CN114483938A

CN114483938A - Gear selecting and shifting actuating mechanism for transmission and transmission

Info

Publication number: CN114483938A
Application number: CN202011416339.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李晓明; 冯晓明; 钟宏鸣; 周然; 陈树亮; 方晓瑜
Original assignee: Knorr Bremse Commercial Vehicles Systems Shanghai Co ltd; Knorr Braking System Dalian Co ltd
Current assignee: Knorr Bremse Commercial Vehicles Systems Shanghai Co ltd; Knorr Braking System Dalian Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-11
Filing date: 2020-12-04
Publication date: 2022-05-13

Abstract

The invention provides a gear selecting and shifting execution mechanism for a transmission, which comprises a shifting shaft, at least two shifting forks and a gear selecting and shifting assembly, wherein the gear selecting and shifting assembly is used for selecting one shifting fork of the at least two shifting forks and enabling the selected shifting fork to be driven by the shifting shaft to execute gear shifting, and the gear selecting and shifting assembly at least comprises: a sliding sleeve at least partially surrounding the shift shaft and arranged to be rotatable about the shift shaft, the sliding sleeve having a moving groove extending in an axial direction of the shift shaft; and a finger that cooperates with the shift shaft such that the finger is rotatable relative to the shift shaft and drivable by the shift shaft to move in the axial direction, wherein the finger is at least partially disposed in the movement slot such that the finger is not rotatable relative to the sliding sleeve but is movable in the axial direction relative to the sliding sleeve in the movement slot. The invention also provides a transmission. By means of the gear selecting and shifting actuating mechanism, the structure is compact and reliable.

Description

Gear selecting and shifting actuating mechanism for transmission and transmission

Technical Field

The invention relates to a gear selecting and shifting actuating mechanism for a transmission and the transmission.

Background

The mechanical automatic transmission (AMT) is improved on the basis of the traditional manual gear type transmission, not only retains the advantages of high efficiency and low cost of the original gear transmission, but also has all the advantages brought by the automatic gear shifting adopted by the automatic transmission. It is popular with drivers with special economy, convenience, safety and comfort. The gear selection and shift actuator of an automatic mechanical transmission is an important aspect affecting its performance.

However, the currently known gear selecting and shifting actuating mechanism has the defects of complex structure, large volume, low reliability and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to provide an improved gear selection and shift actuator for a transmission and an improved transmission, which make the gear selection and shift actuator compact and reliable.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a shift selection actuator for a transmission, the shift selection actuator comprising a shift shaft, at least two shift forks, and a shift selection assembly for selecting one of the at least two shift forks and enabling the selected shift fork to be driven by the shift shaft to perform a shift, wherein the shift selection assembly comprises at least: a sliding sleeve at least partially surrounding the shift shaft and arranged to be rotatable about the shift shaft, the sliding sleeve having a moving groove extending in an axial direction of the shift shaft; and a finger that cooperates with the shift shaft such that the finger is rotatable relative to the shift shaft and drivable by the shift shaft to move in the axial direction, wherein the finger is at least partially disposed in the movement slot such that the finger is not rotatable relative to the sliding sleeve but is movable in the axial direction relative to the sliding sleeve in the movement slot.

