EP2533864A1 - Extinguishing agent - Google Patents

Extinguishing agent

Info

Publication number
EP2533864A1
EP2533864A1 EP10799020A EP10799020A EP2533864A1 EP 2533864 A1 EP2533864 A1 EP 2533864A1 EP 10799020 A EP10799020 A EP 10799020A EP 10799020 A EP10799020 A EP 10799020A EP 2533864 A1 EP2533864 A1 EP 2533864A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
extinguishing agent
water
soluble salt
extinguishing
fire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10799020A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2533864B1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Woehrle
Stephan Leuthner
Rainer Kern
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Samsung SDI Co Ltd
Original Assignee
SB LiMotive Germany GmbH
SB LiMotive Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SB LiMotive Germany GmbH, SB LiMotive Co Ltd filed Critical SB LiMotive Germany GmbH
Publication of EP2533864A1 publication Critical patent/EP2533864A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2533864B1 publication Critical patent/EP2533864B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0064—Gels; Film-forming compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0007—Solid extinguishing substances
    • A62D1/0014—Powders; Granules
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
    • A62D1/0028—Liquid extinguishing substances
    • A62D1/005—Dispersions; Emulsions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an extinguishing agent, a process for the production, a fire-fighting system with this extinguishing agent and a use of this extinguishing agent for fire fighting and fire prevention, especially in lithium-ion batteries.
  • DE 40 12 549 A1 discloses a method for controlling and extinguishing fires and a device for its implementation, with the help of which, based on the wet quenching an improved extinguishing effect in reducing the caused by the deletion
  • calcium precipitation products and / or particularly activated calcium carbonate that is, especially finely ground or finely divided, umweit- and health-compatible
  • lithium-ion cell battery, system, battery systems are used synonymously below. It is a galvanic with a lithium-ion cell
  • Meant element which contains at least one electrode which can reversibly take out or store lithium ions.
  • a leak or a fire causes a lithium-ion systems
  • an extinguishing agent is provided from a suspension which comprises at least water, a sparingly water-soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation and a water thickener.
  • the sparingly soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation also binds phosphorus trifluoride, phosphoric acid and hydrogen fluoride.
  • the finely divided in the water, suspended powder also exerts beneficial in Unlike dissolved salts, such as calcium chloride CaCl 2 no competitive interaction with the gelling agent, which would be a cooling effect of the extinguishing agent would be reduced.
  • the water thickener causes an increase in viscosity and a
  • the extinguishing agent according to the invention therefore has a gel-like consistency. This is advantageous an ineffective
  • the gelling agent itself and the sparingly soluble suspended powder are stably and evenly distributed in this gel-type extinguishing agent.
  • the extinguishing agent according to the invention can be advantageously adapted to a particular application.
  • An example of this prior art is the
  • extinguishing agent according to the invention can also be used in a wide variety of extinguishing systems, for example in stationary high-pressure mist systems for lithium-ion test rigs, portable fire extinguishers or transport containers from which extinguishing agents are dispensed in a hazardous situation.
  • the calcium carbonate (CaC0 3 ) is the sparingly soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation.
  • calcium carbonate or lime is advantageously used a comparatively inexpensive and environmentally friendly substance.
  • calcium carbonate binds hydrogen fluoride (HF) to form calcium sparingly soluble in water (CaF 2 ).
  • the extinguishing agent with a proportion of between 5 wt.% And 30 wt.%
  • Fire fighting or fire prevention advantageously provides a lot of reactive, poorly soluble salt, with almost all pollutants, such as
  • the sparingly soluble salt has an average particle size between 0.2 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m. This advantageously provides a grain size of the sparingly soluble salt with which the sparingly soluble salt has an optimally large surface in order to rapidly bind the harmful species by chemical reaction.
  • the extinguishing agent according to the invention is preferably implemented in all its embodiments in a firefighting system.
  • a firefighting system is likewise provided, with an extinguishing agent of the type described above.
  • This advantageously provides a system by means of which lithium-ion systems can also be extinguished effectively and in an environmentally sound manner.
