EP2518243B1 - Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät mit einer Türverriegelungsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät mit einer Türverriegelungsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2518243B1
EP2518243B1 EP11164054.6A EP11164054A EP2518243B1 EP 2518243 B1 EP2518243 B1 EP 2518243B1 EP 11164054 A EP11164054 A EP 11164054A EP 2518243 B1 EP2518243 B1 EP 2518243B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
latch
door
electric
movable
carriage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11164054.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2518243A1 (de
Inventor
Marco Biasiotto
Tommaso Luchetti
Giancarlo Arrigoni
Edi Fabbro
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Electrolux Home Products Corp NV
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Electrolux Home Products Corp NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Electrolux Home Products Corp NV filed Critical Electrolux Home Products Corp NV
Priority to EP11164054.6A priority Critical patent/EP2518243B1/de
Priority to RU2013152773/12A priority patent/RU2013152773A/ru
Priority to PCT/EP2012/057724 priority patent/WO2012146697A1/en
Priority to AU2012247522A priority patent/AU2012247522A1/en
Priority to CN201280020814.0A priority patent/CN103562478B/zh
Publication of EP2518243A1 publication Critical patent/EP2518243A1/de
Priority to US14/294,607 priority patent/US20150015001A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2518243B1 publication Critical patent/EP2518243B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/0001Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
    • E05B47/0009Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with thermo-electric actuators, e.g. heated bimetals
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06FLAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F37/00Details specific to washing machines covered by groups D06F21/00 - D06F25/00
    • D06F37/42Safety arrangements, e.g. for stopping rotation of the receptacle upon opening of the casing door
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06FLAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F39/00Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00 
    • D06F39/12Casings; Tubs
    • D06F39/14Doors or covers; Securing means therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24CDOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00Details
    • F24C15/02Doors specially adapted for stoves or ranges
    • F24C15/022Latches
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/0018Controlling processes, i.e. processes to control the operation of the machine characterised by the purpose or target of the control
    • A47L15/0049Detection or prevention of malfunction, including accident prevention
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L15/00Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
    • A47L15/42Details
    • A47L15/4251Details of the casing
    • A47L15/4257Details of the loading door
    • A47L15/4259Arrangements of locking or security/safety devices for doors, e.g. door latches, switch to stop operation when door is open
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2401/00Automatic detection in controlling methods of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, e.g. information provided by sensors entered into controlling devices
    • A47L2401/26Loading door status, e.g. door latch opened or closed state
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47LDOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L2501/00Output in controlling method of washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware, i.e. quantities or components controlled, or actions performed by the controlling device executing the controlling method
    • A47L2501/32Stopping or disabling machine operation, including disconnecting the machine from a network, e.g. from an electrical power supply
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/06Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
    • E05B47/0603Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents the detent moving rectilinearly

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device designed to lock a door or drawer in a closed position closing an opening in the casing of an electric household appliance, such as a washing machine, drier, combination washing machine-drier, dishwashing machine, or oven, to which the following description refers purely by way of example.
  • an electric household appliance such as a washing machine, drier, combination washing machine-drier, dishwashing machine, or oven
  • Appliances of the above type also comprise a door locking device designed to lock the door in the closed position closing the opening when the machine is running, or to release the door to allow the user to open it when the machine is in a given rest/off state.
  • the electric actuating device normally comprises a box body fixed to the appliance casing, alongside the opening, and housing the pin; a solenoid, i.e. an electric coil connected to electric control means by a positive temperature coefficient (PTC) protection device; and a sliding rod, which is fitted inside the solenoid, is connected at its free end to the pin by links and/or by gears with motion-transmission cams, and is moved in and out of the solenoid, between a withdrawn position and an extracted position, by the magnetic field generated by the solenoid, to control the movement of the pin.
  • PTC positive temperature coefficient
  • the electric actuating device also comprises a safety device designed to automatically cut off electric power to certain electronic/electric devices, normally the electric motor rotating the laundry drum, when the locking device releases the door.
  • Some safety devices comprise a bimetallic spring; and a positive temperature coefficient (PCT) resistance pad positioned facing the bimetallic spring inside the box body, and which, when traversed by controlled current, lengthens/shortens the bimetallic spring to close or open an electric safety switch series-connected to the electric motor power line.
  • the bimetallic spring is normally designed to cooperate mechanically with the links or gears of the electric actuating device, to prevent the door from opening when the safety switch is closed.
  • a major drawback of door locking devices of the above type is the high electric consumption of the positive temperature coefficient parts, which, despite the reduction in their resistance when heated, still remain powered throughout operation of the appliance, thus resulting in a far from negligible increase in the total electric consumption of the locking device.
  • locking devices of the above type also have the drawback of being fairly slow to release, by depending on the time taken by the safety device PTC pad to cool.
  • EP 1 619 287 discloses an household appliance comprising a door block/release device which is actuated by electrically powered actuator means and comprises an actuation element made of shape memory material inserted within a movable body.
