EP2545629A2 - Dispositif pour charger une batterie - Google Patents

Dispositif pour charger une batterie

Info

Publication number
EP2545629A2
EP2545629A2 EP10750123A EP10750123A EP2545629A2 EP 2545629 A2 EP2545629 A2 EP 2545629A2 EP 10750123 A EP10750123 A EP 10750123A EP 10750123 A EP10750123 A EP 10750123A EP 2545629 A2 EP2545629 A2 EP 2545629A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transistor
current
charging
voltage
battery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10750123A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Guenter Lohr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2545629A2 publication Critical patent/EP2545629A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for charging a battery.
  • the device should in particular be suitable for charging batteries whose charge is voltage-controlled, as is the case, for example, with lithium-ion batteries or lead-acid batteries.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide an improved device for charging a battery.
  • the device comprises a device for charging a battery, with a transistor through which a charging current from a voltage source flows into the battery connected to the device and to the control input of a current source is connected, which adjusts the control current for the transistor so that the Transistor switches off when a predefined maximum charging voltage at the battery is reached and thus interrupts the charging current flow, the current source selecting the control current of the transistor.
  • the charging is set so that the transistor is operated out of saturation.
  • a voltage drop of the device along the entire current path between the voltage source and the battery is minimized, and therefore a power loss of the device compared to known solutions can be reduced.
  • a heating of the device during operation can thus be minimized, which is particularly advantageous for protection against accidents of a user and to avoid thermal stress on the battery during the charging process.
  • the voltage source can be dimensioned smaller by the amount of the reduced voltage drop, whereby further cost savings can be achieved.
  • the power source may be operated at a voltage applied between a terminal of the voltage source and a terminal of the transistor leading to the other terminal of the voltage source.
  • the transistor may comprise, for example, a collector and an emitter terminal, one of which is connected to the battery and the other to a terminal of the voltage source.
  • the current source may be connected to the terminal of the transistor connected to the voltage source and to the other terminal of the voltage source.
  • the transistor is of the NPN type, its collector is connected to a positive terminal of the power supply and its emitter to a positive terminal of the battery.
  • the current source comprises a second and a third transistor which are of the PNP type, wherein a control input of the second transistor is connected to an emitter of the third transistor and a control input of the third transistor is connected to a collector of the second transistor and wherein an E-mitter of the third transistor is connected via a resistor to the collector of the first transistor.
  • the current source can be constructed such that adjusts a constant voltage to the resistor, so that a current of the current source can be adjusted by a suitable dimensioning of the resistor.
  • a Zener diode is connected to the control input of the first transistor whose zener voltage is exceeded upon reaching the predetermined maximum charging voltage to the battery, wherein the majority of the control current supplied by the current source flows through the Zener diode, so that the control current for the first transistor so becomes small that the first transistor opens and thus interrupts the charging current flow.
  • a charge end circuit may be provided which, in the case of a sinking base current of the first transistor, influences the current source in the manner of a positive feedback in such a way that the current provided by the current source further drops.
  • the positive feedback ensures a particularly reliable and well-defined shutdown of the charging current at the end of the charging process.
  • a display circuit which is connected to a signal of the power source.
  • the display circuit provides, during a charging process of the battery, for example, an optical signal, so that a user of the device is informed about a continuation of the charging process.
  • the indicator circuit may be connected, for example, to the control input of the third transistor, whereby a simple and reliable signaling can be achieved without requiring a separate device for determining the flow of the charging current, which usually causes generating and determining a voltage drop in the current path. Disclosure of the invention
  • the circuit 100 shown in the drawing for charging a battery is suitable, for example, for use with a battery of a hand tool such as a cordless screwdriver or a similar device.
  • the circuit 100 has two input terminals 1 and 2, to which a voltage source, not shown, for example, a power supply is connected, and two output terminals 3 and 4, to which a battery to be charged B is connected.
  • the battery B to be charged is, for example, a lithium-ion battery or a lead-acid battery.
  • the terminal 3 is at the positive potential of the battery B, and the terminal 4 is grounded.
  • the voltage source preferably has an internal resistance which is greater than zero.
  • the internal resistance may be due to the design of the voltage source, for example, a so-called "soft" transformer with a high number of windings with a relatively thin winding wire can be used in a power supply unit Alternatively or additionally, a circuit for limiting the current and / or a series resistance in the A power supply with a capacitor connected in parallel to the output of the power supply unit, as used for seven of a sine wave voltage rectified in the power supply, may otherwise cause a very high current to flow immediately after connecting the circuit 100 to the power supply unit Transistor V3-2 can turn on, so that, as explained below, a charging of the battery B does not begin.