Herein, if not otherwise stated, "axial direction" means an axial direction of the shift shaft, "radial direction" means a radial direction with respect to the shift shaft, and "circumferential direction" means a circumferential direction with respect to the shift shaft, i.e., a direction surrounding the axial direction of the shift shaft.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the displacement groove extends through the sliding sleeve in a radial direction of the gear shift shaft.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the finger has a finger neutral position in the axial direction, the sliding sleeve is rotatable about the shift shaft into at least two selection angle positions when the finger is in the finger neutral position, the number of the selection angle positions corresponding to the number of the shift forks, and the finger cooperates with a respective one of the at least two shift forks when the sliding sleeve is rotated into one of the at least two selection angle positions such that the respective shift fork is movable together with the finger in the axial direction, the respective shift fork being the selected shift fork.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the finger has at least one finger shift position in the axial direction, and when the finger is engaged with the selected fork, the finger can be moved in the axial direction from the finger neutral position to the finger shift position by the drive of the shift shaft and the selected fork is moved in the axial direction to the corresponding fork shift position.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the finger has a first surrounding portion at least partially surrounding the drive shaft and a first radially extending portion extending in a radial direction of the drive shaft.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a shift fork includes: a shift fork main body; a shift fork ring formed at one end of the shift fork body and at least partially surrounding the shift shaft; and the shifting fork pulling plate is provided with a shifting finger matching structure matched with the shifting finger at one side facing the gear shifting shaft.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the finger engagement structure of the shift fork pulling plate comprises a pulling plate slot which extends through the shift fork pulling plate in the circumferential direction of the gear shift shaft, the shift fork pulling plate being arranged such that the finger can be inserted into the pulling plate slot of the selected shift fork when the sliding sleeve is rotated into one of the at least two selected angular positions.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the fork straps of the at least two forks are arranged at different circumferential positions with respect to the gear shift shaft.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the sliding sleeve has a sliding sleeve projection which projects outward in the radial direction on the axial section in which the displacement groove is formed, wherein the sliding sleeve projection partially surrounds the gear shift shaft in the circumferential direction.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the sliding sleeve boss is configured to be able to protrude into the plate slot of the unselected fork.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the thicknesses of the sliding sleeve boss and the finger in the axial direction are respectively less than or equal to the width of the pull plate groove in the axial direction.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the sliding sleeve has an axial locking structure which cooperates with the transmission housing such that the sliding sleeve is fixed in the axial direction but can rotate about the gear shift shaft.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the axial locking structure includes a locking groove at an outer circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve, the locking groove being configured to be capable of cooperating with a locking pin fixed to the transmission case.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the locking groove extends at least partially in the circumferential direction, such that the locking groove cooperates with at least two locking pins on both sides of the drive shaft.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the locking groove is formed on an outer circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve boss.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the gear selection and shift assembly further comprises a sensor carrier to which a sensor for detecting the position of the finger is at least partially fixed, wherein the sensor carrier is at least partially arranged in the moving groove such that the sensor carrier and the sliding sleeve are not rotatable relative to each other, the sensor carrier being arranged such that the sensor carrier and the finger are fixed to each other in the axial direction. It should be understood that, herein, the two are "fixed to each other in the axial direction" means that the two cannot move relative to each other in the axial direction, but do not limit the relationship of movement in other directions.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the sensor holder has a second surrounding portion at least partially surrounding the drive shaft and a second radially extending portion extending in a radial direction of the drive shaft.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first surrounding portion has a first fitting structure, the second surrounding portion has a second fitting structure, and the first fitting structure is fitted with the second fitting structure so that the finger and the sensor holder are fixed to each other in the axial direction.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the gear selection and shift assembly further comprises a fixing device fixed to the transmission housing, the sliding sleeve cooperating with the fixing device such that the sliding sleeve is rotatable relative to the fixing device.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the gear selecting and shifting assembly further comprises a gear selecting self-locking device mounted on the fixing device, the sliding sleeve has a gear selecting self-locking surface on a side facing the gear selecting self-locking device, and the gear selecting self-locking structure is formed at the gear selecting self-locking surface, so that when the sliding sleeve is rotated to one of at least two gear selecting angular positions, the gear selecting self-locking structure and the gear selecting self-locking device are locked with each other and provide a force for blocking the sliding sleeve from rotating.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the gear selection self-locking device includes a first elastic member and a first self-locking piece pressed by the first elastic member toward the gear selection self-locking surface, and the first self-locking piece has a convex curved surface facing the gear selection self-locking surface.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the gear selection self-locking structure comprises at least two self-locking recesses, which are capable of at least partially accommodating the first self-locking block.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the number of the self-locking recesses is the same as the number of the shift forks; and/or the at least two self-locking recesses are equidistant from the shift shaft.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the gear selection shift assembly further comprises a gear selection lever fixed to the sliding sleeve, the gear selection lever being configured to be driven to rotate the sliding sleeve about the gear shift axis.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the gear selector shaft extends in the axial direction of the drive shaft.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the select shift actuator includes a fork self-locking device, the fork includes a fork self-locking structure, and the fork self-locking device and the fork self-locking structure are configured such that when the fork is located at least two fork self-locking positions in the axial direction, the fork self-locking device and the fork self-locking structure are locked to each other and provide a force that hinders the fork from moving in the axial direction.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the at least two fork self-locking positions comprise: the shifting fork can be selected by the gear shifting component when the shifting fork is located at the shifting fork standby position; and at least one fork shift position, when the fork is selected and moved to the fork shift position along the axial position, shifting is effected.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the fork self-locking device includes a second elastic member and a second self-locking piece pressed by the second elastic member in a direction of the fork self-locking structure, the second self-locking piece having a convex curved surface facing the fork self-locking structure.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the fork self-locking structure is formed on the fork ring.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the fork self-locking device is directly or indirectly fixed to the transmission housing.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the rotation of the sliding sleeve and/or the movement of the gear shift shaft is driven by a pneumatic drive.

