EP2515185B1 - Motor mit konstantem Drehmoment - Google Patents

Motor mit konstantem Drehmoment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2515185B1
EP2515185B1 EP11163476.2A EP11163476A EP2515185B1 EP 2515185 B1 EP2515185 B1 EP 2515185B1 EP 11163476 A EP11163476 A EP 11163476A EP 2515185 B1 EP2515185 B1 EP 2515185B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
motor according
wheel
wheels
frame
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11163476.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2515185A1 (de
Inventor
Quentin Gubler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manufacture et Fabrique de Montres et Chronometres Ulysse Nardin Le Locle SA
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Manufacture et Fabrique de Montres et Chronometres Ulysse Nardin Le Locle SA
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Priority to EP11163476.2A priority Critical patent/EP2515185B1/de
Publication of EP2515185A1 publication Critical patent/EP2515185A1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/10—Driving mechanisms with mainspring
    • G04B1/105—Driving mechanisms with mainspring having a form other than a helix

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a constant moment moment motor according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • This constant force moment motor can be armed to accumulate energy and disarmed to restore it thereafter.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece, in particular a wristwatch, a pocket watch or a clock, containing the constant force moment motor which can replace a motor member, in particular a cylinder, connected to a regulating member for example an oscillator (such as a sprung balance) or a ringer regulator.
  • a timepiece in particular a wristwatch, a pocket watch or a clock
  • the constant force moment motor which can replace a motor member, in particular a cylinder, connected to a regulating member for example an oscillator (such as a sprung balance) or a ringer regulator.
  • the traditional motor organ of a mechanical watch is a spring contained in a barrel.
  • a traditional barrel is composed of a wheel formed of a toothed circular disk and a cylindrical box closed by a cover. He turns freely on a tree.
  • the watch's mainspring is located in this cylindrical box and is attached to the cylinder wall by its outer turn, and to the shaft by its inner coil.
  • the document WO 2008/114071 proposes a motor unit for a timepiece that is able to transmit energy to the gear train with a substantially constant torque.
  • this solution uses a helical spring which can work in compression or traction along its longitudinal axis and which drives a means of transmitting energy.
  • the drive mechanism of a constant torque timepiece is made with an auxiliary spring interposed between a wheel connected to the regulating member and a rotary support controlled by the motor.
  • this solution is quite complex and cumbersome.
  • the present invention is therefore a driving member, for a timepiece, which is capable of accumulating and restoring the accumulated energy with a moment of substantially constant force between a fully armed state (maximum accumulation) and a totally disarmed state (minimum accumulation) and having a simple structure.
  • a constant moment force motor for a timepiece comprising at least one energy storage element able to accumulate and restore energy that can be used for driving a mechanical mechanism between an armed state and a disarmed state, and at least one capable controller element controlling the accumulator element by relative movement movement between the controller element and the accumulator element, so that the moment of force created by the accumulator element remains essentially constant between the armed state and the disarmed state.
  • the accumulator element is a blade and the controller element is arranged to move along the accumulator element.
  • the advantage of this invention resides in particular in the fact that the structure of the constant moment moment motor makes it possible to obtain a source of energy which is capable of restoring the accumulated energy with a moment of force that is substantially constant, independently of the state of arming of the accumulator element.
  • the engine according to the invention can in particular be incorporated in a wristwatch, a pocket watch or a clock.
  • the controller element can release the energy accumulated in the blade between the armed state and the disarmed state by gradually releasing the blade so that it tends to return to its original shape.
  • the controller element is a device with at least one rotating part, this device being arranged to release the energy accumulated in the blade by means of a rotary movement of at least one rotating part of the device along the blade.
  • the device comprises a frame which is arranged so that the at least one rotatable piece rotates about an axis passing through the frame.
  • the distance between the blade and the axis of rotation of the rotating part can remain substantially constant during the displacement of the rotating part along the blade.
  • An alternative embodiment of the present invention provides that the frame follows the movement of the frame of a planetary gear.
  • a planetary gear must be provided in which at least one motor according to the present invention is suitably integrated into one of the gear levels.
  • follow in this context does not necessarily mean that the engine frame rotates at the same speed as the chassis of the gear.
  • the device may be composed of two wheels and the frame joining the axes of these two wheels, the blade being located between the two wheels and can be pressed against the wheel.
  • This variant embodiment of the present invention is particularly represented in the figure 2 and discussed in detail below. Obviously, it is not necessary that the blade plate against the wheel on which it is embedded - it is also conceivable to achieve the invention in the same way, while keeping a certain gap between the blade and the wheel.
