EP2524814A2 - Verbesserungen bei Sicherheitsfunktionen - Google Patents

Verbesserungen bei Sicherheitsfunktionen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2524814A2
EP2524814A2 EP12167814A EP12167814A EP2524814A2 EP 2524814 A2 EP2524814 A2 EP 2524814A2 EP 12167814 A EP12167814 A EP 12167814A EP 12167814 A EP12167814 A EP 12167814A EP 2524814 A2 EP2524814 A2 EP 2524814A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
security
layer
metallization
thread
metallic print
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12167814A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2524814B1 (de
EP2524814A3 (de
Inventor
Christoph Kocher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nanotech Security Corp
Original Assignee
Landqart AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Landqart AG filed Critical Landqart AG
Publication of EP2524814A2 publication Critical patent/EP2524814A2/de
Publication of EP2524814A3 publication Critical patent/EP2524814A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2524814B1 publication Critical patent/EP2524814B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/373—Metallic materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • D21H21/42—Ribbons or strips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
    • B41M3/00—Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed work, e.g. patterns
    • B41M3/14—Security printing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/355—Security threads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F3/00—Labels, tag tickets, or similar identification or indication means; Seals; Postage or like stamps
    • G09F3/02—Forms or constructions
    • G09F3/0291—Labels or tickets undergoing a change under particular conditions, e.g. heat, radiation, passage of time
    • G09F3/0292—Labels or tickets undergoing a change under particular conditions, e.g. heat, radiation, passage of time tamper indicating labels
    • B42D2033/10—
    • B42D2033/16—
    • B42D2033/20—
    • B42D2033/28—
    • B42D2033/30—
    • B42D2035/14—
    • B42D2035/16—
    • B42D2035/36—

