DE2809927A1 - DRAIN COOLER - Google Patents

Description

Polysius AG, Beckum

Shaft cooler

The invention relates to a shaft cooler with material feed at the top and material discharge at the lower end, containing in the shaft interior a number of spaced apart, a cooling medium leading Cooling channels.

Such a shaft cooler is an indirectly acting cooler, i.e. the one to be cooled Good, especially fine-grained to coarse-lumped material coming from a kiln (e.g. cement clinker) becomes not brought into direct contact with the cooling medium, but only with the cooling surfaces of the cooling channels which the cooling medium is passed through. One advantage of such a shaft cooler is that, if a gaseous cooling medium (in particular cooling air) is used, this cooling medium after leaving of the cooler are not freed from entrained good particles by separate separation devices got to.

There are already different shaft cooler designs has been proposed (e.g. DE-AS 15 08 564 and 20 10 601), in which the cooling medium carrying the cooling medium

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channels have a relatively narrow, flat or approximately flat-oval cross-sectional shape, the cooling channels superimposed horizontal rows can be arranged offset to one another with a gap. In However, practice has shown that the goods to be cooled in such a shaft cooler even with the Gap offset arranged cooling channels are often discharged very unevenly cooled at the lower end of the cooler will.

The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a shaft cooler of the type mentioned at the beginning improve that with a particularly favorable thermal efficiency a largely uniform cooling of the to cooling goods can be achieved with cooling channels that are relatively easy to manufacture.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a such profiling of the generally approximately vertically aligned cooling channels that that between adjacent cooling channels existing product flow zones have an axis that deviates several times from the straight-line vertical course.

With this embodiment of the invention The refrigerated goods sliding down between the cooling channels in the goods flow zones become cooling channels on its entire vertical path repeatedly intensively circulated, so that all refrigerated goods in the course of their downward movement repeatedly have intensive contact with the cooling channels through which the cooling medium flows; through this intense In addition, the product is circulated through intensive, repeated mixing of the refrigerated product particles with one another, what a mutual heat exchange and thus a particularly good temperature adjustment of all refrigerated goods brings with it. In this way, that owns the

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Cooler leaving good a substantially uniformly low temperature everywhere, what with a relatively favorable thermal efficiency is achieved.

The cooling channels required to achieve such a cooling effect can be relatively simple and inexpensive getting produced.

The cooling channels of the shaft cooler according to the invention are parallel to one another and in the transverse direction of the shaft aligned approximately horizontally and extend from one shaft wall to the opposite shaft wall, so that the cooling medium is introduced into the cooling channels in an extremely simple manner and at the other end (at the opposite shaft wall) can be discharged again.

According to a first embodiment of the invention each cooling channel has an approximately zigzag-like cross-sectional shape in its general vertical direction, the bends of the individual zigzag parts at an angle of about 60 to 160 °, preferably about 100 to 120 °. Overall, these cooling channels have a particularly large area in contact with the goods to be cooled upcoming cooling surface, and they guarantee at the same time a particularly intensive and multiple circulation of the goods carried between them (in the goods flow zones).

According to another embodiment of the invention show all cooling channels have an angled cross-sectional shape that is particularly easy to manufacture.

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In this last-mentioned embodiment, it is furthermore advantageous if the cooling channels have an approximately isosceles angular shape and the angle formed between 60 and 160 °, preferably between 100 and 120 °, and in the associated cooling shaft in several vertical rows are each arranged at approximately equal distances from one another. That way will too in the case of the more simply designed cooling channels (with an angular cross-section) a sufficient cooling effect and circulation of the goods to be cooled achieved.

However, each of these explained embodiments of the cooling channels is characterized by great stability against deformation (due to the pressure of the moving item). The manufacture of these cooling channels can be done in a simple way by folding »

According to the invention, it is also advantageous if in a cooling shaft several superimposed shaft compartments with correspondingly arranged cooling channels and product flow zones formed therebetween are provided, the product flow zones all being one above the other Manhole compartments are openly connected to each other. The height of such a cooling shaft can be in this way modularly adapted to the respective purpose of the shaft cooler.

