EP2510262A1

EP2510262A1 - Mono-rail shifting device

Info

Publication number: EP2510262A1
Application number: EP10776979A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Ulrich Fritschle; Gerhard HÖRING; Ulrich Stracke
Original assignee: ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Current assignee: ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority date: 2009-12-09
Filing date: 2010-11-03
Publication date: 2012-10-17
Also published as: DE102009047715A1; WO2011069749A1; US20120247255A1; CN102652236A

Abstract

The invention relates to a mono-rail shifting device (1) for a multi-gear transmission, comprising a gear shift rail (2), a shifting element (3), and a selection element (5). The gear shift rail (2) is arranged in a transmission housing (10) in an axially displaceable manner, and the shifting element (3) is rigidly connected to the gear shift rail (2) in the axial direction. The shifting element (3) selectively transmits an axial shifting motion to one of a plurality of shift fork arms (6, 7, 8). The selection element (5) is fixed to the housing in relation to the transmission housing (10) in the axial direction. The shifting element (3) and the selection element (5) can be pivoted together about a central axis (11). According to the invention, a shifting position detent (18) is provided, which is effective between the shifting element (3) and the selection element (5). Furthermore, the invention relates to a multi-gear transmission comprising a corresponding mono-rail shifting device.

Description

MONORAIL SWITCHING DEVICE

The present invention relates to a monorail switching device for a multi-speed manual transmission according to the preamble of claim 1 and a transmission according to claim 10.

It is known to automate switching processes in multi-speed manual transmissions, wherein the movements of the switching elements are not performed manually, but by actuators. For this purpose, single-rail circuits are also known in which only one shift actuator is used for shifting the gears in combination with a selection actuator for selecting the respectively desired shift gate. For example, DE 10 2005 001 551 A1 describes a monorail switching device with only one switching actuator and one selection actuator. The selection movement is kinematically decoupled from the switching movement, so that the shift rail does not move during the selection movement to select the desired shift gate. For switching the gears, the shift rail is displaced by the shift actuator in the axial direction. The switching movement of the shift rail in the axial direction is transmitted via an axially fixedly connected to the shift rail shift finger on a selected Schaltgabelarm and further on an associated shift rocker or shift fork. The shift rockers or shift forks engage in sliding sleeves, which in turn are displaceable for switching the gears between a non-switched neutral position and at least one switching position. In the switching position, the drive torque is transmitted via one of the respective sliding sleeve associated gear set.

The kinematic decoupling of the selection movement from the switching movement advantageously causes the force required to select the shift gate to be significantly reduced, thus allowing the use of an electromagnetic or electrodynamic selection actuator with smaller dimensions and faster response than, for example, a pneumatic actuator. Smaller dimensions of the selector actuator in turn allow a flexible arrangement of the construction parts on or in the gearbox. Suitable embodiments of an electromagnetic or electrodynamic Wählaktuators are for example in the

DE 10 2005 001 551 A1 and can also be used in connection with the present invention.

For accurate starting and reliable holding the neutral position and / or the switching positions by the shift actuator further detents are known, which are effective on the axially movable shift rail. Such a detent is known for example from DE 10 2005 022 995 A1.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a Einschienenschalteinrich- device for selecting and switching of different gear ratios in a multi-speed manual transmission with a detent for the switching movement, which requires the smallest possible space and is easy to assemble, and a manual transmission with such Specify single-rail switching device.

This object is achieved by a monorail switching device according to claim 1 and by a manual transmission according to claim 10. The dependent claims contain preferred developments of the invention.

Accordingly, a Einschienenschalteinrichtung is claimed for a multi-speed manual transmission with a shift rail, a switching element and a selection element, wherein the shift rail is arranged axially displaceable to a transmission housing. The switching element is fixedly connected in the axial direction with the shift rail and transmits the axial switching movement of the shift rail optionally on one of a plurality of shift fork arms. The selection element is fixed in the axial direction in the transmission housing and rotatably connected to the switching element. The switching element and the selection element are mounted on the shift rail, that both together are pivotable about a common center axis, whereby the selection movement is carried out to select the desired shift gate. According to the invention, a switching position locking is provided, which is effectively arranged between the switching element and the selection element, with which the rail switching device can be latched in at least one neutral position and / or one switching position.

The arrangement of such Schaltstellungsrastierung between the switching element and the selector allows a more compact design of the entire switching device, because the Schaltstellungsrastierung can be provided spatially within the space, which require the switching element and the selector anyway. Furthermore, so before assembly of the transmission, a unit of switching element, selection element and Schaltstellungsrastierung pre-assembled and their interaction can be tested. This unit can optionally be pre-assembled with the shift rail.

A first preferred embodiment of the invention provides that at least one resiliently biased detent element is arranged on the switching element and can be latched into latching recesses provided in the selector element. In this case, the switching element is preferably designed as a switching ring and arranged concentrically to a common center axis on the shift rail. This embodiment allows a compact construction of the switching device, in particular in the axial direction.