  • the device is capable of passing from the condition of blocking to that of releasing the door both by means of a movement of the actuation element caused by the electrical power supply control of the actuator means and by means of a manual actuation, using the housing body as an element of manual mechanical transmission.
  • the electric power means for powering the resistance wire thereby produce a controlled Joule-effect variation in temperature.
  • Number 1 in Figure 1 indicates as a whole an electric household appliance preferably, though not necessarily, corresponding to a washing machine, which comprises a casing 2; an inner compartment 3 corresponding to a laundry drum mounted inside casing 2 and facing an opening 4 in casing 2; and a door 5 hinged to casing 2 to rotate, about a preferably, though not necessarily, vertical axis, between an open position and a closed position opening and closing opening 4 respectively.
  • inner compartment 3 corresponds to a baking compartment formed in the oven casing
  • the door corresponds to a door hinged to the casing to close the access opening to the baking compartment.
  • Appliance 1 also comprises a locking device 6 for locking door 5 in the closed position closing opening 4, when appliance 1 is in a predetermined operating state, or for releasing door 5 to allow it to move, or be moved, into the open position ( Figure 1 ) when appliance 1 is in a predetermined rest state.
  • locking device 6 comprises a preferably, though not necessarily, parallelepiped-shaped box body 7 having a longitudinal axis A and fixed to casing 2, alongside opening 4; and a latch 8 hinged to a first end 7a of box body 7 to rotate, about an axis of rotation B perpendicular to axis A, between a lock position ( Figure 5 ), in which latch 8 engages a catch 5a, projecting from the end of a catch arm 5b on door 5, to lock door in the closed position; a release position ( Figure 4 ), in which latch 8 is released from catch 5a on door 5, to permit withdrawal of catch 5a from latch 8 and disconnect door 5 from casing 2; and a rest position ( Figure 3 ), in which latch 8 is fully released from catch 5a on the catch arm on door 5.
  • Locking device 6 also comprises an actuator 11 housed inside box body 7 and designed to move latch 8 selectively into the lock position, in which latch 8 is locked to catch 5a on door 5; into the release position, in which latch 8 is released from catch 5a to open door 5; or into the rest position, in which catch 5a is fully detached from latch 8.
  • actuator 11 comprises a movable end member or carriage 12, which is mounted to slide on the major inner face of box body 7 along an axis C parallel to axis A, and is connected mechanically to latch 8 so that the axial movement of carriage 12 rotates latch 8 selectively about axis B into the rest position, lock position, or release position.
  • carriage 12 is movable between a first position ( Figure 3 ) at a minimum distance from end 7a to hold latch 8 in the rest position; a second position ( Figure 4 ) at a maximum distance from end 7a to hold latch 8 in the release position; and a third position ( Figure 5 ) at an intermediate distance, between the minimum and maximum distances, from end 7a, to hold latch 8 in the lock position.
  • carriage 12 moves in a reverse direction D into the second position, or in a forward direction E, opposite reverse direction D, into the first position.
  • actuator 11 also comprises elastic thrust means 14 designed to exert a predetermined elastic force on carriage 12 in direction E, so as to elastically oppose the movement of carriage in reverse direction D and push it into the first position.
  • Actuator 11 also comprises at least one shape-memory thrust-bearing device 15 in turn comprising at least one electrically conducting resistance wire 16 made of shape-memory alloy (SMA), and which extends parallel to axis A, has at least a first end or first portion connected to box body 7, and at least a second end or second portion connected to carriage 12, and is designed to vary in length alongside a variation in temperature, to move carriage 12 in reverse direction D; and electric wire powering means 18 for producing a controlled Joule-effect variation in the temperature and, hence, length of wire 16.
  • SMA shape-memory alloy
  • carriage 12 is mounted to slide inside a seat (not shown) formed in the major inner face of box body 7, and has a preferably, though not necessarily, cylindrical outer surface portion 12a, about which portions of wire 16 are wound.
  • Carriage 12 is separated from latch 8 by a wall or partition 17 perpendicular to axis A, and an outer face of which, on the opposite side to carriage 12, forms an inner supporting wall of a seat 7b housing latch 8. More specifically, in the release position, the outer supporting surface, opposite the inner lock surface, of latch 8 is positioned resting on the outer face of partition 17, i.e. on the supporting wall of seat 7b housing latch 8.
  • latch 8 is held in the rest position inside seat 7b by known elastic members (not shown) designed to elastically oppose rotation of latch 8 towards the supporting wall, and is connected to carriage 12 by a traction pin 13 designed to rotate latch 8 towards the supporting wall of partition 17 when carriage 12 moves in reverse direction D, or to allow the elastic members to rotate latch 8 away from the supporting wall of partition 17 when carriage 12 moves in forward direction E.