  • At least one side face of the blade can be toothed and engaged with a corresponding toothing on one of the two wheels or the two wheels respectively.
  • optimal operation of the motor can be guaranteed.
  • the device may be composed of two mobiles each comprising an internal wheel, these internal wheels being arranged to be able to transmit a rotational movement between them, and an outer wheel, at least one of these wheels. external being in contact with the blade, the diameters of the inner wheels of the two mobiles and / or the diameters of the outer wheels of the two mobiles respectively not being identical to each other.
  • This variant embodiment of the present invention is particularly represented in the figure 3 and discussed in detail below.
  • the inner wheels can be toothed and engaged with each other. Also, at least one side face of the blade can be toothed and engaged with a corresponding toothing of the at least one of the outer wheels to reduce the risk of sliding between the parts.
  • the device can be arranged to rotate about an axis which is also the axis of rotation of a gear crown.
  • planetary a gear that is also the axis of rotation of a gear crown.
  • the engine may include a stop element in particular to prevent the blade, during its arming, from the fully armed state to the fully disarmed state. This allows a safer operation of the engine.
  • the blade is made of silicon, silicon-coated silicon, diamond-coated silicon or diamond. Of course, other suitable materials are also possible.
  • two beams each of which is embedded at one end and free to the other, illustrate the operating principle of the constant moment moment motor according to the invention.
  • These two beams are bending biased in three different states represented by the different types of lines, concretely a first state 102 "in which the beam is armed, a second state 102 'intermediate, and a third state 102 in which the beam is disarmed.
  • the beam in the sub Figure 1A schematically represents the disarming process of a traditional drive member (for example, a mainspring).
  • a traditional drive member for example, a mainspring
  • the fulcrum 103 ", 103 ', 103 which is also represented in the three different states, moves in a direction perpendicular to the length of the beam 102", 102', 102.
  • the fulcrum 103 ", 103 ', 103 does not move along the beam 102", 102', 102.
  • the stress in a given fiber of the beam 102 ", 102 ', 102 (assuming that the fibers are parallel to the length of the beam 102", 102', 102 and that they have a negligible diameter ) is constant at each point of this fiber.
  • the stress in a given fiber of the beam 102 ", 102 ', 102 is independent of the length of the fiber, but depends on the arming angle which corresponds to the angle between the vertical line corresponding to the embedding plane and the line perpendicular to a fiber and passing through the point of support 103 ", 103 ', 103.
  • the moment of force of a recessed beam 102 ", 102 ', 102 biased in bending depends only on the height of the beam 102", 102', 102, the thickness of the beam 102 ", 102 ', 102 and the stress in the beam 102', 102 ', 102. It is therefore independent of the length of the beam 102 ", 102 ', 102.
  • the moment of force in state 102' is thus less than the moment of force in state 102".
  • the moment of force therefore depends on the arming angle of the beam 102 ", 102 ', 102 and is not constant.
  • the beam 102 ", 102 ', 102 in the sub-beam Figure 1B schematically corresponds to the process of disarming the constant force moment motor according to the invention. Unlike the case represented in the sub- Figure 1A the fulcrum 104 ", 104 ', 104 does not move in a direction perpendicular to the length of the beam 102", 102', 102, but moves along the beam 102 ", 102 ', 102 .
  • the stress in a given fiber of the beam 102 ", 102 ', 102 is not constant at each point of this fiber since it is constant for the beam portion 102" 102, 102 and 102 for the beam portion 102, 102, 102.
  • the force in the beam portion 102, 102, 102, and the stress in the beam portion 102, respectively. , 102 ', 102 disarmed are independent of the arming angle.
  • the moment of force in state 102 ' is equal to the moment of force in state 102.
  • the moment of force therefore does not depend on the arming angle of beam 102 ", 102', 102 and is constant.
  • the sub- Figures 1A and 1B are a schematic representation of the operating principle and they are in no way limiting.
  • the fulcrum 104 ", 104 ', 104 in the sub- Figure 1B may, for example, be on the other side of the beam 102 ", 102 ', 102 or both sides of the beam 102", 102', 102.
  • the beam, in a given state may be of any geometry: for example, its fibers may be straight, arcuate or of any geometry, being able to form several turns, and its thickness and height may vary depending on the position of the considered section along a given fiber.
  • the beam may also be of any material coated partially or totally with at least any other material: for example, silicon coated or uncoated with silicon dioxide or diamond, diamond or nickel.
  • the beam is not necessarily embedded at one end and free to the other; it can be recessed at one end and supported on the other or recessed at both ends.
  • the beam and its or recesses can be made in one piece.
