EP2541160B1 - Agencement destiné à l'utilisation de l'énergie solaire rayonnante sur des bâtiments - Google Patents

Agencement destiné à l'utilisation de l'énergie solaire rayonnante sur des bâtiments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2541160B1
EP2541160B1 EP12170704.6A EP12170704A EP2541160B1 EP 2541160 B1 EP2541160 B1 EP 2541160B1 EP 12170704 A EP12170704 A EP 12170704A EP 2541160 B1 EP2541160 B1 EP 2541160B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
collector
water
arrangement
hot water
building
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12170704.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2541160A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernhard Aschauer
Johann Aschauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aschauer Bernhard
Aschauer Johann
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Individual
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Publication of EP2541160A1 publication Critical patent/EP2541160A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0005—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperation of waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0015—Domestic hot-water supply systems using solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/66—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of facade constructions, e.g. wall constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
    • F24S60/30—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors storing heat in liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/52—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by the material
    • F24S80/525—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by the material made of plastics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/16—Waste heat
    • F24D2200/20—Sewage water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/67—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of roof constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/58—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by their mountings or fixing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/18—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperated or waste heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for utilizing the incident solar energy to buildings, in particular two or multi-storey apartment blocks, with a building attached to the building collector, covered by an at least partially permeable material for the radiation, insulated receiving spaces for heat storage, a via lines in heats the building to leading medium, in particular water or air, and at least one further storage body for dissipating heat to the medium to be introduced into the building.
  • a known solar collector equipped with a Glasabdeckplatte has a first and a second wall element, wherein the two wall elements are arranged at a distance from each other, extend substantially parallel to each other, are interconnected by transverse walls and the walls form at least one hollow body.
  • the hollow body at least one plate-shaped component is introduced, which consists of substantially parallel wall elements which are interconnected by transverse walls, the wall elements form a second hollow body having numerous juxtaposed or closely adjacent chambers or channels for receiving serve a gaseous or liquid medium and wherein the chambers or channels communicate with each other.
  • icing of the water in the collector can not be avoided with such a device.
  • the use of a buffer memory is provided, so that no direct use of the collected energy at points of consumption is possible.
  • a solar system for example, behind a large-scale glazing of a building, a solar system is arranged with lines through which water or air flows. It can also be interconnected several such systems and the heated medium are fed to a buffer tank, can be removed from the service water optionally via a heat exchanger.
  • a system with glass cover is from the DE 197 56 634 A1 known.
  • Such systems for water heating or preheating and in special cases, especially with additional heating and a circulation pump for heated in the collector and a heat exchanger the heating circuit acting water can also be used for at least partial loading of central heating systems.
  • a disadvantage of all these versions are the existing relatively large conduction paths between the collectors, the memory and in addition between the memory and the consumer points. This not only results in long cable lengths, but also considerable heat losses.
  • attaching the solar systems behind glass walls is a special design, and often installations exposed directly to solar energy without glass cover are used. An example of this is taken from the DE 42 40 252 A1 in which the collector body is formed of joined ceramic plates enclosing the water-guiding paths.
  • Collectors for direct air heating for connection to hot air heaters are also from the CH 593 452 known.
  • the continuous glass walls that are common in modern office construction on the other hand lead to considerable heating problems, without, with the exception of the abovementioned case, an actually useful, economic use of the solar energy.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a system of the type mentioned, which can be used in many ways and in particular for hot water to hot water tapping points or hot water heaters and in the air heating to make it possible to avoid long lines and complex control devices and to allow immediate use of the collected energy at the points of consumption or on or in buildings, with a high efficiency is achieved and even in simple, only to the heating of the building Overheating can be avoided and an adaptation to the respective irradiation side can be achieved.
  • the stated object is achieved in principle in a plant of the type mentioned above in that the material permeable to the radiation has thermal U-values of less than 0.9 W / m 2 K, in particular of less than 0.7 W / m 2 K. and that the heated water or heated air ducts are directly connected to the collector with at least one consumer arranged in a consumer space located behind the collector and in the building, the associated collector being in its heat storage capacity and temperature for the expected consumption of thermal energy designed and connected in the case of hot water preparation with a consumption water line, whereby the hot water removal is carried out under the supply pressure of the consumption water line.
  • the mentioned thermal U-values of the radiation transmissive material should be as low as possible. It is also advisable if the arrangement further storage for receiving and emitting heat includes, which heat can be caught in the arrangement and gradually discharged through an associated building wall into the building.
  • a significant advantage results when, in a further development of the invention, a collector intended for hot water supply to a bath is subsequently attached to the outer wall of the respective bath. In special cases, you can equip the collector with an overheating protection for extreme weather conditions.
  • Especially for the direct removal of the heated water can be additionally provided as scald protection at the hot water tap of a shower, a sink or a bath in the collector an automatically turning cold water supply line and or or a circulation pump for the storage water.
  • a particularly favorable utilization of the heat generated results when, in a further development of the invention, the consumption water is conducted in front of the collector via a heat exchanger preferably provided at the associated hot water outlet of the removal point or removal points or to a collection container for the outflowing water.
  • a heat exchanger preferably provided at the associated hot water outlet of the removal point or removal points or to a collection container for the outflowing water.
  • an adaptation to the respective permissible or desired maximum heating of the heat accumulator can be achieved by the number, thickness and shape as well as radiation permeability of the superimposed films.
  • the superimposed films have only pointwise contact points with the adjacent film.
  • further adjustments can be achieved by selecting the film material or any coatings of these films.