A particularly preferred embodiment of the embodiment described above provides that the Rastierelement comprises a helical compression spring, at both ends of which a Rastierhülse is arranged. In this case, the helical compression spring is arranged with the Rastierhülsen in a through hole in the switching ring, so that the Rastierhülsen be pressed in opposite directions from the two ends of the through hole into corresponding locking recesses in the selector element. The locking force acts in tangential direction with respect to the switching ring. The locking forces on the two Rastierhülsen are the same size and directed in opposite directions, so that they cancel out in total and no resulting force on the shift rail, which could affect the switching or dialing.

Another preferred embodiment of the invention provides, contrary to the first embodiment described above, that the prestressed Rastierelement is arranged on the selector element and in at least one latching recess can be latched, which is provided in the switching element. In this case, the selection element preferably has a bush-shaped basic body and is arranged concentrically with the bushing or annular switching element. In this way, the switching and the selection element can be arranged, for example, as two bushings with different diameters concentric with each other and into each other, whereby the required space is further reduced.

The arranged on the Wählbuchse Rastierelement preferably comprises a compression spring whose effective force on the detent force is adjustable by means of a locking screw.

Preferably, the switching element in both embodiments described above, a rigidly arranged on the switching element shift finger, which is selectively brought in force-transmitting connection when selecting the shift gate with one of the shift fork arms. For example, by the shift finger is pivoted into a correspondingly shaped driving groove in the selected Schaltgabelarm.

Preferably, the described embodiments on the selection element on a aligned in the axial direction longitudinal opening through which the shift finger of the switching element is passed. The free end of the shift finger can protrude through the longitudinal opening in the selector element in each case a driving groove of the selected Schaltgabelarmes and so move the selected shift fork or rocker arm for switching a gear in the axial direction in the desired switching position. According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the selection element has a locking element which is rigidly arranged on the selection element, by means of which the respective unselected shift fork arms can be locked in a switching position. For this purpose, for example, adjacent to the longitudinal opening on the selector element a locking element is arranged such that it protrudes in each selection position of the selector in each case in the driving grooves of the non-selected selector fork arms. As a result, these shift fork arms are blocked in their freedom of movement in the axial direction and it is ensured that only one shift fork can be operated in each selection position. Such, for example, integrally with the selection element executed locking element reduced by the lower number of parts the assembly costs, the cost and the required space compared to switching devices with separate arranged locking elements.

Finally, a multi-speed transmission is claimed which has a Einschienenschalteinrichtung invention.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to two preferred embodiments, which are illustrated in the following figures.

The figures show in

1 shows a first embodiment of the monorail switching device according to the invention in a perspective view,

2 shows the monorail switching device from FIG. 1 in a sectional view, in which the sectional plane runs along the central axis,

FIG. 3 shows the monorail switching device from FIG. 1 in a sectional view, in which the sectional plane is perpendicular to the central axis, FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the monorail switching device according to the invention in a sectional representation, in which the sectional plane runs along the central axis and

5 shows the second embodiment of the monorail switching device according to the invention in a sectional view with a section along the section line A-A shown in FIG. 4.

In the monorail switching device 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the shift rail 2 is arranged centrally. The shift rail 2 is arranged within a gearbox, mounted in a housing 10 and slidably disposed in the axial direction relative to the housing 10 by a shift actuator, not shown. The housing 10 may be the transmission housing itself or a housing within the transmission housing.

A switching element 3 is arranged on the shift rail 2 and connected in the axial direction fixed to the shift rail 2. The switching element 3 is designed as a switching ring and arranged freely rotatable about a central axis 1 1 on the shift rail 2. Integral with the switching element 3, a projecting in the radial direction shift finger 4 is executed.

Axially displaceable on the shift rail 2 and also freely rotatable relative to the shift rail 2, a selection element 5 is arranged. The selector element 5 has a Wählfinger 12, with which a not shown Wählaktuator 13 is operatively connected to select by turning the Wählelementes 5 about the central axis 1 1, the desired shift gate. The transmission has at least two shift gates. When turning the Wählelementes 5, the switching element 3 is rotated. This is done via a positive connection between the switching element 3 and selector element 5, which is formed by the shift finger 4 in conjunction with a longitudinal opening 25 in the selector element 5. The shift finger 4 embodied in one piece with the shifting element 3 protrudes in the radial direction through the longitudinal opening 25 in the selection element 5 and is in the axial direction along the longitudinal opening 25 displaceable. The shift finger 4 is designed so broad that it rests on both sides of the inner surfaces of the longitudinal opening 25, so that there is a virtually play-free, positive connection in the direction of rotation and that the switching element 3 at a rotation of the selection element 5 of the shift finger 4 by the same angular amount is turned.

