EP2513582B1 - Equipment for preheating a continuously moving steel strip - Google Patents

Equipment for preheating a continuously moving steel strip Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2513582B1
EP2513582B1 EP10715131.8A EP10715131A EP2513582B1 EP 2513582 B1 EP2513582 B1 EP 2513582B1 EP 10715131 A EP10715131 A EP 10715131A EP 2513582 B1 EP2513582 B1 EP 2513582B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
preheating
tubes
strip
equipment according
chamber
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EP10715131.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2513582A1 (en
Inventor
Pierre-Jérôme BORREL
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Clecim SAS
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Primetals Technologies France SAS
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/28—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity for treating continuous lengths of work
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/561—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with a controlled atmosphere or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • C21D9/562—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
    • F27D99/0035—Heating indirectly through a radiant surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a preheating installation for a continuously moving steel strip, in particular before it is introduced into a continuous annealing or dip galvanizing furnace, according to the preamble of claim 1. It is known that, in the continuous annealing or galvanizing of steel strip systems in continuous running, the packaged strip in the form of coil is first unrolled then annealed and possibly galvanized before being rewound. It therefore passes rapidly, at a speed of up to several meters per second, from the ambient temperature to a maximum temperature required by the desired metallurgical objective and which can exceed 850 ° C.
  • This energy can be recovered in various ways, for example to heat the combustion gases of direct flame burners or radiant tubes of "recuperator” or “regenerative” types.
  • the flue gases are captured in the furnace or at the outlet of the radiant tubes and then blown by diffusers at the surface of the strip. Given the high temperature of the gases, which can reach more than 1000 ° C, they are first diluted in fresh air in order to reduce their temperature up to values compatible with the operating and resistance capacities of the exhausters. ensuring their capture and distribution to the blowing devices on the tape. Typically, the gases are cooled to about 300 to 450 ° C before being used for preheating, which significantly affects the performance of the operation.
  • the flue gases pass through an exchanger where they are cooled by yielding part of their heat to a preheating gas blown on the surface of the strip, then are evacuated by evacuation enhancers.
  • This preheating gas may be air or, as in the case of JP60-135530A , the gas constituting the controlled atmosphere of a radiant tube furnace.
  • the efficiency of the operation is largely penalized by the efficiency of an additional exchanger burnt gases / preheating gas.
  • the invention must therefore make it possible to solve these problems, in particular by making it possible to carry out the preheating of the strip in an enclosure having a controlled atmosphere, to recover in exhausts finally preheating gases which are very much cooled and which do not require any dilution. .
  • the invention must make it possible to avoid the need for an external exchanger between a hot gas and the actual preheating gas and allows the return of highly cooled gases, the evacuation of which is thus considerably facilitated.
  • the invention thus proposes an associated preheating installation according to the main claim 1.
  • a set of sub-claims completes the various aspects and advantages.
  • the invention relates to an installation capable of preheating a continuously moving steel strip before entering a continuous annealing or galvanizing furnace in which external recovery flue gases in direct flame burners or radiant tubes used for heating or maintaining the temperature of said strip in the oven are taken and then conducted in at least one preheating member of the strip itself included in a preheating chamber under controlled atmosphere, then these gases then cooled are extracted from the preheating chamber and directed to an evacuation device, for example an exhaust and a chimney.
  • an evacuation device for example an exhaust and a chimney.
  • the steel strip preheating installation in continuous movement in a preheating chamber comprises (in said enclosure) a preheating circuit consisting of at least one preheating tube whose inner surface is in contact with burnt gas. external recovery.
  • a preheating circuit consisting of at least one preheating tube whose inner surface is in contact with burnt gas.
  • external recovery may be close to JP360135530A which presents real tubes of an additional exchanger to the preheating module, as well as JP361048533A which includes caissons comparable to tubes where burnt gases are injected.
  • the preheating installation differs from each of these documents in that a part of the external surface of said preheating tube is arranged at such a distance and in direct view of a surface of the strip ensuring firstly a first mode of preheating by thermal radiation on the strip and the walls of the enclosure, and secondly providing a second mode of preheating, by convection, a gas constituting a controlled atmosphere in the enclosure of preheating, said gas being at least present between the outer surface of the tube and the surface of the strip.
  • the distance separating the external surface of the tube and the surface of the strip is adjustable according to the intensity of the effects of the two modes to be ensured, which therefore makes it possible to weight them together and separately and thus to better control the efficiency of the preheating desired.
  • the annexed gas under controlled atmosphere has pre-established oxidoreductive properties depending on the band as well as any other material coming into direct contact with it.
  • the band is advantageously not chemically altered.
  • the auxiliary gas may be static or circulated out of the tube in the direct vicinity of the strip, that is to say less between the portion of the outer surface of the tube and the strip surface.
  • Preheating tube means any body having an inner wall and an outer wall and having an orifice at two of its ends, a flue gas inlet and an outlet port.
  • the outer surface of a tube installed in a preheating chamber is partly in direct view of the surface of the strip and partly also in direct view of the walls of the enclosure which, in turn are able to radiate on the surface of the band and to heat the gas of the enclosure by convection.
  • a plurality of preheating tubes can thus be arranged side by side, for example perpendicular to the direction of movement of the strip, in layers substantially parallel thereto and in direct view of at least one of its faces. These layers are therefore in direct radiation situation on the surface of the strip to ensure its heating efficiently and homogeneously.
  • these plies therefore have the advantage of being placed as close as possible to the strip while guaranteeing the absence of contact with it during its travel, given its deformations and its movements.
  • Elements or screens mentioned above may be contiguous to said plies guaranteeing at least a free distance from contact with the strip.
  • the heating system may be designed so that the strip has a vertical scroll in at least one pass between rollers located at the bottom and top of the enclosure, and that at least one layer of (horizontal) preheating tubes is in direct view of a face of each up or down band pass.
  • At least two layers of preheating tubes each being in direct view of one of the two faces of the strip, concomitantly provide heating of the two faces of each band pass ascending or descending.
  • the preheating tube plies consist of a plurality of tubes connected together by collectors solidarisable at the ends close to the tubes.
  • the preheating installation comprises in particular at least one fixing member adapted to maintain at least one tube or at least one sheet of preheating tubes and advantageously allowing the heating properties to be adjusted according to characteristics of the strips, their formats (width, thicknesses), a scrolling speed, etc. and facilitates maintenance of each tube.
  • said preheating installation comprises separating means coupled to said fixing member and means for isolating each sheet of tubes, thus removable, advantageously respectively enabling individual disassembly of each sheet of tubes mounted on said fixing member, and that to isolate (especially smoke side) individually each sheet of tubes other plies of tubes.
  • the plies can be supported in the enclosure by said fasteners, which can advantageously be compatible with those of radiant tubes with which the plies are thus interchangeable.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to use assembly and disassembly tools identical to those used for a furnace with radiant tubes. It also makes it possible to mount a radiant tube temporarily in case of disassembly of a sheet for repair.
  • the fastener of the present invention simply allows a withdrawal of the sheet to which said pierced tube would belong, or an insulation of said tablecloth relative to other plies by means of said insulation means, waiting for example a next maintenance stop of the preheating installation.
  • the means for separating and isolating advantageously allow a simple and effective adaptation of the preheating system to an increase in power of the furnace, for example by replacing a sheet with four recovery tubes by a radiant tube gas that would save more energy, but would increase production.
  • the fixing member and the said separation and isolation means make it possible, in particular, to adapt a geometry of the plies of tubes to heating conditions of the strips.
  • these preheating tube plies can be arranged so that at operating temperature (due to expansion due to thermal effects) they are suitably as close as possible to one another, in particular in that at least two preheating tubes are arranged such that a gap between them is between zero and 1/40 of the distance of said tubes with the strip.
  • the preheating tubes are arranged such that at operating temperature (due to expansion due to thermal effects) a gap is undoubtedly formed between two successive tubes, the ratio between the tube / band distance and the width of the gap being between 4 and 40 to ensure preheating effectively adapted to a steel strip.
  • the blower device is particularly capable of producing at least one jet of said heated gases between adjacent preheating ramps.
  • the pitch of the successive tubes is in particular equal to the distance separating the longitudinal central axis of two tubes. successive. Indeed, if the tubes are too close (ratio ⁇ 1) successive jets disturb each other, and if they are too far (ratio> 5) the volume between adjacent tubes of preheating tubes will be the seat few heat exchanges.
  • the preheating tubes constituting the preheating member may be equipped with at least one internal recuperative fin in contact with the flue gases. These recover heat by contact with the flue gases and by radiation from the inner walls of the tube.
  • the preheating tubes are, according to the invention, equipped with at least one external radiating fin in contact with the gases of the enclosure and able to radiate on the strip.
  • the flue gas recovery manifolds can advantageously be located inside the oven enclosure, without venting, before being directed to the preheating chamber.
  • the feed collectors preheating organs may also remain within said enclosure, which avoids energy losses and costly insulation.
  • the preheating chamber may advantageously be in direct communication with the enclosure of the furnace and share the same controlled atmosphere.
  • the recovery of flue gas is conventionally output radiant tubes outside the enclosure of the furnace.
  • the figure 2 describes the principle of preheating a strip (B) by a preheating tube (31) of a preheating member (3).
  • the flue gases from a continuous annealing furnace or galvanizing circulate inside each of the preheating tubes which have an inner wall (311) in contact with the hot gas and an outer wall (312) located in the immediate vicinity Of the band.
  • the tube has, for example, a circular section and has two internal recuperative fins (313) and two external radiating fins (314).
  • the flue gases transfer some of their heat to the preheating tubes (31) by contact with their inner wall (311) and with their internal recuperative fins (313). Most of this heat is transferred by conduction to the outer wall (312) and external radiating fins (314) which provide both radiation heating of the band (B) and walls of the enclosure, and convection heating the neutral gas of said enclosure. Part of this heat is exchanged by radiation between the inner wall (311) and the internal recuperative fins (313).
  • the figure 3 describes an example of arrangement of two preheating members (3a, 3b).
  • Each heating member comprises two plies consisting of a plurality of tubes (31), here by way of example finned tubes, each of the plies being disposed closer to each of the two faces of the strip which runs on rollers (41) in at least two vertical passes.
  • Each preheating member thus ensures the heating of a rising pass (for 3a) or descending (for 3b) of the strip (B) running in the preheating chamber (4).
  • the moving strip is subjected respectively to the radiation of the two preheating members (3a - 3b).
  • a volume of neutral gas is subjected to heating by the adjacent faces of the first and second preheating member.
  • the preheating tubes are arranged such that a gap of size between 1/4 and 1/40 of their distance from the strip is formed between their respective outer radiating fins and an exhauster (42) ensures a forced circulation of the neutral gas between an extraction duct (43) and a blowing duct (44) supplying the space between the plies (3a2 - 3b1) of the two adjacent preheating members (3a - 3b).
  • the gas is convectively heated between these two layers and is blown onto the surface of the strip by the interstices between the radiating fins (314).
  • the blowing duct (44) can be divided into as many branches as is necessary to ensure the blowing of the neutral gas in as many spaces between the set of adjacent preheating elements that comprises the preheating chamber.
  • one or more layers can be added between the layers represented on the figure 3 .
  • the figure 4 discloses another example of arrangement of two preheating members (3a, 3b).
  • Each heating member comprises two plies consisting of a plurality of tubes (31), each of the plies being disposed closer to each of the two faces of the strip which runs on rollers (41) in at least two vertical passes.
  • Each preheating member thus ensures the heating of a rising pass (for 3a) or descending (for 3b) of the strip (B) running in the preheating chamber (4).
  • the moving strip is subjected respectively to the radiation of the two preheating members (3a - 3b).
  • a volume of neutral gas is subjected to heating by the adjacent faces of the first and second preheating member.
  • the preheating tubes are arranged in such a way that no noticeable gaps remain between them.
  • An exhauster (42) ensures a forced circulation of the neutral gas between an extraction duct (43) and two blower ducts (44a-44b) supplying blowing nozzles (441) blowing the heated neutral gas onto the surface of the strip at an almost tangent incidence and a direction opposite to the direction of its scrolling.
  • the extraction duct (43) captures the heated neutral gas between the plies (3a2) and (3b1).
  • the blowing duct (44) can be divided into as many branches as is necessary to ensure the blowing of the neutral gas in as many upstream or downstream band passes that includes the preheating chamber.
  • one or more layers can be added between the layers represented on the figure 4 .
  • the figure 5 describes two examples of construction of preheating tubes (31).
  • the length of the internal recuperative fins (313) has been increased to improve the exchange with the flue gases circulating inside the tube.
  • the addition of a tube (315) concentric to the tube (31) also improves the exchange with the flue gases and, at the same rate, increases their circulation speed.
  • the figure 6 describes a possibility of modular constitution of the preheating tube plies to facilitate their replacement.
  • Number of constituent tubes of a web element may vary according to the needs and the example of the figure in which four tubes are shown is not limiting.
  • Each element of plies consists of a plurality of tubes (31), each being equipped with two fins (314).
  • the flue gas flows between an inlet and an outlet inside the tubes (31) connected together by collectors (316).
  • the sheet is supported by a fixing plate (318) removably attached to the wall (45a) of the enclosure (4) and by at least one pin (317) bearing in the other wall (45b).
  • Members (319) for securing the various elements make it possible to give the sheet the rigidity necessary for its use and its handling. Such an arrangement is achievable with tubes without fins or with fins as shown in the figure.
  • This arrangement allows a total interchangeability of the plies of heating tubes with conventional radiant tubes equipped with burners.
  • the process according to the invention can be economically substituted for preheating by radiant tubes on an existing installation.