With a shaft cooler for large throughputs It is also advantageous if several cooling shafts are arranged in a row next to one another and through a common upper Gutzuführraumes are connected to each other, in which one over the entire length of the Gutzuführraumes running Gutverteilerförderer is provided. All cooling shafts lying next to each other can thus be loaded largely evenly with refrigerated goods

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be sent.

The shaft cooler according to the invention can generally be used as a single unit. Particularly beneficial it is, however, when used as an indirect cooling stage of a multi-stage cooling device downstream of a kiln. In such a case it is generally preferred that this indirectly acting shaft cooler as a second cooling stage is the first cooling stage after the kiln forming, emitting its entire heated cooling air as combustion air to the furnace, acting directly Downstream of the cooler, with which it is then connected by a mechanical conveyor.

Further details of the invention emerge from the remaining subclaims and from the following description some embodiments based on the drawing. Show it

1 shows a largely schematic,

partially sectioned overall view of a shaft cooler according to the invention, which as indirectly acting second cooling stage of a two-stage, downstream of a kiln Cooling device is inserted;

2 shows an enlarged detailed view according to the detail II in Fig.1, to illustrate a first embodiment and arrangement the cooling channels according to the invention?

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3 shows a simplified cross-sectional view of the shaft dryer along the line IH-111 in Fig.1;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged illustration of a similar one

Section like Figure 2, but with a second embodiment and arrangement of the cooling channels.

In Figure 1 is an inventive, indirectly acting Shaft cooler 1 illustrates which is used as the second cooling stage of a two-stage cooling device is, which is connected downstream of a kiln 2, which is designed, for example, as a rotary kiln, and is the first Cooling stage after the rotary kiln 2 a direct-acting cooler 3 of any design (therefore only schematically indicated), of which preferably the entire heated cooling air as combustion air in the rotary kiln 2 is introduced. The direct-acting cooler 3 is supported by a mechanical overhead conveyor 4 (e.g. deep cell conveyor or bucket conveyor) connected to the material inlet chute of the shaft cooler 1 according to the invention; preferably At the outlet of the first cooler 3 there is still a pre-shredding device in a manner known per se (not shown in more detail) is provided which reduces the pre-cooled goods to be fed to the conveyor 4 to a minimum piece size crushed.

In general, the shaft cooler according to the invention can be designed with only one cooling shaft. In the one shown in Fig.1 illustrated embodiment, however, a relatively large material throughput is expected, so that the shaft cooler 1 contains several cooling shafts 6 lying directly next to one another (in the illustrated embodiment

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_ 12 _

management example four shafts), which are arranged in a row and have a common outer housing can.

However, the design and arrangement of coolant channels is particularly important for the present invention 7 in the interiors of the individual cooling shafts. These cooling channels 7 are spaced apart in the Arranged shaft interiors and intended for the guidance of a cooling medium, as will be explained later. According to the invention, these generally approximately vertically oriented cooling channels 7 (cf. FIG. 1) are formed by such a Profiling characterized in that the existing between adjacent cooling channels 8 good flow zones a Multiple axis 9 deviating from the straight-line vertical course (see FIG. 2). The cooling channels 7 are in Shaft transverse direction parallel to each other and approximately horizontally aligned, and they extend from one Longitudinal shaft wall 6a to the opposite longitudinal wall 6b, as indicated in Figure 3, i.e. the Cooling channels extend in their longitudinal direction over the entire clear shaft interior, which in the horizontal cross-section approximately rectangular shape.

