EP2533864B1 - Extinguishing agent - Google Patents

Extinguishing agent Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2533864B1
EP2533864B1 EP10799020.2A EP10799020A EP2533864B1 EP 2533864 B1 EP2533864 B1 EP 2533864B1 EP 10799020 A EP10799020 A EP 10799020A EP 2533864 B1 EP2533864 B1 EP 2533864B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extinguishing agent
water
sparingly soluble
lithium
extinguishing
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP10799020.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2533864A1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Woehrle
Stephan Leuthner
Rainer Kern
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Samsung SDI Co Ltd
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Robert Bosch GmbH
Samsung SDI Co Ltd
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Publication of EP2533864A1 publication Critical patent/EP2533864A1/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0064—Gels; Film-forming compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0007—Solid extinguishing substances
    • A62D1/0014—Powders; Granules
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
    • A62D1/005—Dispersions; Emulsions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a use of an extinguishing agent for fire fighting and fire prevention, especially in lithium-ion batteries.
  • US2008176141 discloses a flame retardant polymer electrolyte composition comprising a modified maleimide, a lithium salt, and at least one ionic solution.
  • the present polymer electrolyte composition serves as a flame retardant in lithium batteries. It is also known to use water as an extinguishing agent and to add thickening agents or so-called gel formers to the water in order to increase the viscosity. Water with increased viscosity or water in gel form has a better cooling performance.
  • a lithium-ion cell means a galvanic element which contains at least one electrode which can reversibly remove or store lithium ions.
  • extinguishing agent which is adapted to fire fighting in lithium-ion systems.
  • Conventional extinguishing agents either have a too low cooling capacity, that is, they evaporate to a large extent ineffective, or they are not able to bind especially in lithium-ion systems escaping hazardous substances and thus prevent them from entering the environment.
  • LiPF 6 lithium hexafluorophosphate
  • phosphorus trifluoride (POF 3 ), phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) can arise. This species represents a great danger to humans and the environment.
  • an extinguishing agent from a suspension comprising at least water, a sparingly water-soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation and a water thickening agent, for fire fighting and fire prevention, whereby a lithium-ion battery is extinguished.
  • this extinguishing agent With the use according to the invention of this extinguishing agent, it is advantageously possible to prevent a fire on lithium-ion systems, or even to extinguish them after they have arisen.
  • the sparingly soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation also binds phosphorus trifluoride, phosphoric acid and hydrogen fluoride.
  • dissolved salts such as calcium chloride CaCl 2
  • the suspended powder which is finely distributed in water, exerts no competing interaction with the gelling agent, which would reduce the cooling effect of the extinguishing agent.
  • the water thickener causes an increase in viscosity and gelification of the liquid.
  • the extinguishing agent according to the invention therefore has a gel-like consistency. This advantageously prevents ineffective evaporation of the water from impinging on a fire and at the same time the gelling agent itself and the sparingly soluble suspended powder in this gel-type extinguishing agent is stable and evenly distributed.
  • the extinguishing agent according to the invention can be advantageously adapted to a particular application.
  • a combination of a water-based gel extinguishing agent with a sparingly soluble salt with a cation based on calcium, magnesium or strontium, which with hydrogen fluoride (HF) to a water-insoluble fluoride salt is suitable to combat lithium-ion fires.
  • the gel extinguishing agent provides sufficient cooling and the reactive salt chemically binds the hydrogen fluoride and other toxic species that may be formed.
  • extinguishing agent according to the invention can also be used in a wide variety of extinguishing systems, for example in stationary high-pressure mist systems for lithium-ion test stands, hand-held fire extinguishers or transport containers from which extinguishing agents are dispensed in a hazardous situation.
  • the calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) is the sparingly soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation.
  • calcium carbonate or lime is advantageously used a comparatively inexpensive and environmentally friendly substance.
  • Calcium carbonate binds hydrogen fluoride (HF) to form sparingly soluble calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ).
  • the extinguishing agent with a proportion of between 5 wt.% And 30 wt.% Has the sparingly soluble salt.
  • a quantity of the reactive, sparingly soluble salt is advantageously provided in the case of fire fighting or fire prevention, with which virtually all pollutants, such as hydrogen fluoride, can be bound.
  • the sparingly soluble salt has an average particle size between 0.2 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m. This advantageously provides a grain size of the sparingly soluble salt with which the sparingly soluble salt has an optimally large surface in order to rapidly bind the harmful species by chemical reaction.
  • the extinguishing agent used in the inventive use is based on water, as a base, a sparingly water-soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation, such as a carbonate to bind, for example, resulting hydrogen fluoride or phosphorus trifluoride (POF 3 ) by a chemical reaction, and on a thickener , whereby the extinguishing agent receives a higher viscosity and thus a gel-like consistency.
  • a water-based gel has an increased cooling effect. This results from the fact that the water molecules are held in some degree by interaction with the gelling agent and can be separated only by additional energy supply.
  • the thickener can be used as the thickener.
  • the viscosity of the extinguishing agent according to the invention can be adapted to the respective application.
  • protective layers of the extinguishing agent which are arranged as a precaution in containers for safety, have a greater viscosity in order to facilitate the handling of such containers, and sprayed extinguishing agent can be compared to obtain a lower viscosity to ensure good sprayability.
  • salt with an alkaline earth metal cation lime, so calcium carbonate is preferably used.
  • the mean grain diameter of the salt is between 0.2 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m, preferably 1 to 2 ⁇ m, and is added to the extinguishing agent in a proportion of between 5% by weight and 30% by weight, preferably 15% by weight.
  • other salts with the cations magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) of the second main group of the periodic table are also provided, wherein Be is not suitable and Ba is too poisonous.
  • the process according to the invention for producing the extinguishing agent will be described in more detail below.
  • a viscous quenching gel eg Firesorp TM
  • the extinguishing gel such as Firesorp TM dissolved in water (for example, 2%) and, for example, lime entered with a mean grain diameter of 2 microns (eg, 15 weight percent).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Verwendung eines Löschmittels zur Brandbekämpfung und Brandvorbeugung, insbesondere bei Lithium-Ionen-Batterien.The present invention relates to a use of an extinguishing agent for fire fighting and fire prevention, especially in lithium-ion batteries.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Löschmittel und Löschverfahren für unterschiedliche Einsatzmöglichkeiten ist bekannt.A variety of different extinguishing and extinguishing methods for different applications is known.