On the shift rail 2, three shift forks 26, 27 and 28 are arranged axially displaceable in this example. There are also versions with a different number of shift forks possible. Each of the shift forks 26, 27 and 28 has a Schaltgabelarm 6, 7, and 8, which is rigidly connected at one end to the associated shift fork and in the region of the other end has a driving groove 29, in which the switching element 3 with its shift finger 4th protrudes at appropriate dialing position.

For axial fixation of the selector element and for supporting locking forces, the selector element 5 has an integrally formed with the selector element 5 approach 14. The projection 14 projects in the installed state in a recess 15 in the transmission housing 10, so that the selection element 5 is held fixed to the housing in the axial direction, but can rotate about the central axis 1 1. For this purpose, the recess 15 is formed, for example, as an arcuate groove with a rectangular cross-section in the transmission housing 10, wherein the groove extends in the direction of rotation of the projection 14.

In another, not shown embodiment of the axial fixing of the selection element 5, the axial guidance of the selection element 5 is effected by a pin. This sits firmly in a hole in the housing and protrudes into a slot in the selector element 5 inside. This slot extends perpendicular to the axis of rotation in the circumferential direction in order to allow a rotation of the selector element 5 about the central axis 1 1. The switching element 3 is easily rotatable in this embodiment via a clearance fit and a snap ring 17, but axially mounted on the shift rail 2. But it can also be stored for example by means of a roller bearing.

The switching element 3 has a through hole 19, in which a part of the switching position latching 18 is arranged. The Schaltstellungsrastierung 18 has a helical compression spring 20, the Rastierhülsen 21 and 22 and the Rastiervertiefungen 1 6a and 1 6b. In the through hole 19 is the helical compression spring 20, at both ends of which a Rastierhülse 21 and 22 is arranged as Rastierelement. The Rastierhülsen 21 and 22 have such a large outer diameter that they are securely guided in the through hole 1 9, but are easily displaced, e.g. by the force of the helical compression spring 20. The selection movement is triggered by a Wählaktuator 13 which acts rigidly on a selector finger 12 and so the selector element together with the switching element 3 about the common central axis 1 1 is rotated.

In the assembled state in a middle switching position, namely the neutral position, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the Rastierhülsen 21 and 22 are pressed by the helical compression spring 20 in the locking recesses 16 a and 1 6 b in the selector 5.

A locking member 9 for locking the unselected shift fork arms 6, 7 and 8, respectively, is shown in FIG. Adjacent to the longitudinal opening 25 through which the shift finger 4 protrudes into the driving groove 29 of the respective selected Schaltgabelarmes 6, 7 and 8, the locking element 9 is rigidly mounted on the selector element 5. In this example, the locking element 9 is made in one piece with the selection element 5.

Figs. 4 and 5 show a second embodiment of the invention. Components which perform the same function in both embodiments are given the same reference number. On the centrally arranged shift rail 2, the switching element 3 is freely rotatably mounted in the form of a switching socket. In the axial direction, the switching element 3 is held by the snap ring 17 on the shift rail 2.

Concentric with the sleeve-shaped switching element 3, the likewise socket-shaped selection element 5 is arranged on the switching element 3. In the axial direction, the switching element 3 is displaceable relative to the selector element 5. The selector element 5 is fixed by its integrally formed projection 14 in the axial direction in the transmission housing 10. However, the selection element 5 can be rotated about a common central axis 1 1 relative to the shift rail 2.

The switching element 3 has a rigidly arranged on the switching element 3 shift finger 4, which protrudes through a longitudinal opening 25 in the selector element 5 in a driving groove 29 of each selected Schaltgabelarmes 6, 7 and 8 into it. The shift finger 4, in conjunction with the longitudinal opening 25 again forms a positive connection for transmitting the selection movement from the selector element 5 to the switching element 4, whereby the selector element 5 performs each rotational movement to select the shift gate together with the switching element 3. The selection movement is triggered here by a Wählaktuator 13, which engages a rigidly arranged on the selector element 5 selection finger 12 and so the selector element 5 together with the switching element 3 about the common center axis 1 1 is rotated.

Also, this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 5, a rigidly arranged on the selector element 5 locking element 9, which engages in the driving grooves of the unselected shift fork arms 6, 7 and 8 and this fixed to the housing, so that in an axial switching movement the shift rail 2 only the respectively selected shift fork 6, 7 or 8 moves with the shift rail 2.

