EP2522903B1 - Luftdüse zum Einbringen eines ein Oxidationsmittel umfassenden Gasstroms in einen Feuerraum - Google Patents

Luftdüse zum Einbringen eines ein Oxidationsmittel umfassenden Gasstroms in einen Feuerraum Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2522903B1
EP2522903B1 EP12166250.6A EP12166250A EP2522903B1 EP 2522903 B1 EP2522903 B1 EP 2522903B1 EP 12166250 A EP12166250 A EP 12166250A EP 2522903 B1 EP2522903 B1 EP 2522903B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
gas flow
finger
hood
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12166250.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2522903A3 (de
EP2522903A2 (de
Inventor
Guido Pütz
Manfred Walter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RWE Power AG
Original Assignee
RWE Power AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RWE Power AG filed Critical RWE Power AG
Publication of EP2522903A2 publication Critical patent/EP2522903A2/de
Publication of EP2522903A3 publication Critical patent/EP2522903A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2522903B1 publication Critical patent/EP2522903B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/20—Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. grids; Bottoms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/10007—Spouted fluidized bed combustors

Definitions

  • the subject matter of the present invention is an air nozzle for introducing a gas stream comprising an oxidizing agent, in particular air, into a combustion chamber, which can be used in particular for introducing an oxygen-containing gas stream into a fluidized-bed furnace.
  • a gas stream as fluidizing medium into the furnace, which is used together with a support medium such as sand and a granular fuel, such as lignite, to form a fluidized bed.
  • a support medium such as sand and a granular fuel, such as lignite
  • the oxygen contained therein is used as the oxidizing agent in the furnace.
  • the air serves as a fluidizing medium, by which the fuel to be burned and the support material such as sand held in suspension and thus fluidized.
  • a very large number of air nozzles can be used, for example more than 1,500 air nozzles per combustion chamber.
  • the air nozzles protrude into the combustion chamber and are each connected to a flow pipe, through which the fluidization medium is supplied.
  • the inflow pipes are usually passed through a refractory layer such as a suitably trained concrete or fireclay wall.
  • a refractory layer such as a suitably trained concrete or fireclay wall.
  • a kit of a nozzle plate for an air supply of a combustion furnace is known.
  • a nozzle plate and air ducts in the combustion furnace can be conducted.
  • the nozzle tube can be fastened to the nozzle plate with a bayonet closure on a rear side of the nozzle base.
  • a nozzle system in which a lid of the nozzle is mounted on a feed tube with a nut.
  • the present invention has the object, at least partially overcome the known from the prior art disadvantages and in particular to provide an air nozzle, which is easy to replace, for example, for several years of use, without causing damage to the flow pipes.
  • the gas stream comprising an oxidizing agent is understood in particular to mean air or oxygen-enriched air or oxygen.
  • the nozzle finger is designed so that the gas flow supply can be connected to the flow pipe.
  • the at least one gas flow embodiment is preferably formed at right angles to the gas flow supply and is in particular in a lateral surface of the nozzle finger educated.
  • the nozzle hood preferably has a plurality of holes formed in a lateral surface of the nozzle hood for discharging the gas flow into the combustion chamber.
  • the nozzle finger has a substantially cylindrical geometry, wherein a gas flow supply is formed in an end face of the cylinder, while one or preferably a plurality of gas flow designs are formed in the lateral surface of the cylinder.
  • a gas flow supply is formed in an end face of the cylinder
  • one or preferably a plurality of gas flow designs are formed in the lateral surface of the cylinder.
  • the gas flow designs are distributed over the radius of the lateral surface and, in particular, are distributed radially uniformly over the lateral surface.
  • the nozzle cap preferably has a substantially cylindrical geometry, wherein the cylinder is closed at one end and the other end is formed so that the nozzle finger can be inserted therethrough in the nozzle hood and then connected to the nozzle finger.
  • the holes for the exit the gas stream are preferably formed in the lateral surface of this cylinder.
  • a thread-free clamping connection is understood in particular that no screw or threaded connection between the nozzle hood and the nozzle fingers is formed, so no connection in which on a screw or helical line, which includes a solid angle of more than 360 °, made a frictional connection between two elements becomes. Rather, it is preferably a compound in which come by twisting the nozzle cover relative to the nozzle finger by an angle of significantly less than 360 °, especially less than 180 °, more preferably less than 90 ° clamping elements on the nozzle finger and nozzle hood in frictional engagement , A preferred embodiment is a bayonet closure.
