Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03D—WIND MOTORS
  • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
  • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
  • F03D7/0204—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for orientation in relation to wind direction
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03D—WIND MOTORS
  • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
  • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
  • F03D7/0244—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking
  • F03D7/0248—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking by mechanical means acting on the power train
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
  • F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
  • F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2260/00—Function
  • F05B2260/90—Braking
  • F05B2260/902—Braking using frictional mechanical forces
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
  • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
  • F05B2270/00—Control
  • F05B2270/60—Control system actuates through
  • F05B2270/604—Control system actuates through hydraulic actuators
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
  • F16D2055/0075—Constructional features of axially engaged brakes
  • F16D2055/0091—Plural actuators arranged side by side on the same side of the rotor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
  • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
  • F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
  • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

• Hydraulic brake device for an azimuth drive of a
• the invention relates to a hydraulic brake device for an azimuth drive pulpit of a wind turbine, with a rotatable disc brake ring to the pulley, which is distributed over its circumference a plurality of disc brakes is assigned, and a control device for controlling such a hydraulic brake device and a method for controlling such hydraulic brake device.
• Such hydraulic braking devices for azimuth drives of wind turbines are well known.
• a wind turbine has a fixed tower on a ground tower, at the top of which a wind rotor bearing pulley is mounted horizontally rotatable.
• an azimuth drive is provided to rotate the pulpit with respect to the fixed tower.
• a hydraulic brake device is provided in order to block the pulpit in a set rotational position, for example in the wind direction.
• the hydraulic brake device also serves at a rotational movement of the pulpit build a controlled braking effect.
• the brake device has a pulley ring which is fixed against rotation with the pulley and which is aligned horizontally coaxially to a rotation axis of the pulpit and has a relatively large diameter.
• a plurality of pincer-like disc sections of the brake disk ring encompassing disc brakes, which are fixedly mounted on the tower via a carrier arrangement.
• more than ten disc brakes are arranged distributed over the circumference of the brake disc ring.
• all disc brakes are applied simultaneously with a brake pressure of about 170 bar. This represents the stopping mode of the braking device.
• the disc brakes are operated in the rotational mode with a reduced pressure of about 10 bar.
• all friction linings of the disc brakes are also in the rotational mode with a certain pressure on the brake disc ring. This can cause squeaking and friction noise, which can be perceived as disturbing in the vicinity of the wind turbine.
• the object of the invention is to provide a braking device, a control device and a method of the type mentioned, which at least largely reduce disturbing noises in the rotation mode of the pulpit.
• the hydraulic brake device characterized in that at least one disc brake is provided with a different friction disc arrangement to the other disc brakes whose coefficient of friction compared to the other disc brakes is reduced.
• the solution according to the invention is based on the assumption that friction lining arrangements with a reduced coefficient of friction cause at most slight noise in a sliding operation of the brake disk ring.
• the at least one disc brake with different friction lining arrangement at least one detachable housing side cheek, which allows a lateral removal of the friction lining arrangement in the dissolved state.
• the brake device according to the invention therefore has differently designed disc brakes.
• At least one disc brake is designed such that a lateral removal of the friction lining arrangement is made possible. This has the advantage that corresponding friction linings can be exchanged without the corresponding disc brake having to be released from its position on the brake disc ring.
• the arrangement of the disc brake must only be such that laterally adjacent to the disc brake, i. in the circumferential direction of the brake disc ring of the pulpit, there is sufficient space for removal of the friction lining assembly and insertion of a new friction lining arrangement available.
• the object underlying the invention is achieved in that in the holding mode, all the disc brakes are controlled to hold pressure, and that in the rotation mode of the pulpit a brake pressure by a reduced Number of controlled on holding pressure disc brakes is generated, and that the remaining disc brakes are controlled without pressure.