Description

L'invention concerne une installation de préchauffage d'une bande d'acier en défilement continu, en particulier avant son introduction dans un four de recuit continu ou de galvanisation au trempé, selon le préambule de la revendication 1. Il est connu que, dans les installations de recuit continu ou de galvanisation de bandes d'acier en défilement continu, la bande conditionnée sous forme de bobine est d'abord déroulée puis recuite et éventuellement galvanisée avant d'être rembobinée. Elle passe donc rapidement, à une vitesse pouvant atteindre plusieurs mètres par seconde, de la température ambiante à une température maximum requise par l'objectif métallurgique recherché et qui peut dépasser 850°C.The invention relates to a preheating installation for a continuously moving steel strip, in particular before it is introduced into a continuous annealing or dip galvanizing furnace, according to the preamble of claim 1. It is known that, in the continuous annealing or galvanizing of steel strip systems in continuous running, the packaged strip in the form of coil is first unrolled then annealed and possibly galvanized before being rewound. It therefore passes rapidly, at a speed of up to several meters per second, from the ambient temperature to a maximum temperature required by the desired metallurgical objective and which can exceed 850 ° C.

En vue d'améliorer cette efficacité, de nombreux efforts ont été faits pour utiliser l'énergie des gaz brûlés dans les zones de chauffage et de maintien en température des fours avant qu'ils ne soient évacués en dehors de l'installation.In order to improve this efficiency, numerous efforts have been made to use the energy of the flue gases in the heating and kiln heating zones before they are discharged outside the installation.

Cette énergie peut être récupérée de différentes manières, par exemple pour réchauffer les gaz de combustion des brûleurs à flamme directe ou des tubes radiants de types « récupérateurs » ou « régénératifs ».This energy can be recovered in various ways, for example to heat the combustion gases of direct flame burners or radiant tubes of "recuperator" or "regenerative" types.

Il est aussi possible de récupérer tout ou partie de cette énergie pour réaliser un préchauffage de la bande avant son introduction dans le four proprement dit.It is also possible to recover all or part of this energy to preheat the strip before its introduction into the furnace itself.

