EP2513989A1 - Générateur pour convertir de l'énergie mécanique en énergie électrique - Google Patents

Générateur pour convertir de l'énergie mécanique en énergie électrique

Info

Publication number
EP2513989A1
EP2513989A1 EP10778857A EP10778857A EP2513989A1 EP 2513989 A1 EP2513989 A1 EP 2513989A1 EP 10778857 A EP10778857 A EP 10778857A EP 10778857 A EP10778857 A EP 10778857A EP 2513989 A1 EP2513989 A1 EP 2513989A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
combs
interdigital
arrangement
interdigital electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10778857A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Benjamin Hagemann
Ulrich Fass
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2513989A1 publication Critical patent/EP2513989A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/181—Circuits; Control arrangements or methods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a generator for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy with an electroactive polymer. Such are used, for example, in wave energy generators.
  • a wave energy generator for example, comprises a multilayer electroactive polymer film having an electrode and a counter electrode of a mechanically flexible capacitor.
  • US 2007/0257490 A1 discloses a system and a method for using an electroactive polymer in order to convert mechanical energy originally contained in one or more waves into electrical energy.
  • the generator has a marine device, which converts the mechanical energy of a wave into mechanical energy, which is suitable as input for the electroactive polymer transformer.
  • the electroactive polymer accommodates capacitors whose capacitances change as the polymer expands and compresses.
  • the generator cycle proceeds as follows: In the beginning, the polymer is relaxed and there is no charge in the capacitors. Subsequently, the polymer is stretched so that the capacitor has a high capacity. Subsequently, charges are applied to the capacitor and the polymer is relaxed again.
  • the object of the invention is thus to provide a generator which provides a higher efficiency. It is also an object of the invention to provide a method for operating such a generator.
  • the invention relates to a generator for generating electrical energy.
  • This generator has a first interdigital electrode arrangement with two intermeshed electrode combs and a second interdigital electrode arrangement with two intermeshed electrode combs.
  • One of the electrode combs of the first interdigital electrode arrangement is called a first electrode comb
  • another of the electrode combs of the first interdigital electrode arrangement is called a second electrode comb.
  • Electroactive polymer is provided between the electrode combs of the first interdigital electrode arrangement, between the electrode combs of the second interdigital electrode arrangement and between the first interdigital electrode arrangement and the second interdigital electrode arrangement.
  • a first control circuit is provided for selectively switching the electrode combs of the first interdigital electrode arrangement to different potentials or to the same potential.
  • the first control circuit is provided for selectively switching the first electrode comb and the second electrode comb to different potentials or to the same potential.
  • a second control circuit is provided for selectively switching the electrode combs of the second interdigital electrode arrangement to different potentials or to the same potential.
  • the second control circuit thus selectively switches a first electrode comb of the second interdigital electrode arrangement and a second electrode comb of the second interdigital electrode arrangement to different potentials or to the same potential.
  • the single electroactive polymer generator preferably comprises a dielectric elastomer and electrodes of a flexible electrically conductive material which follows the strains and compressions of the elastomer. The removal of generated charges from the elastomer via correspondingly flexible electrodes, which can follow the deformations, strains and compressions of the electroactive polymer generator is reliably ensured.
  • each of the electrode combs of an interdigital electrode arrangement has longitudinal extensions, wherein each of the longitudinal extensions is in each case adjacent to a longitudinal extension of the respectively other electrode comb of the same interdigital electrode arrangement.
  • Each of the electrode combs additionally has a collecting electrode which connects the longitudinal extensions of this electrode comb.
  • At least one of the control circuits is set up to apply a potential to the collecting electrode. With this arrangement, it is possible that the control circuit is connected at a single point to the electrode comb and can be charged via this the entire electrode comb.
  • the longitudinal extents of the electrode combs are completely surrounded by the polymer. This ensures that the electrode combs can form capacitors in all spatial directions.
  • the first interdigital electrode arrangement and the second interdigital electrode arrangement are identically shaped so that a symmetrical capacitance distribution results in the generator.
  • the generator is particularly suitable as a wave energy generator.
  • a shaft provides mechanical energy not only in one spatial direction but also in all spatial directions of a plane.
  • the fluid below the fluid surface moves in a circular path.
  • mechanical work is performed not only in one direction, but in all directions.
  • the generator has a multiplicity of interdigital electrode arrangements, which are arranged side by side in the form of a cuboid. Such allows a very compact arrangement of electrode arrangements, so that the space in the polymer is well utilized.
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating a generator according to the invention.
  • electrode combs which are adjacent with respect to a first spatial direction, are charged to different potentials.
  • the polymer is pulled apart in the first spatial direction such that the distance between the adjacent electrode combs increases.
  • the electrode combs are discharged and subsequently charged such that those electrode combs which are adjacent in a second spatial direction are charged to different potentials.
  • the polymer is pulled apart in the second spatial direction such that the distance between the adjacent electrode combs increases.
  • energy is converted when pulling in the two spatial directions in an advantageous manner.
  • the first spatial direction and the second spatial direction are perpendicular to each other.
  • the potential differences in the steps differ: charging of electrode combs that are adjacent in a first spatial direction and charging of electrode combs that are adjacent in a second spatial direction.
  • consideration can be given to different distances of the electrode combs within interelectrode arrangements and between interelectrode arrangements.
  • the polymer has a different elasticity in one spatial direction than in the other spatial direction.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first interdigital electrode arrangement with interdigitated electrode combs in a plan view
  • FIG. 2 shows several juxtaposed interdigital electrode arrangements
  • FIG. 3 shows the wiring of several interdigital electrode arrangements in a first
  • FIG. 4 shows the wiring of the plurality of interdigital electrode arrangements shown in FIG. 3 in a second operating mode
  • FIG. 5 shows two Interdigitaielektrodenan leten with switches for applying the
  • Electrode combs of the interdigital electrodes are Electrode combs of the interdigital electrodes.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of a plurality of juxtaposed interdigital electrode arrangements