  • films of a thickness of less than 1 mm, for example, 0.5 mm, used, wherein the outer film, if it is exposed to the weather, thicker than that of the other films may be or is replaced by the already mentioned outer glasses.
  • one of the apartment associated collectors can by other solar systems, in particular by z. B. arranged in the roof area photovoltaic elements are supplemented for additional supply of electrical energy.
  • the arrangement according to the invention requires no additional special technical aids such as pumps, controls, antifreeze od. Like. And yet it is able to meet the requirements set in the task: In the case of solar use for hot water generation is essential to prevent icing of the water in the collector. This is achieved with the invention in that the transparent thermal insulation in front of the absorber / storage system has at least U values of less than 0.7 W / m 2 .K. If necessary, this system is supported by memory provided in the arrangement for receiving and emitting heat.
  • This transparent Thermal insulation forward to the sunny side, for example, a unit of insulating glass, possibly with air gap and / or optionally includes the glass associated transparent film layers or other transparent, heat-insulating fillings.
  • foil layers / fillings can lie in the air gap between the absorber and the insulating glass or even between the glass panes themselves or inside the insulating glass or even the borders themselves.
  • good quality of the glasses can also be dispensed with the use of heat-insulating films.
  • a preheating of a fluid and a passive heating of a space behind it can be implemented in a device. Further improvement of the U-values to below 0.3 W / m 2 K can be achieved through the use of improved insulating glasses, coating technologies.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 After the Fig. 1 and 2 is in a mounting frame 1 made of concrete, plate-shaped storage body 2 attached, which is provided in the vicinity of the back with a reinforcing grid 3, to which a meandered conduit 4 is attached for air or water.
  • This conduit 4 contributes to improve the heat transfer arranged in a star shape Ribs 5.
  • Front connects to the mounting frame 1 an insulating layer 7 of transparent film material, according to Fig. 3 in the embodiment of three superimposed films 13, 14, 15 which have a zig-zag profiling and are laid in the superimposed films 13, 14 and 14, 15 with crossing Zackenprofielen, so that between them only punctiform or linear Contact points arise.
  • the films 13, 14, 15 are shown exaggerated and can in practice only a film thickness of z. B. 0.5 mm and a respective profile height of 1 to 2 mm. Dashed line was in Fig. 3 indicated that the foil package 13, 14, 15 may be embedded between thin outer glasses 7a as weather protection, wherein the glass thickness and the film thickness were not shown to scale.
  • the mounting frame 1 is enclosed by an insulating wooden frame 8.
  • the Einbraurahmen 1 can be made of insulating material.
  • an insulating plate 9 is attached to the back of the collector.
  • the pipe 4 forms an inlet 10 at the bottom and an outlet 11 at the top.
  • the connections 10 and 11 can be led to the water heater or to a radiator in a space located behind the collector.
  • the conduit 4 may be replaced by interconnected longitudinal ducts for the air duct.
  • FIG. 4 In the execution after Fig. 4 is designated in its entirety by 16 collector in the recess of an outer wall 17 of a building. In the bottom of the room 18 which serves as a shower, a shower tray 19 is inserted. A cold water supply line 20 leads via a heat exchanger 21, which is supplied from the outlet of the shower tray 19 via a line 22 expiring, but still warm shower water. For a drain line 23 to a channel od. Like. Continued.
  • the line 26 via an optional or temperature-controlled, z. B. electrical auxiliary heating 28 are guided to ensure the desired outlet temperature of the water under unfavorable conditions, especially stronger hot water withdrawal than in the normal case.
  • the obturator 25 may additionally be connected to a cold water line, which communicates with the line 20, connected and designed as a mixer tap. Further options for setting the hot water temperature were given in the general description.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Installation pour l'utilisation de l'énergie solaire rayonnante sur des bâtiments, en particulier des immeubles à deux ou plusieurs étages, avec un bâtiment, un collecteur (16) placé au niveau du bâtiment, avec des espaces de réception isolés, recouverts par un matériau (7) au moins en partie perméable au rayonnement, pour accumulateur de chaleur, qui chauffe un fluide, en particulier de l'eau ou de l'air, à conduire au bâtiment par le biais de conduites (26), et comprend au moins un autre corps d'accumulateur (2) pour évacuation de la chaleur au niveau du fluide à conduire au bâtiment, caractérisée en ce que le matériau (7) perméable au rayonnement présente des valeurs U thermiques inférieures à 0,9 W/m2 K, en particulier inférieures à 0,7 W/m2 K, et en ce que les conduites (26) pour l'eau réchauffée ou l'air réchauffé, du collecteur (16) sont reliées directement avec au moins un consommateur disposé dans un local de consommateurs (18) placé dans le bâtiment et après le collecteur (16), le collecteur (16) associé étant conçu au niveau de sa capacité d'accumulateur de chaleur et sa température, pour la consommation à attendre au niveau de l'énergie thermique et étant relié dans le cas de la préparation d'eau chaude à une conduite d'eau de consommation (24), de sorte que le prélèvement de l'eau chaude s'effectue sous la pression d'alimentation de la conduite d'eau de consommation (24).
  2. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le matériau (7) perméable au rayonnement comprend des couches constituées de films (13, 14, 15) recouverts pliés ou profilés superposés, noyés entre des verres extérieurs (7a) fins.
  3. Installation selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce qu'un collecteur (16) destiné pour l'amenée de l'eau chaude à un bain est ensuite posé au niveau de la paroi extérieure (17) de chaque bain (18).
  4. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le collecteur (16) est équipé d'une protection contre la surchauffe.
  5. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce qu'en tant que protection antibrûlure au niveau du point de prélèvement de l'eau chaude d'une douche (27), d'un lavabo ou d'un bain dans le collecteur (16), il est prévu une conduite d'amenée d'eau froide à enclenchement automatique et, ou plus précisément, une pompe de circulation pour l'eau de l'accumulateur.
  6. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que l'eau de consommation est guidée avant le collecteur (16) par le biais d'un échangeur thermique (21) prévu de préférence au niveau de l'évacuation d'eau chaude (19) associée, du point de prélèvement (18) ou des points de prélèvement ou d'un récipient de collecte pour l'eau d'écoulement.
  7. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que la capacité de l'accumulateur de chaleur et la température des différents collecteurs (16) sont définies, en plus, pour l'eau chaude, l'air et le réchauffement direct du local, par le nombre des couches de films transparentes ou adaptées (13 à 15).
  8. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que les films (13, 14, 15) se superposant, du matériau perméable au rayonnement, présentent un profilage formé d'ondulations parallèles ou de profilés en zigzag et des films successifs (13-14) (14-15) sont posés avec des profilés triangles ou ondulés se croisant mutuellement, l'utilisation du rayonnement et la régulation de température pouvant être définies par le nombre de films (13, 14, 15).
  9. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le ou les collecteur(s) associé(s) à un logement est/sont complété(s) par d'autres installations solaires pour la récupération supplémentaire d'énergie électrique.
EP12170704.6A 2011-06-03 2012-06-04 Agencement destiné à l'utilisation de l'énergie solaire rayonnante sur des bâtiments Active EP2541160B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATGM323/2011U AT12991U1 (de) 2011-06-03 2011-06-03 Anordnung zur ausnützung der einstrahlenden sonnenenergie an gebäuden

