EP2534286A1 - Oxidation furnace - Google Patents

Oxidation furnace

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Publication number
EP2534286A1
EP2534286A1 EP11701209A EP11701209A EP2534286A1 EP 2534286 A1 EP2534286 A1 EP 2534286A1 EP 11701209 A EP11701209 A EP 11701209A EP 11701209 A EP11701209 A EP 11701209A EP 2534286 A1 EP2534286 A1 EP 2534286A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
process space
suction
fibers
hot air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11701209A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2534286B1 (en
Inventor
Karl Berner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eisenmann SE
Original Assignee
Eisenmann SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eisenmann SE filed Critical Eisenmann SE
Publication of EP2534286A1 publication Critical patent/EP2534286A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2534286B1 publication Critical patent/EP2534286B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
    • D01F9/12Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
    • D01F9/14Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
    • D01F9/32Apparatus therefor
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02JFINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J13/00Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
    • D02J13/001Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass in a tube or vessel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B13/00Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
    • F26B13/005Seals, locks, e.g. gas barriers for web drying enclosures
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B13/00Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
    • F26B13/06Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement with movement in a sinuous or zig-zag path
    • F26B13/08Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement with movement in a sinuous or zig-zag path using rollers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/28Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity for treating continuous lengths of work
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27BFURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/3005Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27DDETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/02Heating arrangements using combustion heating
    • F26B23/022Heating arrangements using combustion heating incinerating volatiles in the dryer exhaust gases, the produced hot gases being wholly, partly or not recycled into the drying enclosure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an oxidation furnace for the oxidative treatment of fibers, in particular for the production of carbon fibers, with a) a housing which is gas-tight except for inlet and outlet areas for the fibers; b) a process space located in the interior of the housing; c) a blowing device with which hot air can be injected into the process space; at least one suction device arranged in an end region of the process space, which sucks hot air from the process space and comprises a plurality of vertically spaced suction boxes, the at least one outlet opening for the hot air and at one side at least one communicating with the process space inlet opening for the have hot air; at least one fan that circulates the hot air through the sparger, the process space and the suction device; f) at least one heating device located in the flow path of the hot circulating air; g) guide rollers which serpentine the fibers tig through the spaces between superimposed extraction boxes leads.
  • the flow direction can be aligned transversely to the barrel direction vertically or horizontally.
  • Increasingly gaining acceptance of such oxidation furnace which have an air flow on the principle of "center-to-end".
  • the hot air in the middle region of the process chamber in both directions ie in the direction of the opposite ends of the process chamber, blown out and sucked off again by suction at these two ends of the process chamber.
  • the following description is based on the example of the "center-to-end" air duct; but the invention is not limited thereto.
  • the process space can also be considered as a zone that repeats in the longitudinal direction of the furnace for different temperatures and air flows.
  • Furnace housed, in particular, the furnace can be built lower.
  • At least one inlet opening communicating with the process space is provided in the outward-pointing suction box, that is to say from the process space center.
  • the furnace can be kept lower. There are a number of advantages associated with this: as few serpentine passages of the fibers through the
  • Process space may be required, pulleys for the threads and lock facilities, which
  • Inlet openings are provided in two opposite sides of the suction boxes. By selecting the total cross-sections of those on opposite sides
  • Inlet openings can be set the proportion of air that is not already facing inward
  • Inlet openings is sucked but flows through the spaces between the suction boxes to the outside.
  • lock devices are provided in the inlet regions of the housing, which are provided for each between the suction boxes
  • FIG. 1 shows a vertical section through an oxidation furnace for the production of carbon fibers according to line I-I of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 2 shows a horizontal section through the oxidation furnace of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail enlargement from FIG. 1 in the region of a suction device
  • FIG. 4 shows a section, similar to FIG. 3, in which FIG
  • FIG. 1 in which an oxidation furnace is shown, which is generally designated by the reference numeral 1 and is used for the production of carbon fibers.
  • the oxidation furnace 1 comprises a housing 2, which in turn comprises two vertical longitudinal walls 2a, 2b, two
  • Lock devices 22 are provided, gas-tight.
  • Air duct 8 and 11 the heated air from
  • Air ducts 9 and 10 blown. From there, the air enters each half of the injection device 13, from there in opposite directions flowing in
  • outlets 30a, 30b are provided in the wall of the housing 2. These can be used to remove those gas or air volumes which arise either during the oxidation process or as fresh air via the intake and exhaust air Exit areas 3, 4 enter the process space 6, so as to maintain the air balance in the oxidation furnace 1 upright.
  • the discharged gases which are also poisonous
  • Contain ingredients are fed to a thermal Machverbrennung.
  • the heat thus obtained can be used at least for the sake of the anticipation of the fresh air supplied to the oxidation furnace 1.
  • the blowing device 13 is as follows in detail
  • blow boxes 18 each of these blow boxes 18 has the shape of a hollow cuboid, wherein the longer dimension is transverse to the longitudinal direction of the process chamber 6 via the
  • each injection box 18 is available
  • Perforated sheets 18a can emerge.
  • both stacks are stacked at a slight distance; the two stacks of blow boxes 18 are in turn, in the longitudinal direction of the
  • Ratios is the vertical distance between
  • FIG. 14 is shown in FIG. 3, essentially formed by a respective stack of suction boxes 19, which extend in a similar manner to the blow boxes 18 in the transverse direction through the entire process space 6 and at their transverse to the longitudinal extension of the
  • Process space 6 extending narrow sides are formed as perforated plates 19a.
  • the holes in the perforated plates 19a can have any geometric shape.
  • the suction boxes 19 in the suction devices 14, 15 have the same vertical distance from each other as the blow boxes 18 in the injection device 13.
