EP2527009B1 - Fall protection runner - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a fall arrester for mounting on a fall arrest rail, wherein the fall arrester has a stop device which is adapted to stop the fall arrester in the event of a fall of a coupled to the fall arrester person, with an independent of the stop device braking device is provided which the fall arrester when a predefined and / or predefinable fall speed of the fall protection rotor is exceeded and the braking device has at least one rolling body, in particular a wheel or a roller, which is intended to unroll on the fall protection rail, for arrangement on a fall protection rail, the fall protection rotor having a stop device , which is adapted to stop the fall protection runner in the event of a fall of a coupled to the fall arrester runner.

The invention also relates to fall arresters having a rolling body, in particular a wheel or a roller, which is intended to unroll on a fall protection rail and which is part of a stop and / or brake device.

Fall protection runners are usually required for ladders or crampons to secure an ascending person against a fall. For example, in the area of climbing ladder or a crampon gangway, a fall protection rail extending essentially over the length of the riser is installed, to which the fall protection runner is suspended and runs along with the ascending person for protection. The fall protection runner is usually connected to a safety harness, which is worn by the person to be secured.

From the GB 14 00 165 A is a fall arrester with a stop device and a brake device independent therefrom known. When crossing At a predetermined fall speed, the brake device brakes the fall protection rotor and stops it. The braking device is designed centrifugally controlled. A fall arrest belt can be coupled to the stop device, and furthermore the fall protection runner can be used not only on a cable but also on a carrier, a tube or any vertically elongate carrier element.

A disadvantage of this known fall protection rotor proves that a rigid brake system is used, the centrifugal swing with appropriate fall speed and beat against associated attacks, whereby the rotational movement of the wheels is blocked. The resulting friction on the rope is constant regardless of the falling speed and then slows down the fall arrester.

A similar fall arrester with two embodiments is made DE 10 2004 019 714 A1 known. According to the first embodiment, the braking device is designed as a pinch roller, which is received in a tapering at an acute angle to the locking rail terminal levels. In a downward movement, the pinch roller is transferred to the clamping position and the fall arrester stopped. According to the second embodiment, a rolling on the safety rail wheel is provided, which triggers a brake or lock from a certain rotational speed. By means of this pinch roller or the pawl, an abrupt blocking action or deceleration of the fall arrester is accomplished.

Out DE 296 19 789 U1 is a fall protection runner, which has a base body, which comprises guide means for embracing a fall arrest rail. The fall protection rotor has a brake element, which is designed as a clamping element and is pivotally mounted in the base body. The brake element can be pivoted between a release position and a locking position, wherein the fall protection rotor is movable in the release position along the fall arrest rail and locked in the locking position on the fall arrest rail. On the brake element, a lever is formed, which has at its outboard end a receptacle for securing a snap hook. About the snap hook the fall protection runner with the safety harness is connected, which is worn by the person to be secured. In the case of a crash, the lever is pressed by means of a compression spring element down and initiated the pivoting of the integrally formed on the lever braking element. The brake element thereby passes relative to Fall protection rail in its clamping position. By the compression spring element of the fall arrester this locking position is maintained, so that the crashed person is held by the fall arrester in the locked position. However, it is conceivable that the person to be secured with the same or falls approximately the same speed as the fall protection runner, or the falling person applies a horizontal traction, so that the above device can not close or reacts late under certain conditions.

DE 20 2008 010 819 U1 discloses a fall arrester with speed-dependent clutch, which may be a centrifugal clutch. It is provided a first wheel, which rolls along the fall arrest rail. In the first wheel, a centrifugal clutch is arranged, which produces a frictional and / or positive connection between the first wheel and a second wheel under the influence of a Zentripedalkraft against the force of a spring means when the rotational speed of the first wheel exceeds a predetermined value. In this case, the first wheel takes with the second wheel, so that when the centrifugal clutch is engaged, the second wheel rotates with the first wheel and pivoted in this way a bolt in a locking position.