  • traction pin 13 preferably extends coaxially with axis C, and comprises a rear portion 13a fixed firmly to surface portion 12a of carriage 12 wound with wire 16; a front portion 13b projecting from the lock surface of latch 8 and designed to engage a slot 5c formed in an outer surface portion of catch 5a on catch arm 5b on door 5; and an intermediate portion 13c fitted and slidable freely inside a through opening or hole in partition 17, and a through opening or hole 20 in latch 8.
  • intermediate portion 13c of traction pin 13 is designed to allow latch 8 to move freely with respect to traction pin 13 and rotate between the lock position and rest position when carriage 12 is in the first position, and to hold latch 8 against partition 17 when carriage 12 is in the second position.
  • Front portion 13b of traction pin 13 is designed to engage slot 5c in catch 5a on door 5 when latch 8 is in the lock position, so as to hold the lock surface of latch 8 resting on the lock surface of catch 5a and connect catch 5a to latch 8, and is designed to secure and rotate latch 8 about axis B towards partition 17 when carriage 12 moves in reverse direction D.
  • elastic thrust means 14 comprise a leaf spring, i.e. a U-shaped strap of elastic, electrically conducting material, which has two ends 14a fixed rigidly to respective portions of the lateral walls 7c of box body 7 extending parallel to and on opposite sides of axis A; and a central segment 14b, preferably corresponding to the bend in the spring, fitted firmly to carriage 12 to exert elastic thrust on traction pin 13 in the forward direction E.
  • leaf spring i.e. a U-shaped strap of elastic, electrically conducting material
  • central segment 14b of leaf spring 14 is connected firmly to carriage 12 at rear portion 13a of traction pin 13, so as to keep traction pin 13 substantially aligned with axis C as carriage 12 moves; and the two wings 14c and 14d of spring 14 are designed to remain substantially straight and parallel to axis C when carriage 12 is in the first position, and to flex gradually outwards, in opposite directions F perpendicular to axis A, i.e. towards lateral walls 7c of box body 7, into a fully flexed position ( Figure 6 ) when carriage 12 is moved into the second position, and into a partly flexed position ( Figure 5 ) when carriage 12 is moved into the third position.
  • the end of one of the wings, 14d, of spring 14 is connected to a first electric connector 18a of power means 18 by a strap of electrically conducting material; and central segment 14b of spring 14 is connected electrically to a second electric connector 18b of power means 18 by wire 16, and by an automatic switch 23, which opens automatically when electric current flow along wire 16 exceeds a predetermined maximum threshold, to prevent Joule-effect overheating and damage/failure of wire 16.
  • automatic switch 23 comprises a fixed electric contact 24 connected electrically to second electric connector 18b; and an oscillating arm 25 made of electrically conducting material, and which has a free end fitted with a movable electric contact 26 facing fixed electric contact 24, and an opposite end pivoting inside box body 7 to allow arm 25 to oscillate partly, about an axis G perpendicular to axes A and B, between a closed position ( Figure 3 ) in which movable electric contact 26 rests on fixed electric contact 24, and an open position (not shown) in which movable electric contact 26 is detached from fixed electric contact 24.
  • Automatic switch 23 also comprises an elastic member 27, e.g. a spring, interposed between arm 25 and an inner wall of box body 7 to hold arm 25 in the closed position; and a head 28 designed to connect the second end of wire 16 to arm 25, and which, alongside a variation in the length of wire 16, moves between a first and second position along axis C to swing arm 25 between the closed and open positions.
  • an elastic member 27 e.g. a spring
  • Elastic member 27 is designed so that head 28, activated by wire 16, moves arm 25 into the open position when current flow along wire 16 exceeds the predetermined maximum threshold.
  • first end of wire 16 is connected electrically to central segment 14b of spring 14, and the second end is connected to a preferably, though not necessarily, central portion of arm 25.
  • wire 16 is made of nickel-titanium alloy, and is wound about head 28 and cylindrical portion 12a of carriage 12 to form a coil. More specifically, wire 16 is long enough to wind about carriage 12 and head 28 in a number of turns, which are kept taut between head 28 and carriage 12, and define five wire branches extending between carriage 12 and head 28 and substantially parallel to axis A.
  • wire 16 has a total length, measured between the first and second end at ambient temperature, of roughly 387 mm, is roughly 0.2 mm in diameter, and is designed to vary in crystalline structure, and therefore length, when subjected to a predetermined transformation temperature, e.g. of roughly 100°C.
  • carriage 12 and head 28 may either be connected or comprise two comb members 50, 51 mounted inside box body 7 to slide, parallel to axis C, between the positions described above; elastic thrust means 14 comprise one or more springs 52 interposed between comb members 51 and 52; and wire 16 advantageously comprises a crimped wire inserted inside the gaps between the teeth of comb members 50 and 51, with the crimped ends 53 resting on opposite outer faces of comb members 50 and 51.