According to a second aspect of the invention, a transmission is provided, wherein the transmission comprises a gear selection and shift actuator according to the invention.

The invention has the positive effects that: the gear selecting and shifting actuating mechanism for the transmission and the transmission are correspondingly more compact in structure and reliable in function.

Drawings

The principles, features and advantages of the present invention may be better understood by describing the invention in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings comprise:

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic partial perspective view of a select shift actuator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a shift selection actuator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

3A, 3B and 3C schematically illustrate a first finger shift position, a finger neutral position and a second finger shift position of a finger according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic perspective view of a sliding sleeve according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 illustrates a finger according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 illustrates a sensor holder according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention; and

fig. 7 schematically shows the gear selector shaft being driven with the sliding sleeve in three different angular positions.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic partial perspective view of a gear selection shift actuator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 shows a schematic partial section through a gear selection shift actuator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The gear selecting and shifting actuating mechanism is used for a transmission, in particular for a mechanical automatic transmission.

A gear selection actuator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 and 2. The gear selecting and shifting actuator includes a shift shaft 100, at least two forks 200, and a gear selecting and shifting assembly 300 for selecting one fork 200 of the at least two forks 200 and enabling the selected fork 200 to be driven by the shift shaft 100 to perform gear shifting. The gear selecting and shifting assembly 300 at least comprises: a sliding sleeve 302 at least partially surrounding the shift shaft 100 and arranged to be rotatable about the shift shaft 100, the sliding sleeve 302 having a moving groove 3022 (see fig. 4) extending in an axial direction of the shift shaft 100; and a finger 304, the finger 304 cooperating with the shift shaft 100 such that the finger 304 is rotatable relative to the shift shaft 100 and drivable by the shift shaft 100 to move in the axial direction, wherein the finger 304 is at least partially arranged in the moving slot 3022 such that the finger 304 is not rotatable relative to the sliding sleeve 302 but is movable in the moving slot 3022 in the axial direction relative to the sliding sleeve 302.

The gear selecting and shifting actuating mechanism can realize stable gear selecting and shifting, has compact structure and can reduce the required installation space.

The shifting assembly 300 may also include, for example, a sliding bearing 306, and the sliding sleeve 302 may be engaged with the shift shaft 100 via the sliding bearing 306.

The finger 304 may have a finger neutral position in the axial direction. When the finger 304 is in the finger neutral position, the sliding sleeve 302 can be rotated about the shift axis 100 to at least two selected gear angular positions. The number of gear selection angular positions may correspond to the number of shift forks 200. In this embodiment, the gear selecting and shifting actuator includes three forks 200: a first fork 200a, a second fork 200b and a third fork 200 (for clarity, the third fork 200 is not shown in fig. 1 and 2). Accordingly, the at least two gear selection angular positions may be three gear selection angular positions. It should be appreciated that other numbers of shift forks 200 and gear selection angular positions are possible.

When the sliding sleeve 302 is rotated to one of the at least two gear selection angle positions, the finger 304 is engaged with a corresponding one of the at least two shift forks 200 such that the corresponding shift fork 200 can be moved in the axial direction together with the finger 304, the corresponding shift fork 200 being the selected shift fork 200. Fig. 2 shows the second fork 200b as the selected fork 200, in which the finger 304 is engaged with the second fork 200 b.