So gehen beispielsweise aus der DE 40 12 549 A1 ein Verfahren zur Bekämpfung und Löschung von Bränden und eine Vorrichtung zu dessen Durchführung hervor, mit dessen Hilfe auf der Grundlage der Nasslöschung eine verbesserte Löschwirkung bei Verringerung der durch das Löschen verursachten Umweltbelastung erzielt werden soll. Dabei werden Kalzium-Fällungsprodukte und/oder besonders aktiviertes Kalziumkarbonat, das heißt besonders fein gemahlenes bzw. fein verteiltes, umwelt- und gesundheitsverträgliches Kalziumkarbonat eingesetzt. Dieses soll brennende Oberflächen sofort versiegeln und eine Reaktionskette unterbrechen. Toxische, aus der thermischen Zersetzung der Kunststoffe freigesetzten Gase und Schadstoffe reagieren dabei mit dem Kalziumkarbonat und werden gebunden. Die DE 40 12 549 A1 eignet sich jedoch nur für Brände der Klassen A, B, oder C. Nach diesem Stand der Technik können jedoch keine Lithium-Ionen-Batterien bekämpft werden.So go for example from the DE 40 12 549 A1 a method for controlling and extinguishing fires and a device for carrying it out, with the help of which, based on the wet quenching, an improved extinguishing effect is to be achieved while reducing the pollution caused by the quenching. In this case, calcium precipitation products and / or particularly activated calcium carbonate, that is to say particularly finely ground or finely distributed, environmentally and health-compatible calcium carbonate are used. This should immediately seal burning surfaces and interrupt a reaction chain. Toxic, released from the thermal decomposition of plastics gases and pollutants react with the calcium carbonate and are bound. The DE 40 12 549 A1 however, it is only suitable for Class A, B or C fires. However, this prior art can not combat lithium-ion batteries.