Out DE 20 2009 014 714 U1 is a fall arrester with a speed-dependent coupling known. In particular, it is provided that an eccentric is arranged on a second axis spaced from a first axis and is rotatably connected to this second axis, wherein at least one lever arm is connected on the one hand to the eccentric and on the other hand with a brake ring. The brake ring is arranged and configured such that the friction force coupling produces a force-transmitting connection between a rolling device and the brake ring.

However, these fall protection runners, in which a speed-dependent clutch is additionally integrated into the stop device, are of very complex construction, which, for example, poses new safety risks due to the large number of components interacting in a complicated manner.

The invention is based on the object to further develop a fall arrester with the features mentioned in that a varying with the falling speed of the fall arrester braking force of the braking device is provided.

This object is essentially achieved in that the braking device has an eccentric, which occurs during a braking friction with the fall arrester rail in contact. By virtue of this measure, the braking force exerted by the braking device on the drop rail varies with the fall speed of the fall arrester, so that the strength of the required braking pulse can be varied and continuously increased until the stop device is activated, since the fall arrester now slower than the tethered weight emotional. Both systems, the stopping device as well as the braking device, are now in use and braking more and more. Only after a short-term relief of the fall protection rotor, for example, by the Aufwippen the tailed weight, the brake device is released again.

In an advantageous embodiment of the fall arrester is equipped with a rolling body, which is intended to unroll on a fall arrest rail and having a profile for draining water.

In another advantageous embodiment of the fall protection runner, the rolling body, which is intended to roll on a fall protection rail, has an outer wear layer which is supported by a color-different inner part, in particular a color-different inner layer.

In this case, the brake device on an eccentric, which occurs during a braking friction with a fall arrest rail in contact. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the braking device is controlled by centrifugal force educated. In this case, a coupling device, in particular a centrifugal clutch, can be provided in an advantageous manner, which rotationally couples the eccentric to a rolling element rolling on a fall protection rail when a predetermined and / or predefinable falling speed of the fall protection rotor is exceeded. Also, the fall protection runner on a rolling body, such as a wheel or a roller, which rolls on the fall arrest rail. Such a design has the advantage that - for example, by utilizing centrifugal forces - a direct relationship between the rotational speed of the rolling body and the fall speed is available to activate the braking device, if necessary.

According to the invention, it has been recognized that an increase in the safety level can be achieved by reducing the complexity of the structure of the fall arrestor. In accordance with the invention, an advantageous embodiment of a fall arrestor according to the invention includes two independent devices or two devices that interact only indirectly with one another. Here, according to the invention - as will be shown in detail below - even be provided that the additional, independent braking device - unlike the stop - is not designed to stop the fall arrester completely in case of need, but only to the fall protection runner relative to the falling To decelerate the person slightly to indirectly activate the stop device.

In accordance with the invention, it has been recognized that it is not absolutely conducive to increasing the safety of equipping a single stopping device with a plurality of triggering functions for different fall situations, but rather that a significantly safer fall arrester can be achieved by using different triggering mechanisms for different crash situations. or brake devices are assigned. In this case, however, it may be provided that the stop and brake devices indirectly interact with each other. Fall protection runners based on this basic principle according to the invention are in particular, because the independent subsystems are less complex and therefore manageable - safer overall. In addition, there is the particular advantage that - unlike systems in which all tripping functions are integrated into a single stop device - even (possibly restricted) works even when the stop or brake device fails.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the fall arrester according to the invention has a coupling point, for example in the form of an eyelet into which a carabiner connected to a safety harness can be suspended, for the direct or indirect coupling of a safety harness. In this case, it is advantageously provided that the stop device is either in a release position or a stop position as a function of the direction and / or the amount of a force acting on the coupling point. For example, it may be provided that the coupling point is located on a lever which is mechanically coupled to the stop device, wherein the stop device is dependent on the position of the lever. In particular, it can be provided that the stop device is switched to the release position when the free end of the lever facing upward. This can be effected, for example, that the rising person pulls the fall protection runner when ascending by means of the safety harness behind it and automatically moves the lever in the said position. In the event of a fall, however, the falling person will pull the free end of the lever down with it and thus switch the stop device to the stop position as soon as the free end of the lever is directed downwards.