• the reduced number of disc brakes depends on the total number of disc brakes that are used and in the Rotational mode of the pulpit, the brake pressure is generated by at least a single disc brake, which is controlled to hold pressure.
• two disc brakes are provided which are controlled for holding pressure when the pulpit is in the turning mode.
• the advantageous number of two disc brakes, which are controlled in the rotational mode to hold pressure is combined with preferably twelve further disc brakes, which are controlled without pressure.
• the holding pressure is a defined pressure that is the same for all disc brakes.
• the number of disc brakes that are controlled to hold pressure is less than the number of disc brakes that are pressure-less controlled in the rotational mode.
• an unpressurized control ie a control to zero, it is also possible to apply these disc brakes with a relation to the holding pressure greatly reduced pressure.
• the at least one disc brake which is controlled in the rotational mode to holding pressure, a friction lining arrangement with respect to the pressure-controlled disc brakes reduced friction coefficient.
• a further improved noise reduction is achieved in the rotation mode. Because the fact that only a small number of disc brakes are pressurized in the rotation mode, the number of surfaces sliding on the brake disc ring with pressure is inevitably already reduced. Because only the pressurized disc brakes lie with their friction lining fixed to the corresponding surfaces of the brake disc ring. By choosing friction lining arrangements with a reduced coefficient of friction, the noise generated by the sliding friction is further reduced.
• the holding pressure of the disc brakes in the rotational mode and in the holding mode in the range between 120 and 200 bar.
• all Disc brakes either with the maximum holding pressure between 120 and 200 bar driven, or they are depressurized. Control to reduced brake pressures is not necessary, but possible according to other embodiments.
• the required reduced brake pressure in the rotational mode is inventively achieved that only a small number of disc brakes, but at least one disc brake, is acted upon by the holding pressure, whereas the other disc brakes are depressurized.
• the hydraulic circuit can therefore be constructed with extremely simple control components.
• all disc brakes are connected to a common hydraulic circuit, and a connecting line of the at least one rotationally controlled on holding pressure disc brake is a pressure-dependent controllable hydraulic locking element, in particular a non-return valve assigned.
• a check valve is provided for the at least one disc brake, which prevents pressure relief in the region of the at least one disc brake in a corresponding venting of the hydraulic control by the check valve closes the corresponding connection line.
• the object underlying the invention is achieved in that in the rotational mode at least one disc brake to full Holding pressure is controlled and the other disc brakes are controlled without pressure.
• the desired reduced brake pressure is exerted on the brake disc ring as a whole by the disc brakes.
• Fig. 1 shows schematically in partially cutaway representation of a
• Embodiment of a wind turbine in the region of a rotatable pulpit with a hydraulic brake device Embodiment of a wind turbine in the region of a rotatable pulpit with a hydraulic brake device
• FIG. 2 is an enlarged, schematic representation of a plan view of the hydraulic brake device for the pulpit of FIG. 1,
• Fig. 4 in an enlarged perspective view of a first type of disc brakes used in the braking device according to Fig. 2 and
• Fig. 5 shows a second type of disc brakes used in the braking device according to Fig. 2.
• a wind turbine has, according to FIG. 1, a tower 1 which is based on a solid ground and which carries a pulpit 2 in the region of its tip.
• the pulpit 2 is rotatably mounted relative to the tower 1 about a vertical axis of rotation horizontally.
• the pulpit carries a wind rotor 3, which is set in a basically known manner by wind in rotation and used to generate electricity by means of a generator.
• an azimuth drive provided.
• a braking device is provided, which is described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.
• the braking device has a brake disk ring 4, which is rotatably connected to the pulpit 2 and is aligned coaxially with the axis of rotation of the pulpit 2 relative to the tower 1.
• the brake disk ring 4 are associated with a plurality of disc brakes 5, 6, which are arranged distributed over the circumference of the brake disc ring 4. As can be seen from Fig. 2, a total of fourteen disc brakes 5, 6 are provided, which are associated with each other in pairs. All disc brakes 5, 6 have a pliers-shaped brake housing, which surrounds the brake disc ring 4 in the region of its top and its underside.
• each disk brake 5, 6 each has at least one brake piston and a friction lining arrangement 8, 8a.
• the friction lining assemblies 8 and 8a of the disc brake 5, 6 are thus pressed with appropriate pressurization of the brake piston from above and from below against the corresponding surface portions of the brake disc ring 4.
• All disc brakes 5, 6 are designed as hydraulic disc brakes.
• the corresponding brake pistons are hydraulically pressurized or depressurized.
• a hydraulic control unit S is provided, which control the corresponding brake pistons of the disc brakes 5 and 6 via hydraulic lines Si, S2.