  • crimped ends 53 are equally spaced along wire 16, and, when the wire is inserted inside the gaps in comb members 50 and 51, keep comb members 50, 51 parallel to each other and a given distance apart.
  • a crimped wire 16 in comb members 50, 51 of carriage 12 and head 28 has the big advantage of enabling fast, low-cost assembly of the wire to head 28 and carriage 12, and ensuring correct spacing of head 28 and carriage 12 by means of the crimped ends, which act as locators when assembling the device.
  • Locking device 6 also comprises a safety switch 29 designed to cooperate with latch 8, catch 5a, and actuator 11 to cut off electric power supply to one or more electric/electronic devices of appliance 1, such as the electric motor powering the laundry drum, in the event of a predetermined hazard situation associated with failure to lock, or only partial locking of, door 5 in the closed position.
  • a safety switch 29 designed to cooperate with latch 8, catch 5a, and actuator 11 to cut off electric power supply to one or more electric/electronic devices of appliance 1, such as the electric motor powering the laundry drum, in the event of a predetermined hazard situation associated with failure to lock, or only partial locking of, door 5 in the closed position.
  • Safety switch 29 is connected by connectors 32 of locking device 6 to a power line powering electric/electronic devices (not shown) of appliance 1, e.g. the line powering the electric motor of the drum of appliance 1, and is designed to automatically switch to the open position to cut off the power line when latch 8 is in any other than the lock position, and to automatically switch to the closed position, not cutting off the power line, when latch 8 is in the fully locked position.
  • a power line powering electric/electronic devices not shown
  • safety switch 29 comprises a fixed electric contact 30 connected in a fixed position to box body 7; and a movable electric contact 31 fitted to box body 7 to move to and from fixed electric contact 30 to open/close safety switch 29.
  • fixed electric contact 30 is located on the free end of a fixed arm made of electrically conducting material, and which extends parallel to axis A, is positioned facing and alongside wing 14d, and is connected at the opposite end to a first electric connector 32.
  • movable electric contact 31 is located on an intermediate portion of a movable arm made of electrically conducting material, and which extends parallel to axis A, is located between the fixed arm and a lateral wall 7c, on the opposite side to wing 14d, and is connected electrically to a second electric connector 32.
  • the movable arm fitted with movable electric contact 31 is designed to move movable electric contact 31 to and from fixed electric contact 30 in a direction substantially perpendicular to axis A.
  • Safety switch 29 also comprises a safety pin 34 fitted to latch 8, and which, as latch 8 rotates, moves axially in direction D along an axis H parallel to axis A, and in opposition to elastic devices, e.g. a spring (not shown) fitted to safety pin 34, between latch 8 and partition 17; and a lever mechanism 35 interposed between safety pin 34 and movable electric contact 31, and designed to move movable electric contact 31 between the closed position and the open position as safety pin 34 moves axially.
  • elastic devices e.g. a spring (not shown) fitted to safety pin 34, between latch 8 and partition 17
  • a lever mechanism 35 interposed between safety pin 34 and movable electric contact 31, and designed to move movable electric contact 31 between the closed position and the open position as safety pin 34 moves axially.
  • lever mechanism 35 comprises a substantially inverted-L-shaped arm, the short leg of which has a first end 35a resting on movable electric contact 31, and the long leg of which has a second end fixed firmly to safety pin 34, and a curved central portion resting in sliding manner on a guide or supporting portion 36 fixed firmly to box body 7.
  • the guide or supporting portion 36 is located at partition 17, between lever mechanism 35 and carriage 12, and is shaped to form a surface sloping with respect to axis A, i.e. a cam, and on which the central portion of lever mechanism 35 slides as the lever mechanism withdraws inside box body 7.
  • the sloping surface of supporting portion 36 is designed to slide lever mechanism 35 between a minimum withdrawal position, in which first end 35a keeps movable electric contact 31 at a maximum distance from fixed electric contact 30, and a maximum withdrawal position, in which the bend connecting the long and short legs of lever mechanism 35 is positioned close to wing 14d, and first end 35a holds movable electric contact 31 resting on fixed electric contact 30.
  • lever mechanism 35 As wing 14d inside box body 7 flexes in direction F, it also moves lever mechanism 35 from the maximum withdrawal position closing safety switch 29, to a safety position, in which first end 35a of lever mechanism 35 pushes movable electric contact 31 in direction F, thus detaching it from fixed electric contact 30 and opening safety switch 29.
  • safety pin 34 is located alongside traction pin 13 and fitted in axially sliding manner through a hole in partition 17 and a hole in latch 8.
  • the rear end of safety pin 34 is connected to lever mechanism 35, and the opposite end has a head 34a, which projects inside a lock groove 8a formed in latch 8 and designed to receive a projecting portion of catch 5a on door 5.
  • the projecting portion of catch 5a on door 5, and the lock groove 8a in the latch are complementary in shape, so that the projecting portion, as it engages lock groove 8a, pushes safety pin 34 axially in direction D.