  • FIG. 1 shows a first interdigital electrode arrangement 10.
  • the first interdigital electrode arrangement 10 has a first electrode comb 11 and a second electrode comb 12.
  • the first electrode comb 11 consists of a collecting electrode 6 and a plurality of longitudinal extensions, which branch off perpendicularly from the collecting electrode 6 and of which the uppermost three are identified by the reference numerals 2, 4 and 8.
  • the second electric Rodenkamm 12 includes a collecting electrode 7 and a plurality of longitudinal extents. The uppermost longitudinal extensions are designated by the reference numerals 3 and 5.
  • the electrode combs 1 1 and 12 are interlaced so that the longitudinal extensions of the electrode comb 11 are opposite to longitudinal extensions of the electrode comb 12.
  • the longitudinal extensions are each drawn horizontally.
  • the longitudinal extent 3 is located upwards of the longitudinal extent 2 and downwards of the longitudinal extent 4 opposite.
  • the longitudinal extent 4 is located towards the top of the longitudinal extension 3 and towards the bottom of the longitudinal extent 5 opposite.
  • the electrode combs 11 and 12 are housed in an electroactive polymer 1.
  • This polymer 1 encloses all longitudinal extensions as well as the majority of the collecting electrodes 6 and 7, which can only protrude from the polymer 1 at one end, and at the bottom, and can be electrically contacted there.
  • FIG. 2 shows an exploded view of three interdigital electrode arrangements arranged side by side in an oblique view.
  • the three interdigital electrode arrangements 10, 20 and 30 are arranged next to each other so that in each case the electrode combs of an interdigital electrode arrangement are arranged in one plane. These planes of different interdigital electrode arrangements are parallel to each other.
  • the interdigital electrode arrangements 10, 20 and 30 are each constructed identically.
  • the interdigital electrode arrangements 10, 20 and 30 have, as also shown in FIG. 1, the polymer.
  • the polymer also extends between the interdigital electrode arrangements, not shown in FIG. 2, so that the interspace between these interdigital electrode arrangements is completely filled up by the polymer.
  • An electrode comb 11 of the interdigital electrode arrangement 10 is surrounded by the polymer such that between it and the electrode comb 12 of the interdigital electrode arrangement 10 and between the electrode comb 11 of the interdigital electrode arrangement 10 and the electrode combs 11 and 12 of the interdigital electrode arrangement 20, respectively the polymer 1 is provided.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through an arrangement 500 with a multiplicity of interdigital electrode arrangements 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mounted one above the other.
  • the interdigital electrode arrangements 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 are in each case through the longitudinal extensions cut.
  • the longitudinal extensions are each marked with dots or with hatching.
  • the longitudinal extensions are each charged to electrical potentials. Those longitudinal extensions which have points are charged to a high potential, while the longitudinal extensions, which are at a low potential, are hatched.
  • the longitudinal extents of all shown interdigital electrode arrangements 2, 4 and 8 are in each case at the high potential and the longitudinal extents 3 and 5 are each set to the low potential.
  • the direction that runs horizontally is with x and the direction that runs vertically is marked with y.
  • the assembly 50 is loaded as follows. In the relaxed state, charges are applied to the longitudinal extents of the interdigital electrodes. Thus, in each case stresses U1 arise between the longitudinal extensions of adjacent layers.
  • the arrangement 1 is stretched in the generator so that the arrangement 1 becomes larger in the y-direction and smaller in the x-direction.
  • the polymer is 1. designed correspondingly elastic.
  • the capacitance of the capacitors between the longitudinal extensions of the interdigital electrodes 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 has become smaller. Since the charge on the longitudinal extensions is the same, the voltage has become larger. Thus, the electrical energy has increased. Work on the cargoes was done by pulling them apart.
  • the longitudinal extents are discharged again before the assembly 500 moves back to its original position.
  • the voltage is maintained or the electric field is kept constant rather than keeping the charge constant.
  • FIG. 4 shows, in section, the arrangement 500 from FIG. 3, the longitudinal extents of the interdigital electrode arrangements 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 being charged differently.
  • the interdigital electrode assemblies 10, 30 and 50 are applied to the positive potential, while the electrode assemblies are connected to the negative potential with all the longitudinal extensions.
  • the longitudinal extensions are unloaded.
  • the electrode arrangements are again charged to different potentials as in FIG.
  • the arrangement 500 is stretched in the x direction, resulting in a compression in the y direction.
  • FIG. 5 shows schematically a section of the control circuit for applying the electrode combs.
  • a control circuit 600 has the switches S1, S2, S3 and S4.
  • the switch S1 is connected at its first terminal to the busbar 6 of the interdigital electrode arrangement, while the first terminal of the switch S2 is connected to the busbar 7 of the electrode comb 12 of the interdigital electrode arrangement 10.
  • the first terminal of the switch S3 is connected to the collecting electrode 6 of the electrode comb 11 of the interdigital electrode assembly 20, while the electrode comb 12 is connected by its busbar 7 to the first terminal of the switch S4.
  • the switches S1, S2, S3 and S4 each have a first, a second and a third terminal. The switches are operated so that the first terminal is connected either to the second terminal or to the third terminal of the respective switch.
  • the first terminals of the switches S1 and S3 are respectively connected to their second terminals, while in the switches S2 and S4, the first terminal is connected to the third terminals.
  • the high potential is connected in each case, while at the third terminals in each case the negative potential is connected.
  • the electrode combs 1 1 of the interdigital electrode assemblies 10 and 20 are each charged to the high potential, while the electrode combs 12 of the interdigital electrode assemblies 10 and 20 are respectively connected to the negative potential.
  • Circuit corresponds to the shading shown in Figure 3. If the longitudinal extensions are to be charged in accordance with FIG. 4, the switches S1 and S2 are respectively switched so that the first terminal is connected to the second terminal, while the switches S3 and S4 each connect their first terminal to their second terminal.
  • FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of the interdigital electrode arrangements. These differ from those of Figure 2 in that the collecting electrodes are arranged differently. The collecting electrodes 1 1 of the interdigital electrodes 10, 30 and 50 and the collecting electrodes 12 of the interdigital electrodes 10, 30 and 50 are led out and electrically contacted, while the collecting electrodes 1 1 and 12 of the interdigital electrodes 20, 40 and 60 are led upwards , Thus, it is sufficient to provide only four switches S1, S2, S3 and S4 to contact all collecting electrodes as needed. LIST OF REFERENCES