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2541160A1 EP2541160A1 (fr) 2013-01-02
EP2541160B1 true EP2541160B1 (fr) 2016-04-13

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12170704.6A Active EP2541160B1 (fr) 2011-06-03 2012-06-04 Agencement destiné à l'utilisation de l'énergie solaire rayonnante sur des bâtiments

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EP (1) EP2541160B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT12991U1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH593452A5 (en) * 1974-11-20 1977-11-30 Schlatter Friedrich Flat solar collector without glass cover - with sealed cavity for passage of air to be heated
US4432346A (en) * 1979-10-17 1984-02-21 Westerstrandh Bjoern V Solar collector
DE3429226A1 (de) * 1983-11-25 1985-07-18 Rolf Dipl.-Ing. 6102 Pfungstadt Naschke Gas-folien-sonnenenergiekollektor-anlage
DE4121670A1 (de) * 1991-06-29 1993-01-07 Dornier Gmbh Solarkollektor als gebaeude-bauelement
DE4240252A1 (en) 1991-12-02 1993-08-05 Iduso Gmbh Sandwich channelled ceramic plate - has glazing between plates with same thermal expansion as the plate clay for bonding during firing
DE19756634C2 (de) * 1997-12-19 2001-11-22 Werner Stemmermann Plattenteil für Gebäude, Böden oder Schwimmbadanlagen
DE19800777A1 (de) * 1998-01-12 1999-07-22 Murjahn Amphibolin Werke Transparente Wärmedämm-Struktur und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
DE19809974B4 (de) * 1998-03-09 2010-07-08 Krecké, Edmond Dominique Gebäude mit Klimatisierung
DE10109394A1 (de) * 2001-02-27 2002-09-12 Schumann Manfred Trinkwasservorwärmanlage
DE102005002932B3 (de) * 2005-01-21 2006-05-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Regeln einer Solaranlage

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EP2541160A1 (fr) 2013-01-02
AT12991U1 (de) 2013-03-15

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