• the hydraulic brake device has two different types of disc brakes 5 and 6. A total of twelve disc brakes 5 according to FIG. 5 and two disc brakes 6 according to FIG. 4 are provided.
• the friction lining arrangements 8a can be released from the brake housing only upwards or downwards.
• the brake housing has two removable housing side cheeks 7 on opposite sides, both for the upper brake caliper section and for the lower brake caliper section.
• the housing side cheeks 7 are connected by screw connections to the corresponding housing sections of the brake housing. After removal of a corresponding housing side cheek section 7, it is possible to remove the respective friction lining assembly 8 side and use a new friction lining assembly 8 from the side. This has the great advantage that an exchange of the friction lining arrangements 8 in the assembled state of the respective disk brake 6 on the brake disk ring 4 can take place. An exchange of the friction lining assemblies 8a of each disc brake 5, however, is only possible after appropriate disassembly and removal of the respective disc brake 5 from the brake disc ring 4th
• the friction lining arrangements 8 of the two disk brakes 6 have a reduced coefficient of friction with respect to the friction lining arrangements 8a of the disk brakes 5.
• the braking device is controlled as follows: In a holding mode in which the pulpit 2 is already aligned in the desired wind direction and is to be locked in this aligned rotational position, all disc brakes 5 and 6 are subjected to a brake pressure (holding pressure) between 170 and 180 bar.
• the twelve disc brakes 5 are depressurized.
• the two disc brakes 6, however, continue to be subjected to the brake pressure of about 170 to 180 bar. Since, at the same time, the friction lining arrangement 8 of the two disk brakes 6 has a reduced coefficient of friction, the braking pressure of the two disk brakes 6 is insufficient in this rotational mode to block the brake disk ring 4. Rather, the brake pressure of the two disc brakes 6 causes only the desired, controlled braking action on the disc brake ring 4 to apply during the rotation of the pulpit sufficient torque that prevents unwanted oscillatory movement to a transmission of the azimuth drive.
• the friction lining arrangements 8 of the two disk brakes 6 wear relatively quickly due to this "sliding braking.” However, since the disk brakes 6 do not have to be disassembled to replace the friction lining arrangements 8, the friction lining arrangements 8 can be replaced quickly 6, the remaining twelve disc brakes, however, have almost no wear on their friction lining arrangements 8a, since they apply the desired holding pressure essentially in the static state of the pulpit 2.
• the two pairs of disc brakes 5, 6, each comprising a disc brake 6 with laterally exchangeable friction lining arrangements 8, are arranged adjacent to each other along the brake disc ring 4, wherein between the two pairs of disc brakes 5, 6 is a greater distance than between the other pairs of disc brakes 5.
• the two disc brakes 6 with the laterally replaceable friction lining assemblies 8 are also arranged on the mutually facing sides of the two disc brake pairs, so that for both disc brakes 6, the greater distance between the disc brake pairs 5, 6 can be used to perform the disassembly of the housing side cheeks 7 and the replacement of the friction lining assemblies 8.
• the inventive embodiment thus two different hydraulic controls are thus provided for a holding mode of the pulpit 2 on the one hand and a rotary mode of the pulpit 2 on the other hand.
• the holding mode all disc brakes 5 and 6 are subjected to the corresponding maximum brake pressure.
• the rotating mode however, the disc brakes 5 are released and consequently controlled without pressure.
• the disc brakes 6 the maximum brake pressure is maintained.
• check valves are provided in the area of the hydraulic lines si the disc brakes, which are transferred by the control unit S of the entire hydraulic circuit by the corresponding pressure drop in its blocking position, so that the desired brake pressure at the two disc brakes 6 is maintained .
• the check valves can be manually or by an additional control again transferred to its open position.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Braking Arrangements (AREA)
• Wind Motors (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=43495843

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (8)

Family Cites Families (17)

• 2010
  • 2010-01-20 DE DE102010006299A patent/DE102010006299B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2010-03-29 KR KR1020127021381A patent/KR20120125300A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2010-03-29 DE DE202010014847U patent/DE202010014847U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2010-03-29 US US13/574,072 patent/US20130032436A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-03-29 IN IN6448DEN2012 patent/IN2012DN06448A/en unknown
  • 2010-03-29 EP EP10712013A patent/EP2526289A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-03-29 WO PCT/EP2010/001971 patent/WO2011088850A2/de active Application Filing
  • 2010-03-29 CN CN2010800656171A patent/CN102822510A/zh active Pending

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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