  • a longitudinal diode (not shown) can be provided in the region of one of the input terminals 1, 2, through which the current of the circuit 100 can flow only in the intended direction.
  • the transistor V1 is of the NPN type and connected as a transistor.
  • the transistor V1 has a collector C, which leads to the positive terminal 1 of the power supply, and an emitter E, which leads to the battery B. Further, a control terminal (base) B of the transistor V1 is provided.
  • a voltage drop of the circuit 100 in the charging current path amounts to a total of approximately 1.3-3.1V and is composed of the collector-base voltage U C B and the base-emitter voltage UBE of the transistor V1.
  • the second input terminal 2 and the second output terminal 4 are each connected to ground potential.
  • its control input (the base) must be supplied with a sufficient control current.
  • This control current is provided by a current source constructed around PNP transistors V4-2 and V3-1 and resistors R1 and R4.
  • the base of the transistor V4-2 is connected to the emitter of the transistor V3-1 and the base of the transistor V3-1 is connected to the collector of the transistor V4-2.
  • the emitter of the transistor V3-1 is connected via the resistor R1 to the emitter of the transistor V4-2, wherein the emitter of the transistor V4-2 to the collector C of the transistor V1 and the positive terminal 1 of the
  • a resistor R4 leads to ground.
  • the collector of the transistor V3-1 is connected to the base of the transistor V1 and via a Zener diode V2, which is connected in parallel with a resistor R2, to ground.
  • the transistor V3-1 is driven by a current flowing through the resistor R4. As a result, the transistor V3-1 opens so far that a current flows through the resistor R1 and a voltage across the resistor R1 drops. The voltage drop across the resistor R1 corresponds to the emitter-base voltage U E B of the transistor V4-2. The collector current of the transistor V4-2 flows into the resistor R4, so that the transistor V3-1 receives a reduced base current and allows a smaller current to flow through the resistor R1. By the mutual control of the transistors V4-2 and V3-1, a current through the resistor, which leads to a voltage drop across the resistor R1 of typically 0.6 V, is established.
  • the current of the current source is thus determined as the quotient of 0.6 V and the resistor R1. If the sum of the battery voltage and the base-emitter voltage U B E of the transistor V1 is smaller than the zener voltage of the zener diode V2, the current provided by the current source flows almost completely into the base of the transistor V1 and keeps it conducting. Only a small part of the current flows through the parallel to the Zener diode V2 resistor R2 to ground.
  • the current in the base of the transistor V1 can be controlled by this a charging current for the battery B, which is for example in the range of 250 mA for a lithium-ion battery of a cordless screwdriver. As soon as the sum of the charging voltage of battery B at terminal 3 and the base-emitter
  • a display circuit is constructed around a PNP transistor V4-1, resistors R5 and R6 and a light emitting diode (LED) V6.
  • the emitter of the transistor V4-1 is connected to the collector C of the transistor V1; the collector of the transistor V4-1 is connected to ground through the resistor R6 and the light emitting diode V6.
  • the base of the transistor V4-1 is connected through the resistor R5 to the collector of the transistor V4-2.
  • the emitter-collector voltage UEC of the transistor V4-2 which is composed of the emitter-base voltage UEB of the transistor V4-2 and the emitter-base voltage U E B of the transistor V3-1, is approximately 1, 2 V.
  • a charge end circuit is constructed around the PNP transistor V3-2, the resistor R3 and the capacitor C1.
  • the capacitor C1 is connected on the one hand to the base and on the other hand to the emitter of the transistor V3-2.
  • a resistor R3 leads to the base of the transistor V1.
  • the collector of the transistor V3-2 is connected to the base of the transistor V3-1 and the Emitter of the transistor V3-2 connected to the base of the transistor V4-2.
  • the end of the charging process is reached as soon as the battery voltage reaches a permissible charging voltage.
  • the current provided by the current source must now be adjusted so that the collector-base voltage of the transistor VI increases.
  • the voltage at the zener diode V2 With increasing battery voltage of the battery B, the voltage at the zener diode V2 also increases.
  • the zener diode V2 has a differential resistance, through which then flows an enlarged current. Consequently, since the current supplied by the current source is constant, the base current of the transistor V1 decreases. As a result, the collector-base voltage U C B of the transistor V3-1 also increases, so that the capacitor C1 is charged via the resistor R3. If the voltage across capacitor C1 is sufficiently high, transistor V3-1 will turn on and short the emitter-base path of transistor V3-1. This reduces the current provided by the current source, which leads to a further increase in the collector-base voltage U C B of the transistor V1.
  • the resistor R2 additionally reduces the voltage at the Zener diode, so that the base-emitter voltage U B E of the transistor V1 becomes negative Battery B is disconnected from the voltage source via the blocking base-emitter path of the transistor V1 and the charging current is interrupted.
  • the transistor V4-2 is then saturated, so that the transistor V4-1 no longer receives base current and stops driving, with the result that the