However, it is also conceivable that the person to be secured crashes so unhappily that it falls at the same or approximately the same speed as the fall protection runner. This can occur in particular if the person to be secured does not fall completely free, but their case, similar to the case of the fall protection rotor, is braked in the same way by the friction on the fall protection rail, by friction on surrounding objects. In such a case, the stop device is not switched to the stop position because of a lack of relative speed between fall arrester and the person. In the said advantageous embodiment, which has a lever with a coupling point, would not act in such a case, the lever-adjusting forces. A triggering of the stop device takes place only when it acts on a horizontal force which is greater than a spring force also acting on the stop device.

In accordance with the invention it is therefore provided that the braking device brakes the fall arrester so that a relative movement between the fall arrester and the falling coupled person is effected, which is so large that the associated direction and / or amount change of the force acting on the coupling point - directly or indirectly - the stop device switches to the stop position. In this embodiment, it is not necessary, but possible, for the brake device to cause the fall arrestor to stop completely. Rather, it is sufficient that the braking device causes only a - in comparison to the complete stop minor - deceleration of the fall arrester to indirectly - namely by causing a difference between the falling speeds of fall arrester and person to be secured - causes a release of the stop device.

However, it has been shown that uncertainties can occur if the rolling body and / or the fall protection rail are wet or icy, for example due to rain or condensation water. In such a case, in addition to a rolling movement in addition to a sliding movement, so that a reliable triggering of the brake device is not ensured.

In an advantageous embodiment it can be provided that the rolling body or a tire of the rolling body has a profile for draining off water. This ensures that a sliding of the rolling body along the fall protection rail is at least so far avoided that a rolling outweighs and thus the basic function of the rolling body is ensured.

It has also been shown that a safe rolling of the rolling body is no longer guaranteed if its diameter - for example due to wear - is reduced beyond a certain extent. In order to take this situation into account, it is provided according to an advantageous embodiment that the rolling body and / or a tire of the rolling body has an outer wear layer which is supported by and / or adjacent to a color-different inner part, in particular a color-different inner layer , Such an embodiment has the very special advantage that it is visually easily recognizable to the user whether the rolling body or the tire of the rolling body has already worn beyond an admissible extent or not. As long as the rolling surface of the rolling body has its original color, this is not the case. However, as soon as the color-different inner part is visible in the radial direction, the rolling body or its tire must be replaced.

As already mentioned, the rolling body can be provided with a tire. Such an embodiment has the particular advantage that the maintenance of such a fall arrester is considerably facilitated. This is due to the fact that in a wear of the rolling layer not the entire rolling body - possibly together with an axle - removed and replaced, but only the tire. Alternatively, the rolling body, in particular the wheel, be replaced. In addition, a higher level of safety can be achieved because the part of the rolling body carrying the tire can be designed with completely different specific properties, for example in terms of strength and / or elasticity, than the tire.

In a particularly advantageous and safe embodiment, the rolling body has a plurality of mutually parallel and / or directly juxtaposed tires. This ensures that even if one of the tires is damaged, the remaining tire can maintain the function of the rolling body.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the fall arrestor according to the invention, the eccentric and / or the rolling body are arranged on a deflectable against the force of a spring device shaft. The spring device may be, for example, an elastomeric spring. This ensures that in the case of activation of the brake device does not damage the fall arrestor. In accordance with the invention, namely, it was recognized that the particular caused by an eccentric radial forces acting on the Exzenterlagerung are very large and lead to damage if not enough sufficient dimensioning of the eccentric shaft and their storage. According to the invention can be effectively avoided by providing a spring device on the one hand damage and on the other hand, the dimensioning of the eccentric shaft and its storage be chosen easier and cheaper. In addition, such a design has the very special advantage that by means of the spring device wear of the eccentric and / or the rolling body - at least as far as the spring path reaches - can be compensated. Another advantage of the spring device is that different thicknesses of fall protection rail can be compensated. Particularly advantageous is a fall protection device with a fall arrest rail and a fall arrester according to the invention.