  • the clamping connection is formed by rotating two elements, in particular two at least partially annular elements, on the nozzle finger and nozzle hood against each other.
  • the elements are also referred to as first connection means in the case of the nozzle finger and as second connection means in the case of the nozzle hood.
  • the preparation of the clamping connection by simply rotating preferably by a predetermined angular range such as 90 ° or less allows easy release of the nozzle hood and nozzle fingers and possibly also an exchange alone the nozzle hood with a retention of the nozzle finger.
  • This simple disassembly and assembly is possible even under difficult conditions, for example, using work gloves and the like.
  • Even after prolonged operation of such air nozzles there is no caking, that is, to form a cohesive connection between the nozzle hood and nozzle fingers, which also after prolonged use allows easy release of nozzle hood and nozzle fingers without damaging the flow tube.
  • nozzle fingers and nozzle hood are designed so that the nozzle hood surrounds the nozzle finger in the connected state of a base plate on the outside in a longitudinal direction.
  • the nozzle finger has a base plate against which the nozzle hood rests or in the vicinity of which the nozzle hood ends.
  • the base plate is to be understood as meaning a plane from which the nozzle hood surrounds the nozzle finger in the longitudinal direction on the outside in the longitudinal direction.
  • the base plate can serve to form a connection with a flow pipe or with an annular disc.
  • the nozzle finger on a first connection means for producing the unthreaded clamping connection, which extends from the base plate in the longitudinal direction while the nozzle cover has a corresponding second connection means which is suitable and intended for receiving the first connection means.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to realize improved protection against penetrating granular material such as the carrier medium.
  • the formation of the clamping connection can thereby be laid in a plane which is spaced in the longitudinal direction of the base plate, so that the connection between the nozzle hood and nozzle fingers is denser gestaltbar than in a formation of the clamping connection in the plane of the base plate or in their immediate vicinity.
  • this can be advantageous, especially when using a very small granular carrier medium.
  • this is formed of a cast steel, preferably austenitic cast steel.
  • a material can be used, which is sold under the material number 1.4828 or 1.4837 steel key.
  • Such a material has been found to be particularly heat resistant even at high temperatures.
  • the tensile strength, the 0.2% proof stress, the elongation at break, the thermal conductivity, the specific heat capacity and the expansion coefficient are determined in accordance with EN10295.
  • the nozzle fingers and / or nozzle hood are made of the material 1.4837 or 1.4828 after the steel key.
  • the nozzle fingers and / or nozzle hood can also be formed from at least one of the following materials: 1.4841 after the steel key and / or 2.4816 after the steel key.
  • the cross-section over the length of the gas flow design that is, over the thickness of the material from which the nozzle finger and / or the nozzle hood is formed, it can be achieved that the gas flow when passing through the gas flow design and / or the hole for discharging assumes fluidic properties.
  • the flow direction, the flow distribution, the flow velocity and also the type of flow can be controlled, for example with regard to a possible turbulence in the flow. It is thus possible to design the nozzle fingers and nozzle hood so that certain gas flows are produced in the furnace. Thus, it is possible to use distributed over a firebox differently shaped air nozzles, so as to achieve optimal fluidization in the furnace.
  • it is possible to make the gas flow designs and / or the holes for discharging so that the least possible wear occurs in the nozzle.
  • this comprises an annular disc for connection to a flow pipe and the gas flow supply of the nozzle finger, wherein the inner diameter of the annular disc substantially corresponds to the outer diameter of the flow pipe and the outer diameter of the annular disc is larger than an outer diameter of the gas flow supply.
  • annular disc offers significant advantages over the known from the prior art solutions.
  • a nozzle finger is welded directly from the outside onto the inflow pipe, this therefore extends into the gas flow supply of the nozzle finger. With repeated replacement of the corresponding nozzle finger, this regularly leads to thickening of the material in the interior of the inflow pipe, which reduces the flow-through cross section of the inflow pipe and has a negative effect on the flow properties, in particular on the Reynolds number of the flow in the inflow pipe.
  • a corresponding annular disc according to the embodiment of the present invention is advantageous because the corresponding annular disc from the outside of the flow pipe - for example, selectively - can be welded without causing a reduction in the flow-through cross-section of the flow pipe. Furthermore, the use of an annular disc allows easier disassembly of the nozzle finger, without causing damage to the flow pipe.