  • a method for producing the extinguishing agent and a use of an extinguishing agent of the type mentioned above are also provided. This is advantageous for use in firefighting and
  • a lithium-ion battery is extinguished. This advantageously prevents hazardous substances such as phosphorus trifluoride (POF 3 ), phosphoric acid (H 3 P0 4 ) or hydrogen fluoride (HF) from entering the environment. Due to the use of sparingly soluble salt with alkaline earth metal cation is after a deletion process, no free fluoride anion in
  • the extinguishing agent according to the invention is based on water, as a base, a sparingly water-soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation, such as a carbonate, for example, resulting hydrogen fluoride or else
  • Phosphorus trifluoride (POF 3 ) by a chemical reaction, and on a thickener, whereby the extinguishing agent receives a higher viscosity and thus a gel-like consistency.
  • a water-based gel has an increased cooling effect. This results from the fact that the water molecules are held in some degree by interaction with the gelling agent and can be separated only by additional energy supply.
  • the thickener can be used as the thickener.
  • the viscosity of the extinguishing agent according to the invention can be adapted to the respective application.
  • protective layers of the extinguishing agent which are arranged as a precaution in containers for safety, have a greater viscosity in order to facilitate the handling of such containers, and sprayed extinguishing agent can be compared to obtain a lower viscosity in order to ensure good sprayability.
  • the average particle diameter of the salt is between 0.2 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m, preferably 1 to 2 ⁇ m, and is added to the extinguishing agent in a proportion of between 5% by weight and 30% by weight, preferably 15% by weight.
  • Other salts with the cations are also according to the invention Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr) of the 2nd main group of the
  • the grain size By reducing the grain size, the surface area available for reactions and thus the reactivity can be increased. With a particle size between 0.2 ⁇ and 10 ⁇ an optimal size is achieved to quickly bind resulting hydrogen fluoride and other hazardous substances.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an extinguishing agent, to a method for the production thereof, to a fire-fighting system comprising said extinguishing agent, and to a use of said extinguishing agent for fire fighting and fire prevention, in particular for lithium ion batteries. For this purpose, an extinguishing agent is prepared from a suspension which comprises at least water, a salt which is hardly soluble in water and comprises a cation of the elements calcium, magnesium, strontium and a water thickener. The invention further relates to a fire-fighting system comprising said extinguishing agent and to a use of the extinguishing agent of the above-mentioned type.

Description

Beschreibung  description
Titel title
Löschmittel  extinguishing Media
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Löschmittel, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung, eine Brandbekämpfungsanlage mit diesem Löschmittel und eine Verwendung dieses Löschmittels zur Brandbekämpfung und Brandvorbeugung, insbesondere bei Lithium-Ionen-Batterien. The present invention relates to an extinguishing agent, a process for the production, a fire-fighting system with this extinguishing agent and a use of this extinguishing agent for fire fighting and fire prevention, especially in lithium-ion batteries.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Löschmittel und Löschverfahren für A variety of different extinguishing agents and extinguishing methods for
unterschiedliche Einsatzmöglichkeiten ist bekannt. different applications is known.
So geht beispielsweise aus der DE 40 12 549 A1 ein Verfahren zur Bekämpfung und Löschung von Bränden und eine Vorrichtung zu dessen Durchführung hervor, mit dessen Hilfe auf der Grundlage der Nasslöschung eine verbesserte Löschwirkung bei Verringerung der durch das Löschen verursachten Thus, for example, from DE 40 12 549 A1 discloses a method for controlling and extinguishing fires and a device for its implementation, with the help of which, based on the wet quenching an improved extinguishing effect in reducing the caused by the deletion
Umweltbelastung erzielt werden soll. Dabei werden Kalzium-Fällungsprodukte und/oder besonders aktiviertes Kalziumkarbonat, das heißt besonders fein gemahlenes bzw. fein verteiltes, umweit- und gesundheitsverträgliches Environmental impact is to be achieved. In this case, calcium precipitation products and / or particularly activated calcium carbonate, that is, especially finely ground or finely divided, umweit- and health-compatible
Kalziumkarbonat eingesetzt. Dieses soll brennende Oberflächen sofort versiegeln und eine Reaktionskette unterbrechen. Toxische, aus der thermischen Zersetzung der Kunststoffe freigesetzten Gase und Schadstoffe reagieren dabei mit dem Kalziumkarbonat und werden gebunden. Die DE 40 12 549 A1 eignet sich jedoch nur für Brände der Klassen A, B, oder C. Nach diesem Stand der Technik können jedoch keine Lithium-Ionen-Batterien bekämpft werden. Calcium carbonate used. This should immediately seal burning surfaces and interrupt a reaction chain. Toxic, released from the thermal decomposition of plastics gases and pollutants react with the calcium carbonate and are bound. However, DE 40 12 549 A1 is only suitable for class A, B or C fires. According to this prior art, however, lithium-ion batteries can not be combated.