De la manière la plus simple, les gaz brûlés sont captés dans le four ou à la sortie des tubes radiants puis soufflés par des diffuseurs en surface de la bande. Compte tenu de la haute température des gaz, pouvant atteindre plus de 1000°C, ils sont d'abord dilués dans de l'air frais afin de diminuer leur température jusqu'à des valeurs compatibles avec les capacités de fonctionnement et de résistance des exhausteurs assurant leur captage et leur distribution jusqu'aux dispositifs de soufflage sur la bande. Typiquement, les gaz sont refroidis jusque vers 300 à 450°C avant d'être utilisés pour le préchauffage, ce qui nuit considérablement au rendement de l'opération.In the simplest way, the flue gases are captured in the furnace or at the outlet of the radiant tubes and then blown by diffusers at the surface of the strip. Given the high temperature of the gases, which can reach more than 1000 ° C, they are first diluted in fresh air in order to reduce their temperature up to values compatible with the operating and resistance capacities of the exhausters. ensuring their capture and distribution to the blowing devices on the tape. Typically, the gases are cooled to about 300 to 450 ° C before being used for preheating, which significantly affects the performance of the operation.

Selon une autre technique, décrite par exemple dans JP 60-135530 , les gaz brûlés traversent un échangeur où ils sont refroidis en cédant une partie de leur chaleur à un gaz de préchauffage soufflé à la surface de la bande, puis sont évacués par des exhausteurs d'évacuation.According to another technique, described for example in JP 60-135530 , the flue gases pass through an exchanger where they are cooled by yielding part of their heat to a preheating gas blown on the surface of the strip, then are evacuated by evacuation enhancers.

Ce gaz de préchauffage peut être de l'air ou, comme dans le cas de JP60-135530A , le gaz constituant l'atmosphère contrôlée d'un four à tubes radiants. Ici, le rendement de l'opération est largement pénalisé par le rendement d'un échangeur supplémentaire gaz brûlés / gaz de préchauffage.This preheating gas may be air or, as in the case of JP60-135530A , the gas constituting the controlled atmosphere of a radiant tube furnace. Here, the efficiency of the operation is largely penalized by the efficiency of an additional exchanger burnt gases / preheating gas.

Enfin, il a été aussi envisagé d'introduire directement dans une enceinte de préchauffage les gaz brûlés issus du four et de les faire circuler en surface de la bande à l'aide de chicanes ou de conduits, lesdits gaz sortant ainsi refroidis de l'enceinte de préchauffage vers des moyens d'extraction.Finally, it has also been envisaged to introduce directly into a preheating chamber the burnt gases from the furnace and to circulate on the surface of the strip by means of baffles or ducts, said gases leaving and cooled by the preheating chamber to extraction means.

Une telle disposition, décrite dans JP61-048533A , permet un réchauffage rapide mais avec des gaz encore très chauds en sortie de l'enceinte de préchauffage, ce qui induit de fortes charges thermiques dans les circuits d'évacuation.Such a provision, described in JP61-048533A , allows rapid heating but with still very hot gases at the outlet of the preheating chamber, which induces high thermal loads in the evacuation circuits.

En fonction de leur composition, de leur température, mais aussi en fonction de la composition chimique de la bande et de sa température, ces gaz brûlés en contact avec la bande peuvent également se révéler inadaptés à l'obtention de certaines conditions d'oxydoréduction superficielles de la bande.Depending on their composition, their temperature, but also depending on the chemical composition of the band and its temperature, these burnt gases in contact with the band may also be unsuitable for obtaining certain superficial oxidation-reduction conditions. Of the band.

L'invention doit donc permettre de résoudre ces problèmes, en particulier en permettant de réaliser le préchauffage de la bande dans une enceinte disposant d'une atmosphère contrôlée, de récupérer dans des exhausteurs des gaz de préchauffage finalement très refroidis et qui ne nécessitent aucune dilution. L'invention doit permettre d'éviter la nécessité d'échangeur externe entre un gaz chaud et le gaz effectif de préchauffage et permet la restitution de gaz fortement refroidis dont l'évacuation est ainsi considérablement facilitée.The invention must therefore make it possible to solve these problems, in particular by making it possible to carry out the preheating of the strip in an enclosure having a controlled atmosphere, to recover in exhausts finally preheating gases which are very much cooled and which do not require any dilution. . The invention must make it possible to avoid the need for an external exchanger between a hot gas and the actual preheating gas and allows the return of highly cooled gases, the evacuation of which is thus considerably facilitated.

L'invention propose ainsi une installation de préchauffage associé selon la revendication principale 1. Un jeu de sous-revendications vient en compléter les divers aspects et avantages.The invention thus proposes an associated preheating installation according to the main claim 1. A set of sub-claims completes the various aspects and advantages.

L'invention porte sur une installation apte à assurer le préchauffage d'une bande d'acier en défilement continu avant son entrée dans un four de recuit continu ou de galvanisation dans lequel des gaz brûlés de récupération externe dans des brûleurs à flamme directe ou des tubes radiants utilisés pour le chauffage ou le maintien en température de ladite bande dans le four sont prélevés, puis conduits dans au moins un organe de préchauffage de la bande lui-même inclus dans une enceinte de préchauffage sous atmosphère contrôlée, puis ces gaz alors refroidis sont extraits de l'enceinte de préchauffage et dirigés vers un dispositif d'évacuation, par exemple un exhausteur et une cheminée.The invention relates to an installation capable of preheating a continuously moving steel strip before entering a continuous annealing or galvanizing furnace in which external recovery flue gases in direct flame burners or radiant tubes used for heating or maintaining the temperature of said strip in the oven are taken and then conducted in at least one preheating member of the strip itself included in a preheating chamber under controlled atmosphere, then these gases then cooled are extracted from the preheating chamber and directed to an evacuation device, for example an exhaust and a chimney.

Principalement, l'installation de préchauffage de bande d'acier en défilement continu dans une enceinte de préchauffage comprend (dans ladite enceinte) un circuit de préchauffage constitué d'au moins un tube de préchauffage dont la surface interne est au contact de gaz brûlés de récupération externe. Cet aspect peut être avoisiné de JP360135530A qui présente de vrais tubes d'un échangeur supplémentaire au module de préchauffage, ainsi que de JP361048533A qui comprend des caissons assimilables à des tubes où des gaz brûlés sont injectés. Selon la présente invention, l'installation de préchauffage se différencie de chacun de ces documents en ce qu'une partie de la surface externe dudit tube de préchauffage est disposée à une distance telle et en vue directe d'une surface de la bande assurant d'une part un premier mode de préchauffage par rayonnement thermique sur la bande et les parois de l'enceinte, et d'autre part assurant un second mode de préchauffage, par convection, d'un gaz constituant une atmosphère contrôlée dans l'enceinte de préchauffage, ledit gaz étant au moins présent entre la surface externe du tube et la surface de la bande. La distance séparant la surface externe du tube et la surface de la bande est réglable en fonction de l'intensité des effets des deux modes à assurer, ce qui permet donc de les pondérer ensemble et séparément et ainsi de mieux contrôler l'efficacité du préchauffage voulu. A ce titre, même si a priori cette distance est libre de tout obstacle obstruant une vue directe entre la surface externe de tube et une surface de la bande, il est envisageable d'y disposer des éléments ou écrans à ouvertures dont les matériaux présentent des propriétés influant sur au moins un des deux dits modes.Principally, the steel strip preheating installation in continuous movement in a preheating chamber comprises (in said enclosure) a preheating circuit consisting of at least one preheating tube whose inner surface is in contact with burnt gas. external recovery. This aspect may be close to JP360135530A which presents real tubes of an additional exchanger to the preheating module, as well as JP361048533A which includes caissons comparable to tubes where burnt gases are injected. According to the present invention, the preheating installation differs from each of these documents in that a part of the external surface of said preheating tube is arranged at such a distance and in direct view of a surface of the strip ensuring firstly a first mode of preheating by thermal radiation on the strip and the walls of the enclosure, and secondly providing a second mode of preheating, by convection, a gas constituting a controlled atmosphere in the enclosure of preheating, said gas being at least present between the outer surface of the tube and the surface of the strip. The distance separating the external surface of the tube and the surface of the strip is adjustable according to the intensity of the effects of the two modes to be ensured, which therefore makes it possible to weight them together and separately and thus to better control the efficiency of the preheating desired. As such, even if a priori this distance is free of any obstacle obstructing a direct view between the outer surface of the tube and a surface of the strip, it is conceivable to have therein elements or screens with openings whose materials exhibit properties affecting at least one of said two modes.

