EP2542771B1 - Piston de moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Piston de moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2542771B1
EP2542771B1 EP11720285.3A EP11720285A EP2542771B1 EP 2542771 B1 EP2542771 B1 EP 2542771B1 EP 11720285 A EP11720285 A EP 11720285A EP 2542771 B1 EP2542771 B1 EP 2542771B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
closure element
closure
crown
held
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP11720285.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2542771A2 (fr
Inventor
Detlef Jacobi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
Original Assignee
Mahle International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
Publication of EP2542771A2 publication Critical patent/EP2542771A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2542771B1 publication Critical patent/EP2542771B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/18—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a liquid or solid coolant, e.g. sodium, in a closed chamber in piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
    • F02F3/003—Multi-part pistons the parts being connected by casting, brazing, welding or clamping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a piston for an internal combustion engine having a piston crown, a circumferential ring, a circumferential in the region of the ring cooling channel, below the piston crown tailed hub supports and associated piston bosses and a piston skirt, wherein below the piston crown a cavity closed on all sides with a is provided in the direction of the piston shaft arranged closure element.
  • oil drops from the crankcase come into contact with the hot underside of the piston crown.
  • the lubricating oil evaporates, wherein the evaporated lubricating oil particles are the smaller, the hotter the underside of the piston crown.
  • the lubricating oil ages to coking and to the formation of a layer of carbon on the bottom of the piston crown. This process also causes the oil change intervals to be shortened in proportion to the aging of the lubricating oil.
  • the U.S. Pat. No. 2,214,891A discloses a generic piston having below the piston head a cavity closed on all sides with a arranged in the direction of the piston shaft closure element.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a piston in which the lubricating oil aging is at least delayed and the separation efficiency of the lubricating oil particles in the oil mist separator is improved.
  • closure element as a double-walled closure body, which includes a chamber.
  • the principle underlying the present invention is to reduce the surface temperature of the piston components, with which coming from the crankcase lubricating oil comes into contact.
  • a cavity closed on all sides is provided below the piston crown, the closure element of which is designed as a double-walled closure body which encloses a chamber.
  • the chamber acts as additional thermal insulation against the underside of the piston crown.
  • the double-walled closure body may itself be formed in one piece or in two parts. This means, in particular, that no cooling oil channels are provided between the circulating cooling channel and the cavity, and the cooling of the piston according to the invention by means of supplied and discharged cooling oil takes place exclusively via the circulating cooling channel.
  • the inventively provided chamber causes due to the air trapped therein a thermal insulation against the hot underside of the piston crown. For this reason, the closure element has a significantly lower surface temperature than the underside of the piston crown.
  • the lubricating oil coming from the crankcase now has no direct contact with the hot underside of the piston crown, but impinges on the underside of the much cooler closure element.
  • the resulting in this process lubricating oil particles are much larger due to the lower temperatures, so that the deposition rate is significantly improved in ⁇ lnebelabscheider or a complex design of ⁇ lnebelabscheiders is avoided.
  • the aging of the lubricating oil is significantly delayed due to the lower temperatures and the formation of oil carbon is avoided.
  • the present invention is suitable for all types of pistons, i. for one-piece and multi-part pistons as well as for pistons with low overall height.
  • the piston according to the invention is characterized by a high stability, since cooling oil channels, which act destabilizing as points of highest stress concentration, are not provided.
  • the closure element itself further improves the strength of the piston structure by an additional stiffening.
  • the closure element provided according to the invention may be formed integrally with the piston. Preference is given to an integrally formed with the hub connections of the piston closure body. However, the closure element provided according to the invention can also be designed as a separate component. The selection of the closure element depends essentially on the type of piston used, so that wide variations are possible in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the closure wall or the closure body is preferably connected in the region of the hub connections of the piston with this, so that a particularly large cavity closed on all sides, which forms a particularly effective thermal insulation with respect to the underside of the piston crown.
  • closure element in the form of a separate component is expediently held under spring bias in the piston.
  • closure element may be formed as at least partially resilient component.
  • the closure element in the form of a separate component is preferably held in a receiving means provided in the piston and thus fixed particularly secure during engine operation.
  • the closure element in the form of a separate component may be made of any material, wherein a spring steel sheet has been found to be well suited.
  • the piston of the invention may be formed as a one-piece, for example. Cast piston.
  • the piston according to the invention can also be designed as a multi-part piston, for example, be composed of a piston upper part and a piston lower part.
  • the components can be, for example, castings or forgings, and, for example, be made of a steel material, in particular be forged.
  • the connection between the components can be done in any way.
  • a particularly suitable joining method is welding, in particular friction welding.
  • the present invention will be described below with reference to a two-part, consisting of an upper part and a lower part, piston.
  • piston a two-part, consisting of an upper part and a lower part, piston.
  • the invention can also be realized with other piston types, such as, for example, one-piece pistons or pendulum piston.
  • the Figures 1 and 2 show a piston 10 according to the prior art in the form of a box piston.
  • the piston 10 is composed of a piston upper part 11 and a piston lower part 12, which are forged in the embodiment of a steel material.
  • the upper piston part 11 has a piston bottom 13 with a combustion bowl 14 and a circumferential top land 15 and a circumferential ring portion 16.
  • the piston lower part 12 has a piston shaft 17 and piston hubs 18 with hub bores 19 for receiving a piston pin (not shown).
  • the piston hubs 18 are connected via hub supports 21 to the underside 13 'of the piston head 13.
  • the upper piston part 11 has an inner circumferential support element 22 and an outer circumferential support element 23.
  • the inner support member 22 is arranged on the underside of the piston head 13 annularly circumferentially.
