EP2522785B1 - Procédé et système d'isolation thermique intérieure de murs extérieurs de bâtiments - Google Patents

Procédé et système d'isolation thermique intérieure de murs extérieurs de bâtiments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2522785B1
EP2522785B1 EP12167005.3A EP12167005A EP2522785B1 EP 2522785 B1 EP2522785 B1 EP 2522785B1 EP 12167005 A EP12167005 A EP 12167005A EP 2522785 B1 EP2522785 B1 EP 2522785B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thermal insulation
insulation board
adhesive
moisture
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP12167005.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2522785A2 (fr
EP2522785A3 (fr
Inventor
Günter Rudolph
Andreas Weier
Martin Hitzler
Werner Duttlinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sto SE and Co KGaA
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Sto SE and Co KGaA
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Publication of EP2522785A3 publication Critical patent/EP2522785A3/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7675—Insulating linings for the interior face of exterior walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/70—Drying or keeping dry, e.g. by air vents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a system for internal insulation of external building walls.
  • the first known system for internal insulation of a building exterior wall provides for the use of a vapor barrier.
  • the vapor barrier is mounted directly or indirectly on the interior side of the thermal barrier coating, so that a diffusion of water vapor is prevented from the inside to the outside.
  • the use of a vapor barrier is not without problems.
  • with the use of a vapor barrier increases the cost of producing the building exterior wall, since the vapor barrier layer must be performed without interruption.
  • the individual vapor barrier webs have to be adhesively bonded to one another in the region of the joints and in the region of their connections to adjacent components in order to form the vapor barrier layer. Furthermore, care must be taken that no subsequent damage to the vapor barrier layer takes place.
  • Damage can for example already be caused by the impact of a nail, so that a permanent functioning of the vapor barrier can not be guaranteed. Because a vapor pressure equalization takes place even by the smallest gaps or holes, so that water vapor enters the structure of the building exterior wall.
  • the second known system provides for the use of a capillary-active vapor-permeable thermal insulation board.
  • Capillary-active thermal insulation panels have the property of being able to easily absorb moisture via the capillary and to be able to dissipate it again. Accordingly, capillary-active thermal insulation panels allow rapid dehydration of the system in the event of condensed water failure, thus avoiding long-lasting moisture penetration and the associated risk of mold formation.
  • it decreases by a regularly increased Water absorption the thermal insulation capacity of the thermal insulation material. This can only be compensated by the fact that the thermal insulation material is applied in a greater layer thickness. In the case of interior insulation, however, this is associated with a loss of space.
  • a component in particular a thermal insulation board, which is impregnated or coated with an impregnating or coating agent in such a way that it has a certain water vapor transmission resistance which is greater than that of the base material of the thermal insulation panel.
  • the impregnation or coating should make a vapor barrier unnecessary.
  • a capillary-active wall renovation plate for the desalination of salt-laden walls emerges.
  • the capillary activity of the plate causes moisture and salts dissolved therein to be absorbed from the wall.
  • an adhesive such as a cement adhesive can be used. This must be permeable to water to allow desalination of the wall.
  • the wall renovation panel additionally improves the thermal insulation of the wall due to its high porosity.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a process-safe and little damage-prone method and system for internal insulation of a building exterior wall.
  • the method according to the invention or the system according to the invention should make it possible to omit a vapor barrier.
  • At least one capillary-active, water vapor-permeable thermal insulation panel is used to form a thermal insulation layer, which is fastened by means of an adhesive to the inside of the building exterior wall.
  • the adhesive used in this case is used at the same time to form a moisture-regulating intermediate layer, which is able to absorb moisture, especially precipitated condensate, temporarily store and release again.
  • a moisture-regulating intermediate layer which according to the invention coincides with the adhesive layer for fixing the thermal insulation panel on the inside of the building exterior wall, can on the arrangement of a vapor barrier - however a capillary active diffusion-open thermal insulation board is used - omitted.