  • the fibers 20 to be treated are fed to the oxidation furnace 1 via a deflection roller 21 and thereby pass through a lock device 22, which is inserted into the
  • Figures 1 and 3 is not shown exactly and this serves to prevent any gas escaping from the process space 6 to the outside.
  • the fibers 20 are then
  • Process chamber 6 is repeated several times in a serpentine manner, for which purpose a plurality of deflecting rollers 24 and 25, which lie parallel one above the other with their axes, are provided in both end regions of the oxidation furnace 1
  • the suction devices 115 are formed by a stack of overlying suction boxes 119. Unlike the suction boxes 19 of the first embodiment, the suction boxes 119 of Figure 4 are provided only on the outwardly facing narrow side with gas inlet openings, while the opposite narrow side facing the center of the process chamber 6 is closed. At the top and the bottom of the suction boxes 119 angle profiles 125 are attached, which extend transversely to the flow direction of the air (indicated by arrows). These angle profiles 125 have the task to increase the air resistance and to even out the suction.
  • an individually adjustable throttle valve (not shown) may be provided to keep the extracted volume flow for each suction box 119 the same.
  • the lock device 123 comprises an outer,
  • each suction box 119 an air channel 128 is attached, which can be supplied in the direction of the arrow 129 with pressurized fresh air.
  • angled air baffles 130 are integrally formed or attached to the air channel 128. As shown in the drawing and symbolized by small arrows, narrow passages for the air, which in this way in particular reach the region of the openings 127 in the sheet 126, arise between these air guide plates 130 and the sheet 126.
  • Process chamber 106 each enters an airspace 131 and then encounters the through between the spaces between

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an oxidation furnace (1) for the oxidative treatment of fibres (20), especially for producing carbon fibres, which, in known ways, comprises a process chamber (6) arranged inside a housing (2), a blowing device (13) for hot air, at least one suction device (14, 15) arranged in an end region of the process chamber (6), at least one ventilator (21) that circulates the hot air through the blowing device (13), the process chamber (6) and the suction device (14, 15), and at least one heating device (18) arranged in the flow path of the hot circulated air. The suction device (14, 15) is formed from a plurality of vertically interspaced suction boxes (19). Said boxes have at least one outlet for the hot air, and at least one inlet for hot air, communicating with the process chamber (6) and arranged in the outward-facing side of the suction boxes (19), that is the side that is at a distance from the centre of the process chamber. In this construction, the effective length of the sections in which the fibres are subjected to the oxidising process is extended, compared to conventional constructions, so that the furnace (1) can especially be built at a lower level.

Description

Oxidationsofen  oxidation furnace
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Oxidationsofen zur oxi- dativen Behandlung von Fasern, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Kohlenstofffasern, mit a) einem Gehäuse, das abgesehen von Einlass- und Auslassbereichen für die Fasern gasdicht ist; b) einem im Innenraum des Gehäuse befindlichen Prozessraum; c) einer Einblaseinrichtung, mit welcher Heißluft in den Prozessraum einblasbar ist; mindestens einer in einem Endbereich des Prozessraumes angeordneten Absaugeinrichtung, welche heiße Luft aus dem Prozessraum absaugt und eine Mehrzahl von in vertikalem Abstand voneinander angeordneten Absaugkästen umfasst, die mindestens eine Auslassöffnung für die heiße Luft und an einer Seite mindestens eine mit dem Prozessraum kommunizierende Einlassöffnung für die heiße Luft aufweisen; mindestens einem Ventilator, der die heiße Luft durch die Einblaseinrichtung, den Prozessraum und die Absaugeinrichtung umwälzt; f) mindestens einer im Strömungsweg der heißen umgewälzten Luft liegenden Heizeinrichtung; g) Führungsrollen, welche die Fasern serpentinenar- tig durch die Zwischenräume zwischen übereinanderliegenden Absaugkästen führt. The invention relates to an oxidation furnace for the oxidative treatment of fibers, in particular for the production of carbon fibers, with a) a housing which is gas-tight except for inlet and outlet areas for the fibers; b) a process space located in the interior of the housing; c) a blowing device with which hot air can be injected into the process space; at least one suction device arranged in an end region of the process space, which sucks hot air from the process space and comprises a plurality of vertically spaced suction boxes, the at least one outlet opening for the hot air and at one side at least one communicating with the process space inlet opening for the have hot air; at least one fan that circulates the hot air through the sparger, the process space and the suction device; f) at least one heating device located in the flow path of the hot circulating air; g) guide rollers which serpentine the fibers tig through the spaces between superimposed extraction boxes leads.
Es gibt verschiedene Arten, die heiße Luft zur Behand- lung von Fasern durch einen Oxidationsofen zu führen. There are several ways of passing the hot air through an oxidation furnace to treat fibers.
Die Strömungsrichtung kann dabei quer zur Fasserrichtung vertikal oder auch horizontal ausgerichtet sein. Zunehmend an Akzeptanz gewinnen solche Oxidationsofen, die eine Luftführung nach dem Prinzip " center-to-end" besitzen. Bei dieser wird die heiße Luft im mittleren Bereich des Prozessraumes nach beiden Richtungen, also in Richtung auf die gegenüberliegenden Enden des Prozessraumes, ausgeblasen und von Absaugeinrichtungen an diesen beiden Enden des Prozessraumes wieder abgesaugt . Die nachfolgende Beschreibung erfolgt am Beispiel der " center-to-end" Luftführung; die Erfindung ist aber nicht hierauf beschränkt .  The flow direction can be aligned transversely to the barrel direction vertically or horizontally. Increasingly gaining acceptance of such oxidation furnace, which have an air flow on the principle of "center-to-end". In this case, the hot air in the middle region of the process chamber in both directions, ie in the direction of the opposite ends of the process chamber, blown out and sucked off again by suction at these two ends of the process chamber. The following description is based on the example of the "center-to-end" air duct; but the invention is not limited thereto.