  • the outer support member 23 is formed in the embodiment below the ring portion 16.
  • the lower piston part 12 likewise has an inner circumferential support element 24 and an outer circumferential support element 25.
  • the inner support member 24 is arranged circumferentially on the upper side of the piston lower part 12.
  • the outer support member 25 is formed in the embodiment as an extension of the piston skirt 17.
  • the hub supports 21 are formed below the inner support member 25 in the embodiment.
  • the upper piston part 11 and the lower piston part 12 can be joined together in any desired manner, with the corresponding outer or inner support elements of upper piston part 11 and lower piston part 12 being connected to one another.
  • the known friction welding was chosen, which in the Figures 1 and 2 can be seen on the Reibsch spawulsten 26.
  • the upper piston part 11 and the lower piston part 12 form a circumferential cooling channel 27.
  • the annular portion 16 and the outer support element 23 of the piston upper part 11 and the outer support element 25 of the piston lower part 12 delimit the cooling channel 27 to the outside.
  • the inner support member 22 of the piston top 11 and the inner support member 24 of the piston lower part 12 limit the cooling channel 27 to the piston interior.
  • the inner support member 22 of the piston top 11 and the inner support member 24 of the piston lower part 12 further define a cavity 28 which is disposed substantially below the piston crown 13.
  • the cavity 28 is closed on all sides, that is to say that the inner support elements 22, 24 of piston upper part 11 and lower piston part 12 have no openings, such as, for example, cooling oil channels.
  • a closure element 29 is provided in order to close the cavity 28 in the direction of the piston stem 17 and the piston bosses 18.
  • the closure element 29 is an integrally formed with the piston lower part 12 closure wall, which is integrally connected in the region of the hub supports 21 with the piston base 12, so that no lubricating oil from the crankcase or no cooling oil from the cooling channel 27 into the cavity 28th can penetrate.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show an embodiment of a piston 210 according to the invention, which in its construction almost completely the piston 10 according to the Figures 1 and 2 equivalent. Therefore, the reference numerals have been retained for the sake of simplicity, and the description of FIGS Figures 1 and 2 directed.
  • the closure element 229 is formed as a separate component in the form of a double-walled closure body.
  • the closure element 229 is formed in two parts in the embodiment, a one-piece design is of course also conceivable.
  • the two components of the closure element 229 are made in the embodiment of a spring steel sheet, joined together by welding and provided in the direction of the piston head 13 with a slight curvature, whereby a bias voltage is generated.
  • the two components of the closure element 229 enclose an air-filled chamber 232 in the exemplary embodiment, which acts as additional heat insulation.
  • the closure element 229 is also held in the exemplary embodiment in the region of the hub supports 21 in the piston lower part 12 under spring bias.
  • a receiving means 231 in the form of a circumferential depression of approximately 0.5 mm in depth is formed, in which the closure element 229 is received and held.
  • the upper piston part 11 and the lower piston part 12 of the piston 210 according to FIGS. 5 and 6 are connected to one another in the exemplary embodiment by means of friction welding.
  • first the upper piston part 11, the lower piston part 12 and the closure element 229 are produced as separate components.
  • a receiving means 231 in the form of a circumferential depression of about 0.5 mm in depth is formed, for example by machining.
  • the closure element 229 is used in the embodiment in the lower piston part 12 in the region of the hub supports 21 and held there in the receiving means 231 under spring bias.
  • the upper piston part 11 and the lower piston part 12 are connected to each other by friction welding.
  • the resulting Reibsch spawulste 26 serve as additional support of the closure element 229 in the axial direction.
  • the closure element 229 is held liquid-tight in the piston lower part 12, so that the cavity 28 formed below the piston head 13 is closed on all sides, so that no lubricating oil from the crankcase or no cooling oil from the cooling channel 27 can penetrate into the cavity 28.
  • the cavity 28, which is closed on all sides, acts as thermal insulation against the underside 13 'of the piston bottom 13 in the region of the combustion bowl 14 during operation.
  • the lubricating oil coming from the crankcase in engine operation strikes the underside 229' of the closure element 229, which is considerably cooler than the bottom side 13 'of the piston crown 13.
  • lubricating oil particles are much larger due to the lower temperatures, so that the deposition rate is significantly improved in ⁇ lnebelabscheider or a complex design of ⁇ lnebelabscheiders is avoided.
  • the aging of the lubricating oil is significantly delayed due to the lower temperatures and the formation of oil carbon is avoided.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Piston (210) pour un moteur à combustion interne, qui présente un fond de piston (13), une partie annulaire périphérique (16), un canal de refroidissement périphérique (27) dans la région de la partie annulaire (16), des appuis de moyeu (21) attachés en dessous du fond de piston (13) et des moyeux de piston (18) reliés à ceux-ci ainsi qu'un corps de piston (17), dans lequel il est prévu en dessous du fond de piston (13) une cavité (28) fermée de toutes parts avec un élément de fermeture (229) disposé en direction du corps de piston (17), caractérisé en ce que l'élément de fermeture (229) est un corps de fermeture à double paroi qui renferme une chambre (232).
  2. Piston selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le corps de fermeture à double paroi (229) est réalisé en une seule partie ou en deux parties.
  3. Piston selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de fermeture (229) est réalisé sous la forme d'un corps de fermeture maintenu dans la région des liaisons de moyeu (21) du piston (210).
  4. Piston selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de fermeture (229) est maintenu dans le piston (210) sous une précontrainte élastique.
  5. Piston selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de fermeture (229) est réalisé sous la forme d'un composant au moins partiellement élastique.
  6. Piston selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de fermeture (229) est maintenu dans un moyen de réception (231) prévu dans le piston (210).
  7. Piston selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de fermeture (229) est fabriqué à partir d'une tôle en acier à ressorts.
  8. Piston selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est formé par un piston en une seule partie.
  9. Piston selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est formé par un piston en plusieurs parties.
EP11720285.3A 2010-03-02 2011-03-02 Piston de moteur à combustion interne Not-in-force EP2542771B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010009891A DE102010009891A1 (de) 2010-03-02 2010-03-02 Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor
PCT/DE2011/000211 WO2011107079A2 (fr) 2010-03-02 2011-03-02 Piston de moteur à combustion interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2542771A2 EP2542771A2 (fr) 2013-01-09
EP2542771B1 true EP2542771B1 (fr) 2016-12-28