  • the capillary-active, vapor-permeable thermal insulation board prevents rapid drying of the system in the event of a condensation water failure. Nevertheless, no worse thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation panel can be determined in a condensation water. This is due to the fact that the moisture is almost completely absorbed by the moisture-regulating intermediate layer and temporarily stored. Surprisingly, it was found that the moisture temporarily stored in the intermediate layer neither leads to mold formation nor to a loss of stability of the wall structure. If the dew period is over, ie there is a vapor pressure gradient favoring vapor diffusion from outside to inside, the moisture temporarily stored in the moisture-regulating intermediate layer is removed as water vapor back into the interior of the room.
  • the advantages of a method according to the invention are obvious.
  • the formation or arrangement of a vapor barrier is dispensable, so that the processing reliability increases.
  • a longer lasting moisture penetration of the thermal insulation and a concomitant reduced thermal insulation of the thermal insulation are avoided. It is therefore not necessary to form the thermal barrier coating at the expense of the interior in a greater strength.
  • the system applied by means of a method according to the invention permits vapor diffusion, by means of which moisture can be withdrawn from the interior during the dew period and moisture can be supplied during the evaporation period.
  • the inventive method therefore leads to a breathable interior insulation of a building exterior wall whose moisture-regulating properties ensure a healthy and pleasant indoor climate inside the building.
  • the adhesive for full-surface bonding of the thermal insulation board with the building exterior wall and the formation of a continuous moisture-regulating intermediate layer is evenly distributed on the surface to be bonded of the building exterior wall and / or the thermal insulation board.
  • Any voids between the building exterior wall and the thermal insulation panel are preferably completely filled by the adhesive to ensure that the moisture is retained in the moisture control interlayer. It is also within the meaning of the invention that such cavities are leveled with a ground plaster, which then forms the basis for the moisture-regulating adhesive of the invention.
  • the adhesive is applied by spraying, brushing, rolling and / or filling, preferably with the aid of a tooth trowel, on the inside of the building exterior wall and / or the thermal insulation board.
  • spraying, brushing, rolling and / or filling preferably with the aid of a tooth trowel, on the inside of the building exterior wall and / or the thermal insulation board.
  • the adhesive is applied both to the wall surface and to the thermal insulation board.
  • the storage capacity of the moisture-regulating intermediate layer is adjusted such that the absorption capacity of moisture is ensured over the period of a dew period.
  • the duration of a dew period depends on the individual case. The determinants of the individual case are the season, the time of day, the geographical position of the building, the orientation of the outer wall of the building in relation to the direction of the compass and the specific use of the interior bounded by the outer wall of the building, to name but a few. All factors have an influence on the temperature and the moisture content of the boundary layers or air layers adjacent to the outer wall of the building and on the other side. For example, the dew period may last only one night or a full winter.
  • the ability of the adhesive to absorb moisture and temporarily store it is preferably adjusted via its layer thickness. Further preferably, the layer thickness is 0.2 mm to 20 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 10 mm.
  • an adhesive composition can be used which results in the formation of an adhesive layer having improved sorption properties.
  • the thermal insulation board has a water vapor diffusion resistance coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 20, further preferably ⁇ ⁇ 10. Due to the hydrophobic properties is a water absorption of the Thermal insulation panel largely excluded, while the thermal insulation panel is also open to diffusion with appropriate water vapor resistance resistance number. If the properties of the thermal insulation panel according to the invention are met, the individual embodiment can vary widely. It is irrelevant whether the thermal insulation board consists of a homogeneous insulating material or a combination of different insulating materials. Likewise, for example, a coating applied to a surface of the insulating board and / or an applied reinforcing or nonwoven fabric has no influence on the invention, as long as the openness of diffusion is ensured.
  • thermal insulation panels are used with a high thermal insulation effect.
  • this leads to an advantageously lower layer thickness of the system structure and thus to a small loss of living space.
  • the water vapor diffusion resistance is low, which is advantageous in terms of the diffusion-open nature of the invention the heat insulation plate.