Der Prozessraum kann auch als Zone betrachtet werden, die sich in Längsrichtung des Ofens für unterschiedliche Temperaturen und Luftströmungen wiederholt . The process space can also be considered as a zone that repeats in the longitudinal direction of the furnace for different temperatures and air flows.
Bei bekannten Oxidationsofen der eingangs genannten Art befinden sich die mit dem Prozessraum kommunizierenden AbSaugöffnungen der Absaugkästen an derjenigen Seite, die in die Mitte des Prozessraumes weist. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die Zwischenräume zwischen den Absaugkästen nicht mehr, jedenfalls nicht in nennenswertem Ausmaß, von heißer Luft durchströmt werden. Die Wegstrecken, welche die Fasern zwischen den Absaugkästen zurücklegen, fallen also für die oxidative Behandlung aus. Da aus Gründen der Luftverteilung die Absaugkästen nicht unerhebliche Dimensionen aufweisen müssen, fallen die Strecken, in denen mangels Luftströmung eine oxidative Behandlung der Fasern nicht stattfindet, durchaus ins Gewicht. Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, einen Oxi- dationsofen der eingangs genannten Art so auszugestalten, dass eine geforderte Strecke der oxidativen Be- handlung der Fasern in einem kleineren Volumen des In known oxidation furnace of the type mentioned above are communicating with the process chamber AbSaugöffnungen the suction boxes on that side which faces into the middle of the process space. This has the consequence that the spaces between the suction boxes are no longer, at least not to a significant extent, flowed through by hot air. The distances traveled by the fibers between the suction boxes are therefore eliminated for the oxidative treatment. Since for reasons of air distribution, the suction boxes must have not insignificant dimensions, the routes in which lack of air flow, an oxidative treatment of the fibers does not take place, quite significant. The object of the present invention is to design an oxidation furnace of the type mentioned at the beginning in such a way that a required distance of the oxidative treatment of the fibers in a smaller volume of the
Ofens untergebracht, insbesondere der Ofen niedriger gebaut werden kann. Furnace housed, in particular, the furnace can be built lower.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, This object is achieved according to the invention
dass mindestens eine mit dem Prozessraum kommunizierende Einlassöffnung in der nach außen weisenden, also von der Prozessraummitte entfernten Seite de Absaugkästen vorgesehen ist. in that at least one inlet opening communicating with the process space is provided in the outward-pointing suction box, that is to say from the process space center.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahme wird erreicht, dass zumindest ein Teil der heißen Luft zwischen den Absaugkästen weiter in Richtung nach außen zum Ende des Prozess- raumes strömt und erst dann durch die Saugwirkung an den auf den Außenseiten der Absaugkästen liegenden Einlassöffnungen umgelenkt, entfernt und wieder dem Luftkreislauf zugeführt wird. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die Fasern auch in den Zwischenräumen zwischen den Absaug- kästen von heißer Luft umspült und oxidiert werden With the measure according to the invention it is achieved that at least part of the hot air between the suction boxes continues to flow outwards toward the end of the process space and only then redirected, removed and returned to the inlet openings located on the outer sides of the suction boxes by the suction effect Air circuit is supplied. As a result, the fibers are also surrounded and oxidized by hot air in the spaces between the extraction boxes
können. Insgesamt ist es auf diese Weise möglich, den Oxidationsofen kleiner zu bauen, da die von den Fasern durchlaufenen Wegstrecken besser ausgenutzt werden als beim Stand der Technik. can. Overall, it is possible in this way to build the oxidation furnace smaller, since the traversed by the fibers paths are better utilized than in the prior art.
Besonders wertvoll ist, dass bei gleicher Ofenlänge der Ofen niedriger gehalten werden kann. Hiermit ist eine ganze Reihe von Vorteilen verbunden: Da wenige serpentinenartige Durchläufe der Fasern durch den It is particularly valuable that with the same furnace length, the furnace can be kept lower. There are a number of advantages associated with this: as few serpentine passages of the fibers through the
Prozessraum benötigt werden, können Umlenkrollen für die Fäden und Schleuseneinrichtungen, welche Process space may be required, pulleys for the threads and lock facilities, which
im Bereich des Ein- und Austritts der Fäden in den in the area of entry and exit of the threads in the
Prozessraum eine Entweichung von Luft verhindern, Process space prevent leakage of air,
eingespart werden. Zudem ergibt sich für den Gesamt - ofen eine Gewichtsersparnis, was sich für die Kosten eines Stahlbaues, auf dem der Ofen aufgebaut be saved. In addition, there is a weight saving for the entire furnace, which translates into the cost of a steel construction on which the furnace is built
ist, günstig auswirkt. Zudem erhöht sich aufgrund is, has a favorable effect. It also increases due to
der besseren Lufturnströmung der Fäden im Prozessraum die Qualität des erzielten Produkts. the better air flow of the threads in the process room the quality of the product obtained.