Es ist auch bekannt, Wasser als Löschmittel zu verwenden und dem Wasser Verdickungsmittel bzw. sogenannte Gelbildner beizusetzen um die Viskosität zu erhöhen. Wasser mit erhöhter Viskosität beziehungsweise Wasser in Gelform weist eine bessere Kühlleistung auf. It is also known to use water as extinguishing agent and to add to the water thickener or so-called gelling agent to the viscosity increase. Water with increased viscosity or water in gel form has a better cooling performance.
Die Begriffe Lithium-Ionen-Zelle, -Batterie, -System, -Batteriesysteme, werden im Folgenden synonym benutzt. Dabei ist mit einer Lithium-Ionen-Zelle ein galvanischesThe terms lithium-ion cell, battery, system, battery systems are used synonymously below. It is a galvanic with a lithium-ion cell
Element gemeint, das mindestens eine Elektrode enthält, welche Lithium-Ionen reversibel aus bzw. einlagern kann. Meant element which contains at least one electrode which can reversibly take out or store lithium ions.
Es ist kein Löschmittel bekannt, welches angepasst an eine Brandbekämpfung bei Lithium-Ionen-Systemen ist. Herkömmliche Löschmittel weisen entweder eine zu geringe Kühlleistung auf, das heißt sie verdunsten zu großen Teilen There is no extinguishing agent known, which is adapted to fire fighting in lithium-ion systems. Conventional extinguishing agents either have too low a cooling capacity, ie they evaporate to a large extent
wirkungslos, oder sie vermögen es nicht speziell bei Lithium-Ionen-Systemen entweichende gefährdende Stoffe zu binden und somit zu verhindern, dass diese in die Umwelt gelangen. Ineffective, or they are not able to bind escaping specific hazardous substances in lithium-ion systems and thus prevent them from entering the environment.
Eine Leckage oder auch ein Brand bewirkt bei Lithium-Ionen-Systemen eine A leak or a fire causes a lithium-ion systems
Exmittierung von hoch reaktiven und giftigen Spezies, wie Phosphoroxidtrifluorid (POF3) oder Flusssäure (HF). Dies resultiert aus der Tatsache, dass in praktisch allen Lithium-Ionen-Systemen oder Lithium-Ionen-Polymer-Systemen das Exposing of highly reactive and toxic species, such as phosphorus oxytrifluoride (POF 3 ) or hydrofluoric acid (HF). This results from the fact that in virtually all lithium ion systems or lithium ion polymer systems
Leitsalz Lithium-hexa-fluorophosphat (LiPF6) eingesetzt wird, welches beim Conducting salt lithium hexa-fluorophosphate (LiPF 6 ) is used, which in the
Öffnen der Zelle austritt und in hoch giftige, korrosive und reaktionsfähige Open the cell leaking and into highly toxic, corrosive and reactive
Spezies umgewandelt wird. Dabei können Phosphoroxidtrifluorid (POF3), Species is converted. Phosphorus oxide trifluoride (POF 3 ),
Phosphorsäure (H3P04) und Fluorwasserstoff (HF) entstehen. Diese Spezies stellt eine große Gefahr für Menschen und Umwelt dar. Phosphoric acid (H 3 P0 4 ) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) arise. This species represents a great danger to humans and the environment.
Offenbarung der Erfindung Disclosure of the invention
Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Löschmittel aus einer Suspension zur Verfügung gestellt, welche zumindest Wasser, ein in Wasser schwerlösliches Salz mit einem Erdalkalimetall-Kation und ein Wasser- Verdickungsmittel umfasst. According to the invention, an extinguishing agent is provided from a suspension which comprises at least water, a sparingly water-soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation and a water thickener.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Löschmittel ist es vorteilhaft ermöglicht einem With the extinguishing agent according to the invention, it is advantageous allows one
Brand an Lithium-Ionen-Systemen vorzubeugen, oder diesen nach Entstehen auch zu löschen. Das eingesetzte schwerlösliche Salz mit einem Erdalkalimetall- Kation bindet auch Phosphoroxidtrifluorid, Phosphorsäure und Fluorwasserstoff.Prevent fire on lithium-ion systems, or delete this after emergence also. The sparingly soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation also binds phosphorus trifluoride, phosphoric acid and hydrogen fluoride.