  • locking device 6 also comprises a mechanical manual release mechanism 40, by which to release door 5 manually in the event of power failure to locking device 6 and/or a malfunction of actuator 11 caused, for example, by wire 16 breaking.
  • mechanical manual release mechanism 40 comprises a lever 41 connected firmly to latch 8 to rotate about axis B and rotate latch 8 from the lock position to the release position; a through opening 42 extending, perpendicularly to axis B, through casing 2 and box body 7, and having a first end in view and accessible from outside appliance 1, and a second end facing lever 41; and a manual release tool 43, which can be inserted inside opening 42 and operated manually to exert force on lever 41 to rotate latch 8 from the closed to the open position.
  • manual release tool 43 comprises a threaded rod, which screws manually inside a preferably small-pitch nut screw inside the opening, so as to move longitudinally to and from lever 41 and so rotate latch 8 from the closed to the open position.
  • locking device 6 Operation of locking device 6 will now be described with reference to Figures 3 , 4 , 5 and 6 , and as of the condition in which door 5 is open and latch 8 is free, i.e. is completely detached from catch 5a on the catch arm on door 5 ( Figure 3 ).
  • carriage 12 is in the first position; wings 14c and 14d of elastic thrust means 14 are substantially parallel to each other and to axis A; head 28 is held in the first position by oscillating arm 25, thus closing automatic switch 23; and safety pin 34 is fully extracted by the elastic devices, and holds lever mechanism 35 in the minimum withdrawal position in which first end 35a keeps movable electric contact 31 at the maximum distance from fixed electric contact 30, thus opening safety switch 29.
  • safety pin 34 withdraws axially, pushed partly by catch 5a, and slides lever mechanism 35 in direction D along supporting portion 36.
  • traction pin 13 moves from the first to the second position in opposition to the elastic force exerted by wings 14c and 14d, which flex gradually outwards into the fully flexed position, in which one of them intercepts and moves lever mechanism 35 in direction F into the safety position holding safety switch 29 in the open position.
  • door 5 is fully closed when the projecting portion of catch 5a engages the lock groove 8a in latch 8.
  • latch 8 is held onto catch 5a by the thrust members; elastic thrust means 14 push carriage 12 axially in direction E into the third position to insert the front portion of safety pin 34 into slot 5c in catch 5a; wings 14c and 14d move from the fully flexed to the partly flexed position; and the projecting portion of catch 5a pushes safety pin 34 axially along supporting portion 36 of the box body into the maximum withdrawal position, in which first end 35a of lever mechanism 35 brings movable contact 31 into contact with fixed contact 30 to close safety switch 29 and so power the motor.
  • door 5 can be moved from the closed to the open position when electronic control means (not shown) controlling electric power means 18 supply electric connectors 18a, 18b with a predetermined electric current, which produces a controlled Joule-effect variation in the temperature of wire 16 to shorten the wire.
  • electronic control means not shown
  • electric power means 18 supply electric connectors 18a, 18b with a predetermined electric current, which produces a controlled Joule-effect variation in the temperature of wire 16 to shorten the wire.
  • carriage 12 moves from the third to the second position, and traction pin 13 withdraws axially in direction D to rotate latch 8 from the lock position to the release position ( Figure 6 ).
  • wings 14c and 14d flex outwards into the fully flexed position, in which one of them (wing 14d in Figure 6 ) pushes lever mechanism 35 in direction F into the safety position opening safety switch 29.
  • traction pin 13 is held in the withdrawn position by carriage 12 and is therefore fully detached from slot 5c in catch 5a, which can therefore be withdrawn from latch 8 by exerting thrust on door 5 away from casing 2.
  • door 5 may be fitted with an elastic seal designed to push it away from casing 2, or elastic means may be interposed between casing 2 and door 5 to move door 5 automatically into the open position when locking device 6 is released.
  • the electronic control means (not shown) can cut off current supply to connectors 18a, 18b to gradually cool wire 16. As it cools, wire 16 increases in length and, at the same time, elastic thrust means 14 restore carriage 12 to the first position, thus extracting traction pin 13 and allowing the elastic members to restore latch 8 to the rest position ( Figure 3 ).
  • latch 8 In the release position ( Figure 4 ), latch 8 is secured by traction pin 13 to carriage 12, and rests against partition 17 to prevent any further withdrawal of carriage 12 in direction D. Any increase, over and above the predetermined threshold, in current flow through wire 16 therefore produces a further reduction in the length of wire 16, which moves head 28 in direction E, in opposition to the force exerted by elastic member 27 on oscillating arm 25, so oscillating arm 25 rotates into the open position opening automatic switch 23.
  • locking device 6 may also be used to advantage in technical applications other than electric household appliances as described above.