Other objects, advantages, features and applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawings. All described and / or illustrated features alone or in any meaningful combination form the subject matter of the present invention, also independent of their summary in the claims or their dependency.

Fig. 1 und Fig. 2

das Prinzip der Wirkungsweise eines erfindungsgemäßen Fallschutzläufers.

Fig. 3

einen erfindungsgemäßen Fallschutzläufer in einer seitlichen Schnittdarstellung

Fig. 4

den erfindungsgemäßen Fallschutzläufer in einer Schnittdarstellung von oben und

Fig. 5

einen Abrollkörper für einen erfindungsgemäßen Fallschutzläufer.

Show it:

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2

the principle of operation of a fall arrestor according to the invention.

Fig. 3

a fall arrester according to the invention in a lateral sectional view

Fig. 4

the fall arrester according to the invention in a sectional view from above and

Fig. 5

a rolling body for a fall arrester according to the invention.

In Fig. 1 For example, a fall arrester 1 having a stop device 2 and a brake device 3 is shown. The fall protection rotor 1 is latched in such a fall protection rail 4, that it is guided guided in the longitudinal direction of the fall protection rail. The fall protection rotor 1 has a coupling point 5 for coupling a safety belt 6. The stop device 2 is designed such that it switches either in a release position or in a stop position in dependence on the direction and / or the amount of force acting on the coupling point 5. Concretely, the stop device 2 is in its release position when the free end of a lever 7, on which the coupling point 5 is arranged, facing upward. However, when the free end of the lever 7 faces down, the stopper 2 is switched to the stop position. In the in Fig. 1 In the situation shown, a person 8 to be secured and the fall protection runner 1 fall - unfortunately - at the same speed, so that the lever 7 remains in its position and the stop device 2 is initially not activated. A triggering of the stop device 2 takes place only when a horizontal force acting on the lever 7, which is greater than a spring force of a spring, not shown in the figures.

However, the brake device 3 is activated by exceeding a predetermined fall speed. This brakes the fall arrester 1 so that a relative movement between the fall arrester 1 and the falling coupled person 8 is effected. The person 8 is therefore faster than the something - not fully retracted fall arrester 1 and therefore pulls the free end of the lever 7 down to the stop position of the stop device 2 Fig. 2 shown.

The stop device 2 then stops the fall arrester 1 completely.

Fig. 3 shows a fall arrester 1 according to the invention with a housing 27 and guide rollers 9, which are intended to roll on a fall arrest rail that leads the fall arrester 1. In addition, the fall arrester 1 has a stop device 2 with a clamping jaw 10. The jaw 10 is rotatably mounted on a shaft 11. The jaw 10 is formed so as to frictionally contact the fall protection rail when a lever 7 having a coupling point 5 is pressed down. In addition, the fall arrester 1 has an independent of the stop device 2 braking device 3 with an eccentric 12. The eccentric 12 is intended, when a predetermined falling speed of the fall arrester is exceeded, to rubingly come into contact with the fall arrest rail and to decelerate the fall arrester 1 by friction and clamping action-at least somewhat-preferably not completely. For this purpose, the eccentric 12 is coupled by means of a coupling device, namely by means of a centrifugal clutch, with a rolling body, which rolls on the fall protection rail when the fall arrester 1 is moved along the fall arrest rail. The centrifugal clutch and the rolling body are in Fig. 3 not to be seen.

Fig. 4 shows a sectional view through the in Fig. 3 As described above, the eccentric 12 is rotatable by means of a centrifugal clutch 13 via a shaft 14 with a rolling body 15 connectable. The rolling body 15 is rotatably connected to the shaft 14. Also non-rotatably connected to the shaft 14 centrifugal elements 16 are connected, which are forced at a predetermined rotational speed by centrifugal force against the force of a spring to the outside and engage in projections of a sleeve 17 and so a rotationally fixed connection between the shaft 14 and the sleeve 17, the in turn rotatably connected to the eccentric 12, produce.