Das im Wasser feinverteilte, suspendierte Pulver übt zudem vorteilhaft im Unterschied zu gelösten Salzen, wie Kalziumchlorid CaCI2 keine Konkurrenz- Wechselwirkung zum Gelbildner aus, womit ein Kühleffekt des Löschmittels reduziert wäre. Das Wasser-Verdickungsmittel bewirkt eine Erhöhung der Viskosität sowie eineThe finely divided in the water, suspended powder also exerts beneficial in Unlike dissolved salts, such as calcium chloride CaCl 2 no competitive interaction with the gelling agent, which would be a cooling effect of the extinguishing agent would be reduced. The water thickener causes an increase in viscosity and a
Gelifizierung der Flüssigkeit. Das erfindungsgemäße Löschmittel weist daher eine gelartige Konsistenz auf. Dadurch ist vorteilhaft eine wirkungslose Gelification of the liquid. The extinguishing agent according to the invention therefore has a gel-like consistency. This is advantageous an ineffective
Verdunstung des Wassers vor einem Auftreffen auf einen Brandherd verhindert und gleichzeitig ist der Gelbildner selbst und das schwerlösliche suspendierte Pulver in diesem gelartigen Löschmittel stabil und gleichmäßig verteilt. Mittels einer Veränderung der Viskosität durch Wasser-Verdickungsmittel kann das erfindungsgemäße Löschmittel vorteilhaft an eine jeweilige Anwendung angepasst werden. Ein Beispiel für diesen Stand der Technik ist die At the same time, the gelling agent itself and the sparingly soluble suspended powder are stably and evenly distributed in this gel-type extinguishing agent. By means of a change in the viscosity by means of water thickening agent, the extinguishing agent according to the invention can be advantageously adapted to a particular application. An example of this prior art is the
EP1817086B1. Nach diesem Stand der Technik können keine Lithium-Ionen- Batterie-Brände bekämpft werden, da die giftigen und korrosiven Spezies die bei der Brandbekämpfung mit einem rein Wasser-basierten Löschmittel naturgemäß durch Hydrolyse des Leitsalzes Lithium-hexa-Fluoro-Phosphats (LiPF6) frei gesetzt werden, nicht niedergeschlagen werden. Überraschenderweise zeigt sich jedoch, dass eine Kombination eines Wasser- basierten Gel-Löschmittel mit einem schwerlöslichen Salz mit einem Kation basierend auf Kalzium, Magnesium oder Strontium, welches mit Fluorwasserstoff (HF) zu einem in Wasser nicht-löslichen Fluorid-Salz reagiert, geeignet ist, um Lithium-Ionen-Brände zu bekämpfen. Durch das Gel-Löschmittel wird eine ausreichende Kühlwirkung bereitgestellt und das reaktive Salz bindet denEP1817086B1. According to this prior art, no lithium-ion battery fires can be combated, since the toxic and corrosive species in the fire fighting with a purely water-based extinguishing agent naturally by hydrolysis of the conductive salt of lithium hexa-fluoro-phosphate (LiPF 6 ) be set free, not be knocked down. Surprisingly, however, it has been found that a combination of a water-based gel extinguishing agent with a sparingly soluble salt having a cation based on calcium, magnesium or strontium, which reacts with hydrogen fluoride (HF) to form a water-insoluble fluoride salt, is suitable to combat lithium-ion fires. The gel-extinguishing agent provides a sufficient cooling effect and the reactive salt binds the
Fluorwasserstoff und weitere toxische Spezies, die entstehen können, chemisch ab. Hydrogen fluoride and other toxic species that may arise chemically.
Das erfindungsgemäße Löschmittel ist zudem in verschiedensten Löschanlagen verwendbar, beispielsweise in stationären Hochdruck-Nebel-Anlagen für Lithium- Ionen- Prüfstände, Handfeuerlöschern oder auch Transportbehältern, aus denen in einem Gefahrenfall Löschmittel gespendet wird.  The extinguishing agent according to the invention can also be used in a wide variety of extinguishing systems, for example in stationary high-pressure mist systems for lithium-ion test rigs, portable fire extinguishers or transport containers from which extinguishing agents are dispensed in a hazardous situation.