  • it may be used to lock a drawer or door in a closed position closing a compartment formed in furniture, or in vehicles, such as motor vehicles, aircraft, trains, ships, or similar.
  • the locking device described has the advantage of being electrically and mechanically simpler, and therefore faster and cheaper to produce.
  • the safety switch of the locking device is designed to only supply power, e.g. to the electric motor, when the door is fully closed, thus making the appliance safer.
  • the locking device is also efficient in terms of energy saving, by featuring no electronic, positive-temperature-coefficient components.

Claims (13)

  1. Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät, das Folgendes umfasst:
    ein Gehäuse (2); ein Fach (3), das in dem Gehäuse (2) untergebracht ist und zu einer Öffnung (4) zeigt, die in dem Gehäuse (2) ausgebildet ist; eine Tür (5), die in das Gehäuse (2) eingesetzt ist und zwischen einer offenen Position und einer geschlossenen Position bewegt werden kann und die Öffnung (4) öffnet bzw. verschließt; und
    eine Einrastvorrichtung (6) zum Einrasten der Tür (5) in der geschlossenen Position an dem Gehäuse (2);
    wobei die Einrastvorrichtung (6) Folgendes umfasst: einen kastenförmigen Körper (7), der an dem Gehäuse (2) längs der Tür (5) fixiert ist; Verriegelungsmittel (8, 13), die bei dem kastenförmigen Körper (7) so eingesetzt sind, dass sie sich wenigstens zwischen einer Einrastposition, in der die Tür (5) einrastet, und einer Freigabeposition, die die Tür (5) freigibt, bewegen; und Betätigungsmittel (11) zum wahlweisen Bewegen der Verriegelungsmittel (8, 13) zwischen der Einrastposition und der Freigabeposition;
    wobei die Verriegelungsmittel (8, 13) Folgendes umfassen:
    - einen Riegel (8), der an dem kastenförmigen Körper (7) so angelenkt ist, dass er sich um wenigstens eine erste Achse (B) zwischen der Einrastposition, in der die Tür (5) einrastet, und in der der Riegel (8) mit einem Haken (5a) an der Tür (5) in Eingriff gelangt, um die Tür (5) in der geschlossenen Position zu halten; und der Freigabeposition, die die Tür (5) freigibt und in der der Riegel (8) von dem Haken (5a) an der Tür (5) gelöst ist, damit sich die Tür in die offene Position bewegen kann, dreht; und
    - einen Zugbolzen (13), der entlang einer zweiten Achse (C) senkrecht zu der ersten Achse (B) in einer Rückwärtsrichtung (D) oder einer Vorwärtsrichtung (E) entgegengesetzt zu der Rückwärtsrichtung (D) axial bewegt werden kann, und der mit dem Riegel (8) so verbunden ist, dass eine axiale Bewegung des Zugbolzens (13) in der Rückwärtsrichtung den Riegel (8) in die Freigabeposition dreht;
    und wobei die Betätigungsmittel (11) Folgendes umfassen:
    - einen Träger (12), der so in den kastenförmigen Körper (7) eingesetzt ist, dass er sich entlang der zweiten Achse (C) axial bewegen kann, und der mit dem Zugbolzen (13) verbunden ist;
    - eine Formgedächtnis-Festlagervorrichtung (15), die wenigstens einen elektrisch leitenden Widerstandsdraht (16) umfasst, der aus einer Formgedächtnislegierung hergestellt ist und so ausgelegt ist, dass sich seine Länge zusammen mit einer Änderung der Temperatur ändert; wobei der Widerstandsdraht (16) mit dem Träger (12) so verbunden ist, dass eine Verringerung der Länge des Widerstandsdrahts den Träger (12) und den Zugbolzen (13) axial in der Rückwärtsrichtung (D) bewegt;
    - elastische Schubmittel (14), die mit dem Träger (12) verbunden sind, um ihn in der Vorwärtsrichtung (E) zu bewegen, wenn die Länge des Widerstandsdrahts (16) zunimmt; und
    - Mittel (18) für elektrische Energie, um den Widerstandsdraht (16) mit Strom zu versorgen und eine gesteuerte Joule-Effekt-Temperaturänderung zu erzeugen.
  2. Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät nach Anspruch 1, wobei die elastischen Schubmittel (14) eine U-förmige Feder umfassen, die zwei Enden (14a), die an dem kastenförmigen Körper (7) starr fixiert sind, und ein zentrales Teilstück (14b), das in den Träger (12) fest eingesetzt ist, umfassen, um so einen elastischen Schub auf den Träger in der Vorwärtsrichtung (E) auszuüben.