  • the beam may also comprise no toothing or at least one toothing on at least one face.
  • the sub figure 1C represents a possible practical embodiment of the invention with a support in a device E.
  • this support is a wheel 18 rotatable about a Y axis passing through a frame 24.
  • the frame 24 can rotate around an axis W which is fixed relative to the recess 40.
  • the displacement of the frame 24 rolls the wheel 18 along the beam or blade 14 which flexes more or less.
  • the sub figure 1D represents a possible practical embodiment of the invention with two supports grouped in a device E.
  • This second possible practical embodiment is based on the supports which are constituted by the first wheels which can rotate about an axis passing through a frame and which carry the second wheels that can train each other. Moving the chassis then rolls the first wheels along the beam or blade that flexes more or less.
  • the blade (the beam) 14 is fixed on a support 40 which can be the platen of the watch movement.
  • the blade 14 can wear teeth 47 and 49 on its lateral faces.
  • a mobile 42 has a wheel 44 which is engaged with the toothing 47 of the blade 14.
  • a mobile 48 has a wheel 52 which is engaged with the toothing 49 of the blade 14.
  • the diameters of the wheels 44 and 52 are equal.
  • the wheel 46 of the mobile 42 meshes with the wheel 50 of the mobile 48.
  • the diameter of the wheel 46 is smaller than the diameter of the wheel 50.
  • the axes of the two mobiles 42 and 48 are joined by the frame 24.
  • the support (as already mentioned, there may also be several supports) is not required to rotate about an axis passing through a frame 24: it may, for example, be fixed relative to the frame 24 or do not go through a chassis. Thus, the support does not necessarily roll along the beam 14.
  • the support is also not necessarily a wheel: it can be a piece of any geometry, for example a cam, with or without teeth .
  • this support like the other parts, can be made of any material coated or not partially or totally at least one other material.
  • At least one beam 14 can be integrated in a planetary gear.
  • the frame 24 of this beam 14 (we recall that the invention is not limited to a single beam 14 and several beams 14 may be provided) can then follow the movement of the frame of said planetary gear.
  • This planetary gear can, for example, be a simple planetary gear or another type of planetary gear. Planetary gears are described in chapter 3.9 of volume 1 "Mechanics - Theory", the "Theory of the construction of watchmaking for engineers" published by the "Laboratory Clockmaker of the High School Arc Engineering”.
  • the beam 14 may, for example, be recessed on a fixed reference (for example the stage of a movement) or on any part of the planetary gear (for example, the satellite).
  • one or more mobiles can be placed between certain parts of the planetary gear to, for example, change the speed of rotation of certain parts.
  • the beam in the sub- Figures 1A to 1D represents the energy storage element of the motor, while the support represents the controller element able to control the accumulator element.
  • FIG. figure 2 A practical embodiment of the implementation of the constant moment moment motor according to the present invention is schematically represented in FIG. figure 2 .
  • the energy accumulator element is a blade 14 made of an elastic material.
  • Traditional materials such as stainless steel, chromium and nickel alloys or spring brass, can be used for the manufacture of the blade 14.
  • other suitable materials are also possible, in particular silicon, silicon-coated silicon, diamond-coated silicon or diamond.
  • silicon, silicon-coated silicon, diamond-coated silicon or diamond it is clear that other suitable materials can also be used.
  • the controller element meanwhile, consists of a wheel 12, a wheel 18 and a frame 24.
  • the Z axis of the wheel 12 and the Y axis of the wheel 18 are 24.
  • the wheel 18 is fixed in position and in rotation and serves as a fulcrum for bending the blade 14.
  • the blade 14 will turn the wheel 12 on itself according to the arrow 22 and around the wheel 18 by providing a moment of constant force.
  • the blade 14 and the wheel 12 are not necessarily made as two separate pieces. An embodiment of the present invention in which these two elements are made as a single piece is of course also possible.
  • the value of the distance between the wheel 12 and the wheel 18 may be greater than the value of the sum of the radius of the wheel 12, the radius of the wheel 18 and the thickness of the blade.
  • the wheel 12 is optional (as illustrated in figure 1C ).
  • the device E (therefore the controller element) is thus composed of the wheel 12, the wheel 18 and the frame 24.
  • the wheel 18 comprises the wheel 30 which drives the wheel 31 that the wheel 12 comprises.
  • a rotary movement of the wheel wheel 12 is transmitted to a ring 26 which has an inner periphery 32.
  • the outer periphery 34 of the ring 26 is engaged with that of a pinion 28 connected directly or indirectly to the regulator.
  • pinion 28 may be part of any other mechanism that is driven by the constant moment force motor according to the invention.