Besonders bei der Luftführung "center-to-end" ist es zweckmäßig, wenn mit dem Prozessraum kommunizierende Especially with the air guidance "center-to-end", it is expedient if communicating with the process space
Einlassöffnungen in zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Absaugkästen vorgesehen sind. Durch Wahl der Gesamtquer- schnitte der auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten liegenden Inlet openings are provided in two opposite sides of the suction boxes. By selecting the total cross-sections of those on opposite sides
Einlassöffnungen kann der Anteil der Luft festgelegt werden, der nicht bereits an den nach innen weisenden Inlet openings can be set the proportion of air that is not already facing inward
Einlassöffnungen abgesaugt wird sondern die Zwischenräume zwischen den Absaugkästen nach außen durchströmt. Inlet openings is sucked but flows through the spaces between the suction boxes to the outside.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Oxidationsofens sind in den Einlassbereichen des Gehäuses Schleuseneinrichtungen vorgesehen, die für jeden zwischen den Absaugkästen In a preferred embodiment of the oxidation furnace according to the invention lock devices are provided in the inlet regions of the housing, which are provided for each between the suction boxes
liegenden Zwischenraum einen mit diesem kommunizierenden Luftraum besitzen, der von der Außenatmosphäre durch eine Abschlusswand getrennt ist, die nur lying intermediate space have a communicating with this air space, which is separated from the outside atmosphere by an end wall, the only
Durchlässe für die Fasern aufweist, und der mit unter Having passages for the fibers, and with the under
Überdruck stehender Luft beaufschlagbar ist . Diese unter Überdruck stehende frische Luft sorgt zuverlässig dafür, dass auch die aus dem Prozessraum stammende, die Zwischenräume zwischen den Absaugkästen durchströmende heiße Luft nicht aus dem Ofen entweichen kann. Was durch die Abschlusswand letztendlich in die Außenatmosphäre tritt, ist nur die unter Überdruck stehende Luft in den jeweiligen Zwischenräumen, die selbst aus der Außenatmosphäre Overpressure stagnant air can be acted upon. This fresh air under overpressure reliably ensures that even the hot air coming from the process space and passing through the spaces between the extraction boxes can not escape from the furnace. What ultimately enters the outer atmosphere through the end wall is only the pressurized air in each of them Intermediate spaces, even from the outside atmosphere
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert; es zeigen: Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing; show it:
Figur 1 einen Vertikalschnitt durch einen Oxida- tionsofen zur Herstellung von Kohlefasern gemäß Linie I-I von Figur 2; 1 shows a vertical section through an oxidation furnace for the production of carbon fibers according to line I-I of Figure 2;
Figur 2 einen horizontalen Schnitt durch den Oxida- tionsofen von Figur 1; FIG. 2 shows a horizontal section through the oxidation furnace of FIG. 1;
Figur 3 eine Detailvergrößerung aus Figur 1 im Be- reich einer Absaugeinrichtung; FIG. 3 shows a detail enlargement from FIG. 1 in the region of a suction device;
Figur 4 einen Schnitt, ähnlich der Figur 3, in dem FIG. 4 shows a section, similar to FIG. 3, in which FIG
jedoch mehr Details dargestellt sind. Zunächst wird auf die Figuren 1 bis 3 Bezug genommen, in denen ein Oxidationsofen dargestellt ist, der insgesamt mit dem Bezugszeichen 1 gekennzeichnet ist und zur Herstellung von Kohlenstofffasern eingesetzt wird. Der Oxidationsofen 1 umfasst ein Gehäuse 2, das seiner- seits aus zwei vertikalen Längswänden 2a, 2b, zwei  however, more details are presented. Reference is first made to Figures 1 to 3, in which an oxidation furnace is shown, which is generally designated by the reference numeral 1 and is used for the production of carbon fibers. The oxidation furnace 1 comprises a housing 2, which in turn comprises two vertical longitudinal walls 2a, 2b, two
vertikalen Stirnwänden 2c, 2d, einer Deckwand 2e und einer Bodenwand 2f zusammengesetzt ist. Das Gehäuse vertical end walls 2c, 2d, a top wall 2e and a bottom wall 2f is composed. The housing
2 ist mit Ausnahme zweier Bereiche 3 , 4 in den Stirnwänden 2c und 2d, in denen die zu behandelnden Fasern 20 ein- und ausgeführt werden und die mit besonderen With the exception of two regions 3, 4 in the end walls 2c and 2d, in which the fibers 20 to be treated are introduced and exported, and with special ones
Schleuseneinrichtungen 22 versehen sind, gasdicht. Lock devices 22 are provided, gas-tight.
Wie insbesondere der Figur 2 zu entnehmen ist, ist As can be seen in particular from Figure 2, is
der Innenraum des Gehäuses 2 durch eine vertikale the interior of the housing 2 by a vertical
Trennwand 5 in den eigentlichen Prozessraum 6 und seitlich von diesem liegende Luftleiträume 7, 8, 9, Partition 5 in the actual process space 6 and laterally from this lying air ducts 7, 8, 9,
10, 11, 12 unterteilt. Insgesamt ist der Innenraum  10, 11, 12 divided. Overall, the interior
des Oxidationsofens 1 im Wesentlichen spiegelsymmetrisch zu der in Figur 2 angedeuteten vertikalen  of the oxidation furnace 1 is substantially mirror-symmetrical to that indicated in FIG. 2 vertical
Mittelebene S-S ausgebildet. Center plane S-S formed.
Im mittleren Bereich des Prozessraumes 6 befindet sich eine insgesamt mit dem Bezugszeichen 13 versehene In the central region of the process chamber 6 is a total provided with the reference numeral 13
Einblaseinrichtung, die weiter unten ausführlicher Blowing device, the more detailed below
erläutert wird. In den beiden außenliegenden Endbereichen des Prozessraumes 6, jeweils den Ein- und is explained. In the two outer end regions of the process chamber 6, respectively the input and
Austrittsbereich 3, 4 benachbart, befinden sich Absaugeinrichtungen 14 bzw. 15, die ebenfalls weiter Outlet region 3, 4 adjacent, are suction devices 14 and 15, which also continue
unten näher beschrieben werden. will be described in more detail below.