In einer besonderen Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass das Kalziumkarbonat (CaC03) das schwerlösliche Salz mit einem Erdalkalimetall-Kation ist. Mit Kalziumkarbonat beziehungsweise Kalk ist vorteilhaft eine vergleichsweise preisgünstige und umweltverträgliche Substanz eingesetzt. Kalziumkarbonat bindet Fluorwasserstoff (HF) unter Bildung des in Wasser schwerlöslichen Kalziumfluorid (CaF2) ab. In a particular embodiment it is provided that the calcium carbonate (CaC0 3 ) is the sparingly soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation. With calcium carbonate or lime is advantageously used a comparatively inexpensive and environmentally friendly substance. calcium carbonate binds hydrogen fluoride (HF) to form calcium sparingly soluble in water (CaF 2 ).
In einer weiteren besonderen Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass das Löschmittel mit einem Anteil zwischen 5 Gew.% und 30 Gew.% das  In a further particular embodiment it is provided that the extinguishing agent with a proportion of between 5 wt.% And 30 wt.% The
schwerlösliche Salz aufweist. Mit diesem Stoffverhältnis ist bei einer having sparingly soluble salt. With this substance ratio is at a
Brandbekämpfung oder Brandvorsorge vorteilhaft eine Menge am reaktiven, schwerlöslichen Salz bereitgestellt, mit der nahezu alle Schadstoffe, wie  Fire fighting or fire prevention advantageously provides a lot of reactive, poorly soluble salt, with almost all pollutants, such as
Fluorwasserstoff, gebunden werden können. In einer weiteren besonderen Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass das schwerlösliche Salz eine mittlere Korngröße zwischen 0,2 μηη und 10 μηη aufweist. Hiermit ist vorteilhaft eine Korngröße des schwerlöslichen Salzes bereitgestellt, mit der das schwerlösliche Salz eine optimal große Oberfläche besitzt, um die schädlichen Spezies durch chemische Reaktion schnell zu binden. Hydrogen fluoride, can be bound. In a further particular embodiment, it is provided that the sparingly soluble salt has an average particle size between 0.2 μm and 10 μm. This advantageously provides a grain size of the sparingly soluble salt with which the sparingly soluble salt has an optimally large surface in order to rapidly bind the harmful species by chemical reaction.
Das erfindungsgemäße Löschmittel ist in allen seinen Ausführungsformen vorzugsweise in einer Brandbekämpfungsanlage implementiert. Erfindungsgemäß wird ebenfalls eine Brandbekämpfungsanlage bereitgestellt, mit einem Löschmittel der oben beschrieben Art. Hiermit ist vorteilhaft eine Anlage bereitgestellt, mittels welcher auch Lithium-Ionen-Systeme wirkungsvoll und umweltverträglich gelöscht werden können. Erfindungsgemäß wird ebenfalls ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des Löschmittels und eine Verwendung eines Löschmittels der oben genannten Art bereitgestellt. Hiermit ist vorteilhaft eine Verwendung für Brandbekämpfung und The extinguishing agent according to the invention is preferably implemented in all its embodiments in a firefighting system. According to the invention, a firefighting system is likewise provided, with an extinguishing agent of the type described above. This advantageously provides a system by means of which lithium-ion systems can also be extinguished effectively and in an environmentally sound manner. According to the invention, a method for producing the extinguishing agent and a use of an extinguishing agent of the type mentioned above are also provided. This is advantageous for use in firefighting and
Brandvorbeugung bereitgestellt, die mittels bekannter Brandschutzanlagen oder Löschanlagen realisiert werden kann. Provided fire prevention, which can be realized by means of known fire protection systems or extinguishing systems.
In einer besonderen Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass eine Lithium-Ionen- Batterie gelöscht wird. Hiermit wird vorteilhaft verhindert, dass gefährliche Stoffe, wie Phosphoroxidtrifluorid (POF3), Phosphorsäure (H3P04) oder Fluorwasserstoff (HF) in die Umwelt gelangen. Durch den Einsatz von schwerlöslichem Salz mit Erdalkalimetall-Kation ist nach einem Löschvorgang kein freies Fluorid-Anion imIn a particular embodiment, it is provided that a lithium-ion battery is extinguished. This advantageously prevents hazardous substances such as phosphorus trifluoride (POF 3 ), phosphoric acid (H 3 P0 4 ) or hydrogen fluoride (HF) from entering the environment. Due to the use of sparingly soluble salt with alkaline earth metal cation is after a deletion process, no free fluoride anion in
Löschwasser nachweisbar. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben und in der Beschreibung beschrieben. Extinguishing water detectable. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims and described in the description.