  • Thermal insulation panels with such properties are based, for example, on hydrophobized silica airgel. Thermal insulation panels with thermal conductivities ⁇ ⁇ 0.030 W / (m * K), in particular ⁇ ⁇ 0.025 W / (m * K) and preferably ⁇ ⁇ 0.020 W / (m * K), are therefore preferably used.
  • a coating for example in the form of a filler, a single or multi-layer plaster, which may be reinforced by the introduction of a reinforcing fabric, a paint or the like, at least one bonded to the building exterior wall to form a thermal barrier coating thermal insulation board, is applied as a room-side conclusion.
  • a visually attractive final coating can be formed.
  • the system for internal insulation of a building exterior wall proposed for solving the problem initially set comprises at least one capillary-active, vapor-diffusion-open thermal insulation board for forming a thermal insulation layer and an adhesive for fixing the thermal insulation board to the inside of the building exterior wall, wherein the adhesive also forms a moisture-regulating intermediate layer, which in the It is able to absorb moisture, especially precipitated condensate, to temporarily store and release it.
  • the system of thermal insulation board and adhesive has the advantages already described above in connection with the method according to the invention, so that reference is made to avoid repetition thereof.
  • the thermal insulation panel preferably has hydrophobic properties. This ensures that no or at least only a very low water absorption takes place. Further preferably, the thermal insulation board has a water vapor diffusion resistance coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 20, preferably ⁇ ⁇ 10, so that a water vapor diffusion is ensured by the thermal insulation board.
  • a mineral or organic adhesive may be used.
  • the adhesive preferably has a water vapor diffusion resistance coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 25.
  • the glue thus assumes a double function.
  • he keeps the thermal insulation board on the inside of the building exterior wall, on the other hand he holds precipitating condensation in the intermediate layer stored until the dew period of a Evaporation period is replaced and the moisture in the form of water vapor can be discharged through the thermal insulation panel back into the room.
  • the internal insulation system according to the invention is applied to a load-bearing wall former, for example a 20 cm thick C35 / 45 concrete wall.
  • the heat transfer coefficient of the building exterior wall made of concrete is 3.44 W / (m 2 * K).
  • a 3 cm thick thermal barrier coating comprising at least one heat-insulating panel based on hydrophobized silica airgel is applied to the inside of the building exterior wall.
  • the reinforcing layer On the thermal insulation board a reinforcing layer is applied with an inserted reinforcing fabric.
  • the reinforcing layer consists of a 4mm thick layer of a mineral plaster, which also according to DIN EN 998-1 as a vapor-permeable coating a water vapor diffusion resistance coefficient ⁇ ⁇ 25 must have.
  • a silicate finishing coat of grain size K 1.5 according to DIN EN 15824 is applied to the reinforcing layer.
  • the Fig. 1 and 2 in each case a cross-section through a building exterior wall 1 with an according to the state of the art running internal insulation can be seen.
  • the building exterior wall 1 is made of masonry and is 24cm thick.
  • a 10 cm thick thermal barrier coating 2 is formed, which comprises at least one thermal insulation panel 3.
  • the figures show an example of the temperature profile 8 through the building exterior wall 1 at an interior temperature of 18.5 ° C and an outside temperature of - 9.5 ° C.
  • a water vapor diffusion 10 is prevented by the building exterior wall, since the interior side, a vapor barrier 11 is arranged.
  • no condensation water precipitates, so that the structure of the outer wall of the building is protected against condensation.
  • the vapor barrier 11 is very susceptible to damage and protection against condensation only guaranteed if the vapor barrier 11 remains permanently undamaged. If the film used as a vapor barrier 11, for example, by hammering a nail injured, water vapor can get into the structure of the building exterior wall 1 and precipitate as condensation.
  • the building exterior wall 1 is moistened within its structure, because the location of the condensation water 9 is usually in the region of the boundary layer between the thermal insulation panel 3 and the building exterior wall 1 (see Fig. 2 ). However, a drying of the wall is prevented at the same time by the inside of the room applied vapor barrier 11.