Im Inneren des Gehäuses 2 werden zwei gegenläufige Inside the housing 2 are two opposing
Luftkreisläufe aufrecht erhalten: Ausgehend beispielsweise von den Absaugeinrichtungen 14, 15 wird die Luft im Sinne der in Figur 2 erkennbaren Pfeile durch die Luftleiträume 7 bzw. 12 zu einem Filter Starting from, for example, the suction devices 14, 15, the air in the direction of the arrows visible in FIG. 2 through the air guide spaces 7 and 12 becomes a filter
16 bzw. 17 und sodann durch ein Heizaggregat 18a bzw.  16 or 17 and then by a heating unit 18a or
18b in den Luftleitraum 8 bzw. 11 geführt. Aus dem 18b guided in the air guide 8 and 11, respectively. From the
Luftleitraum 8 bzw. 11 wird die erwärmte Luft von Air duct 8 and 11, the heated air from
einem Ventilator 21a bzw. 21b abgesaugt und in die sucked a fan 21 a and 21 b and in the
Luftleiträume 9 bzw. 10 eingeblasen. Von dort gelangt die Luft jeweils in eine Hälfte der Einblaseinrichtung 13, von dort gegensinnig strömend in Air ducts 9 and 10 blown. From there, the air enters each half of the injection device 13, from there in opposite directions flowing in
den Prozessraum 6 und von dort zur Absaugeinrichtung 14 bzw. 15, womit die beiden Luftkreisläufe the process chamber 6 and from there to the suction device 14 and 15, whereby the two air circuits
geschlossen sind. are closed.
In der Wand des Gehäuses 2 sind zwei Auslässe 30a, 30b vorgesehen. Über diese können diejenigen Gas- bzw. Luftvolumina abgeführt werden, die entweder bei dem Oxidations- prozess entstehen oder als Frischluft über die Ein- und Austrittsbereiche 3, 4 in den Prozessraum 6 gelangen, um so den Lufthaushalt im Oxidationsofen 1 aufrecht zu erhalten. Die abgeführten Gase, die auch giftige In the wall of the housing 2, two outlets 30a, 30b are provided. These can be used to remove those gas or air volumes which arise either during the oxidation process or as fresh air via the intake and exhaust air Exit areas 3, 4 enter the process space 6, so as to maintain the air balance in the oxidation furnace 1 upright. The discharged gases, which are also poisonous
Bestandteile enthalten können, werden einer thermischen Machverbrennung zugeführt . Die dabei gewonnene Wärme kann zumindest zur Vorerwamung der dem Oxidationsofen 1 zugeführten Frischluft verwendet werden. Contain ingredients are fed to a thermal Machverbrennung. The heat thus obtained can be used at least for the sake of the anticipation of the fresh air supplied to the oxidation furnace 1.
Die Einblaseinrichtung 13 ist im Detail wie folgt The blowing device 13 is as follows in detail
aufgebaut : built up :
Sie umfasst zwei "Stapel" von Einblaskästen 18. Jeder dieser Einblaskästen 18 hat die Form eines hohlen Quaders, wobei die längere Dimension sich quer zur Längsrichtung des Prozessraumes 6 über dessen It comprises two "stacks" of blow boxes 18. Each of these blow boxes 18 has the shape of a hollow cuboid, wherein the longer dimension is transverse to the longitudinal direction of the process chamber 6 via the
gesamte Breite erstreckt. Die jeweils zum Prozessraum 6 zeigenden Schmalseiten der Einblaskästen entire width extends. The respective sides of the injection boxes facing the process space 6
18 sind als Lochbleche 18a ausgebildet. Jeweils 18 are formed as perforated plates 18a. Each
eine Stirnseite jedes Einblaskastens 18 steht mit one end of each injection box 18 is available
dem Luftleitraum 9 bzw. Luftleitraum 10 so in Verbindung, dass die vom Ventilator 20 bzw. 21 geförderte Luft in den Innenraum des jeweiligen Einblaskastens 18 eingeblasen wird und von dort über die the air guide 9 and air guide 10 so in conjunction that the promoted by the fan 20 and 21 air is injected into the interior of the respective injection box 18 and from there over the
Lochbleche 18a austreten kann. Perforated sheets 18a can emerge.
Die verschiedenen Einblaskästen 18 in jedem der The various blow boxes 18 in each of the
beiden Stapel sind mit einem geringfügigen Abstand übereinander angeordnet; die beiden Stapel von Einblaskästen 18 wiederum sind, in Längsrichtung des both stacks are stacked at a slight distance; the two stacks of blow boxes 18 are in turn, in the longitudinal direction of the
Ofens bzw. Bewegungsrichtung der Fäden 20 gesehen, ebenfalls voneinander beabstandet. Idealerweise Furnace or movement direction of the threads 20 seen, also spaced from each other. Ideally
(und abweichend von den in Figur 1 dargestellten  (and deviating from those shown in Figure 1
Verhältnissen) ist der vertikale Abstand zwischen Ratios) is the vertical distance between
zwei Einblaskästen 18 in einem Stapel derselbe wie der Abstand zwischen den beiden Stapeln 18 in Längs- richtung des Prozessraumes 6. two blow boxes 18 in a stack the same as the distance between the two stacks 18 in longitudinal direction. Direction of the process area 6.