So bieten auch die Druckschriften WO 2005/014115 A1 Löschmittel mit Kalziumkarbonat-Anteilen an. Diese werden entweder mit einem superabsorbierenden Polymer (SAP) oder einem Tensid zur Verbesserung der Benetzungseigenschaften kombiniert.So offer the pamphlets WO 2005/014115 A1 Extinguishing agent with calcium carbonate components. These are either with a superabsorbent polymer (SAP) or a surfactant to improve the wetting properties combined.

US2008176141 offenbart eine flammhemmende Polymer-ElektrolytZusammensetzung, die ein modifiziertes Maleinimid, ein Lithium-Salz, und mindestens eine ionische Lösung umfasst. Die vorliegende Polymer-ElektrolytZusammensetzung dient als Flammschutzmittel in Lithiumbatterien. Es ist auch bekannt, Wasser als Löschmittel zu verwenden und dem Wasser Verdickungsmittel bzw. sogenannte Gelbildner beizusetzen, um die Viskosität zu erhöhen. Wasser mit erhöhter Viskosität beziehungsweise Wasser in Gelform weist eine bessere Kühlleistung auf. US2008176141 discloses a flame retardant polymer electrolyte composition comprising a modified maleimide, a lithium salt, and at least one ionic solution. The present polymer electrolyte composition serves as a flame retardant in lithium batteries. It is also known to use water as an extinguishing agent and to add thickening agents or so-called gel formers to the water in order to increase the viscosity. Water with increased viscosity or water in gel form has a better cooling performance.

Die Begriffe Lithium-Ionen-Zelle, -Batterie, -System, -Batteriesysteme, werden im Folgenden synonym benutzt. Dabei ist mit einer Lithium-Ionen-Zelle ein galvanisches Element gemeint, das mindestens eine Elektrode enthält, welche Lithium-Ionen reversibel aus- bzw. einlagern kann.The terms lithium-ion cell, battery, system, battery systems are used synonymously below. In this case, a lithium-ion cell means a galvanic element which contains at least one electrode which can reversibly remove or store lithium ions.

Es ist kein Löschmittel bekannt, welches angepasst an eine Brandbekämpfung bei Lithium-Ionen-Systemen ist. Herkömmliche Löschmittel weisen entweder eine zu geringe Kühlleistung auf, das heißt, sie verdunsten zu großen Teilen wirkungslos, oder sie vermögen es nicht speziell bei Lithium-Ionen-Systemen entweichende gefährdende Stoffe zu binden und somit zu verhindern, dass diese in die Umwelt gelangen.There is no extinguishing agent known, which is adapted to fire fighting in lithium-ion systems. Conventional extinguishing agents either have a too low cooling capacity, that is, they evaporate to a large extent ineffective, or they are not able to bind especially in lithium-ion systems escaping hazardous substances and thus prevent them from entering the environment.

Eine Leckage oder auch ein Brand bewirkt bei Lithium-Ionen-Systemen eine Exmittierung von hoch reaktiven und giftigen Spezies, wie Phosphoroxidtrifluorid (POF3) oder Flusssäure (HF). Dies resultiert aus der Tatsache, dass in praktisch allen Lithium-Ionen-Systemen oder Lithium-Ionen-Polymer-Systemen das Leitsalz Lithium-hexa-fluorophosphat (LiPF6) eingesetzt wird, welches beim Öffnen der Zelle austritt und in hochgiftige, korrosive und reaktionsfähige Spezies umgewandelt wird. Dabei können Phosphoroxidtrifluorid (POF3), Phosphorsäure (H3PO4) und Fluorwasserstoff (HF) entstehen. Diese Spezies stellt eine große Gefahr für Menschen und Umwelt dar.Leakage or fire in lithium-ion systems causes the emission of highly reactive and toxic species, such as phosphorus oxytrifluoride (POF 3 ) or hydrofluoric acid (HF). This results from the fact that virtually all lithium-ion systems or lithium-ion polymer systems use the conductive salt lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ), which exits upon opening the cell and into highly toxic, corrosive and reactive Species is converted. In this case, phosphorus trifluoride (POF 3 ), phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) can arise. This species represents a great danger to humans and the environment.

Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention

Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Verwendung eines Löschmittel aus einer Suspension zur Verfügung gestellt, welche zumindest Wasser, ein in Wasser schwerlösliches Salz mit einem Erdalkalimetall-Kation und ein Wasser-Verdickungsmittel umfasst, zur Brandbekämpfung und Brandvorbeugung, wobei eine Lithium-Ionen-Batterie gelöscht wird.According to the invention there is provided a use of an extinguishing agent from a suspension comprising at least water, a sparingly water-soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation and a water thickening agent, for fire fighting and fire prevention, whereby a lithium-ion battery is extinguished.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung dieses Löschmittels ist es vorteilhaft ermöglicht einem Brand an Lithium-Ionen-Systemen vorzubeugen, oder diesen nach Entstehen auch zu löschen. Das eingesetzte schwerlösliche Salz mit einem Erdalkalimetall-Kation bindet auch Phosphoroxidtrifluorid, Phosphorsäure und Fluorwasserstoff. Das im Wasser feinverteilte, suspendierte Pulver übt zudem vorteilhaft im Unterschied zu gelösten Salzen, wie Kalziumchlorid CaCl2 keine Konkurrenz-Wechselwirkung zum Gelbildner aus, womit ein Kühleffekt des Löschmittels reduziert wäre.With the use according to the invention of this extinguishing agent, it is advantageously possible to prevent a fire on lithium-ion systems, or even to extinguish them after they have arisen. The sparingly soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation also binds phosphorus trifluoride, phosphoric acid and hydrogen fluoride. In addition, in contrast to dissolved salts, such as calcium chloride CaCl 2, the suspended powder, which is finely distributed in water, exerts no competing interaction with the gelling agent, which would reduce the cooling effect of the extinguishing agent.

Zudem wird vorteilhaft verhindert, dass gefährliche Stoffe, wie Phosphoroxidtrifluorid (POF3), Phosphorsäure (H3PO4) oder Fluorwasserstoff (HF) in die Umwelt gelangen. Durch den Einsatz von schwerlöslichem Salz mit Erdalkalimetall-Kation ist nach einem Löschvorgang kein freies Fluorid-Anion im Löschwasser nachweisbar.In addition, it is advantageously prevented that hazardous substances such as phosphorus trifluoride (POF3), phosphoric acid (H3PO4) or hydrogen fluoride (HF) get into the environment. Due to the use of sparingly soluble salt with alkaline earth metal cation, no free fluoride anion can be detected in the extinguishing water after a quenching process.

Das Wasser-Verdickungsmittel bewirkt eine Erhöhung der Viskosität sowie eine Gelifizierung der Flüssigkeit. Das erfindungsgemäße Löschmittel weist daher eine gelartige Konsistenz auf. Dadurch ist vorteilhaft eine wirkungslose Verdunstung des Wassers vor einem Auftreffen auf einen Brandherd verhindert und gleichzeitig ist der Gelbildner selbst und das schwerlösliche suspendierte Pulver in diesem gelartigen Löschmittel stabil und gleichmäßig verteilt. Mittels einer Veränderung der Viskosität durch Wasser-Verdickungsmittel kann das erfindungsgemäße Löschmittel vorteilhaft an eine jeweilige Anwendung angepasst werden. Ein Beispiel für diesen Stand der Technik ist die EP1817086B1 . Nach diesem Stand der Technik können keine Lithium-Ionen-Batterie-Brände bekämpft werden, da die giftigen und korrosiven Spezies die bei der Brandbekämpfung mit einem rein Wasser-basierten Löschmittel naturgemäß durch Hydrolyse des Leitsalzes Lithium-hexa-Fluoro-Phosphats (LiPF6) freigesetzt werden, nicht niedergeschlagen werden.The water thickener causes an increase in viscosity and gelification of the liquid. The extinguishing agent according to the invention therefore has a gel-like consistency. This advantageously prevents ineffective evaporation of the water from impinging on a fire and at the same time the gelling agent itself and the sparingly soluble suspended powder in this gel-type extinguishing agent is stable and evenly distributed. By means of a change in the viscosity by means of water thickening agent, the extinguishing agent according to the invention can be advantageously adapted to a particular application. An example of this prior art is the EP1817086B1 , According to this state of the art, no lithium-ion battery fires can be combated, since the toxic and corrosive species, which in the fire fighting with a pure water-based extinguishing agent naturally by hydrolysis of the conductive salt lithium hexa-fluoro-phosphate (LiPF 6 ) be released, not be knocked down.