Le gaz annexe sous atmosphère contrôlée possède des propriétés oxydo-réductrices préétablies en fonction de la bande ainsi que tout autre matériau entrant à son contact direct. De cette façon, la bande n'est avantageusement pas altérée chimiquement. Dans l'enceinte, le gaz annexe peut être statique ou bien mis en circulation hors du tube aux abords directs de la bande, c'est-à-dire moins entre la partie de la surface externe du tube et la surface de bande. Enfin, l'installation permet avantageusement que les gaz brûlés introduits dans l'enceinte de préchauffage ne se mélangent pas avec l'atmosphère contrôlée du four, à l'opposé de JP361048533A .The annexed gas under controlled atmosphere has pre-established oxidoreductive properties depending on the band as well as any other material coming into direct contact with it. In this way, the band is advantageously not chemically altered. In the enclosure, the auxiliary gas may be static or circulated out of the tube in the direct vicinity of the strip, that is to say less between the portion of the outer surface of the tube and the strip surface. Finally, the installation advantageously allows the burnt gases introduced into the preheating chamber do not mix with the controlled atmosphere of the furnace, as opposed to JP361048533A .

L'organe de préchauffage précité est ainsi constitué d'au moins un tube de préchauffage dont la surface interne est en contact avec les gaz brûlés et dont la surface externe est en partie en vue directe de la surface de la bande, ledit tube assurant de manière concomitante et en laissant avantageusement la bande libre de tout contact (altérant) aux gaz brûlés :

  • o Le chauffage de la bande par rayonnement,
  • o Le chauffage du gaz et des parois de l'enceinte de préchauffage par convection et rayonnement.
The aforementioned preheating member thus consists of at least one preheating tube whose inner surface is in contact with the burnt gases and whose external surface is partly in direct view of the surface of the strip, said tube ensuring concomitantly and advantageously leaving the band free from any contact (altering) with the burned gases:
  • o Radiant heating of the strip,
  • o The heating of the gas and the walls of the preheating chamber by convection and radiation.

Par tube de préchauffage on entend tout corps possédant une paroi interne et une paroi externe et possédant un orifice à deux de ses extrémités, un orifice d'entrée des gaz brûlés et un orifice de sortie.Preheating tube means any body having an inner wall and an outer wall and having an orifice at two of its ends, a flue gas inlet and an outlet port.

La surface externe d'un tube installé dans une enceinte de préchauffage est en partie en vue directe de la surface de la bande et en partie aussi en vue directe des parois de l'enceinte qui, à leur tour sont apte à rayonner sur la surface de la bande et à chauffer le gaz de l'enceinte par convection.The outer surface of a tube installed in a preheating chamber is partly in direct view of the surface of the strip and partly also in direct view of the walls of the enclosure which, in turn are able to radiate on the surface of the band and to heat the gas of the enclosure by convection.

L'installation de préchauffage est adaptée à être disposée avant une entrée de ladite bande dans un four de recuit continu ou de galvanisation dans lequel les gaz brûlés sont récupérés dans des brûleurs à flamme directe ou des tubes radiants utilisés pour le chauffage ou le maintien en température de ladite bande dans le four et comprenant :

  • une conduite desdits gaz du four vers l'organe de préchauffage de la bande inclus dans l'enceinte de préchauffage sous atmosphère contrôlée,
  • un dispositif d'évacuation pour extraire les gaz de l'enceinte de préchauffage, par exemple sous forme d'un exhausteur et d'une cheminée.
Principalement, toute source de gaz brûlés récupérable, telle qu'étant facilement à disposition dans des fours de traitement de bande métallique, peut être connectée à une entrée de tube de l'installation de préchauffage selon l'invention. Il est ainsi possible de réaliser des gains énergétiques et des progrès environnementaux considérables.The preheating installation is adapted to be arranged before an inlet of said strip in a continuous annealing or galvanizing furnace in which the flue gases are recovered in direct-flame burners or radiant tubes used for heating or maintenance. temperature of said strip in the oven and comprising:
  • a pipe of said oven gases to the preheating member of the strip included in the preheating chamber under a controlled atmosphere,
  • an evacuation device for extracting the gases from the preheating chamber, for example in the form of an exhauster and a chimney.
Primarily, any recoverable gas source, as readily available in metal strip processing furnaces, may be connected to a tube inlet of the preheating plant according to the invention. It is thus possible to achieve considerable energy savings and environmental progress.

Une pluralité de tubes de préchauffage peuvent ainsi être disposés côte à côte, par exemple perpendiculairement au sens de déplacement de la bande, en nappes substantiellement parallèles à celle-ci et en vue directe d'au moins une de ses faces. Ces nappes se trouvent donc en situation de rayonnement direct sur la surface de la bande afin d'assurer son chauffage de manière efficace et homogène.A plurality of preheating tubes can thus be arranged side by side, for example perpendicular to the direction of movement of the strip, in layers substantially parallel thereto and in direct view of at least one of its faces. These layers are therefore in direct radiation situation on the surface of the strip to ensure its heating efficiently and homogeneously.

Selon une réalisation préférée, ces nappes ont donc avantage à être placées aussi près que possible de la bande tout en garantissant l'absence de contact avec celle-ci durant son défilement compte tenu de ses déformations et de ses mouvements. Des éléments ou écrans précités peuvent être accolés aux dites nappes en garantissant au moins une distance libre de contact avec la bande.According to a preferred embodiment, these plies therefore have the advantage of being placed as close as possible to the strip while guaranteeing the absence of contact with it during its travel, given its deformations and its movements. Elements or screens mentioned above may be contiguous to said plies guaranteeing at least a free distance from contact with the strip.

L'installation de réchauffage peut être conçue afin que la bande présente un défilement vertical en au moins une passe entre des rouleaux situés en bas et en haut de l'enceinte, et qu'au moins une nappe de tubes (horizontaux) de préchauffage soit en vue directe d'une face de chaque passe de bande montante ou descendante.The heating system may be designed so that the strip has a vertical scroll in at least one pass between rollers located at the bottom and top of the enclosure, and that at least one layer of (horizontal) preheating tubes is in direct view of a face of each up or down band pass.

Afin d'assurer un meilleur chauffage, au moins deux nappes de tubes de préchauffage, chacune étant en vue directe d'une des deux faces de la bande, assurent de manière concomitante le chauffage des deux faces de chaque passe de bande montante ou descendante.In order to ensure better heating, at least two layers of preheating tubes, each being in direct view of one of the two faces of the strip, concomitantly provide heating of the two faces of each band pass ascending or descending.

Selon une disposition constructive avantageuse, les nappes de tubes de préchauffage sont constituées d'une pluralité de tubes raccordés entre eux par des collecteurs solidarisables aux extrémités voisines des tubes.According to an advantageous constructive arrangement, the preheating tube plies consist of a plurality of tubes connected together by collectors solidarisable at the ends close to the tubes.