  • the annular disc itself can be connected in a simple manner with the gas flow supply, preferably cohesively, for example by punctiform or linear welding.
  • the method allows in a simple manner the replacement of closures on air nozzles, especially in combustion chambers in a fluidized bed combustion.
  • the air nozzles can preferably be used to form a fluidized layer, in which a gas stream comprising an oxidant, such as air, is introduced through the air nozzle into the furnace and used there for fluidization as fluidizing medium.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a sectional view of an air nozzle according to the invention 1.
  • the air nozzle 1 is used in particular for introducing an air flow into a furnace with a fluidized bed combustion.
  • the air nozzle 1 comprises a nozzle finger 2.
  • This has a gas flow supply 3 and a plurality of gas flow designs 4.
  • the nozzle finger 2 has a substantially cylindrical geometry with a lateral surface 5.
  • the gas flow versions 4 are designed as holes through the lateral surface 5 of the nozzle finger 2.
  • the gas flow supply 3 is designed through a hole in one of the end faces 6 of the nozzle finger 2.
  • nozzle finger 2 is covered by a nozzle hood 7.
  • Nozzle fingers 2 and nozzle hood 7 are detachably connected together by a thread-free clamping connection, with reference to Fig. 2 will be explained in more detail.
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows a section through the corresponding in Fig. 1 designated place.
  • the nozzle finger 2 in this case has first connection means 8, which are brought into frictional connection with second connection means 9 of the nozzle hood 7.
  • the nozzle hood 7 is slipped over the nozzle finger 2.
  • the second connecting means 9 above or below the first connecting means. 8 pushed until a traction is achieved.
  • first connecting means 8 and second connecting means 9 do not form a thread, ie the connection is a thread-free clamping connection.
  • First connecting means 8 and second connecting means 9 preferably represent substantially planar elements, of which at least one is slightly beveled, so that when twisting against each other, the formation of the frictional connection occurs.
  • first connecting means 8 and second connecting means 9 are designed so that they are in the longitudinal direction 10 (see Fig. 1 ) have a thickness of at least 1 mm, preferably of at least 2 or even at least 4 mm.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows a longitudinal section through a nozzle finger 2.
  • the nozzle finger 2 Perpendicular to the longitudinal direction 10, the nozzle finger 2 gas flow versions 4. These are formed in the lateral surface 5 of the nozzle finger 2.
  • sealing means 11 are formed. In the present embodiment, this is a corresponding projection in the state connected to the nozzle hood 7 (see. Fig. 1 ) to a seal of the space between the nozzle hood 7 and nozzle fingers 2 causes. In particular, the penetration of fluidizing medium can be effectively reduced.
  • Fig. 3 an annular base plate 12, by means of which the nozzle finger 2 is connectable to a corresponding circular ring.
  • the distance in the longitudinal direction 10 between the first connecting means 8 and the gas flow versions 4 can be varied depending on the properties of the fluidized bed in order to avoid the penetration of sand through the nozzle hood 7 and the gas flow designs 10 into the gas flow feed 3.
  • the gas flow versions 4 are formed in this embodiment in several rows in the longitudinal direction 10 one above the other.
  • Fig. 4 schematically shows the in Fig. 3 It can be seen, inter alia, that the gas flow versions 4 (which are provided here for clarity, as well as in the other figures only in part with reference numerals) are widened inside. For more details will be on Fig. 13 referenced below. Evident are also the first connecting means 8, the sealing means 11 and the base plate 12th
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows a longitudinal section of a nozzle hood 7
  • Fig. 6 schematically the in Fig. 5 with VI marked cross section through the nozzle hood 7.
  • This has an outer shell 13 with a plurality of holes 14 for discharging the gas flow in the furnace.
  • the holes 14 for discharging the gas flow which are connected in the connected to the nozzle finger 2 state with the at least one gas flow design 4 in fluid communication, taper from the inside to the outside, so are expanded in the interior.
  • the nozzle hood 7 furthermore has an opening 15 which, unlike the holes 14, is not formed in the lateral surface 13 but in an end face of the nozzle hood 7.
  • the opening 15 serves to insert the nozzle finger 2 during assembly of the nozzle hood 7 and nozzle fingers 2.
  • connection means 9 are provided for connection to the corresponding first connection means 8 of the nozzle finger 2.
  • Fig. 7 schematically shows a perspective view of a nozzle finger 2.