Überraschenderweise zeigt sich jedoch, dass eine Kombination eines Wasser-basierten Gel-Löschmittel mit einem schwerlöslichen Salz mit einem Kation basierend auf Kalzium, Magnesium oder Strontium, welches mit Fluorwasserstoff (HF) zu einem in Wasser nicht-löslichen Fluorid-Salz reagiert, geeignet ist, um Lithium-Ionen-Brände zu bekämpfen. Durch das Gel-Löschmittel wird eine ausreichende Kühlwirkung bereitgestellt und das reaktive Salz bindet den Fluorwasserstoff und weitere toxische Spezies, die entstehen können, chemisch ab.Surprisingly, however, it turns out that a combination of a water-based gel extinguishing agent with a sparingly soluble salt with a cation based on calcium, magnesium or strontium, which with hydrogen fluoride (HF) to a water-insoluble fluoride salt, is suitable to combat lithium-ion fires. The gel extinguishing agent provides sufficient cooling and the reactive salt chemically binds the hydrogen fluoride and other toxic species that may be formed.

Das erfindungsgemäße Löschmittel ist zudem in verschiedensten Löschanlagen verwendbar, beispielsweise in stationären Hochdruck-Nebel-Anlagen für Lithium-Ionen-Prüfstände, Handfeuerlöschern oder auch Transportbehältern, aus denen in einem Gefahrenfall Löschmittel gespendet wird.The extinguishing agent according to the invention can also be used in a wide variety of extinguishing systems, for example in stationary high-pressure mist systems for lithium-ion test stands, hand-held fire extinguishers or transport containers from which extinguishing agents are dispensed in a hazardous situation.

In einer besonderen Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass das Kalziumkarbonat (CaCO3) das schwerlösliche Salz mit einem Erdalkalimetall-Kation ist. Mit Kalziumkarbonat beziehungsweise Kalk ist vorteilhaft eine vergleichsweise preisgünstige und umweltverträgliche Substanz eingesetzt. Kalziumkarbonat bindet Fluorwasserstoff (HF) unter Bildung des in Wasser schwerlöslichen Kalziumfluorids (CaF2) ab.In a particular embodiment it is provided that the calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) is the sparingly soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation. With calcium carbonate or lime is advantageously used a comparatively inexpensive and environmentally friendly substance. Calcium carbonate binds hydrogen fluoride (HF) to form sparingly soluble calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ).

In einer weiteren besonderen Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass das Löschmittel mit einem Anteil zwischen 5 Gew.% und 30 Gew.% das schwerlösliche Salz aufweist. Mit diesem Stoffverhältnis ist bei einer Brandbekämpfung oder Brandvorsorge vorteilhaft eine Menge am reaktiven, schwerlöslichen Salz bereitgestellt, mit der nahezu alle Schadstoffe, wie Fluorwasserstoff, gebunden werden können.In a further particular embodiment it is provided that the extinguishing agent with a proportion of between 5 wt.% And 30 wt.% Has the sparingly soluble salt. With this substance ratio, a quantity of the reactive, sparingly soluble salt is advantageously provided in the case of fire fighting or fire prevention, with which virtually all pollutants, such as hydrogen fluoride, can be bound.