Die beiden Absaugeinrichtungen 14, 15, von denen die in den Figuren 1 und 2 linke mit dem Bezugszeichen The two suction devices 14, 15, of which the left in Figures 1 and 2 with the reference numeral
14 in Figur 3 dargestellt ist, werden im Wesentlichen von jeweils einem Stapel von Absaugkästen 19 gebildet die sich in ähnlicher Weise wie die Einblaskästen 18 in Querrichtung durch den gesamten Prozessraum 6 erstrecken und an ihren quer zur Längserstreckung des 14 is shown in FIG. 3, essentially formed by a respective stack of suction boxes 19, which extend in a similar manner to the blow boxes 18 in the transverse direction through the entire process space 6 and at their transverse to the longitudinal extension of the
Prozessraumes 6 verlaufenden Schmalseiten als Lochbleche 19a ausgebildet sind. Die Löcher in den Lochblechen 19a können dabei jede geometrische Form haben. Die Absaugkästen 19 in den Absaugeinrichtungen 14, 15 haben denselben vertikalen Abstand voneinander wie die Einblaskästen 18 in der Einblaseinrichtung 13. Process space 6 extending narrow sides are formed as perforated plates 19a. The holes in the perforated plates 19a can have any geometric shape. The suction boxes 19 in the suction devices 14, 15 have the same vertical distance from each other as the blow boxes 18 in the injection device 13.
Die Luftströmungen im Bereich der Absaugeinrichtung The air currents in the area of the suction device
14 sind in Figur 3 durch Pfeile dargestellt. Ein erheblicher Teil der aus dem Mittelbereich des Prozess- raumes 6 kommenden Luft tritt über das zur Mitte des 14 are shown in Figure 3 by arrows. A considerable part of the air coming from the central area of the process space 6 passes over to the middle of the
Prozessraumes 6 weisende Lochblech 19a in die Innenräume der Absaugkästen 19 ein und wird von dort, wie oben beschrieben, weiter umgewälzt. Ein anderer Teil der aus dem mittleren Bereich des Prozessraumes 6 kom- menden Luft strömt durch die Zwischenräume zwischen  Process chamber 6 facing perforated plate 19 a in the interiors of the extraction boxes 19 and is from there, as described above, further circulated. Another part of the air coming from the central area of the process space 6 flows through the intermediate spaces
den übereinanderliegenden Absaugkästen 19 und wird the superimposed suction boxes 19 and is
durch das außenliegende Lochblech 19a der Absaugkästen 19 ebenfalls in den Innenraum der Absaugkästen 19 eingesaugt und von dort dem weiteren Luftkreislauf zuge- führt . Also sucked into the interior of the suction boxes 19 through the outer perforated plate 19a of the suction boxes 19 and fed from there to the further air circulation.
Die zu behandelnden Fasern 20 werden dem Oxidations- ofen 1 über eine Umlenkrolle 21 zugeführt und durchtreten dabei eine Schleuseneinrichtung 22, die in den The fibers 20 to be treated are fed to the oxidation furnace 1 via a deflection roller 21 and thereby pass through a lock device 22, which is inserted into the
Figuren 1 und 3 noch nicht genau dargestellt ist und dazu dient, kein Gas aus dem Prozessraum 6 nach außen entweichen zu lassen. Die Fasern 20 werden sodann Figures 1 and 3 is not shown exactly and this serves to prevent any gas escaping from the process space 6 to the outside. The fibers 20 are then
durch die Zwischenräume zwischen übereinanderliegenden Absaugkästen 19, durch den Prozessraum 6, durch through the spaces between superimposed suction boxes 19, through the process space 6, through
die Zwischenräume zwischen übereinanderliegenden Einblaskästen 18 in der Einblaseinrichtung 13, durch den the spaces between superposed Einblaskästen 18 in the Einblaseinrichtung 13, through the
Zwischenraum zwischen übereinanderliegenden Absaugkästen 19 am gegenüberliegenden Ende des Prozessraumes 6 und durch eine weitere Schleuseneinrichtung Interspace between superimposed suction boxes 19 at the opposite end of the process space 6 and by a further lock device
22 geführt. 22 led.
Der geschilderte Durchgang der Fasern 20 durch den The described passage of the fibers 20 through the
Prozessraum 6 wird serpentinenartig mehrfach wiederholt, wozu in beiden Endbereichen des Oxidations- ofens 1 mehrere mit ihren Achsen parallel übereinanderliegende Umlenkrollen 24 bzw. 25 vorgesehen Process chamber 6 is repeated several times in a serpentine manner, for which purpose a plurality of deflecting rollers 24 and 25, which lie parallel one above the other with their axes, are provided in both end regions of the oxidation furnace 1
sind. Nach dem obersten Durchgang durch den Prozessraum 6 verlassen die Fasern 20 den Oxidations- ofen 1 und werden dabei über eine weitere Umlenk- rolle 26 geführt. Während des serpentinenartigen are. After the uppermost passage through the process space 6, the fibers 20 leave the oxidation furnace 1 and are guided over another deflection roller 26. During the serpentine
Durchgangs der Fasern 20 durch den Prozessraum 6 Passage of the fibers 20 through the process space 6
werden diese von heißer, sauerstoffhaltiger Luft These are made of hot, oxygenated air
umspült und dabei oxidiert. Beim Austritt aus dem Oxida- tionsofen ist zumindest eine Oxidationssstufe im Wesent- liehen abgeschlossen. Weitere Oxidationsstufen können folgen . lapped and oxidized. When leaving the oxidation furnace, at least one oxidation stage is essentially completed. Further oxidation states can follow.