L'installation de préchauffage comprend en particulier au moins un organe de fixation apte à maintenir au moins un tube ou au moins une nappe de tubes de préchauffage et permettant avantageusement de régler des propriétés de chauffage suivant des caractéristiques de bandes, leurs formats (largeur, épaisseurs), une vitesse de défilement, etc. et facilite une maintenance de chaque tube. En particulier, ladite installation de préchauffage comprend des moyens de désolidarisation couplé audit organe de fixation et des moyens d'isolation de chaque nappe de tubes, ainsi amovible, permettant avantageusement respectivement de démonter individuellement chaque nappe de tubes montée sur ledit organe de fixation, ainsi que d'isoler (notamment côté fumée) individuellement chaque nappe de tubes des autres nappes de tubes. Ainsi, les nappes peuvent être supportées dans l'enceinte par lesdits organes de fixation, qui peuvent avantageusement être compatibles avec ceux de tubes radiants avec lesquels les nappes se trouvent donc interchangeables. Cette disposition permet d'utiliser des outils de montage et démontage identiques à ceux utilisés pour un four à tubes radiants. Elle permet également de monter un tube radiant de manière temporaire en cas de démontage d'une nappe pour réparation.The preheating installation comprises in particular at least one fixing member adapted to maintain at least one tube or at least one sheet of preheating tubes and advantageously allowing the heating properties to be adjusted according to characteristics of the strips, their formats (width, thicknesses), a scrolling speed, etc. and facilitates maintenance of each tube. In particular, said preheating installation comprises separating means coupled to said fixing member and means for isolating each sheet of tubes, thus removable, advantageously respectively enabling individual disassembly of each sheet of tubes mounted on said fixing member, and that to isolate (especially smoke side) individually each sheet of tubes other plies of tubes. Thus, the plies can be supported in the enclosure by said fasteners, which can advantageously be compatible with those of radiant tubes with which the plies are thus interchangeable. This arrangement makes it possible to use assembly and disassembly tools identical to those used for a furnace with radiant tubes. It also makes it possible to mount a radiant tube temporarily in case of disassembly of a sheet for repair.

Avantageusement, dans le cas d'un problème lié à l'installation de préchauffage, comme par exemple dans le cas d'un tube percé, contrairement au cas des échangeurs externes constitués de tubes en faisceau dans une chambre et qui nécessitent un démontage de l'ensemble des tubes (20 à 60 tubes) appartenant audit faisceau lorsqu'un des tubes est percé, l'organe de fixation de la présente invention permet simplement un retrait de la nappe à laquelle appartiendrait ledit tube percé, ou une isolation de ladite nappe par rapport à d'autres nappes au moyen desdits moyens d'isolation, en attendant par exemple un prochain arrêt de maintenance de l'installation de préchauffage. De plus, les moyens de désolidarisations et d'isolations permettent avantageusement une adaptation simple et efficace de l'installation de préchauffage à une augmentation d'une puissance du four, par exemple par remplacement d'une nappe à quatre tubes récupératifs par un tube radiant à gaz qui n'économiserait plus de l'énergie, mais permettrait une augmentation de production. Ainsi, l'organe de fixation et lesdits moyens de désolidarisation et d'isolation permettent notamment une adaptation d'une géométrie des nappes de tubes à des conditions de chauffage des bandes.Advantageously, in the case of a problem related to the preheating installation, as for example in the case of a pierced tube, unlike the case of external heat exchangers consisting of bundled tubes in a chamber and which require disassembly of the set of tubes (20 to 60 tubes) belonging to said beam when one of the tubes is drilled, the fastener of the present invention simply allows a withdrawal of the sheet to which said pierced tube would belong, or an insulation of said tablecloth relative to other plies by means of said insulation means, waiting for example a next maintenance stop of the preheating installation. In addition, the means for separating and isolating advantageously allow a simple and effective adaptation of the preheating system to an increase in power of the furnace, for example by replacing a sheet with four recovery tubes by a radiant tube gas that would save more energy, but would increase production. Thus, the fixing member and the said separation and isolation means make it possible, in particular, to adapt a geometry of the plies of tubes to heating conditions of the strips.

Afin de maximiser la surface rayonnante des nappes de tubes de préchauffage, ces derniers peuvent être disposés de telle sorte qu'à température de fonctionnement (en raison de dilatation provenant d'effets thermiques) ils soient adéquatement les plus proches possibles les uns des autres, en particulier en ce qu'au moins deux tubes de préchauffage sont disposés de telle sorte qu'un interstice entre eux soit compris entre zéro et 1/40 de la distance des dits tubes avec la bande.In order to maximize the radiating surface of the preheating tube plies, these can be arranged so that at operating temperature (due to expansion due to thermal effects) they are suitably as close as possible to one another, in particular in that at least two preheating tubes are arranged such that a gap between them is between zero and 1/40 of the distance of said tubes with the strip.

Dans une variante de construction, les tubes de préchauffage sont disposés de telle sorte qu'à température de fonctionnement (en raison de dilatation provenant d'effets thermiques) un interstice soit assurément ménagé entre deux tubes successifs, le rapport entre la distance tubes / bande et la largeur de l'interstice étant compris entre 4 et 40 afin d'assurer un préchauffage efficacement adapté à une bande d'acier.In a variant of construction, the preheating tubes are arranged such that at operating temperature (due to expansion due to thermal effects) a gap is undoubtedly formed between two successive tubes, the ratio between the tube / band distance and the width of the gap being between 4 and 40 to ensure preheating effectively adapted to a steel strip.

Dans cette configuration, il est avantageux de mettre en place une circulation forcée du gaz (annexe sous atmosphère contrôlée) de l'enceinte entre au moins un point de récupération et au moins un volume situé entre des rampes de tubes de préchauffage adjacentes et en vue directe les unes des autres. Cette circulation, assurée notamment au moyen d'un dispositif de soufflerie, permet d'améliorer les échanges par convection.In this configuration, it is advantageous to set up a forced circulation of the gas (controlled atmosphere annex) of the enclosure between at least one recovery point and at least one volume located between ramps of preheating tubes adjacent and in direct sight of each other. This circulation, provided in particular by means of a blower device, makes it possible to improve the convective exchanges.

Elle permet aussi, par les interstices ménagés entre les tubes successifs, de souffler orthogonalement ou avec une légère inclinaison sur la surface de la bande, les gaz réchauffés entre des rampes de préchauffage adjacentes et en vue directe les unes des autres. A cette fin, le dispositif de soufflerie est en particulier apte à produire au moins un jet desdits gaz réchauffés entre des rampes de préchauffage adjacentes.It also allows, by the interstices formed between the successive tubes, to blow orthogonally or with a slight inclination on the surface of the strip, the gases heated between adjacent preheating ramps and in direct sight of each other. To this end, the blower device is particularly capable of producing at least one jet of said heated gases between adjacent preheating ramps.

Il est alors avantageux de maintenir un rapport entre le pas des tubes successifs de la nappe et la distance tubes / bande compris entre 1 et 5. Le pas des tubes successifs est en particulier égal à la distance séparant l'axe central longitudinal de deux tubes successifs. En effet, si les tubes sont trop rapprochés (rapport <1) des jets successifs se perturbent les uns les autres, et s'ils sont trop éloignés (rapport >5) le volume situé entre des rampes de tubes de préchauffage adjacentes sera le siège de peu d'échanges thermiques.It is then advantageous to maintain a ratio between the pitch of the successive tubes of the sheet and the tube / strip distance between 1 and 5. The pitch of the successive tubes is in particular equal to the distance separating the longitudinal central axis of two tubes. successive. Indeed, if the tubes are too close (ratio <1) successive jets disturb each other, and if they are too far (ratio> 5) the volume between adjacent tubes of preheating tubes will be the seat few heat exchanges.

Il peut être aussi avantageux de mettre en place la circulation non plus entre un point de captage et un volume situé entre des rampes de tubes de préchauffage adjacentes et en vue directe les unes des autres mais en captant le gaz de l'enceinte entre lesdites rampes en vue de le réchauffer et le souffler par des buses de soufflage sur la surface de la bande, à contre courant de sens de son défilement.It may also be advantageous to place the circulation no longer between a capture point and a volume located between adjacent preheating tube ramps and in direct sight of each other but by sensing the gas from the enclosure between said ramps with a view to reheating and blowing it by blowing nozzles on the surface of the strip, counter-current to its direction of travel.

Les tubes de préchauffage constituant l'organe de préchauffage peuvent être équipés d'au moins une ailette récupérative interne en contact avec les gaz brûlés. Ceux-ci récupèrent de la chaleur par contact avec les gaz brûlés et par radiation des parois internes de tube.The preheating tubes constituting the preheating member may be equipped with at least one internal recuperative fin in contact with the flue gases. These recover heat by contact with the flue gases and by radiation from the inner walls of the tube.