In einer weiteren besonderen Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass das schwerlösliche Salz eine mittlere Korngröße zwischen 0,2 µm und 10 µm aufweist. Hiermit ist vorteilhaft eine Korngröße des schwerlöslichen Salzes bereitgestellt, mit der das schwerlösliche Salz eine optimal große Oberfläche besitzt, um die schädlichen Spezies durch chemische Reaktion schnell zu binden.In a further particular embodiment, it is provided that the sparingly soluble salt has an average particle size between 0.2 μm and 10 μm. This advantageously provides a grain size of the sparingly soluble salt with which the sparingly soluble salt has an optimally large surface in order to rapidly bind the harmful species by chemical reaction.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben und in der Beschreibung beschrieben.Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims and described in the description.

Ausführungsformen der ErfindungEmbodiments of the invention

Das in der erfindungsgemäßen Verwendung eingesetzte Löschmittel basiert auf Wasser, als Grundlage, einem im Wasser schwerlöslichen Salz mit einem Erdalkalimetall-Kation, beispielsweise einem Karbonat, um beispielsweise entstandenen Fluorwasserstoff oder auch Phosphoroxidtrifluorid (POF3) durch eine chemische Reaktion abzubinden, und auf einem Verdickungsmittel, wodurch das Löschmittel eine höhere Viskosität und damit eine gelartige Konsistenz erhält. Ein wasserbasiertes Gel hat erhöhte Kühlwirkung. Dies resultiert aus der Tatsache, dass die Wassermoleküle durch Wechselwirkung mit dem Gelbildner gewissermaßen festgehalten werden und erst durch zusätzliche Energiezufuhr getrennt werden können.The extinguishing agent used in the inventive use is based on water, as a base, a sparingly water-soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation, such as a carbonate to bind, for example, resulting hydrogen fluoride or phosphorus trifluoride (POF 3 ) by a chemical reaction, and on a thickener , whereby the extinguishing agent receives a higher viscosity and thus a gel-like consistency. A water-based gel has an increased cooling effect. This results from the fact that the water molecules are held in some degree by interaction with the gelling agent and can be separated only by additional energy supply.

Als Verdickungsmittel können handelsübliche Mittel, zum Beispiel Firesorp™ eingesetzt werden. Mit der Menge der Zugabe kann die Viskosität des erfindungsgemäßen Löschmittels an den jeweiligen Einsatzzweck angepasst werden. So können beispielsweise Schutzschichten aus dem Löschmittel, die zur Sicherheit vorsorglich in Behältnissen angeordnet sind eine größere Viskosität aufweisen, um den Umgang mit derartigen Behältnissen zu erleichtern, und zu verspritzende Löschmittel können im Vergleich dazu eine niedrigere Viskosität erhalten, um eine gute Verspritzbarkeit zu gewährleisten.Commercially available agents, for example Firesorp ™, can be used as the thickener. With the amount of addition, the viscosity of the extinguishing agent according to the invention can be adapted to the respective application. Thus, for example, protective layers of the extinguishing agent, which are arranged as a precaution in containers for safety, have a greater viscosity in order to facilitate the handling of such containers, and sprayed extinguishing agent can be compared to obtain a lower viscosity to ensure good sprayability.

Durch die gegenüber normalem Wasser erhöhte Viskosität ist eine bessere Kühlleistung des Löschmittels erreicht und die im Löschmittel enthaltenen Salze sind homogener verteilt.Due to the increased viscosity compared to normal water, a better cooling performance of the extinguishing agent is achieved and the salts contained in the extinguishing agent are distributed more homogeneously.