  • the wheel 18 is linked, for example by means of a disengaging system, to the winding mechanism of the watch. These elements are not represented and their design is obvious to anyone skilled in the field of watchmaking.
  • the wheels 30 and 31, the ring 26 and the pinion 28 may for example have teeth to the contact faces. It may in certain cases be advantageous to provide teeth even on the wheel or wheels 12 and / or 18 and on the face or faces of the blade 14 in contact with the wheel or wheels.
  • the wheel 12 may be provided with a locking pin 36 which abuts against the frame 24 at the end of disarming to signal the disarmed state of the engine and at the end of the arming to prevent the engine from the fully armed state in totally disarmed state.
  • Other stop systems known to those skilled in the art, can be used.
  • the centerpiece of the constant force moment motor according to the invention is the blade 14 (the energy storage element) which is brought from a relaxed state, where it is of straight geometry, arcuate or arbitrary, to a state stretched, can be wrapped around a piece of any geometry. This action increases the energy stored in the blade 14.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic representation of another practical embodiment of the implementation of the invention. As previously described, the engine can be armed when the device E is moved along the toothed blade 14. figure 3 illustrates a possibility of achieving this displacement.
  • the device E is recognized, as schematically illustrated in the subclass. figure 1D above, comprising the mobiles 42 and 48, the blade 14 fixed, for example, to the plate of a watch 40, the frame 24, etc.
  • This device E further comprises a toothed wheel 60 called “satellite", freely rotating about an axis 64 fixed on the frame 24.
  • the toothing of this wheel 60 is engaged with the internal toothing of the ring 26 and the external toothing another wheel 62 called “sun gear” which rotates about an axis 66 located on the linear extension of the frame 24, beyond the mobile 48.
  • the ring 26 is connected to the winding mechanism, for example by means of a disengaging system, and the sun gear 62 is connected directly or indirectly to the regulating member of the watch. The opposite is also possible.
  • the sun gear 62 is fixed and the ring gear 26 rotates clockwise.
  • the satellite 60 then rolls outside the sun gear 62 by moving the frame 24 and the entire device E clockwise.
  • the ring 26 is fixed and the frame rotates counterclockwise by rolling the satellite 60 inside the ring 26.
  • the sun gear 62 then rotates counterclockwise and transmits its rotation to the movement of the shows.
  • the device E moves along the arrow D, and the portion of the blade 14 which has transmitted its energy to the wheel 62, is designated with a T.
  • This part T has in this case a lower curvature that the portion of the blade 14 between the contact lines with the device E and its embedment plane on the frame 40.
  • the blade 14 and the upper gears do not absolutely need toothing if these wheels pinch the blade 14 with sufficient force, for example by means of an elastic spacing between these wheels and / or an anti-slip lining on their contact faces.
  • the blade 14 may be made of a sufficiently elastic material so that the blade can always return to its original shape.
  • it may be stainless steel, chromium and nickel alloys, spring brass, silicon, silicon dioxide coated silicon, diamond coated silicon or diamond.
  • the mechanism may comprise several satellites. It may also include several blades, toothed or not, several pairs of mobiles whose wheels may also exist without teeth, and several frames.
  • the upper wheels may have different diameters.
  • the lower gear wheels can then have identical diameters.
  • the constant force moment motor according to the invention unlike the springs of the state of the art traditionally used in mechanical watches, can restore all of the energy it has received before, with a moment of invariable force. .
  • the energy available in the motor according to the invention is derived from a linear function for the portion of the blade 14 between its embedding plane and the position of the device E (see, for example, FIG. figure 3 ).
  • the section of the blade 14 which has already been left by the device E (reference sign T at the figure 3 ) has no influence on the remaining energy available.
  • this linear function is the basis of generating a moment of constant force.
  • the engine according to the present invention is intended to equip watch parts.
  • this engine is intended for mechanical pocket watches, wristwatches, clocks and other mechanical parts whose movement can be driven with a torque as constant as possible.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Motor mit konstantem Kraftmoment für eine Uhr, umfassend
    mindestens ein Energiespeicherelement (102, 102', 102", 14), welches die Energie speichern und zurückgeben kann, die zum Antrieb eines mechanischen Mechanismus zwischen einem belasteten Zustand (102") und einem entlasteten Zustand (102) genutzt werden kann und
    mindestens ein Steuerelement (104, 104', 104", 18, 44, 52), welches das Speicherelement (102, 102', 102") durch eine Relativversatzbewegung zwischen dem Steuerelement (104, 104', 104") und dem Speicherelement (102, 102', 102") steuern kann, so dass das durch das Speicherelement (102, 102', 102") erzeugte Kraftmoment im Wesentlichen konstant zwischen dem belasteten Zustand (102") und dem entlasteten Zustand (102) bleibt,
    wobei das Steuerelement (104, 104', 104", 18, 44, 52) ausgebildet ist, um selbst mit dem Speicherelement (102, 102', 102") versetzt zu werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Speicherelement eine Klinge (14) ist.