The formation and arrangement of the shaft cooler design Cooling channels 7 used according to FIG. T will now be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. As As can be clearly seen from this FIG. 2, each cooling air duct 7 has its general vertical orientation an approximately zigzag-like cross-sectional shape, which is created by any number of adjacent bends 7a is formed, i.e. the closed hollow

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space of each cooling channel 7 is by parallel and spaced from each other, appropriately beveled Walls formed. Each of the bends 7a can have an angle of about 60 to 160 ° (depending on the good and the desired throughput time); in the illustrated In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2, the angle oL enclosed by the bends 7a is approximately 110 °. It can also be seen that there are two cooling channels that are adjacent to one another in the horizontal direction have an approximately equal distance A from one another over their entire height. That way is an approximately zigzag-shaped material flow zone is formed between every two adjacent cooling channels 7. The distances A and thus the widths of the material flow zones 8 are primarily dependent on the size of the piece to be cooled Good as well as depending on the desired intensity of the product cooling and the desired throughput time.

With regard to the design and arrangement of the cooling channels 7, it should also be pointed out that they are designed and arranged in relation to one another in such a way that sufficient contact cooling and sufficient circulation of the sliding material is guaranteed in each case. It can also be clearly seen from the illustration in FIG. 2 that the cooling channels 7 designed according to the invention can be produced by simply folding metal sheets and can be welded together with relatively few seams; Due to the multiple bevelling of the cooling channel walls, excellent stability of the cooling channels is also achieved. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the cooling channels T to be arranged on a shaft wall can also be designed in a simplified manner in such a way that

the corresponding straight shaft wall (e.g. 6c) at the same time is used as a wall of the cooling channel V, so that - as also shown in FIG such a cooling channel only needs to have a zigzag beveled wall 7'b; on the zigzag shape compared to the other adjacent cooling channels 7 and the intermediate product flow zones 8 nothing changes.

Coming back to the representation of the shaft cooler 1 in Figure 1 can also be seen here that each cooling shaft 6 is a plurality of superimposed Shaft compartments 10a, 10b, 10c, 1Od (ie four shaft compartments), in which the cooling channels 7 in the explained manner with material flow zones 8 formed in between are provided, wherein the material flow zones 8 of all stacked shaft compartments 10a to 10d are openly connected to one another. However, it is pointed out that any other number of shaft compartments per shaft (in extreme cases only one shaft compartment) can be provided.

The division of a cooling shaft 6 into several stacked shaft compartments brings several Advantages with. On the one hand, the approximately cuboid-shaped individual shaft sections 10a make it easier to 10d the design and assembly of such a shaft cooler and on the other hand can thereby be more advantageous Way a multiple transverse guidance and deflection of the cooling medium passed through the cooling channels 7 achieve, as it is "shown in Figure 3 by the arrows 11. For this purpose, the cooling channels two superimposed shaft compartments, e.g. 10a and 10b, 10b and 10c etc., through an outer

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connecting line 12, 12a, 12b for the cooling medium connected to one another at the corresponding shaft sides 6a, 6b. The cooling air used as the cooling medium is preferably only applied to the cooling channels 7 of each lower shaft compartment 10a directly from a cooling air fan 13 via a connecting line 14 supplied so that the cooling air then successively the shaft compartments 10a, 10b, 10c, 1Od in The flow is transverse and is then discharged from the uppermost shaft compartments 10d (cf. arrows 15).

The cooling shafts 6, which are arranged directly next to one another in a row, stand through a common upper one Gutzuführraum 16 in connection with each other (see. Fig. 1), in which a material distribution conveyor 17 running over the entire length of the material supply space 16 is provided. This Gutverteilerförderer is preferably designed as a drag chain conveyor 17 and acts along its length also arranged in the upper Gutzuführraum 16 classifying grate 18 in such a way that the lower Drag chain center 17a on the grate bars of the classifying grate that run in the longitudinal direction of the Gutzuführraumes 16 18 slides along. In this way that is brought up with the conveyor 4 and through the chute 5 Well at least partially dragged over the classifying grate 18, with most of the to be cooled then Good falls through to the bottom and is distributed over the individual shafts 6, while that does not go through the classifying grate 18 coarse material falling through at the coarse material outlet 18a of the classifying grate into an adjoining one below and at the end of the shaft cooler 1 arranged coarse material shaft 19 falls into it. At the lower end of this coarse shaft 19 is a shredding device 20, with the help of which this coarse material initially is crushed before it is added to the cooled material.