In this second embodiment, the Schaltstellungsrastierung 18 is executed contrary to the Schaltstellungsrastierung in the first embodiment so that a resiliently biased Rastierelement 21 on the selection element 5 angeord- net and in a latching recess 1 6 can be latched, which is arranged in the switching element 3. In this case, the Rastierelement 21 is pressed by a helical compression spring 23 in the locking recess 16, wherein the helical compression spring 23 is biased by a locking screw 24. As an alternative to the closure screw 24, the helical compression spring can be held by a retaining plate or a sealing plug. In FIG. 4, the monorail switching device 1 is latched in the middle neutral position. In addition, however, both switch positions are latched in the illustrated embodiment, as can be seen on the both sides of the detent recess 1 6 arranged two locking recesses. In order to influence the locking force height and the course of the locking force, the locking recesses can also have different depths and shapes, such as, for example, rounded flanks.

The function of the monorail switching device 1 is essentially the same in both described embodiments. For switching a new gear, the selection element 5 and the switching element 3 are first rotated by the Wählaktuator 13 until the shift finger 4 is in the desired driving groove 29 of the selectable Schaltgabelarmes 6, 7 or 8. This selects the desired shift gate. Since the Schaltstellungsrastierung 18 is disposed between the switching element 3 and the selector element 5 and the switching element 3 rotates together with the selector, which remains necessary for selecting the shift gate force remains relatively low and completely unaffected by the Schaltstellungsrastierung 18th

After the desired shift gate is selected, the shift rail 2 is displaced in the axial direction of the shift actuator, not shown. In this case, the shift rail 2 takes the axially fixed to her parts, namely the switching element 3 with the shift finger 4, the selected Schaltgabelarm 6, 7 or 8 with the shift fork 26, 27 or 28 and finally the associated shift sleeve with in the desired switching position. In this switching movement, the locking force of Schaltstellungsrastierung 18 is overcome. With the achievement of the desired switching position engages the Schaltstellungsrastierung 18 in a designated recess recess again. To switch to another gear, the neutral position is initially approached by the shift actuator, then the selection actuator selects the desired shift gate before the shift actuator then switches to the desired target gear.

In the context of this invention, switching position latches are conceivable which latch a neutral position and / or one or more switching positions. Of course, the individual features of the described embodiments can be combined. Thus, the switching element in the first embodiment, for example, also be designed bush-shaped, and conversely, the switching element in the second embodiment are designed as a switching ring.

REFERENCE CHARACTERS

Monorail switching device

shift rail

switching element

shift finger

selector element

Schaltgabelarm

locking element

gearbox

central axis

selecting finger

select actuator

approach

recess

latching depression

a detent recess

b detent recess

snap ring

Schaltstellungsrastierung

Through Hole

Helical compression spring

detent element

Helical compression spring

Screw

longitudinal opening

shift fork

shift fork Shift fork Take-away

Claims

claims

1 . Single-rail switching device (1) for a multi-speed manual transmission with a shift rail (2), a shift element (3) and a selector element (5), wherein the shift rail (2) is arranged axially displaceably in a transmission housing (10), wherein the shift element (3) in the axial direction fixed to the shift rail (2) is connected and an axial switching movement optionally on one of at least two shift fork arms (6, 7, 8) transmits, wherein the selection element (5) in relation to the transmission housing (10) in the axial direction fixed to the housing is arranged, and wherein the switching element (3) and the selection element (5) together about a central axis (1 1) are pivotable,

characterized in that between the switching element (3) and the selector element (5) is effectively arranged Schaltstellungsrastierung (18) is provided.

2. monorail switching device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one resiliently biased Rastierelement (20, 21, 22) is arranged as part of the Schaltstellungsrastierung (18) on the switching element (3) in at least one latching recess (1 6) in the selector element (5) can be latched.

Third rail switching device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the switching element (3) is designed as a switching ring which is arranged on the shift rail (2) concentric with a common central axis (1 1).

4. monorail switching device (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the Schaltstellungsrastierung (18) in a through hole (19) in the switching element (3) perpendicular to the central axis (1 1) is arranged and a helical compression spring (20) comprises, at whose two ends are each a Rastierhülse as Rastierelement (21, 22) is arranged so that the Rastierhülsen (21, 22) in opposite directions in corresponding locking recesses (1 6a, 1 6b) are pressed in the selector element (5).

5. monorail switching device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one resiliently biased Rastierelement (21) on the selector element (5) and in at least one latching recess (1 6) can be latched, which is arranged in the switching element (3).

6. monorail switching device (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the selection element (5) has a bush-shaped base body and is arranged concentrically to the bushing or annular switching element (3).

7. Single rail switching device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching element (3) has a shift finger (4), the axialkraftübertragend with one of the shift fork arms (6, 7, 8) is connectable.

8. monorail switching device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the selection element (5) has an aligned in the axial direction longitudinal opening (25) through which the shift finger (4) of the switching element (3) is passed.

9. monorail switching device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the selector element (5) a locking element (9) is rigidly arranged, whereby the respective unselected shift fork arms (6, 7, 8) can be locked in a switching position.

10. Multi-speed manual transmission, characterized by a Einschienenschalteinrichtung (1) according to one of the preceding claims.