Ausführungsformen der Erfindung Embodiments of the invention
Das erfindungsgemäße Löschmittel basiert auf Wasser, als Grundlage, einem im Wasser schwerlöslichen Salz mit einem Erdalkalimetall-Kation, beispielsweise einem Karbonat, um beispielsweise entstandenen Fluorwasserstoff oder auchThe extinguishing agent according to the invention is based on water, as a base, a sparingly water-soluble salt with an alkaline earth metal cation, such as a carbonate, for example, resulting hydrogen fluoride or else
Phosphoroxidtrifluorid (POF3) durch eine chemische Reaktion abzubinden, und auf einem Verdickungsmittel, wodurch das Löschmittel eine höhere Viskosität und damit eine gelartige Konsistenz erhält. Ein wasserbasiertes Gel hat erhöhte Kühlwirkung. Dies resultiert aus der Tatsache, dass die Wassermoleküle durch Wechselwirkung mit dem Gelbildner gewissermaßen festgehalten werden und erst durch zusätzliche Energiezufuhr getrennt werden können. Phosphorus trifluoride (POF 3 ) by a chemical reaction, and on a thickener, whereby the extinguishing agent receives a higher viscosity and thus a gel-like consistency. A water-based gel has an increased cooling effect. This results from the fact that the water molecules are held in some degree by interaction with the gelling agent and can be separated only by additional energy supply.
Als Verdickungsmittel können Handelsübliche Mittel, zum Beispiel Firesorp™ eingesetzt werden. Mit der Menge der Zugabe kann die Viskosität des erfindungsgemäßen Löschmittels an den jeweiligen Einsatzzweck angepasst werden. So können beispielsweise Schutzschichten aus dem Löschmittel, die zur Sicherheit vorsorglich in Behältnissen angeordnet sind eine größere Viskosität aufweisen, um den Umgang mit derartigen Behältnissen zu erleichtern, und zu verspritzende Löschmittel können im Vergleich dazu eine niedrigere Viskosität erhalten, um eine gute Verspritzbarkeit zu gewährleisten. Commercially available agents, for example Firesorp ™, can be used as the thickener. With the amount of addition, the viscosity of the extinguishing agent according to the invention can be adapted to the respective application. Thus, for example, protective layers of the extinguishing agent, which are arranged as a precaution in containers for safety, have a greater viscosity in order to facilitate the handling of such containers, and sprayed extinguishing agent can be compared to obtain a lower viscosity in order to ensure good sprayability.
Durch die gegenüber normalem Wasser erhöhte Viskosität ist eine bessere Kühlleistung des Löschmittels erreicht und die im Löschmittel enthaltenen Salze sind homogener verteilt. Due to the increased viscosity compared to normal water, a better cooling performance of the extinguishing agent is achieved and the salts contained in the extinguishing agent are distributed more homogeneously.
Als Salz mit einem Erdalkalimetall-Kation ist erfindungsgemäß Kalk, also As salt with an alkaline earth metal cation according to the invention lime, ie
Kalziumkarbonat vorzugsweise eingesetzt. Der mittlere Korndurchmesser des Salzes beträgt zwischen 0,2 μηη und 10 μηη, vorzugsweise 1 - 2 μηη und ist dem Löschmittel in einem Anteil zwischen 5 Gew.% und 30 Gew.%, vorzugsweise 15 Gew.% beigefügt. Erfindungsgemäß sind auch andere Salze mit den Kationen Magnesium (Mg), Kalzium (Ca), Strontium (Sr) der 2. Hauptgruppe des Calcium carbonate is preferably used. The average particle diameter of the salt is between 0.2 μm and 10 μm, preferably 1 to 2 μm, and is added to the extinguishing agent in a proportion of between 5% by weight and 30% by weight, preferably 15% by weight. Other salts with the cations are also according to the invention Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca), Strontium (Sr) of the 2nd main group of the
Periodensystems vorgesehen, wobei Be nicht geeignet und Ba zu giftig ist. Periodic table, where Be is not suitable and Ba is too toxic.
Durch eine Verkleinerung der Korngröße kann die Oberfläche, die für Reaktionen bereitsteht, und damit die Reaktivität erhöht werden. Mit einer Korngröße zwischen 0,2 μηη und 10 μηη ist eine optimale Größe erreicht, um entstandenen Fluorwasserstoff und andere Gefahrenstoffe schnell zu binden. By reducing the grain size, the surface area available for reactions and thus the reactivity can be increased. With a particle size between 0.2 μηη and 10 μηη an optimal size is achieved to quickly bind resulting hydrogen fluoride and other hazardous substances.