  • the gas flow versions 4 are formed over the circumference of the substantially cylindrical nozzle finger 2 evenly distributed in two übereinaderode rows.
  • the gas flow supply 3 limiting base plate 12 is formed on a frontal surface of the nozzle finger 2.
  • the sealing means 11 and the first connecting means 8 are formed.
  • the stream of gas comprising an oxidant flows through the gas stream feed 3 into the nozzle finger 2 and flows out of the nozzle finger 2 into the space between the nozzle finger 2 and the nozzle cap 7 through the gas stream executions 4.
  • Fig. 8 schematically shows a perspective view of a nozzle hood 7.
  • the nozzle hood 7 is slipped over the nozzle finger 2, by a frictional connection between the second connecting means 9 of the nozzle hood 7 and the first connecting means 8 of the nozzle finger 2 is a frictional connection of nozzle hood 7 and Nozzle finger 2.
  • the gas stream comprising an oxidizing agent, preferably air or oxygen-enriched air, flows through the gas stream feed 3 into the nozzle finger 2 during operation and leaves it through the gas stream designs 4. The gas stream then leaves the nozzle cap 7 through the holes 14.
  • FIG the nozzle cover 7 tool engagement 16 on. At these a tool, for.
  • the air nozzle 1 according to the invention represents a significant improvement in this respect, which significantly reduces the cost and material costs for maintenance and replacement of the air nozzles 1.
  • Fig. 8 a further sealing means 11 which is intended to prevent the penetration of carrier medium into the nozzle finger 2.
  • Fig. 9 schematically shows the nozzle hood 7. In the interior, the nozzle hood 7, the second connecting means 9.
  • Fig. 10 shows the corresponding cross section through the nozzle finger 2. This has from bottom to top, the base plate 12, the sealing means 11 and the first connecting means 8.
  • the first connecting means 8 and the second connecting means 9 of the nozzle hood 7 are superimposed and then rotated against each other, so that there is a frictional connection between the first connecting means 8 and second connecting means 9 and thus between the nozzle fingers 2 and Nozzle hood 7 is formed.
  • FIG. 11 schematically shows an annular disc 17.
  • This annular disc 17 has an inner diameter 18.
  • the annular disc 17 is formed around a flow pipe 19 around.
  • the inner diameter 18 of the annular disc 17 corresponds substantially to an outer diameter 20 of the Anströmrohrs 19.
  • the annular disc 17 is in particular designed so that it can easily put on corresponding flow pipes 19, so that the flow pipe 19 is formed within the annular disc 17, but a minimum distance between the annular disc 17 and the flow tube 19 remains. Then, the formation of a cohesive connection between the annular disc 17 and the flow pipe 19 can take place, preferably by welding.
  • the annular disc 17 has an outer diameter 21 which is larger than a corresponding outer diameter of the base plate 12 of the nozzle finger 2, so that in a simple manner a cohesive connection between the nozzle finger 2 and annular disc 17 can be formed.
  • FIG. 12 clearly, which schematically shows a nozzle finger 2 in the installed state.
  • the base plate 12 of the nozzle finger 2 is integrally connected to the annular disc 17. This is formed at the upper end of a Anströmrohrs 19, which extends through a heat-resistant cladding 22 therethrough.
  • the base plate 12 is integrally connected and in particular by welding with the annular disc 17.
  • Another possibility of an embodiment according to the invention provides that the inflow pipe protrudes from the heat-resistant lining 22 for a certain amount, that is, there is a distance between the lower edge of the annular disc 17 and the surface of the heat-resistant lining 22.
  • Fig. 13 schematically illustrates a possibility of the course of the gas flow design 4 and the holes 14. These each extend from an inner side 23 to an outer side 24.
  • Wie Fig. 13 shows, the gas flow version 4 or the hole 14 on the inside a widening 25.
  • the gas flow version 4 and / or the hole 14 thus taper from the inside to the outside.
  • the widening 25 is designed so that it can be described by a circular arc with a radius 26.
  • Fig. 14 schematically shows a nozzle finger 2 of a second embodiment of an air nozzle 1 according to the invention.
  • the nozzle finger 2 in the second embodiment has first connection means 8 with clamping region 27 which extend from the base plate 12 of the nozzle finger 2 in the longitudinal direction 10.
  • the longitudinal direction 10 is defined so that it points from the base plate 12 in the direction which is covered by the nozzle hood 7 in the connected state.