  • Fig. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of a known from the prior art interior insulation, which seeks to avoid the disadvantages of a vapor barrier 11. This is achieved by completely dispensing with a vapor barrier 11.
  • a thermal insulation board 3 is used to form a thermal barrier coating 2, which is permeable and capillary active.
  • the thermal insulation board is therefore suitable to absorb both water vapor, as well as moisture and to give them back to the interior via the capillary.
  • the disadvantage proves that the thermal insulation board 3 usually has a high moisture content and thus poor Thermal insulation values.
  • the layer thickness of the thermal barrier coating 2 generally has to be increased. As a result, however, valuable residential or office space is lost.
  • the above-mentioned disadvantages of internal insulation of a building exterior wall 1 can be remedied by using the method according to the invention or the system according to the invention.
  • This is exemplary in the Fig. 3 shown.
  • the plate thus has over conventional thermal insulation panels improved thermal insulation properties.
  • such a plate is kapillarinattention, that is permeable to water vapor, but not for water.
  • a vapor barrier 11 In order to prevent a condensation water within the structure of the building exterior wall 1, the formation or arrangement of a vapor barrier 11 according to the embodiment of the Fig. 1 required. If, on the other hand, a vapor barrier 11 is dispensed with, the use of a capillary-active thermal insulation board 3 is required.
  • the present invention now goes new ways by proposing the use of a capillary active thermal insulation board 3 for internal insulation of a building exterior wall 1, but at the same time waives a vapor barrier 11.
  • the condensate in the present case is taken up by a moisture-regulating intermediate layer 6 which is formed between the thermal insulation panel 3 and the external building wall 1.
  • an adhesive 4 is used, which is applied to the inside 5 of the building exterior wall 1 and / or on the surface 7 to be bonded to the thermal insulation board 3.
  • the glue 4 not only absorbs the condensate, but also stores it until the end of the dew period and then releases it back into the interior during the evaporation period by means of an opposite water vapor diffusion 10 '. In this case, a part of the moisture may also evaporate on the building exterior wall 1.
  • the inventive method and the system according to the invention thus have the advantages that a highly heat-insulating capillary active thermal insulation board 3 small thickness can be used, which leads to a gain in space. Furthermore, it is possible to dispense with a damage-susceptible vapor barrier 11. This also increases the processing security. Finally, the adhesive 4 is used to form the moisture-regulating intermediate layer 6, which at the same time serves to secure the thermal insulation panel 3 to the inside 5 of the external building wall 1. In this respect, the inventive method or system requires no increased workload.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé pour l'isolation intérieure d'un mur extérieur de bâtiment (1), dans lequel au moins un panneau d'isolation thermique (3) perméable à la vapeur d'eau est fixé au côté intérieur (5) du mur extérieur de bâtiment (1) au moyen d'une colle (4) pour former une couche d'isolation thermique (2), la colle (4) étant simultanément utilisée pour former une couche intermédiaire (6) capable de restituer de l'humidité, en particulier de l'eau de condensation précipitée,
    caractérisé en ce que le panneau d'isolation thermique (3) est non-tensioactif et la couche intermédiaire (6) est régulatrice d'humidité et capable de stocker temporairement de l'humidité, en particulier de l'eau de condensation précipitée.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que la colle (4) est appliquée de façon à être répartie uniformément sur la surface à coller (7) du mur extérieur de bâtiment (1) et/ou du panneau d'isolation thermique (3), pour un collage de l'ensemble de la surface du panneau d'isolation thermique (3) avec le mur extérieur de bâtiment (1) et pour la formation d'une couche intermédiaire (6) continue régulatrice d'humidité.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que la colle (4) est appliquée par pulvérisation, par enduction, au rouleau et/ou à la spatule, de préférence à l'aide d'une truelle dentée.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que la capacité de la colle (4) à absorber de l'humidité et à la stocker temporairement est définie par son épaisseur de couche, l'épaisseur de couche mesurant de préférence entre 0,2 mm et 20 mm, et encore de préférence entre 0,5 mm et 10 mm.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un panneau d'isolation thermique (3) présentant des propriétés hydrophobes et de préférence une valeur de résistance à la diffusion de vapeur d'eau de µ < 20, et encore de préférence de µ < 10, est utilisé pour la formation de la couche d'isolation thermique (2).