The finger 304 may have at least one finger shift position in the axial direction. When the finger 304 is engaged with the selected fork 200, the finger 304 can be moved in the axial direction from the finger neutral position to the finger shift position by the driving of the shift shaft 100, and the selected fork 200 is moved in the axial direction to the corresponding fork shift position to effect a shift. The at least one finger shift position is, for example, two finger shift positions including a first finger shift position and a second finger shift position. Accordingly, each fork 200 has two fork shift positions including a first fork shift position and a second fork shift position. Fig. 2 shows the second fork 200b being moved to the first fork shift position of the second fork 200 b.

Fig. 3A, 3B and 3C schematically illustrate a first finger shift position, a finger neutral position and a second finger shift position of a finger 304 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3B shows the finger 304 in a finger neutral position. Here, the slide sleeve 302 is rotated about the shift shaft 100 to a selected gear angle position corresponding to the second fork 200b, and the finger 304 engages with the second fork 200 b. At this time, the second fork 200b becomes the selected fork 200. The unselected forks 200 may engage the sliding sleeve 302 such that the unselected forks 200 cannot move in an axial direction relative to the sliding sleeve 302. The shift shaft 100 is movable in the axial direction and moves the finger 304 and thus the second fork 200b together in the axial direction. The shift fork 200 is movable with the shift shaft 100 in a first axial direction to a first fork shift position, as shown in fig. 3A. The fork 200 is movable with the shift shaft 100 in a second axial direction opposite the first axial direction to a second fork shift position, as shown in fig. 3C. The shift shaft 100 may be driven by a pneumatic drive, such as a cylinder assembly. It should be understood that the gear shift shaft 100 may also be driven by other means, such as by an electric motor or a hydraulic drive.

Turning now to fig. 1 and 2. According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the shift fork 200 may include: a fork body 202; a fork ring 204, the fork ring 204 being formed at one end of the fork body 202 and at least partially surrounding the shift shaft 100; and a fork puller plate 206, the fork ring 204 extending from the fork body 202 in an axial direction, the fork puller plate 206 having a finger engaging structure at a side facing the shift shaft 100 for engaging the finger 304. The fork puller plate 206 may extend from the fork body 202 in a direction toward the select shift assembly 300 and be disposed at a position radially outward relative to the select shift assembly 300. As shown in fig. 1, the fork straps 206 of the at least two forks 200 are arranged at different circumferential positions with respect to the shift shaft 100.

As shown in fig. 2, the finger engagement structure of the shift fork pulling plate 206 may include a pulling plate groove 2062, the pulling plate groove 2062 penetrates the shift fork pulling plate 206 in the circumferential direction of the shift shaft 100, and the shift fork pulling plate 206 is arranged such that the finger 304 protrudes into the pulling plate groove 2062 of the selected shift fork 200 when the sliding sleeve 302 is rotated to one of the at least two selected shift angle positions. Thereby, the fitting between the finger 304 and the shift fork 200 can be formed in a structurally simple and stable manner, so that the finger 304 can rotate relative to the shift fork 200 and can move in the axial direction together with the shift fork 200.

The thickness of the finger 304 in the axial direction may be less than or equal to the width of the pull plate groove 2062 in the axial direction, for example. Fig. 2 shows the finger 304 extending into the tab slot 2062 of the second fork 200 b.

It should be understood that the fork puller plate 206 may alternatively or additionally include other forms of finger engagement structures, such as protrusions protruding from the fork puller plate 206. Accordingly, the finger 304 may have a mating structure, such as a recess corresponding to a protrusion.

Figure 4 illustrates a schematic perspective view of a sliding sleeve 302 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the sliding sleeve 302 may be configured substantially in a cylindrical shape, with the axial direction of the cylinder arranged to coincide with the axial direction of the shift shaft 100. The sliding sleeve 302 may have a moving slot 3022 that extends through the sliding sleeve 302 in a radial direction. The displacement slot 3022 divides the axial section of the sliding sleeve 302 in which the displacement slot 3022 is located into two semicircular portions. Of course, the moving groove 3022 may be formed in the sliding sleeve 302 in other manners. For example, the moving groove 3022 may not extend in the radial direction. The moving groove 3022 may also not penetrate the sliding sleeve 302 in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction.