Les tubes de préchauffage sont selon l'invention équipés d'au moins une ailette radiante externe en contact avec les gaz de l'enceinte et aptes à rayonner sur la bande.The preheating tubes are, according to the invention, equipped with at least one external radiating fin in contact with the gases of the enclosure and able to radiate on the strip.

Ces dispositions permettent d'améliorer considérablement la performance de l'échange thermique par convection et rayonnement avec la bande, les gaz et les parois de l'enceinte.These provisions significantly improve the performance of the convective heat exchange and radiation with the band, gases and walls of the enclosure.

Dans le cas d'un four ayant au moins une zone de chauffage à flamme directe, les collecteurs de récupération de gaz brûlés peuvent avantageusement être situés à l'intérieur de l'enceinte du four, sans sortie à l'air libre, avant d'être dirigés vers l'enceinte de préchauffage. Au sein de l'enceinte de préchauffage, les collecteurs d'alimentation des organes de préchauffage peuvent rester eux aussi situés à l'intérieur de ladite enceinte, ce qui évite des pertes d'énergie et de coûteux calorifugeages.In the case of an oven having at least one direct flame heating zone, the flue gas recovery manifolds can advantageously be located inside the oven enclosure, without venting, before being directed to the preheating chamber. Within the preheating chamber, the feed collectors preheating organs may also remain within said enclosure, which avoids energy losses and costly insulation.

Dans le cas d'un four à tubes radiants, l'enceinte de préchauffage peut avantageusement être en communication directe avec l'enceinte du four et partager la même atmosphère contrôlée. Dans ce cas, la récupération des gaz brûlés se fait classiquement en sortie des tubes radiants à l'extérieur de l'enceinte du four.In the case of a radiant tube furnace, the preheating chamber may advantageously be in direct communication with the enclosure of the furnace and share the same controlled atmosphere. In this case, the recovery of flue gas is conventionally output radiant tubes outside the enclosure of the furnace.

Les figures 1 à 6 permettent de mieux comprendre l'invention.The Figures 1 to 6 allow to better understand the invention.

La figure 1 décrit le principe général de l'installation de préchauffage selon l'invention : des gaz brûlés sont prélevés dans un four (1) par l'intermédiaire de gaines de captage (2). Ces gaines alimentent des organes de préchauffage (3) d'une bande (B) défilant dans une enceinte de préchauffage (4) calorifugée et sous atmosphère de gaz neutre (=gaz annexe, distinct des gaz brûlés). Des gaines d'extraction (5) récupèrent les gaz brûlés refroidis après leur passage dans les organes de préchauffage (3) et un exhausteur (6) dirigent lesdits gaz vers un circuit d'évacuation (7) hors des organes de préchauffage.The figure 1 describes the general principle of the preheating installation according to the invention: burnt gases are taken from an oven (1) via collecting sheaths (2). These ducts feed preheating members (3) of a strip (B) running in a preheating chamber (4) heat insulated and under a neutral gas atmosphere (= gas annex, separate gases burned). Extraction ducts (5) recover the cooled flue gases after their passage in the preheating members (3) and an exhauster (6) directs said gases to a discharge circuit (7) out of the preheating members.

La figure 2 décrit le principe de préchauffage d'une bande (B) par un tube de préchauffage (31) d'un organe de préchauffage (3). Les gaz brûlés issus d'un four de recuit continu ou de galvanisation circulent à l'intérieur de chacun des tubes de préchauffage qui comportent une paroi interne (311) en contact avec les gaz chauds et une paroi externe (312) située à proximité immédiate de la bande. Sur cette figure, le tube présente, à titre d'exemple, une section circulaire et possède deux ailettes récupératives internes (313) et deux ailettes radiantes externes (314).The figure 2 describes the principle of preheating a strip (B) by a preheating tube (31) of a preheating member (3). The flue gases from a continuous annealing furnace or galvanizing circulate inside each of the preheating tubes which have an inner wall (311) in contact with the hot gas and an outer wall (312) located in the immediate vicinity Of the band. In this figure, the tube has, for example, a circular section and has two internal recuperative fins (313) and two external radiating fins (314).

Les gaz brûlés cèdent une partie de leur chaleur aux tubes de préchauffage (31) par contact avec leur paroi interne (311) et avec leurs ailettes récupératives internes (313). L'essentiel de cette chaleur est transférée par conduction jusqu'à la paroi externe (312) et aux ailettes radiantes externes (314) qui assurent à la fois le chauffage par rayonnement de la bande (B) et des parois de l'enceinte, et le chauffage par convection du gaz neutre de ladite enceinte. Une partie de cette chaleur est échangée par radiation entre la paroi interne (311) et les ailettes récupératives internes (313).The flue gases transfer some of their heat to the preheating tubes (31) by contact with their inner wall (311) and with their internal recuperative fins (313). Most of this heat is transferred by conduction to the outer wall (312) and external radiating fins (314) which provide both radiation heating of the band (B) and walls of the enclosure, and convection heating the neutral gas of said enclosure. Part of this heat is exchanged by radiation between the inner wall (311) and the internal recuperative fins (313).

La figure 3 décrit un exemple d'arrangement de deux organes de préchauffage (3a, 3b). Chaque organe de réchauffage comporte deux nappes constituées d'une pluralité de tubes (31), ici à titre d'exemple des tubes à ailettes, chacune des nappes étant disposée au plus près de chacune des deux faces de la bande qui défile sur des rouleaux (41) en au moins deux passes verticales. Chaque organe de préchauffage assure donc le réchauffage d'une passe montante (pour 3a) ou descendante (pour 3b) de la bande (B) défilant dans l'enceinte de préchauffage (4).The figure 3 describes an example of arrangement of two preheating members (3a, 3b). Each heating member comprises two plies consisting of a plurality of tubes (31), here by way of example finned tubes, each of the plies being disposed closer to each of the two faces of the strip which runs on rollers (41) in at least two vertical passes. Each preheating member thus ensures the heating of a rising pass (for 3a) or descending (for 3b) of the strip (B) running in the preheating chamber (4).

Dans cet exemple on trouve donc, successivement dans le sens de progression de la bande :

  • Une première nappe (3a1) appartenant à un premier organe de préchauffage (3a) et dont une des faces est orientée vers la bande,
  • Une passe montante de la bande,
  • Une deuxième nappe (3a2) appartenant au premier organe de préchauffage (3a) et dont une des faces est orientée vers la bande,
  • Une troisième nappe (3b1) appartenant à un deuxième organe de préchauffage (3b) adjacent au premier organe (3a) et dont une des faces est orientée vers la bande,
  • Une passe descendante de la bande,
  • Une quatrième nappe (3b2) appartenant au deuxième organe de préchauffage (3b) et dont une des faces est orientée vers la bande.
In this example, therefore, successively in the direction of progression of the band is:
  • A first web (3a1) belonging to a first preheating member (3a) and one of whose faces is directed towards the web,
  • A rising pass from the band,
  • A second sheet (3a2) belonging to the first preheating member (3a) and one of whose faces is directed towards the strip,
  • A third sheet (3b1) belonging to a second preheating member (3b) adjacent to the first member (3a) and one of the faces of which faces towards the strip,
  • A descending pass of the band,
  • A fourth sheet (3b2) belonging to the second preheating member (3b) and one of whose faces is oriented towards the strip.

Entre les nappes (3a1) et (3a2) ainsi qu'entre les nappes (3b1) et (3b2), la bande en défilement est soumise respectivement au rayonnement des deux organes de préchauffage (3a - 3b).Between the plies (3a1) and (3a2) and between the plies (3b1) and (3b2), the moving strip is subjected respectively to the radiation of the two preheating members (3a - 3b).

Entre les nappes (3a2) et (3b1), un volume de gaz neutre est soumis à un réchauffage par les faces adjacentes du premier et du deuxième organe de préchauffage.Between the layers (3a2) and (3b1), a volume of neutral gas is subjected to heating by the adjacent faces of the first and second preheating member.