Aufgrund der an beiden schmalen Längsseiten der Absaugkästen 19 vorgesehenen Lochbleche 19a kann die heiße Luft an beiden gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Absaugkästen 19 in deren Innenraum eintreten. Dies hat zur Folge, dass anders als beim Stande der Technik auch die Zwischenräume zwischen den übereinanderliegenden Absaugkästen 19 von Luft durchströmt werden und die hier befindlichen Abschnit- te der Fasern 20 von Luft umspült werden. Diese Strecken- bereiche sind daher anders als beim Stande der Technik für den Oxidationsvorgang wirksam. Bei gleicher Ofenlänge kann deshalb verglichen mit Oxidationsöfen nach dem Stande der Technik, wie sie eingangs geschildert wurden, Ofenhöhe eingespart werden. Auf die hiermit verbundenen Vorteile wurde schon oben verwiesen. Due to the provided on both narrow longitudinal sides of the suction boxes 19 perforated plates 19a, the hot air on both opposite sides of the suction boxes 19 can enter into the interior. This has the consequence that, unlike in the prior art, the interstices between the superimposed suction boxes 19 are traversed by air and the sections of the fibers 20 located here are surrounded by air. This route Therefore, unlike the prior art, regions are effective for the oxidation process. With the same furnace length, furnace height can therefore be saved compared with oxidation furnaces according to the state of the art, as described above. The advantages associated with this have already been referred to above.
Während das oben beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel eines Oxidationsöfens speziell auf die "center-to-end" Luft- führung zugeschnitten ist, eignet sich das nachfolgend anhand der Figur 4 beschriebene Ausführungsbeipiel für alle Arten der Luftführung, also auch für eine solche, die vertikal oder horizontal senkrecht zur Faserrichtung verläuft . While the embodiment of an oxidation furnace described above is tailored specifically to the "center-to-end" air duct, the exemplary embodiment described below with reference to FIG. 4 is suitable for all types of air ducts, including those that are vertical or horizontal to the fiber direction.
In Figur 4 ist in ähnlicher Weise wie in Figur 3 ein In Figure 4 is in a similar manner as in Figure 3 a
vertikaler Schnitt durch einen Endbereich eines Oxidationsöfens 101 dargestellt, der demjenigen der Figur 3 ähnelt, jedoch hinsichtlich der Schleuseneinrichtung 123 mehr shown in vertical section through an end portion of an oxidation 101, which is similar to that of Figure 3, but with respect to the lock device 123 more
Details zeigt. Auch bei dem Oxidationsöfen 101 der Figur 4 werden die Absaugeinrichtungen 115 von einem Stapel übereinanderliegender Absaugkästen 119 gebildet. Anders als die Absaugkästen 19 des ersten Ausführungsbeispieles sind die Absaugkästen 119 der Figur 4 nur an der nach außen zeigenden schmalen Seite mit Eintrittsöffnungen für das Gas versehen, während die gegenüberliegende schmale Seite, die zur Mitte des Prozessraumes 6 zeigt, verschlossen ist . An der Ober- und der Unterseite der Absaugkästen 119 sind Winkelprofile 125 befestigt, die sich quer zur Strömungsrichtung der Luft (durch Pfeile angedeutet) erstrecken. Diese Winkelprofile 125 haben die Aufgabe, den Luftwiderstand zu erhöhen und die Absaugung zu vergleichmäßigen. Details shows. In the case of the oxidation furnace 101 of FIG. 4 too, the suction devices 115 are formed by a stack of overlying suction boxes 119. Unlike the suction boxes 19 of the first embodiment, the suction boxes 119 of Figure 4 are provided only on the outwardly facing narrow side with gas inlet openings, while the opposite narrow side facing the center of the process chamber 6 is closed. At the top and the bottom of the suction boxes 119 angle profiles 125 are attached, which extend transversely to the flow direction of the air (indicated by arrows). These angle profiles 125 have the task to increase the air resistance and to even out the suction.
Im Luftweg zwischen den Aubsaugkästen 119 und den Luft- leitäumen 7 und 12 der Figur 2 kann für jeden Absaugkasten 119 eine individuell einstellbare Drosselklappe (nicht gezeigt) vorgesehen sein, um den abgesaugten Volumenstrom für jeden Absaugkasten 119 gleich zu halten. In the airway between the Aubsaugkästen 119 and the air Leading 7 and 12 of Figure 2, for each suction box 119 an individually adjustable throttle valve (not shown) may be provided to keep the extracted volume flow for each suction box 119 the same.
Die Schleuseneinrichtung 123 umfasst ein äußeres, The lock device 123 comprises an outer,
gefaltetes, profiliertes Blech 126 als Abschlusswand zu Außenatmosphäre, das an denjenigen Stellen, in denen die Fäden 120 durchtreten, mit entsprechenden Durchtrittsöff - nungen 127 versehen ist. Auf der Höhe von jedem Absaugkasten 119 ist ein Luftkanal 128 angebracht, der im Sinne des Pfeiles 129 mit unter Druck stehender Frischluft versorgt werden kann. An dem dem Blech 126 benachbarten Ende sind an den Luftkanal 128 gewinkelte Luftleitbleche 130 angeformt oder befestigt. Zwischen diesen Luftleitblechen 130 und dem Blech 126 ergeben sich, wie in der Zeichnung dargestellt und durch kleine Pfeile symbolisiert, schmale Durchgänge für die Luft, die auf diesem Wege insbesondere in den Bereich der Öffnungen 127 in dem Blech 126 gelangen. folded, profiled sheet 126 as end wall to outside atmosphere, which is provided with corresponding passage openings 127 at those points in which the threads 120 pass through. At the height of each suction box 119, an air channel 128 is attached, which can be supplied in the direction of the arrow 129 with pressurized fresh air. At the end adjacent to the sheet 126, angled air baffles 130 are integrally formed or attached to the air channel 128. As shown in the drawing and symbolized by small arrows, narrow passages for the air, which in this way in particular reach the region of the openings 127 in the sheet 126, arise between these air guide plates 130 and the sheet 126.