Family

ID=44116164

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11720285.3A Not-in-force EP2542771B1 (fr) 2010-03-02 2011-03-02 Piston de moteur à combustion interne

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US8584626B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2542771B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3182263U (fr)
KR (1) KR20130041770A (fr)
BR (1) BR112012022256A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010009891A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011107079A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019121728B3 (de) * 2019-08-13 2020-11-26 Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr Kolben mit Ringkühlkammer für Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschinen

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DE102011111319A1 (de) 2011-08-26 2013-02-28 Mahle International Gmbh Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor
DE102012001627A1 (de) * 2012-01-30 2013-03-21 Voith Patent Gmbh Hubkolbenmotor, insbesondere Hubkolbendampfmotor
BR112015009290A2 (pt) * 2012-11-02 2017-07-04 Federal Mogul Corp pistão com uma galeria de resfriamento parcialmente preenchida com uma composição contendo metal termicamente condutora
CN104832315A (zh) * 2014-07-21 2015-08-12 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 发动机活塞和具有其的发动机
DE102014223928A1 (de) * 2014-11-25 2016-05-25 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Verschließen einer Kernlageröffnung eines einen Hohlraum aufweisenden Gussteiles
US9797337B2 (en) * 2015-07-10 2017-10-24 Mahle International Gmbh Oil-cooled piston for an internal combustion engine
US10294887B2 (en) * 2015-11-18 2019-05-21 Tenneco Inc. Piston providing for reduced heat loss using cooling media
US20190010892A1 (en) * 2017-07-10 2019-01-10 Mahle International Gmbh Piston with a cooling channel insert
US11112009B2 (en) 2019-04-10 2021-09-07 Cummins Inc. Low heat transfer piston via binder jet technology

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019121728B3 (de) * 2019-08-13 2020-11-26 Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr Kolben mit Ringkühlkammer für Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschinen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR112012022256A2 (pt) 2016-10-25
KR20130041770A (ko) 2013-04-25
US20130055969A1 (en) 2013-03-07
EP2542771A2 (fr) 2013-01-09
WO2011107079A2 (fr) 2011-09-09
DE102010009891A1 (de) 2011-09-08
US8584626B2 (en) 2013-11-19
WO2011107079A3 (fr) 2011-11-10
JP3182263U (ja) 2013-03-21

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