Dans cet exemple de la figure 3, les tubes de préchauffage sont disposés de telle sorte qu'un interstice de dimension comprise entre 1/4 et 1/40 de leur distance à la bande soit ménagé entre leurs ailettes radiantes externes respectives et un exhausteur (42) assure une circulation forcée du gaz neutre entre une gaine d'extraction (43) et une gaine de soufflage (44) alimentant l'espace situé entre les nappes (3a2 - 3b1) des deux organes de préchauffage adjacents (3a - 3b). Le gaz est réchauffé par convection entre ces deux nappes et est soufflé sur la surface de la bande par les interstices ménagés entre les ailettes radiantes (314). La gaine de soufflage (44) peut être divisée en autant de branches qu'il est nécessaire pour assurer le soufflage du gaz neutre en autant d'espaces situés entre l'ensemble des organes de préchauffage adjacents que comporte l'enceinte de préchauffage.In this example of the figure 3 , the preheating tubes are arranged such that a gap of size between 1/4 and 1/40 of their distance from the strip is formed between their respective outer radiating fins and an exhauster (42) ensures a forced circulation of the neutral gas between an extraction duct (43) and a blowing duct (44) supplying the space between the plies (3a2 - 3b1) of the two adjacent preheating members (3a - 3b). The gas is convectively heated between these two layers and is blown onto the surface of the strip by the interstices between the radiating fins (314). The blowing duct (44) can be divided into as many branches as is necessary to ensure the blowing of the neutral gas in as many spaces between the set of adjacent preheating elements that comprises the preheating chamber.

Afin d'augmenter encore les échanges par convection et rayonnement avec la bande, les parois et le gaz de l'enceinte, une ou plusieurs nappes peuvent être ajoutées entre les nappes représentées sur la figure 3.In order to further increase the convection and radiation exchanges with the band, the walls and the gas of the enclosure, one or more layers can be added between the layers represented on the figure 3 .

La figure 4 décrit un autre exemple d'arrangement de deux organes de préchauffage (3a, 3b). Chaque organe de réchauffage comporte deux nappes constituées d'une pluralité de tubes (31), chacune des nappes étant disposée au plus près de chacune des deux faces de la bande qui défile sur des rouleaux (41) en au moins deux passes verticales. Chaque organe de préchauffage assure donc le réchauffage d'une passe montante (pour 3a) ou descendante (pour 3b) de la bande (B) défilant dans l'enceinte de préchauffage (4).The figure 4 discloses another example of arrangement of two preheating members (3a, 3b). Each heating member comprises two plies consisting of a plurality of tubes (31), each of the plies being disposed closer to each of the two faces of the strip which runs on rollers (41) in at least two vertical passes. Each preheating member thus ensures the heating of a rising pass (for 3a) or descending (for 3b) of the strip (B) running in the preheating chamber (4).

Dans cet exemple on trouve donc, successivement dans le sens de progression de la bande :

  • Une première nappe (3a1) appartenant à un premier organe de préchauffage (3a) et dont une des faces est orientée vers la bande,
  • Une passe montante de la bande,
  • Une deuxième nappe (3a2) appartenant au premier organe de préchauffage (3a) et dont une des faces est orientée vers la bande,
  • Une troisième nappe (3b1) appartenant à un deuxième organe de préchauffage (3b) adjacent au premier organe (3a) et dont une des faces est orientée vers la bande,
  • Une passe descendante de la bande,
  • Une quatrième nappe (3b2) appartenant au deuxième organe de préchauffage (3b) et dont une des faces est orientée vers la bande.
In this example, therefore, successively in the direction of progression of the band is:
  • A first web (3a1) belonging to a first preheating member (3a) and one of whose faces is directed towards the web,
  • A rising pass from the band,
  • A second sheet (3a2) belonging to the first preheating member (3a) and one of whose faces is directed towards the strip,
  • A third sheet (3b1) belonging to a second preheating member (3b) adjacent to the first member (3a) and one of the faces of which faces towards the strip,
  • A descending pass of the band,
  • A fourth sheet (3b2) belonging to the second preheating member (3b) and one of whose faces is oriented towards the strip.

Entre les nappes (3a1) et (3a2) ainsi qu'entre les nappes (3b1) et (3b2), la bande en défilement est soumise respectivement au rayonnement des deux organes de préchauffage (3a - 3b).Between the plies (3a1) and (3a2) and between the plies (3b1) and (3b2), the moving strip is subjected respectively to the radiation of the two preheating members (3a - 3b).

Entre les nappes (3a2) et (3b1), un volume de gaz neutre est soumis à un réchauffage par les faces adjacentes du premier et du deuxième organe de préchauffage.Between the layers (3a2) and (3b1), a volume of neutral gas is subjected to heating by the adjacent faces of the first and second preheating member.

Dans cet exemple de la figure 4, les tubes de préchauffage sont disposés de telle sorte qu'aucun interstice notable ne subsiste entre eux. Un exhausteur (42) assure une circulation forcée du gaz neutre entre une gaine d'extraction (43) et deux gaines de soufflage (44a - 44b) alimentant des buses de soufflage (441) soufflant le gaz neutre réchauffé sur la surface de la bande selon une incidence presque tangente et une direction opposée au sens de son défilement. La gaine d'extraction (43) capte le gaz neutre réchauffé entre les nappes (3a2) et (3b1). La gaine de soufflage (44) peut être divisée en autant de branches qu'il est nécessaire pour assurer le soufflage du gaz neutre en autant de passes montantes ou descendantes de bande que comporte l'enceinte de préchauffage.In this example of the figure 4 the preheating tubes are arranged in such a way that no noticeable gaps remain between them. An exhauster (42) ensures a forced circulation of the neutral gas between an extraction duct (43) and two blower ducts (44a-44b) supplying blowing nozzles (441) blowing the heated neutral gas onto the surface of the strip at an almost tangent incidence and a direction opposite to the direction of its scrolling. The extraction duct (43) captures the heated neutral gas between the plies (3a2) and (3b1). The blowing duct (44) can be divided into as many branches as is necessary to ensure the blowing of the neutral gas in as many upstream or downstream band passes that includes the preheating chamber.

Afin d'augmenter encore les échanges par convection et rayonnement avec la bande, les parois et le gaz de l'enceinte, une ou plusieurs nappes peuvent être ajoutées entre les nappes représentées sur la figure 4.In order to further increase the convection and radiation exchanges with the band, the walls and the gas of the enclosure, one or more layers can be added between the layers represented on the figure 4 .

La figure 5 décrit deux exemples de construction de tubes de préchauffage (31). En 5a, la longueur des ailettes récupératives internes (313) a été augmentée afin d'améliorer l'échange avec les gaz brûlés circulant à l'intérieur du tube. En 5b, l'adjonction d'un tube (315) concentrique au tube (31) améliore également l'échange avec les gaz brûlés et, à débit identique, augmente leur vitesse de circulation.The figure 5 describes two examples of construction of preheating tubes (31). In 5a, the length of the internal recuperative fins (313) has been increased to improve the exchange with the flue gases circulating inside the tube. In 5b, the addition of a tube (315) concentric to the tube (31) also improves the exchange with the flue gases and, at the same rate, increases their circulation speed.