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in security threads and to printable security substrates such as banknotes having incorporated improved security threads according to this invention as well as to methods for making security documents comprising such security threads and to methods for making such security threads.
  • Security paper for example for the production of banknotes, passports, certificates and similar applications, often incorporate security threads to impede counterfeiting.
  • security threads are incorporated in the paper production process.
  • the threads can be fully embedded, e.g. covered on both sides with paper fibers, or embedded in such a way that the thread is exposed on one side of the paper at least in some areas, resulting in a so-called windowed security thread.
  • Methods to obtain fully embedded security threads or windowed threads, respectively, are well known to the person skilled in the art.
  • Security threads often show text, numerals, symbols or other characters as an additional anti-counterfeiting means.
  • Such indicia can be printed as positive or negative print or combinations thereof.
  • such indicia are created in metallic color, either by printing of metallic pigment containing inks or by selective deposition or/and selective removal of a metallic layer.
  • Security threads showing indicia in metallic color offer an efficient anti-counterfeiting means. If such a thread is incorporated in paper, the thread and the metallic indicia are almost invisible if the paper is looked at in reflection. If the paper is observed in transmission, however, the metallic areas and characters are easily visible.
  • Such metallic security threads are therefore preferred over security threads printed with e.g. black inks. The black ink also shows in reflection, not only in transmission, offering a less potent anti-counterfeiting means.
  • Security threads can be equipped with many additional overt, covert and machine readable properties, such as fluorescence, electrical conductivity, microtext, holography, color-shifting properties, magnetic properties.
  • magnetic substances are applied to the security thread.
  • the magnetic substances can be printed, e.g. as lines along the sides of a security thread or as blocks along the length of a security thread. Magnetic substances such as magnetite or other ferrous-ferric oxides can be used. Many other magnetic substances are known to the person skilled in the art, including substances with higher and lower coercitivity than magnetite.
  • the magnetic substances are usually opaque and of a dark color and will therefore be printed on a metallized area of the security thread.
  • the metallic layer on a security thread consists usually of aluminium.
  • a carrier substrate usually a polyester foil
  • a thin layer of metallic aluminium e.g. in a vacuum deposition process.
  • transparent indicia can be created by a number of methods known in the art, e.g. by selective etching.
  • the substrate is then coated with an adhesive layer and a second polyester foil is laminated to the carrier substrate to protect the aluminium layer.
  • the thin aluminium layer on the polyester carrier is also only a few Angstroms thick, such that formation of aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide or mixed aluminum oxides/hydroxides can at least partially remove the metallic appearance of the aluminium. Aluminium oxides/hydroxides are transparent, the metallic properties are therefore lost if such a reaction occurs, and indicia in the security layer can become illegible. Such reactions can occur, even if the aluminium layer is protected by polyester foils from both sides. Corrosion often starts from the edge of the security thread and progresses over time.
  • the polyester foil and the adhesives used to laminate the protective polyester foil to the metallized polyester carrier are both not entirely impermeable for mositure, oxygen etc. and may have low, e.g. ionic, conductivity.
  • Security threads consisting magnetic materials are especially prone to corrosion of the aluminium layer.
  • the metallic aluminium disappears preferably over the magnetic bits of a security thread, exposing the magnetic areas or leading to feathered edges and transparent areas of the metall
  • the purpose of this invention is thus to provide an efficient means to protect the aluminium layer from being corroded. It is as such well known that corrosion phenomena are the result of electrochemical reactions (so-called redox reactions). It is further known as such that, the higher the oxidation potential of a substance is, or, in other words, the less noble the substance is, the easier it will react end the more subject it is to corrosion.
  • pipes made of iron can be protected from corrosion by connecting the pipes to containers holding metallic magnesium.
  • the magnesium in this example acts as what is known as a sacrificial anode.
  • the details of the electrochemical reactions involved are described, for example, in " Chemie", Brown/Le May, Ed 3, pages 595-599 .
  • ships propellers made of copper alloys can e.g. be protected in a similar fashion by attaching blocks of zinc to it.
  • the gist of the present invention is to protect a security element, such as a security thread, from corrosion by applying the concept described above to the metallic layer of this security element, e.g. by incorporating a sacrificial anode, e.g. a substance with higher oxidation potential than the one of the metallic layer to be protected, into the security element.
  • a security element such as a security thread
  • the security element is a security thread containing a metallic aluminium layer
  • patches of e.g. calcium can be deposited.
  • Such anodic protection is especially suitable in security threads containing magnetic substances.
  • the aluminium layer is preferably affected by corrosion in areas where magnetic bits are situated. These magnetic bits can contain substances of lower oxidation potential than aluminium which will speed up the corrosion process of the aluminium layer.
  • a substance of higher oxidation potential than aluminium is dispersed as pigment in a printable formulation and this ink is printed in e.g. dots, patches, stripes, indicia or any other form onto the aluminium layer or onto any additional layer on the aluminium layer.
  • This substance can, for example be a metallic pigment, for example calcium powder.
  • the ink is printed in stripes along the cutting edges of the security element.
  • the ink is printed in blocks between demetallized areas on the security element.
  • the ink is printed between the aluminium layer and a layer of magnetic ink.
  • the magnetic ink contains a substance of higher oxidation potential than the aluminium layer.
  • the substance can be deposited in another suitable process than printing, such as for example coating, dip coating, vacuum deposition, physical vapour deposition, chemical vapour deposition, galvanic deposition, etc.
  • a substance of higher oxidation potential than aluminium is dispersed in the adhesive layer used to adhere the protecting polyester layer to the metallized polyester carrier.
  • this substance is in the form of micro- or nano-sized particles.
  • metallorganic substances can be used.
  • a substance of higher oxidation potential than aluminium is dispersed in an intermediate layer between the aluminium layer and the adhesive layer used to adhere the protecting polyester layer to the metallized polyester carrier, e.g. a primer layer.
  • this substance is in the form of micro- or nano-sized particles.