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif pour charger une batterie, comprenant un transistor à travers lequel circule un courant de charge d'une source de tension à la batterie connectée au dispositif, et dont l'entrée de commande est connectée à une source de courant qui règle le courant de commande destiné au transistor de sorte que le transistor met la batterie hors tension lorsqu'une tension de charge maximale prédéterminée est atteinte aux bornes de la batterie, et ainsi interrompt le flux de courant de charge. La source de courant règle de courant de commande du transistor au cours de la charge de sorte que le transistor fonctionne au-delà de sa saturation.
EP10750123A 2009-09-29 2010-09-08 Dispositif pour charger une batterie Withdrawn EP2545629A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009045111A DE102009045111A1 (de) 2009-09-29 2009-09-29 Vorrichtung zum Aufladen einer Batterie
PCT/EP2010/063150 WO2011039035A2 (fr) 2009-09-29 2010-09-08 Dispositif pour charger une batterie

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2545629A2 true EP2545629A2 (fr) 2013-01-16

Family

ID=43662607

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10750123A Withdrawn EP2545629A2 (fr) 2009-09-29 2010-09-08 Dispositif pour charger une batterie

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2545629A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009045111A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011039035A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109004705A (zh) * 2018-07-24 2018-12-14 成都芯源系统有限公司 充电终止控制电路及电池充电电路

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117031227B (zh) * 2023-06-12 2024-04-30 湖南栏海电气工程有限公司 一种功率半导体器件导通压降的无损在线监测电路

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101102051A (zh) * 2007-07-27 2008-01-09 艾默生网络能源有限公司 一种蓄电池控制电路

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8204502A (nl) * 1982-11-19 1984-06-18 Rieken P Voorziening van signalering op caravans en andere trekvoertuigen door middel van een accu en een electronische schakeling.
DE20321116U1 (de) 2003-07-31 2005-12-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Aufladen einer Batterie
DE202005003334U1 (de) * 2005-03-02 2005-05-19 Frohn, Wilfried Ladeschaltung für Nickel-Metall-Hydrid und Nickel-Cadmium-Akkus

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101102051A (zh) * 2007-07-27 2008-01-09 艾默生网络能源有限公司 一种蓄电池控制电路

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109004705A (zh) * 2018-07-24 2018-12-14 成都芯源系统有限公司 充电终止控制电路及电池充电电路

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009045111A1 (de) 2011-03-31
WO2011039035A2 (fr) 2011-04-07
WO2011039035A3 (fr) 2012-08-23

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