Ein anderer Teil der Luft strömt in Richtung auf den Another part of the air is flowing towards the
Prozessraum 106, gelangt jeweils in einen Luftraum 131 und stößt dann auf die durch die Zwischenräume zwischen Process chamber 106, each enters an airspace 131 and then encounters the through between the spaces between
den Absaugkästen 119 nach außen strömende Luft. Dies hat zur Folge, dass beide Luftströme nach oben und unten ausweichen und nunmehr in den Bereich der offenen schmalen Seiten der Absaugkästen 119 gelangen. Von dort werden sie durch die Innenräume der verschiedenen Absaugkästen 119 abgesaugt. the suction boxes 119 outward flowing air. This has the consequence that both air streams dodge up and down and now reach the area of the open narrow sides of the suction boxes 119. From there they are sucked through the interiors of the various suction boxes 119.
Aufgrund des Überdruckes der in die Luftkanäle 128 und damit in die Lufträume 131 eingeführten Luft ist es nicht möglich, dass Gase aus dem Innenraum des Oxidationsofens 1, die gesundheitsschädlich sein können, aus dem Oxidations- ofen 101 austreten. Due to the overpressure of the introduced into the air channels 128 and thus in the air spaces 131 air, it is not possible that gases from the interior of the oxidation furnace 1, which may be harmful to health, exit from the oxidation furnace 101.

Claims

Patentansprüche  claims
Oxidationsofen zur oxidativen Behandlung von Fasern, insbesondere zur Herstellung von Kohlefasern, mit einem Gehäuse, das abgesehen von Einlass- und Auslas bereichen für die Fasern gasdicht ist; einem im Innenraum des Gehäuses befindlichen Prozess räum; einer Einblaseinrichtung, mit welcher Heißluft in den Prozessraum einblasbar ist; mindestens einer in einem Endbereich des Prozessraumes angeordneten Absaugeinrichtung, welche heiße Luft aus dem Prozessraum absaugt und eine Mehrzahl von in vertikalem Abstand voneinander angeordneten Absaugkästen umfasst, die mindestens eine Auslassöffnung für die heiße Luft und an einer Seite mindestens eine mit dem Prozessraum kommunizierende Einlassöffnung für heiße Luft aufweisen; mindestens einem Ventilator, der die heiße Luft durch die Einblaseinrichtung, den Prozessraum und die Absaugeinrichtung umwälzt; mindestens einer im Strömungsweg der heißen umgewälzten Luft liegenden Heizeinrichtung; Oxidation furnace for the oxidative treatment of fibers, in particular for the production of carbon fibers, with a housing which is gas-tight except for inlet and outlet areas for the fibers; a spatially located in the interior of the housing process; a blowing device with which hot air can be injected into the process space; at least one suction device arranged in an end region of the process space, which sucks hot air from the process space and comprises a plurality of vertically spaced suction boxes, the at least one outlet opening for the hot air and at one side at least one communicating with the process space inlet opening for hot Have air; at least one fan that circulates the hot air through the sparger, the process space and the suction device; at least one heater located in the flow path of the hot circulating air;
Führungsrollen, welche die Fasern serpentinenartig durch die Zwischenräume zwischen übereinander!ie- genden Absaugkästen führen; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass h) mindestens eine mit dem Prozessraum (6) kommunizierende Einlassöffnung (19a) in der nach außen weisenden, also von der Prozessraummitte entfernten Seite der Absaugkästen (19) vorgesehen ist. 2. Oxidationsofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit dem Prozessraum (6) kommunizierende Einlassöffnungen (19a) in zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Absaugkästen (19) vorgesehen sind. 3. Oxidationsofen nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in den Einlassbereichen (3, 4) des Gehäuses (2) Schleuseneinrichtungen (122) vorgesehen sind, die für jeden zwischen den Absaugkästen (119) liegenden Zwischenraum einen mit diesem kommunizierenden Luftraum (131) besitzen, der von der Außenatmosphäre durch eine Abschlusswand (126) getrennt ist, die nur Durchlässe Guide rollers which guide the fibers serpentinely through the spaces between one another lead suction boxes; characterized in that h) at least one inlet opening (19a) communicating with the process space (6) is provided in the side of the suction boxes (19) pointing outwards, ie away from the process space center. 2. oxidation furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that with the process space (6) communicating inlet openings (19 a) in two opposite sides of the suction boxes (19) are provided. 3. Oxidation furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the inlet regions (3, 4) of the housing (2) lock devices (122) are provided, for each between the suction boxes (119) lying intermediate space communicating with this airspace ( 131) separated from the outside atmosphere by an end wall (126) having only passages
(127) für die Fasern (120) aufweist, und der mit unter Überdruck stehender Luft beaufschlagbar ist . (127) for the fibers (120), and which can be acted upon with pressurized air.
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CN102753741A (en) 2012-10-24
JP2013519004A (en) 2013-05-23
EP2534286B1 (en) 2014-07-16
US8955235B2 (en) 2015-02-17
US20120304479A1 (en) 2012-12-06
US20120304480A1 (en) 2012-12-06
WO2011098215A1 (en) 2011-08-18
US9441881B2 (en) 2016-09-13
DE102010007481A1 (en) 2011-08-11
DE102010007481B4 (en) 2012-07-12
CN102753741B (en) 2014-11-05
JP5856081B2 (en) 2016-02-09

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