Als Salz mit einem Erdalkalimetall-Kation ist erfindungsgemäß Kalk, also Kalziumkarbonat vorzugsweise eingesetzt. Der mittlere Korndurchmesser des Salzes beträgt zwischen 0,2 µm und 10 µm, vorzugsweise 1 - 2 µm und ist dem Löschmittel in einem Anteil zwischen 5 Gew.% und 30 Gew.%, vorzugsweise 15 Gew.% beigefügt. Erfindungsgemäß sind auch andere Salze mit den Kationen Magnesium (Mg), Kalzium (Ca), Strontium (Sr) der 2. Hauptgruppe des Periodensystems vorgesehen, wobei Be nicht geeignet und Ba zu giftig ist.As salt with an alkaline earth metal cation according to the invention lime, so calcium carbonate is preferably used. The mean grain diameter of the salt is between 0.2 μm and 10 μm, preferably 1 to 2 μm, and is added to the extinguishing agent in a proportion of between 5% by weight and 30% by weight, preferably 15% by weight. According to the invention, other salts with the cations magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr) of the second main group of the periodic table are also provided, wherein Be is not suitable and Ba is too poisonous.

Durch eine Verkleinerung der Korngröße kann die Oberfläche, die für Reaktionen bereitsteht, und damit die Reaktivität erhöht werdern. Mit einer Korngröße zwischen 0,2 µm und 10 µm ist eine optimale Größe erreicht, um entstandenen Fluorwasserstoff und andere Gefahrenstoffe schnell zu binden.By reducing the grain size, the surface area available for reactions and thus the reactivity can be increased. With a grain size between 0.2 .mu.m and 10 .mu.m, an optimum size has been reached in order to quickly bind resulting hydrogen fluoride and other hazardous substances.

Nachfolgend wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung des Löschmittels näher beschrieben. Die Spendung des erfindungsgemäßen Löschmittels mit den Komponenten a) Wasser, b) schwerlösliches Karbonat als Fluorfänger, c) Gel, welches Wasser bindet, erfolgt in einer Suspension des schwerlöslichen Karbonates in einem viskosen Lösch-Gel (z. B. Firesorp ™). Dazu wird zunächst das Löschgel wie zum Beispiel Firesorp ™in Wasser (zum Beispiel 2%) gelöst und beispielsweise Kalk mit einem mittleren Korndurchmesser von 2µm eingetragen (z. B. 15 Gewichtsprozent).The process according to the invention for producing the extinguishing agent will be described in more detail below. The donation of the extinguishing agent according to the invention with the components a) water, b) sparingly soluble carbonate as fluorene scavenger, c) gel, which binds water, takes place in a suspension of the sparingly soluble carbonate in a viscous quenching gel (eg Firesorp ™). For this purpose, first the extinguishing gel such as Firesorp ™ dissolved in water (for example, 2%) and, for example, lime entered with a mean grain diameter of 2 microns (eg, 15 weight percent).

Claims (4)

  1. Use of an extinguishing agent composed of a suspension comprising at least water, a salt which has a cation based on calcium, magnesium or strontium and is sparingly soluble in water and a water thickener, for fire fighting and fire prevention, characterized in that a lithium ion battery is extinguished.
  2. Use according to Claim 1, wherein calcium carbonate (CaCO3) is the sparingly soluble salt.
  3. Use according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the extinguishing agent comprises the sparingly soluble salt in a proportion in the range from 5% by weight to 30% by weight.
  4. Use according to any of Claims 1 to 3, wherein the sparingly soluble salt has an average particle size in the range from 0.2 µm to 10 µm.
EP10799020.2A 2010-02-10 2010-12-21 Extinguishing agent Not-in-force EP2533864B1 (en)

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DE102010001741A DE102010001741A1 (en) 2010-02-10 2010-02-10 extinguishing Media
PCT/EP2010/070363 WO2011098188A1 (en) 2010-02-10 2010-12-21 Extinguishing agent

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EP2533864A1 EP2533864A1 (en) 2012-12-19
EP2533864B1 true EP2533864B1 (en) 2016-03-16

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EP (1) EP2533864B1 (en)
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CN110478842A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-11-22 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 Lithium electricity compound fire-extinguishing agent
CN110812765A (en) * 2019-11-14 2020-02-21 江苏佳泰消防科技有限公司 High-molecular gel super-concentrated fire extinguishing agent and preparation method thereof

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WO2011098188A1 (en) 2011-08-18
EP2533864A1 (en) 2012-12-19
US20130207018A1 (en) 2013-08-15
DE102010001741A1 (en) 2011-08-11

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