La figure 6 décrit une possibilité de constitution modulaire des nappes de tubes de préchauffage permettant de faciliter leur remplacement. Le nombre de tubes constitutifs d'un élément de nappe peut varier en fonction des besoins et l'exemple de la figure où sont représentés quatre tubes n'est pas limitatif. Chaque élément de nappes est constitué d'une pluralité de tubes (31), chacun étant équipé de deux ailettes (314). Les gaz brûlés circulent entre une entrée et une sortie à l'intérieur des tubes (31) raccordés entre eux par des collecteurs (316). La nappe est supportée par une plaque de fixation (318) fixée de manière amovible sur la paroi (45a) de l'enceinte (4) et par au moins un tenon (317) prenant appui dans l'autre paroi (45b). Des organes (319) de solidarisation des différents éléments permettent de donner à la nappe la rigidité nécessaire à son usage et à ses manutentions. Une telle disposition est réalisable avec des tubes sans ailettes ou avec ailettes ainsi que représenté sur la figure.The figure 6 describes a possibility of modular constitution of the preheating tube plies to facilitate their replacement. Number of constituent tubes of a web element may vary according to the needs and the example of the figure in which four tubes are shown is not limiting. Each element of plies consists of a plurality of tubes (31), each being equipped with two fins (314). The flue gas flows between an inlet and an outlet inside the tubes (31) connected together by collectors (316). The sheet is supported by a fixing plate (318) removably attached to the wall (45a) of the enclosure (4) and by at least one pin (317) bearing in the other wall (45b). Members (319) for securing the various elements make it possible to give the sheet the rigidity necessary for its use and its handling. Such an arrangement is achievable with tubes without fins or with fins as shown in the figure.

Cette disposition permet une totale interchangeabilité des nappes de tubes de réchauffage avec des tubes radiants classiques équipés de brûleurs. Ainsi le procédé selon l'invention peut se substituer de manière économique à un préchauffage par tubes radiants sur une installation existante.This arrangement allows a total interchangeability of the plies of heating tubes with conventional radiant tubes equipped with burners. Thus the process according to the invention can be economically substituted for preheating by radiant tubes on an existing installation.

Par rapport à l'état de la technique, l'invention présente de nombreux avantages :

  • Pas de nécessité d'utiliser d'échangeurs externes à l'installation.
  • Pas de nécessité de diluer les gaz brûlés avant leur introduction dans les circuits de réchauffage.
  • Chauffage par convection sans contact direct de la bande avec les gaz brûlés.
  • Important effet de chauffage de la bande par radiation.
  • Constitution de l'installation très simple, à base de tubes à ailettes dont la fabrication est facile et qui peut être facilement automatisée.
  • Flexibilité d'arrangement des positions de tubes, de distance entre tubes et entre tube et surface de bande par socle de maintien simple.
  • Nappes de tubes de réchauffage facilement interchangeables à partir de l'extérieur de l'enceinte de préchauffage. Tubes possiblement amovibles. Imbrication aisée inter-tubes ou inter-nappes par collecteurs.
  • Nappes de tubes de réchauffage interchangeables avec des tubes radiants.
  • Gaz évacués très refroidis n'exigeant pas d'exhausteurs capable de résister à de hautes températures (avantage identique aux installations avec échangeur externe mais sans en avoir les inconvénients).
Compared to the state of the art, the invention has many advantages:
  • No need to use exchangers external to the installation.
  • No need to dilute the flue gases before their introduction into the heating circuits.
  • Convection heating without direct contact of the strip with the flue gases.
  • Important heating effect of the band by radiation.
  • Constitution of the very simple installation, based on finned tubes whose manufacture is easy and which can be easily automated.
  • Flexibility of arrangement of tube positions, distance between tubes and between tube and strip surface by single holding base.
  • Heating tube covers easily interchangeable from outside the preheating chamber. Tubes possibly removable. Easy interleaving inter-tubes or inter-layers by collectors.
  • Interchangeable heating tube sheets with radiant tubes.
  • Extremely cooled evacuated gases that do not require exhausters capable of withstanding high temperatures (identical advantage to installations with external exchanger but without the disadvantages).

Claims (16)

  1. Equipment for preheating a continuously moving steel strip (B) in a preheating chamber (4) including a preheating circuit (3) consisting of at least one preheating tube, the inner surface of which is in contact with externally recovered burnt gases,
    characterised in that at least one external radiant fin (314) of the outer surface of said preheating tube is arranged directly opposite a surface of the strip in order to provide a first preheating mode by thermal radiation onto the strip and the walls of the chamber and a second preheating mode, by convection, of a gas constituting a controlled atmosphere in the preheating chamber.
  2. Preheating equipment according to claim 1 capable of being positioned prior to feeding said strip into a continuous annealing or galvanising furnace wherein the burnt gases are recovered in direct flame burners or radiant tubes used for heating or maintaining the temperature of said strip in the furnace and including:
    - ducting of said gases from the furnace to the strip preheating unit inserted into the preheating chamber under a controlled atmosphere,
    - an evacuation device to extract the gases from the preheating chamber, for example in the form of an exhauster and a chimney.
  3. Preheating equipment according to claim 1 or 2
    characterised in that a plurality of preheating tubes, arranged side by side, form at least one layer parallel to the strip and directly opposite at least one of the faces of the strip.
  4. Preheating equipment according to one of claims 1 to 3
    characterised in that the strip undergoes a vertical movement in at least one pass between rollers situated below and above the chamber and that at least one layer of preheating tubes is directly opposite a face of each rising or falling pass of the strip.
  5. Preheating equipment according to claims 3 or 4
    characterised in that at least two layers of preheating tubes, each directly opposite one of the two faces of the strip, concomitantly provide for the heating of the two faces of each rising or falling pass of the strip.
  6. Preheating equipment according to one of claims 3 to 5
    characterised by the layers of preheating tubes consisting of a plurality of tubes connected together by manifolds which can be integrated with the adjacent ends of the tubes.
  7. Preheating equipment according to one of claims 3 to 6
    characterised in that each layer of preheating tubes is supported in the chamber by fixing units compatible with those of the radiant tubes with which said layers are interchangeable.
  8. Preheating equipment according to one of claims 1 to 7
    characterised in that at least two preheating tubes are positioned so that an interstice between them is between zero and 1/40 of the distance of said tubes from the strip.
  9. Preheating equipment according to claims 1 to 7
    characterised in that at least two preheating tubes are positioned so that an interstice is arranged between two successive tubes, the ratio between the tubes / strip distance and the width of the interstice being between 4 and 40.
  10. Preheating equipment according to claim 9
    characterised in that the ratio between the spacing of successive tubes in the layer and the tubes / strip distance is between 1 and 5.
  11. Preheating equipment according to one of claims 9 or 10 characterised in that forced circulation of the chamber gas is provided between at least one recovery point in the chamber and at least one space situated between adjacent banks of preheating tubes directly opposite one another.
  12. Preheating equipment according to claims 9 or 11
    characterised in that the chamber gas, heated between adjacent banks of preheating tubes directly opposite one another, is blown orthogonally over the surface of the strip through the interstices arranged between successive tubes.
  13. Preheating equipment according to one of claims 1 to 8 characterised in that forced circulation of the chamber gas is provided between at least two adjacent banks of preheating tubes directly opposite one another and at least one point of blowing over the surface of the strip.
  14. Preheating equipment according to claim 13
    characterised in that the chamber gas is blown over the surface of the strip counter to the direction of movement of the strip, ideally through blowing buses.
  15. Preheating equipment according to one of claims 1 to 14 characterised in that each preheating tube is fitted with at least one internal recovery fin.
  16. Preheating equipment according to one of claims 1 to 15 characterised in that it comprises separation means coupled to a fixing unit and means for isolating each layer of tubes.
EP10715131.8A 2009-12-15 2010-03-25 Equipment for preheating a continuously moving steel strip Active EP2513582B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10715131.8A EP2513582B1 (en) 2009-12-15 2010-03-25 Equipment for preheating a continuously moving steel strip

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09290941 2009-12-15
EP10715131.8A EP2513582B1 (en) 2009-12-15 2010-03-25 Equipment for preheating a continuously moving steel strip
PCT/EP2010/053908 WO2011072883A1 (en) 2009-12-15 2010-03-25 Equipment and method for preheating a continuously moving steel strip

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EP (1) EP2513582B1 (en)
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BR112012014451A2 (en) 2017-03-07
BR112012014451B1 (en) 2018-04-24
EP2513582A1 (en) 2012-10-24
BR112012014451A8 (en) 2017-03-21
CN102686965A (en) 2012-09-19
WO2011072883A1 (en) 2011-06-23
TR201807600T4 (en) 2018-06-21
US20120264073A1 (en) 2012-10-18
CN102686965B (en) 2016-02-17
US9631867B2 (en) 2017-04-25

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