Nachfolgend wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung des Hereinafter, the inventive method for producing the
Löschmittels näher beschrieben. Die Spendung des erfindungsgemäßen Löschmittels mit den Komponenten a) Wasser, b) schwerlösliches Karbonat als Fluorfänger, c) Gel, welches Wasser bindet, erfolgt in einer Suspension des schwerlöslichen Karbonates in einem viskosen Lösch-Gel (z. Bsp. Firesorp™). Dazu wird zunächst das Löschgel wie zum Beispiel Firesorp™in Wasser (zum Beispiel 2%) gelöst und beispielsweise Kalk mit einem mittleren Extinguishing agent described in more detail. The donation of the extinguishing agent according to the invention with the components a) water, b) sparingly soluble carbonate as fluorene scavenger, c) gel, which binds water, takes place in a suspension of the sparingly soluble carbonate in a viscous quenching gel (for example Firesorp ™). For this purpose, the extinguishing gel such as Firesorp ™ in water (for example, 2%) is first dissolved and, for example, lime with a medium
Korndurchmessser von 2μηι eingetragen (z. Bsp. 15 Gewichtsprozent). Korndurchmessser of 2μηι registered (for example, 15 weight percent).

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1 . Löschmittel aus einer Suspension, welche zumindest Wasser, ein in Wasser schwerlösliches Salz mit einem Kation basierend auf Kalzium, Magnesium oder Strontium und ein Wasser-Verdickungsmittel umfasst. 1 . Extinguishing agent from a suspension comprising at least water, a sparingly water-soluble salt with a cation based on calcium, magnesium or strontium and a water thickener.
2. Löschmittel nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 2. Extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that
Kalziumkarbonat (CaC03) das schwerlösliche Salz ist. Calcium carbonate (CaC0 3 ) is the sparingly soluble salt.
3. Löschmittel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Löschmittel mit einem Anteil zwischen 5 Gew.% und 30 Gew.% das schwerlösliche Salz aufweist. 3. Extinguishing agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the extinguishing agent with a proportion of between 5 wt.% And 30 wt.% Has the sparingly soluble salt.
4. Löschmittel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das schwerlösliche Salz eine mittlere Korngröße zwischen 0,2 μηη und 10 μηη aufweist. 4. Extinguishing agent according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sparingly soluble salt has a mean particle size between 0.2 μηη and 10 μηη.
5. Brandbekämpfungsanlage mit einem Löschmittel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4. 5. firefighting system with an extinguishing agent according to one of claims 1 to 4.
6. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Löschmittels, bestehend aus Wasser, einem in Wasser schwerlöslichen Salz und einem Wasser-Verdickungsmittel mit folgenden Verfahrensschritten: 6. A process for the preparation of an extinguishing agent consisting of water, a sparingly water-soluble salt and a water thickener, comprising the following process steps:
a) Lösen des Wasser-Verdickungsmittels in Wasser,  a) dissolving the water thickener in water,
b) Eintragen des schwerlöslichen Salzes,  b) introduction of the sparingly soluble salt,
c) Herstellung einer Suspension aus dem schwerlöslichen Salz und dem Wasser-Verdickungsmittel.  c) Preparation of a suspension of the sparingly soluble salt and the water thickener.
7. Verwendung eines Löschmittels nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4 zur Brandbekämpfung und Brandvorbeugung. 7. Use of an extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for fire fighting and fire prevention.
8. Verwendung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Lithium- Ionen-Batterie gelöscht wird. 8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that a lithium-ion battery is extinguished.
EP10799020.2A 2010-02-10 2010-12-21 Extinguishing agent Not-in-force EP2533864B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102010001741A DE102010001741A1 (en) 2010-02-10 2010-02-10 extinguishing Media
PCT/EP2010/070363 WO2011098188A1 (en) 2010-02-10 2010-12-21 Extinguishing agent

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EP2533864A1 true EP2533864A1 (en) 2012-12-19
EP2533864B1 EP2533864B1 (en) 2016-03-16

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EP (1) EP2533864B1 (en)
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WO (1) WO2011098188A1 (en)

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DE102010001741A1 (en) 2011-08-11
US20130207018A1 (en) 2013-08-15
EP2533864B1 (en) 2016-03-16

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