  3. Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät nach Anspruch 2, wobei die elastischen Schubmittel (14) zwei biegsame Flügel (14c, 14d) umfassen, die so ausgelegt sind, dass sie im Wesentlichen gerade und parallel zu der zweiten Achse (C) bleiben, wenn sich der Träger (12) in einer ersten Position befindet, die einer Ruheposition des Riegels (8) zugeordnet ist; sich in entgegengesetzte Richtungen (F) senkrecht zu der zweiten Achse (C) und parallel zu der ersten Achse (B) schrittweise nach außen in eine vollständig gebogene Position biegen, wenn der Träger (12) in eine zweite Position zurückkehrt, die der Freigabeposition des Riegels (8) zugeordnet ist; und sich in eine teilweise gebogene Position biegen, wenn der Träger (12) von der zweiten zu einer dritten Position zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Position bewegt wird.
  4. Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät nach Anspruch 3, wobei einer (14d) der Flügel, wenigstens ein Widerstandsdraht (16) und der automatische Schalter (23) zwischen einem ersten (18a) und einem zweiten (18b) elektrischen Anschluss der Mittel (18) für elektrische Energie in Reihe geschaltet sind.
  5. Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Betätigungsmittel (11) einen automatischen Schalter (23) umfassen, der elektrisch zwischen den Mitteln (18) für elektrische Energie und dem Widerstandsdraht (16) angeordnet ist und der auf der Basis einen Stromflusses durch den Widerstandsdraht (16) zwischen einer geschlossenen Position und einer offenen Position schaltet; wobei der automatische Schalter (23) mit dem Widerstandsdraht (16) so zusammenwirkt, dass er durch eine Verringerung der Länge des Widerstandsdrahts (16) über und oberhalb eines Schwellenwerts einer minimalen Länge, der einem vorgegebenen Schwellenwert des maximalen Stroms zugeordnet ist, in die offene Position geschaltet wird.
  6. Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät nach Anspruch 5, wobei der automatische Schalter (23) einen festen elektrischen Kontakt (24); einen Arm (25), der einen beweglichen elektrischen Kontakt (26) aufweist und mit dem kastenförmigen Körper (7) so verbunden ist, dass er zwischen einer geschlossenen Position, die den beweglichen Kontakt (26) mit dem festen Kontakt (24) verbindet, und einer offenen Position, die den beweglichen Kontakt (26) trennt, schwingt; einen Kopf (28), der ein Ende des wenigstens einen Widerstandsdrahts (16) mit dem Arm (25) verbindet, und der entlang der zweiten Achse (C) bewegt werden kann; und elastische Mittel (27), die mit dem Arm (25) so zusammenwirken, dass der Arm (25) durch den Kopf (28), der durch den Widerstandsdraht (16) aktiviert wird, in die offene Position bewegt werden kann, wenn der Stromfluss in dem Widerstandsdraht (16) den vorgegebenen Schwellenwert des maximalen Stroms überschreitet, umfasst.
  7. Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Einrastvorrichtung (6) zusätzlich einen Sicherheitsschalter (29) zum Öffnen bzw. Schließen einer Leistungsschaltung umfasst, die elektrische bzw. elektronische Mittel des Haushaltsgeräts (1) mit Leistung versorgt, und der mit den Betätigungsmitteln (11) und/oder den Verriegelungsmitteln (8) so zusammenwirkt, dass er durch vorgegebene Bewegungen der Verriegelungsmittel (8) und/oder der Betätigungsmittel (11) in dem kastenförmigen Körper (7) so geschaltet wird, dass er offen oder geschlossen ist.
  8. Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät nach Anspruch 7, wobei der Sicherheitsschalter (29) einen festen elektrischen Kontakt (30); einen beweglichen elektrischen Kontakt (31), der zwischen einer geschlossenen Position, die mit dem festen Kontakt (30) verbunden ist, und einer offenen Position, die von dem festen Kontakt (30) getrennt ist, bewegt werden kann; einen Sicherheitsstift (34), der mit dem Riegel (8) mechanisch verbunden ist und entlang einer dritten Achse (H) parallel zu der zweiten Achse (C) axial bewegt werden kann; und einen Hebelmechanismus (35), der zwischen dem Sicherheitsstift (34) und dem beweglichen elektrischen Kontakt (31) angeordnet ist und so ausgelegt ist, dass er den beweglichen elektrischen Kontakt (31) zwischen der geschlossenen Position, die mit dem festen Kontakt (30) verbunden ist, und der offenen Position, die von dem festen Kontakt (30) getrennt ist, bewegt, wenn der Sicherheitsstift (34) durch eine Bewegung des Riegels (8) in die Ruheposition oder die Freigabeposition axial bewegt wird, umfasst.
  9. Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät nach Anspruch 8, wobei der Hebelmechanismus (35) ein erstes Ende (35a), das auf dem beweglichen elektrischen Kontakt (31) ruht; ein zweites Ende, das an dem Sicherheitsstift (34) fest fixiert ist; und einen gebogenen zentralen Abschnitt, der auf einem Halteabschnitt (36) gleitfähig ruht, der an dem kastenförmigen Körper (7) fest fixiert ist und so geformt ist, dass er eine schräge Oberfläche in Bezug auf die Längsachse (A) bildet, und auf dem der zentrale Abschnitt des Hebelmechanismus (35) gleitet, wenn sich der Sicherheitsstift (34) axial bewegt, umfasst.