  • FIG. 15 shows a corresponding longitudinal section of the nozzle finger 2.
  • both oppositely formed first connecting means 8 a clamping portion 27, via which a thread-free clamping connection with the second connecting means 9 of the corresponding nozzle hood 7 can be formed.
  • FIGS. 15 and 16 schematically show a longitudinal section and a cross section through the nozzle finger. 2
  • FIGS. 17 and 18 schematically show the corresponding nozzle hood 7 of the second embodiment of the air nozzle according to the invention 1.
  • the nozzle hood 7 has two second connecting means 9, which are each designed as an L-shaped slot.
  • the L is adapted in its contour to the contour of the nozzle hood 7, such as Fig. 18 shows.
  • the narrow leg of the L-shaped slot of the second connecting means 9 is formed as a clamping region 27. In cooperation with the clamping region 27 of the first connecting means 8 of the nozzle finger 2 so a thread-free clamping connection between the nozzle finger 2 and nozzle hood 7 is formed.
  • the air nozzle 1 according to the invention advantageously makes it possible, with good fluidic properties and low wear, to introduce air as a gas stream comprising an oxidizing agent into a combustion chamber, in particular a fluidized bed furnace.
  • the nozzle hood 7 can be easily reversibly separated from the nozzle finger 2, the air nozzles 1 can be so easily inspected, maintained and replaced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
EP12166250.6A 2011-05-10 2012-05-01 Luftdüse zum Einbringen eines ein Oxidationsmittel umfassenden Gasstroms in einen Feuerraum Not-in-force EP2522903B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011101092A DE102011101092A1 (de) 2011-05-10 2011-05-10 Luftdüse zum Einbringen eines ein Oxidationsmittel umfassenden Gasstroms in einen Feuerraum

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2522903A2 EP2522903A2 (de) 2012-11-14
EP2522903A3 EP2522903A3 (de) 2015-01-21
EP2522903B1 true EP2522903B1 (de) 2016-07-13

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12166250.6A Not-in-force EP2522903B1 (de) 2011-05-10 2012-05-01 Luftdüse zum Einbringen eines ein Oxidationsmittel umfassenden Gasstroms in einen Feuerraum

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EP (1) EP2522903B1 (pl)
DE (1) DE102011101092A1 (pl)
PL (1) PL2522903T3 (pl)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2884171B1 (en) 2013-12-11 2016-04-13 Doosan Lentjes GmbH Air distribution nozzle for a fluidized bed reactor and a fluidized bed reactor
US9333476B2 (en) * 2014-07-16 2016-05-10 Amec Foster Wheeler North America Corp. Grid nozzle assembly, a fluidized bed reactor with a grid nozzle assembly and methods of using a grid nozzle assembly
CN105465778B (zh) * 2015-05-25 2018-02-23 无锡华光锅炉股份有限公司 一种风帽和接管之间的固定连接结构
CN105444161B (zh) * 2016-01-26 2017-07-07 哈尔滨红光锅炉总厂有限责任公司 环保节能型循环流化床锅炉
CN106705032B (zh) * 2017-03-21 2019-04-16 陕西华电瑶池发电有限公司 基于脱硝超低排放技术的循环流化床锅炉
JP6235189B1 (ja) * 2017-08-30 2017-11-22 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 空気ノズル、外筒、ボイラ及び発電システム並びに空気ノズルの外筒の交換方法
KR101921254B1 (ko) * 2018-04-25 2018-11-22 성실기계 주식회사 유동층 보일러용 공기순환 노즐장치
CN111508319A (zh) * 2020-04-24 2020-08-07 合肥磐石自动化科技有限公司 一种液体内的空气环演示喷嘴和演示装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9003391U1 (de) * 1990-03-23 1990-07-12 Jünger + Gräter GmbH & Co. Feuerfestbau, 6830 Schwetzingen Bausatz eines Düsenbodens für die Luftzuführung bei Verbrennungsöfen
DE4038341C1 (en) 1990-12-01 1992-06-25 Evt Energie- Und Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De Air nozzle for fluidic bed furnace - has protruding, screwed nozzle ring at air pipe end, with several apertures on partial circle
US7819071B2 (en) * 2006-11-16 2010-10-26 Seminatore Salvatore J Nozzle system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2522903A3 (de) 2015-01-21
DE102011101092A1 (de) 2012-11-15
PL2522903T3 (pl) 2017-03-31
EP2522903A2 (de) 2012-11-14

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