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It can also be clearly seen from FIG. 1 that all cooling ducts 6 are known per se at their lower end Have multiple good outlets 21. These gut runs 21 can also be used in a known manner as a function of the material outlet temperature measured there and / or the shaft fill level (determined via known fill level measuring elements that are not illustrated) are controlled, so that overall a substantially continuous operation of the shaft cooler 1 results. The crop outlets 21 of all cooling shafts 6 are connected to a common crop removal device 22 (e.g. a belt conveyor), above which the outlet of the coarse material shaft 19 ends.

While in the case of the previously described with reference to FIGS Embodiment the cooling channels have an essentially zigzag-shaped profile, they can of course also have any other suitable profiling or cross-sectional shape that the bring about the desired guiding and cooling effect for the product through appropriate multiple deflection and circulation can.

In Figure 4 is a second embodiment for the Profiling of the cooling channels in an enlarged section (similar to Fig.2) of a cooling shaft illustrated.

In this case, all cooling channels 30 are angled Cross-sectional shape executed. These cooling channels 30 (as illustrated) preferably have an approximately isosceles Angular shape, with the shape of the legs of the

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angles cL included in these cooling channels 30 can in turn be between 60 and 160 °, preferably between 100 and 120 °; in the illustrated embodiment, the angle φ is approximately 110 °. The size of the angle J ^ as well as the arrangement (one above the other and next to one another) of these cooling channels 30 depends in general mainly on the particle size of the goods to be cooled and on the desired intensity of cooling and the transit time of the goods through a shaft, these factors by choice a larger or smaller angle as well as by the mutual spacing of the cooling channels 30 lying next to and on top of one another.

In the example of Figure 4, the cooling channels 30 in the associated cooling shaft 6 'are in a plurality of verticals Rows 31, 32 each arranged one above the other at approximately the same intervals. Here is the arrangement of the cooling channels 30 in each vertical row 31, 32 selected so that the adjacent cooling channels lying one above the other are slightly offset in the horizontal direction and spaced apart from one another; since the cooling channels 30 of each row of cooling channels 31, 32 with their angular outer sides (e.g. 30a, 30b) point towards each other and thereby parallel Form mutually lying guide surfaces for the goods to be cooled, the adjacent vertical Cooling channel rows 31 and 32 have a total of approximately the same spacing from one another and are in each case opposite one another Cooling channels 30 of these adjacent rows 31, with their angular inner sides 30c directed towards one another are, arise both between the adjacent rows of cooling channels 31, 32 and between the individual Cooling channels 30 of each vertical cooling channel row in turn

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Goods passage zones 33 with an axis that deviates several times from the straight-line vertical course, e.g. 34.

If one follows in FIG. 4 the course of the refrigerated goods moving from top to bottom using the dash-dotted lines Plotted axes 34, it can be seen that the refrigerated goods on its way from the upper end of a The cooling shaft to the lower end is not only deflected several times from the straight, vertical course, but also divided several times and these good-part flows, which are repeatedly divided, are constantly with other good-part flows is remixed. On the one hand, this causes an extremely intensive flushing of the cooling channel walls formed cooling surfaces by the goods and on the other hand a constant equalization of all refrigerated goods each other in terms of their temperature.

Apart from the changed profiling and arrangement of these cooling channels 30 themselves, the design and the mode of operation of this shaft cooler must be the same as described with reference to FIGS.

Finally, it should be noted in general that in the case of those previously explained and illustrated in the drawing Embodiments of cooling air is preferred as the cooling medium, but that in some embodiments Other cooling gas or a suitable cooling liquid (e.g. water) as the cooling medium can be used.