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Hybrid Cells (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un générateur pour produire de l'énergie électrique. Ce générateur présente un système d'électrodes interdigitales (10) avec deux dents d'électrode (11, 12) entrelacées l'une dans l'autre. Une deuxième système d'électrodes interdigitales (20) présente deux dents d'électrode (11, 12) entrelacées l'une dans l'autre. Un polymère électroactif (1) est prévu entre les dents d'électrode du premier système d'électrodes interdigitales (10) et entre les dents d'électrode (11, 12) du deuxième système d'électrodes interdigitales (20) et entre le premier système d'électrodes interdigitales (10) et le deuxième système d'électrodes interdigitales (20). Un premier circuit de commande sert à commuter sélectivement les dents d'électrode (11, 12) du premier système d'électrodes interdigitales (10) sur des potentiels différents ou sur le même potentiel.
EP10778857A 2009-12-18 2010-10-27 Générateur pour convertir de l'énergie mécanique en énergie électrique Withdrawn EP2513989A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009059023A DE102009059023A1 (de) 2009-12-18 2009-12-18 Generator zum Wandeln von mechanischer Energie in elektrische Energie
PCT/EP2010/006548 WO2011072769A1 (fr) 2009-12-18 2010-10-27 Générateur pour convertir de l'énergie mécanique en énergie électrique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2513989A1 true EP2513989A1 (fr) 2012-10-24