The shaft 14 is mounted deflectable against the force of a spring device 18. This has the advantage on the one hand that forces, in particular clamping forces acting perpendicular to the direction of longitudinal extension of the shaft 14, can be absorbed, and that wear of the rolling body 15 is compensated.

For better clarity, a fall protection rail 19 is located.

Fig. 5 shows a rolling body 15 for a fall arrester according to the invention. The rolling body 15 has a wheel 20. The wheel 20 carries first and second tires 22, 23. The first tire 22 and the second tire 23 are each provided with a profile to the profile 24 for draining water. In addition, the first tire 22 and the second tire 23 each have an outer wear layer 25, which differs in color from an inner layer 26. In this way, the user looking from a radial view of the rolling body 15, easily and reliably recognize whether the previous wear is still acceptable or one or both of the tires 22, 23 must be replaced.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Fall protection runner

2

stopping device

3

braking device

4

Guard rail

5

coupling point

6

safety belt

7

lever

8th

person

9

guide rollers

10

jaws

11

wave

12

eccentric

13

centrifugal clutch

14

wave

15

unwinding

16

centrifugal elements

17

shell

18

spring device

19

Guard rail

20

wheel

22

First tire

23

Second tire

24

profile

25

wearing course

26

inner layer

27

casing

Claims (11)

1. Fall protection runner (1) for arrangement at a fall protection rail (4), wherein the fall protection runner (1) has a stop device (2), which is configured for the purpose of stopping the fall protection runner (1) in the event that a person (8) who is coupled to the fall protection runner (1) falls, wherein a brake device (3) is provided that is independent of the stop device (2) and that brakes the fall protection runner (1) if a predefined and/or predefinable speed of fall of the fall protection runner (1) is exceeded, and wherein the brake device (3) has at least one roll-off body (15), in particular a wheel (20) or a roller, which is adapted for rolling off the fall protection rail (4), characterized in that the brake device (3) has an eccentric (12) that comes into contact with the fall protection rail (4) in a frictional manner during the breaking process.
2. Fall protection runner (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the fall protection runner (1) has a coupling point (5) for the direct or indirect coupling of a catching harness (6), and in that the stop device (2) is either in a release position or in a stop position depending on the direction and/or the value of a force that is acting on the coupling point.
3. Fall protection runner (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the brake device (3) brakes the fall protection runner (1) with an increasing brake force if a predefined or a predefinable speed of fall of the fall protection runner (1) is exceeded, namely in such a manner that the stop device is activated.
4. Fall protection runner (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the brake device (3) is centrifugally controlled.
5. Fall protection runner (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the roll-off body (15) is provided with at least one or multiple tires (22, 23), wherein multiple tires (22, 23) are arranged in parallel and/or directly next to each other.
6. Fall protection runner (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that

   a. the tire (22, 23) has a profile (24) for draining water, and/or that

   b. the tire (22, 23) has an outer wear layer (25) that is supported by an inner part of a different color, in particular by an inner layer (26) of a different color, or that adjoins an inner part of a different color.
7. Fall protection runner (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a coupling device, in particular a centrifugal clutch (13), is provided, which rotatingly couples the eccentric (12) to the roll-off body (15) that rolls off a fall protection rail (4) if a predefined or a predefinable speed of fall of the fall protection runner (1) is exceeded.
8. Fall protection runner (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the eccentric (12) and/or the roll-off body (15) is arranged on a shaft (14) that can be deflected against the force of a spring device (18), in particular of an elastomer spring.
9. Fall protection runner (1) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the roll-off body (15) has a profile (24) for draining water.
10. Fall protection runner (1) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the roll-off body (15) has an outer wear layer (25), which is supported by an inner part of a different color, in particular by an inner layer (26) of a different color, or that adjoins an inner part of a different color.
11. Fall protection device with a fall protection rail (4) and a fall protection runner (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 10.

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