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Claims (16)

Claims Shaft cooler with material feed at the top and material discharge at the lower end, contained in the shaft interior a number of mutually spaced apart cooling channels carrying a cooling medium, characterized by such a profiling of the generally approximately vertically oriented Cooling channels (7; 30) that the product flow zones (8; 33) present between adjacent cooling channels have an axis (9; 34) which deviates several times from the straight-line vertical course. 2. shaft cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling channels (7; 30) in the transverse direction of the shaft are aligned parallel to each other and approximately horizontally and extend from a shaft wall (e.g. 6a) to to the opposite shaft wall (e.g. 6b). 3. Shaft cooler according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that each cooling channel (7) has an approximately zigzag-like cross-sectional shape in its general vertical orientation, the bends (7a) having an angle ( ck> ) of about 60 to 160 ° , preferably about 100 to 120 °, include " 4. Shaft cooler according to claim 3, characterized in that that in each case two cooling channels (7) adjacent to one another in the horizontal direction over their entire height have approximately the same distance (A) from one another everywhere, so that there is also one in between approximately zigzag-shaped material flow zone (8) is formed is. 5. shaft cooler according to claims 1 and 2, characterized characterized in that all cooling channels (30) have an angled cross-sectional shape. 6. shaft cooler according to claim 5, characterized in that the cooling channels (30) have an approximately isosceles angular shape and the angle formed is between 60 and 160 °, preferably between 100 and 120 °, wherein they in the associated cooling shaft (6 ¹ ) in a plurality of vertical rows (31, 32) are arranged one above the other at approximately the same intervals. 7. shaft cooler according to claim 6, characterized in that that in each vertical row of cooling channels (31, 32) the adjacent cooling channels lying one above the other (30) are slightly offset in the horizontal direction and arranged with a gap to each other and with their Angular outer sides (30a, 30b) point towards one another and thereby guide surfaces lying parallel to one another form for the goods to be cooled, the adjacent vertical rows of cooling channels (31, 32) as a whole have approximately the same spacing from one another and the cooling channels opposite one another in each case adjacent rows are directed against each other with their angular insides (30c). 909837/0256 8. shaft cooler according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling channels (7; 30) for the use of gas, in particular cooling air, . are designed as a cooling medium. 9. shaft cooler according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a cooling shaft (6) with several shaft compartments (10a, 10b, 10c, 1Od) lying one above the other correspondingly arranged cooling channels (7) and material flow zones (8) formed in between are provided, with the product flow zones of all shaft compartments lying one above the other open to one another are connected. 10. Shaft cooler according to claim 9, characterized in that the cooling channels (7) are two on top of each other horizontal shaft compartments (e.g. 10a and 10b, 10b and 10c ...) through an external connecting line (12, 12a, 12b) for the cooling medium (arrows 11) are connected to one another and only the cooling channels of the lowest Shaft compartment (10a) are connected directly to a cooling medium source (13). 11. shaft cooler according to claims 9 and 10, characterized in that a plurality of cooling shafts (6) in are arranged in a row next to each other and through a common upper Gutzuführraum (16) with each other are in connection, in which a material distribution conveyor running over the entire length of the material supply space is provided. 909837/0256 12. Shaft cooler according to claim 11, characterized in that that the Gutverteilerförderer is designed as a drag chain conveyor (17) and on his Length cooperates with a classifying grate (18) also arranged in the upper material feed space (16), its coarse material outlet with a coarse material shaft directly adjoining the cooling shafts (6) (19) is in connection, which at its lower end has a shredding device (20) owns. 13. shaft cooler according to claims 9 to 12, characterized in that all cooling shafts (6) on have the lower end of multiple material outlets (21), which depend on the material outlet temperature measured there and / or the shaft fill level are controllable. 14. Shaft cooler according to claim 13, characterized in that that the crop outlets (21) of all shafts (6, 19) over a common crop removal device (22) are arranged. 15. Shaft cooler according to the preceding claims, characterized in that it acts as an indirectly acting cooling stage (1) of a multi-stage cooling device is used, which is connected downstream of a furnace (2). 909837/0266 16. Shaft cooler according to claim 15, characterized in that it is the first as the second cooling stage (1) Cooling stage after the kiln (2) forming its entire heated cooling air as combustion air the furnace releasing, directly acting cooler (3) is arranged downstream and with this by a mechanical conveyor (4) is in communication. 909837/0256