Family

ID=43447439

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10778857A Withdrawn EP2513989A1 (fr) 2009-12-18 2010-10-27 Générateur pour convertir de l'énergie mécanique en énergie électrique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2513989A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009059023A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011072769A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014206596A1 (de) 2014-04-04 2015-10-08 Claudia Serifi System zur Erzeugung oder Bereitstellung von elektrischer Energie
CN104734564B (zh) * 2015-04-14 2017-02-22 大连理工大学 一种全叉指电极微型压电厚膜振动能量收集器及其制作方法
CN110905714B (zh) * 2019-11-20 2020-10-16 华中科技大学 一种自由漂浮式的单壳体水面浮能装置
CN111740637B (zh) * 2020-07-06 2021-07-06 电子科技大学 全向滑动能量采集器件、柔性直供电微系统及电子设备

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0316869D0 (en) 2003-07-18 2003-08-20 Kelly H P G Method of operation for a self-protecting wave energy conversion plant
WO2006046938A1 (fr) * 2004-10-21 2006-05-04 Societe De Technologie Michelin Collecteur piezoelectrique miniaturise d’energie de vibrations
FR2896635A1 (fr) * 2006-01-23 2007-07-27 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procede et dispositif de conversion d'energie mecanique en energie electrique
US7557456B2 (en) 2006-05-05 2009-07-07 Sri International Wave powered generation using electroactive polymers
US7977923B2 (en) * 2007-03-09 2011-07-12 Sri International Circuits for electroactive polymer generators
GB2458630A (en) * 2008-02-28 2009-09-30 Aws Ocean Energy Ltd Deformable wave energy converter with electroactive material

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2011072769A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011072769A8 (fr) 2011-09-09
DE102009059023A1 (de) 2011-06-22
WO2011072769A1 (fr) 2011-06-23

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