengang dem Linsensystem nachgeordnete, eine Verschmutzung des Linsensystems von außen verhindernde Reinigungseinrichtung (11) . Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9 , a cleaning device (11) arranged downstream of the lens system in the beam path and preventing contamination of the lens system from the outside. Device according to claim 9,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , d a s s die Laserstrahlrichteinheit eine Fokussiereinheit (7) ist und im Trägergehäuse This means that the laser beam directing unit is a focusing unit (7) and in the carrier housing
(8) strahleingangsseitig mindestens eine Kollimatorlinse (8) at least one collimator lens on the beam input side
(9) und strahlausgangsseitig mindestens eine Fokussierlinse (9) and at least one focusing lens on the beam output side
(10) angeordnet ist, wobei im Strahlengang (12) der Fokussierlinse (10} nachgeordnet die Reinigungseinheit (11) angeordnet ist. (10) is arranged, wherein in The beam path (12) of the focusing lens (10} is arranged downstream of the cleaning unit (11).
11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9 und/oder 10, 11. Device according to claim 9 and / or 10,
g e k e n n z e i c h n e t d u r c h marked by
ein Lichtleitkabel (6) , vorzugsweise ein Glasfaserkabel, zwischen der Laserstrahlerzeugungsvorrichtung (5) und der Fokussiereinheit (7) , das den Laserstrahl von der Laserstrahlerzeugungsvorrichtung (5) in die Fokussiereinheit (7) leitet. a light guide cable (6), preferably a fiber optic cable, between the laser beam generating device (5) and the focusing unit (7), which guides the laser beam from the laser beam generating device (5) into the focusing unit (7).
12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, 12. Device according to one of claims 9 to 11,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die Reinigungseinrichtung (11) eine Spülgasstromerzeu- gungseinrichtung ist, mit der ein Spülgasstrom in das Gehäuse (8) hineingebracht und wieder herausgeleitet werden kann. This means that the cleaning device (11) is a purge gas stream generating device with which a purge gas stream can be brought into the housing (8) and led out again.
13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12 , 13. Device according to claim 12,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s die Reinigungseinrichtung (11) mindestens eine Gasleitung This means that the cleaning device (11) has at least one gas line
(IIa) aufweist, die derart angeordnet ist, dass damit von außen in das Gehäuse (8) hinein der Spülgasstrom leitbar ist . (IIa), which is arranged in such a way that the purge gas flow can be conducted from the outside into the housing (8).
14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12 und/oder 13 , 14. Device according to claim 12 and / or 13,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s das Gehäuse ( 8 ) Strahlausgangsseitig offen ist, so dass der Spülgasstrom frei entweichen kann und der Laserstrahl (14) in einen Freiräum gestrahlt wird. This means that the housing (8) is open on the beam output side, so that the purge gas stream can escape freely and the laser beam (14) is radiated into a free space.
15. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 und 11 bis 14, 15. Device according to one of claims 9 and 11 to 14,
d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, d a s s das Linsensystem der Laserstrahlrichteinheit derart ausgebildet ist, dass ein parallel ausgerichteter Laserstrahl erzeugt wird . characterized in that the lens system of the laser beam directing unit is designed such that a parallel aligned laser beam is generated.
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DK2550129T3 (en) 2018-06-14
DE102010012265B4 (en) 2012-09-06
WO2011117006A1 (en) 2011-09-29
PL2550129T3 (en) 2018-08-31
ES2663001T3 (en) 2018-04-10
HRP20180759T1 (en) 2018-06-15
PT2550129T (en) 2018-03-28
LT2550129T (en) 2018-07-10
EP2550129B1 (en) 2018-02-28
DE102010012265A1 (en) 2011-11-17
SI2550129T1 (en) 2018-06-29

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