  • security element e.g. a thread or hologram, for a security document comprising at least one layer of metallization or metallic print, wherein said layer is electric/galvanic contact with at least one sacrificial element protecting the metallization or metallic print from corrosion.
  • an electric contact is formed if any charged particles such as electrons or ions can migrate between the metallic element and the sacrificial element.
  • An ion conducting bridge, e.g. an electrolyte, between the two element is also to be understood as an electric contact.
  • the sacrificial element comprises metal with higher oxidation potential than the metal of the metallization or metallic print.
  • the metallization or metallic print can be applied in a first layer of a thickness in the range of 1-400 ⁇ , preferably in the range of 5-50 or 10-25 ⁇ , and wherein the sacrificial element is applied as a second layer adjacent to said first layer in the form of a fully covering layer, or in the form of stripes, dots, patches and combinations thereof, wherein the sacrificial element can be applied on one or both sides of the first layer.
  • the sacrifical element to the cutting edges of a security thread only, e.g. by running the security thread through a dipping bath or a galvanic dipping bath.
  • the security thread can for this purpose be connected to a power source, forming an electrode.
  • the metallization or metallic print can be based on elementary aluminium, wherein sacrificial element can be based on at least one of the following elementary metals selected from the group of: calcium, magnesium, sodium, calcium, potassium, barium, lithium and combinations or/and alloys thereof.
  • the security thread may comprise a plastic carrier layer on which the metallization is deposited, wherein a preferably further comprises a protective layer.
  • the security thread may also be a structure which does not comprise a carrier layer, typically in this case the structure is applied to one of the paper layers of the security document by heat sealing or cold foiling and on at least one of its faces it comprises a heat sealing material or a pressure sensitive, cold sealing adhesive layer, respectively. It can even be applied in the form of a patch instead of a stripe. Holographic patches and stripes are built very similarly to the security threads described above, also having a reflective aluminium layer.
  • it further comprises at least one area with a magnetic material, which is preferably in direct contact with the metallization or metallic print.
  • the sacrificial element is optically concealed, preferably in that metallization and/or metallic print is applied on both sides thereof, or in that a camouflage layer is applied on the side opposite to the metallization and/or metallic print.
  • the metallization and/or metallic print may comprise or consist of negative indicia and/or positive indicia, which preferably alternate and do not overlap with magnetic areas along the length of the security thread.
  • a security document in particular paper based security document, comprising a security thread as outlined above, wherein preferably the security thread is at least partially embedded in the security document or attached to it.
  • a security document may comprise a central plastic layer bordered on both sides by a paper layer attached to the central plastic layer without the aid of adhesives, and wherein the security thread is located between one of the paper layers and the central plastic layer, wherein preferably at least one of the paper layers comprises an opening through which the security thread is visible.
  • the present invention relates to a method for making a security thread as outlined above, wherein onto a carrier layer metallization is applied, either by first full area application and subsequent etching to form indicia or by templated deposition to form indicia, and wherein prior to and/or subsequent to the application of the metallization at least one sacrificial element is deposited such that it is in galvanic contact with the metallization.
  • the present invention relates to a method for making a security document as outlined above , wherein the security thread is either embedded into a paper layer during the papermaking process, or wherein the security thread is applied to a paper layer, preferably in a heat sealing process.
  • Figure 1 shows a first embodiment according to the present invention. It shows a view onto a security thread 1 which essentially comprises a full surface metallization 2, which is provided with transparent openings or recesses 3, which form negative indicia such as letters, pictures, pictograms, numbers, signs, etc.
  • a security thread 1 which essentially comprises a full surface metallization 2, which is provided with transparent openings or recesses 3, which form negative indicia such as letters, pictures, pictograms, numbers, signs, etc.
  • the concept of such negative text metallic layer based security threads is as such well known in the art and can be combined with fluorescent features, etc. for example. In this case it is combined with magnetic features, in that magnetic areas 4 are interposed between two negative text areas.
  • the figures are to be understood as being just one section of an essentially unlimited length security thread of repeating patterns.
  • sacrificial material 5 In order to protect the metallic layer, which is in the range of a few angstroms thickness only, from the above-mentioned corrosion, in this case in the border area stripes of sacrificial material 5 are deposited. They are deposited such as not to interfere with the negative text 3. In this case they are only provided along the edges of the security thread, they may, in particular in view of the corrosive power of the magnetic areas, also be located adjacent to these areas 4.
  • Figure 1b shows another embodiment, in this case the sacrificial material 5 is not applied as stripes but as dots 5 in positions where needed.
  • Figure 1c shows yet another embodiment, in this case the dots are circular dots distributed randomly over the metallized area 2. It is to be noted that also the distribution of these sacrificial material 5 structures can be used as an additional security feature.
  • the sacrificial material 5 elements are distributed such as to be essentially invisible or at least not to interfere with the optical appearance of the metallization and/or negative text. In order to make sure that this is indeed the case, the sacrificial material 5 elements may also be provided between two layers of metallization.
  • Figure 1d show a cut through an embodiment of such a negative text security thread.
  • a negative text security thread typically comprises a plastic carrier layer 6, onto which the metallization is deposited as a full surface layer, and subsequent to this the negative text is etched away in a chemical process forming the recesses 3 which give rise to the transparent negative text. It is also possible to apply the layer 2 in a printing process. Normally on the opposite side there is further provided another layer 7, for the protection of the metallization and/or magnetic area 4.
  • the sacrificial material is dispersed within a layer covering the whole area of the layer in the security thread carrying the metallization elements, regardless of the position or geometry of the metallization elements.
  • the structure displayed here has two carrier layers 6.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
EP12167814.8A 2011-05-18 2012-05-14 Verbesserungen bei Sicherheitsfunktionen Active EP2524814B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH8432011 2011-05-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2524814A2 true EP2524814A2 (de) 2012-11-21
EP2524814A3 EP2524814A3 (de) 2013-07-10
EP2524814B1 EP2524814B1 (de) 2015-03-25