  2. Motor nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Steuerelement (104, 104', 104", 18, 44, 52) die in der Klinge (14) gespeicherte Energie zwischen dem belasteten Zustand (102") und dem entlasteten Zustand (102) durch schrittweises Freigeben der Klinge (14) freisetzt, so dass sie in ihre ursprüngliche Form übergeht
  3. Motor nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Steuerelement eine Vorrichtung mindestens eines Drehteils (E) ist, wobei die Vorrichtung (E) ausgebildet ist, um die in der Klinge (14) gespeicherte Energie durch eine Drehbewegung des mindestens einen Drehteils der Vorrichtung (E) mit der Klinge (14) freizusetzen.
  4. Motor nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (E) einen Rahmen (24) umfasst, welcher ausgebildet ist, um das mindestens eine Drehteil um eine Achse zu drehen, welche durch den Rahmen (24) verläuft.
  5. Motor nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rahmen (24) der Bewegung des Rahmens eines Planetengetriebes folgt.
  6. Motor nach einem der Ansprüche 4 und 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (E) sich aus zwei Rädern (12, 18) und einem Rahmen (24) zusammensetzt, welcher die Wellen der zwei Räder (12, 18) verbindet, wobei die Klinge (14) zwischen den zwei Rädern (12, 18) angeordnet und gegen das Rad (12) pressbar ist.
  7. Motor nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine Seitenfläche der Klinge (14) gezahnt ist und entweder mit einer korrespondierenden Verzahnung an dem Rad (12) und/oder mit dem Rad (18) in Eingriff steht.
  8. Motor nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    die Vorrichtung (E) zwei Drehteile (42, 48) enthält, die jeweils ein Innenrad (46, 50) umfassen, wobei die Innenräder (46, 50) ausgebildet sind, um eine Drehbewegung untereinander zu übertragen, und ein Aussenrad (44, 52), wobei mindestens eines der Aussenräder (44, 52) in Kontakt mit der Klinge (14) ist,
    und dass jeweils die Durchmesser der Innenräder (46, 50) der zwei Drehteile (42, 28) und/oder die Durchmesser der Aussenräder (44, 52) der zwei Drehteile (42, 28) nicht gleich zueinander sind.
  9. Motor nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Innenräder (46, 50) gezahnt sind und miteinander in Eingriff stehen und/oder dass mindestens eine Seitenfläche der Klinge (14) gezahnt ist und mit einer korrespondierenden Verzahnung an mindestens einem der Aussenräder (44, 52) in Eingriff steht
  10. Motor nach Anspruch 5, oder nach Anspruch 5 und einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (E) ausgebildet ist, um um eine Achse (Y, 66) zu drehen, welche gleichzeitig die Drehachse eines Hohlrads (26) des Planetengetriebes ist.
  11. Motor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er ein Stoppelement (36) umfasst, vorgesehen, um die Klinge (14) während ihres Aufwickelns zu hindern, von dem total belasteten Zustand in den total entlasteten Zustand überzugehen.
  12. Motor nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Klinge (14) aus Silizium, aus mit Siliziumoxid beschichtetes Silizium, aus Diamant beschichtetes Silizium oder aus Diamant gefertigt ist.
EP11163476.2A 2011-04-21 2011-04-21 Motor mit konstantem Drehmoment Active EP2515185B1 (de)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11163476.2A EP2515185B1 (de) 2011-04-21 2011-04-21 Motor mit konstantem Drehmoment

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EP2515185A1 EP2515185A1 (de) 2012-10-24
EP2515185B1 true EP2515185B1 (de) 2019-06-12

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH708654A2 (fr) * 2013-10-01 2015-04-15 Rado Montres Sa Procédé de fabrication d'un élément céramique incrusté d'une pièce d'horlogerie et pièces d'horlogerie incluant de tels éléments.
EP3112949B1 (de) * 2015-07-01 2018-04-25 Cartier International AG Mechanische energiequelle für uhrwerk

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR871186A (fr) * 1940-04-01 1942-04-11 Mécanîsme moteur à ressort auxiliaire
EP2137578B1 (de) * 2007-03-22 2011-05-11 Philip Lutolf Antriebsglied mit helixförmiger feder

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