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'un revêtement, par exemple sous la forme d'un mastic, d'un plâtre à une ou plusieurs couches, d'un enduit ou autre, est appliqué en tant que finition côté pièce sur l'au moins un panneau d'isolation thermique (3) collé avec le mur extérieur de bâtiment (1) pour la formation d'une couche d'isolation thermique (2).
  7. Système pour l'isolation intérieure d'un mur extérieur de bâtiment (1), comprenant au moins un panneau d'isolation thermique (3) perméable à la vapeur pour la formation d'une couche d'isolation thermique (2), et une colle (4) pour la fixation du panneau d'isolation thermique (3) au côté intérieur (5) du mur extérieur de bâtiment (1), la colle (4) formant simultanément une couche intermédiaire (6) capable d'absorber et de restituer de l'humidité, en particulier de l'eau de condensation précipitée, caractérisé en ce que le panneau d'isolation thermique (3) est non-tensioactif et la couche intermédiaire (6) est régulatrice d'humidité et capable de stocker temporairement de l'humidité, en particulier de l'eau de condensation précipitée.
  8. Système selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé en ce que le panneau d'isolation thermique (3) présente des propriétés hydrophobes et de préférence une valeur de résistance à la diffusion de vapeur d'eau de µ < 20, et encore de préférence de µ < 10.
  9. Système selon la revendication 7 ou 8,
    caractérisé en ce que la colle (4) est une colle minérale ou organique, présentant de préférence une valeur de résistance à la diffusion de vapeur d'eau de µ < 25.
EP12167005.3A 2011-05-11 2012-05-07 Procédé et système d'isolation thermique intérieure de murs extérieurs de bâtiments Active EP2522785B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011101261A DE102011101261A1 (de) 2011-05-11 2011-05-11 Verfahren und System zur Innendämmung von Gebäudeaußenwänden

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2522785A2 EP2522785A2 (fr) 2012-11-14
EP2522785A3 EP2522785A3 (fr) 2014-06-18
EP2522785B1 true EP2522785B1 (fr) 2016-01-06

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DE (1) DE102011101261A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014101707A1 (de) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Interbran Systems Ag Wärmedämmplatte
EP3081715B1 (fr) 2015-04-17 2018-03-21 STO SE & Co. KGaA Dispositif d'application manuel d'une masse pâteuse et procédé de formation d'une couche adhésive
DE102017010713A1 (de) 2017-11-20 2019-05-23 Sto Se & Co. Kgaa Verfahren zur Herstellung einer gedämmten Wand

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4210392C2 (de) 1991-03-30 1996-08-29 Werner Neu Bauelement für den Hochbau
DE4216204A1 (de) * 1992-05-15 1993-11-18 Rainer Haug Wärmedämmung für Gebäude
DE19706223C2 (de) * 1997-02-18 2000-11-30 Cape Calsil Deutschland Gmbh Wandsanierungsplatte für salzbelastete Mauern
US20060032171A1 (en) * 2004-07-27 2006-02-16 Weir Charles R Wall insulation system providing improved moisture control
SI1900884T1 (sl) * 2006-07-19 2009-02-28 Pavatex Sa Plošča iz mehkih lesenih vlaken za notranjo izolacijo
DE102008032738A1 (de) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-21 Christian Kadler Wandverkleidung und ein Verfahren zum Trockenlegen einer Wandoberfläche

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DE102011101261A1 (de) 2012-11-15
EP2522785A2 (fr) 2012-11-14
EP2522785A3 (fr) 2014-06-18

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