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EP12167814.8A Active EP2524814B1 (de) 2011-05-18 2012-05-14 Verbesserungen bei Sicherheitsfunktionen

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101413434B1 (ko) * 2013-01-25 2014-07-01 국립대학법인 울산과학기술대학교 산학협력단 전기수력학적현상을 이용하여 형성한 위조식별 구조체, 그 제조 방법, 그를 포함하는 화폐, 및 그를 이용한 위조식별방법
WO2017191450A1 (en) * 2016-05-06 2017-11-09 De La Rue International Limited Security device and method

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB440421A (en) * 1934-06-23 1935-12-23 Stanley Beaumont Chamberlain Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of security documents such as bank-notes or paper therefor
GB483142A (en) * 1937-11-24 1938-04-12 Stanley Beaumont Chamberlain Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of security documents such as bank-notes or paper therefor
GB9702064D0 (en) 1997-01-31 1997-03-19 De La Rue Holographics Ltd Manufacture of security tapes and security threads
DE19744953A1 (de) 1997-10-10 1999-04-15 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE10256832A1 (de) 2002-12-04 2004-06-24 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitsfolie und Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben
US7169472B2 (en) * 2003-02-13 2007-01-30 Jds Uniphase Corporation Robust multilayer magnetic pigments and foils
ITMI20051944A1 (it) 2005-10-14 2007-04-15 Fabriano Securities Srl Elemento di sicurezza per banconote o documenti rappresentanti un valore
DE102006055680A1 (de) 2006-11-23 2008-05-29 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitselement mit Metallisierung

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Chemie", vol. 3, pages: 595 - 599
HART, R. K., PROC. ROY. SOC., vol. A236, 1956, pages 68

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101413434B1 (ko) * 2013-01-25 2014-07-01 국립대학법인 울산과학기술대학교 산학협력단 전기수력학적현상을 이용하여 형성한 위조식별 구조체, 그 제조 방법, 그를 포함하는 화폐, 및 그를 이용한 위조식별방법
WO2017191450A1 (en) * 2016-05-06 2017-11-09 De La Rue International Limited Security device and method
GB2550122A (en) * 2016-05-06 2017-11-15 De La Rue Int Ltd Security device and method
GB2550122B (en) * 2016-05-06 2020-12-23 De La Rue Int Ltd Security device and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2524814B1 (de) 2015-03-25
EP2524814A3 (de) 2013-07-10

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