  10. Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät nach Anspruch 9, wobei der Hebelmechanismus (35) auf dem Halteabschnitt (36) zwischen einer minimalen zurückgezogenen Position, in der das erste Ende (35a) den beweglichen elektrischen Kontakt (31) in einem maximalen Abstand von dem festen elektrischen Kontakt (30) hält, und einer maximalen zurückgezogenen Position, in der der gebogene zentrale Abschnitt des Hebelmechanismus (35) dicht an einem Flügel (14d) positioniert ist, gleitet, und wobei das erste Ende (35a) des Hebelmechanismus (35) den beweglichen elektrischen Kontakt (31) hält, der auf dem festen elektrischen Kontakt (30) ruht.
  11. Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät nach Anspruch 9, wobei der Hebelmechanismus (35), indem sich ein Flügel (14d) in die vollständig gebogene Position in dem kastenförmigen Körper (7) biegt, von der maximalen zurückgezogenen Position, die dem Schließen des automatischen Schalters (23) zugeordnet ist, in eine Sicherheitsposition, in der das erste Ende (35a) des Hebelmechanismus (35) den beweglichen elektrischen Kontakt (31) von dem festen elektrischen Kontakt (30) löst, bewegt wird, um den automatischen Schalter (23) zu öffnen.
  12. Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät nach Anspruch 11, wobei der Sicherheitsstift (34) an seinem hinteren Ende mit dem Hebelmechanismus (35) verbunden ist und an dem entgegengesetzten Ende einen Kopf (34a) aufweist, der in eine Einrastrille (8a) vorsteht, die in dem Riegel (8) ausgebildet ist und so entworfen ist, dass sie einen vorstehenden Abschnitt des Hakens (5a) an der Tür (5) aufnimmt; wobei der Sicherheitsstift (34) durch den vorstehenden Abschnitt des Hakens (5a) an der Tür (5) axial geschoben wird, wenn der vorstehende Abschnitt des Hakens mit der Einrastrille (8a) in Eingriff gelangt.
  13. Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Einrastvorrichtung (6) zusätzlich einen mechanischen manuellen Freigabemechanismus (40) umfasst, der wiederum einen Hebel (41), der mit dem Riegel (8) fest verbunden ist und der um die erste Achse (B) gedreht wird, um den Riegel (8) zwischen der Einrastposition und der Freigabeposition zu drehen; und ein vom Benutzer zu betätigendes manuelles Freigabeelement (43), durch das der Hebel (41) gedreht wird, um den Riegel (8) aus der Einrastposition in die Freigabeposition zu drehen, umfasst.
EP11164054.6A 2011-04-28 2011-04-28 Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät mit einer Türverriegelungsvorrichtung Active EP2518243B1 (de)

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EP11164054.6A EP2518243B1 (de) 2011-04-28 2011-04-28 Elektrisches Haushaltsgerät mit einer Türverriegelungsvorrichtung
RU2013152773/12A RU2013152773A (ru) 2011-04-28 2012-04-27 Запорное устройство для дверцы электробытового устройства
PCT/EP2012/057724 WO2012146697A1 (en) 2011-04-28 2012-04-27 Electric household appliance door locking device
AU2012247522A AU2012247522A1 (en) 2011-04-28 2012-04-27 Electric household appliance door locking device
CN201280020814.0A CN103562478B (zh) 2011-04-28 2012-04-27 家用电器具的门锁装置
US14/294,607 US20150015001A1 (en) 2011-04-28 2014-06-03 Electric Household Appliance Door Locking Device

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CN104033069B (zh) * 2014-05-29 2017-01-25 建盈(广州番禺)塑料五金实业有限公司 带有镍钛合金丝锁闭机构的保险箱
CN104110173B (zh) * 2014-06-23 2016-10-05 林杨 一种可扩展功能的高可靠性无源电子锁具
SG11201707066YA (en) * 2015-04-16 2017-09-28 Panasonic Ip Man Co Ltd Washing machine
CN107386812A (zh) * 2017-07-06 2017-11-24 上海动联信息技术股份有限公司 一种无线控制锁具的控制方法
PL3714093T3 (pl) * 2017-11-23 2022-02-14 Elettrotecnica Rold S.R.L. Urządzenie do zamykania i otwierania paneli, w szczególności paneli elektrycznych urządzeń gospodarstwa domowego takich, jak pralki i tym podobne
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CN111576005B (zh) * 2019-02-15 2022-07-19 青岛海尔洗衣机有限公司 一种壁挂式洗衣机
CN110106668B (zh) * 2019-06-11 2021-06-15 温州天健电器有限公司 电动门锁通断电控制装置、门锁、洗衣机
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