The sliding sleeve 302 may have a sliding sleeve boss 3024 protruding outward in the radial direction on an axial section in which the displacement groove 3022 is formed, wherein the sliding sleeve boss 3024 partially surrounds the shift shaft 100 in the circumferential direction. Sliding sleeve boss 3024 may be configured to block unselected fork 200 to prevent unselected fork 200 from moving in the axial direction. Shift sleeve boss 3024 may be configured to extend into pull plate slot 2062 of shift fork 200, particularly of unselected shift forks 200. The thickness of the sliding sleeve boss 3024 in the axial direction may be less than or equal to the width of the pull plate groove 2062 in the axial direction. The thickness of the sliding sleeve boss 3024 in the axial direction may be substantially equal to the thickness of the finger 304 in the axial direction. The sliding sleeve boss 3024, the shift finger 304 and the shift fork pulling plate 206 according to the invention facilitate reliable gear selection and shifting in a particularly compact construction.

When finger 304 is moved out of finger neutral, sliding sleeve 302 will not rotate about shift shaft 100 because sliding sleeve boss 3024 (shown in phantom in fig. 2) blocks the selected shift fork 200.

The sliding sleeve 302 may have an axial locking structure that cooperates with a transmission housing (not shown in the figures) such that the sliding sleeve 302 is fixed in the axial direction but rotatable about the shift shaft 100. The axial locking structure includes, for example, a locking groove 3026 at an outer circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve 302, the locking groove 3026 being configured to be able to cooperate with a lock pin 308 (see fig. 7) fixed to the transmission case. The locking slot 3026 may have a curved concave surface that may be particularly shaped to accommodate the shape of the locking pin 308. The locking groove 3026 may extend at least partially in the circumferential direction such that the locking groove 3026 cooperates with at least two locking pins 308 on both sides of the drive shaft, which facilitates a stable locking. A locking groove 3026 may be formed on an outer circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve boss 3024. Therefore, the structure of the gear selecting and shifting mechanism can be more compact.

Fig. 5 illustrates a finger 304 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The finger 304 may have a first surrounding portion 3042 that at least partially surrounds the drive shaft and a first radial extension 3044 that extends in a radial direction of the drive shaft.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the gearshift assembly 300 may further include a sensor bracket 310. A sensor for detecting the position of the finger 304 is at least partially secured to the sensor holder 310. The sensor holder 310 is at least partially disposed in the moving groove 3022 such that the sensor holder 310 and the sliding sleeve 302 are not rotatable relative to each other, and the sensor holder 310 is disposed such that the sensor holder 310 and the finger 304 are fixed to each other in the axial direction.

FIG. 6 illustrates a sensor holder 310 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention. The sensor holder 310 has a second surrounding portion 3102 that at least partially surrounds the drive shaft and a second radially extending portion 3104 that extends in the radial direction of the drive shaft.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in one embodiment of the invention, the first surrounding portion 3042 of the finger 304 has a first mating structure 3046, the second surrounding portion 3102 of the sensor holder 310 has a second mating structure 3106, and the first mating structure 3046 mates with the second mating structure 3106 such that the finger 304 and the sensor holder 310 are fixed to each other in the axial direction. The first and

second mating structures

3046 and 3106, respectively, may be configured in mating concavo-convex shapes with one another.

The shift shaft 100 may have a first shift shaft recess into which the finger 304, in particular the first surrounding portion 3042 of the finger 304, is fitted. Alternatively or additionally, the shift shaft 100 can have a second shift shaft recess into which the sensor holder 310, in particular the second surrounding portion 3102 of the sensor holder 310, is fitted.

The shift shaft 100 may have a shift shaft recess 102 surrounding the entire circumference of the shift shaft 100 in the circumferential direction, the finger 304 and the sensor holder 310 fitting into the shift shaft recess 102.

Returning again to fig. 1 and 2. In an exemplary embodiment according to the present invention, the gearshift assembly 300 further includes a fixing device 312 fixed to the transmission housing, and the sliding sleeve 302 cooperates with the fixing device 312 such that the sliding sleeve 302 can rotate relative to the fixing device 312. The sliding sleeve 302 cooperates with the securing device 312, for example, by means of a sliding bearing.

The gear selecting and shifting assembly 300 further comprises, for example, a gear selecting and self-locking device 314 mounted on the fixing device 312, the sliding sleeve 302 has a gear selecting and self-locking surface 3028 on a side facing the gear selecting and self-locking device 314, and a gear selecting and self-locking structure is formed at the gear selecting and self-locking surface 3028, so that when the sliding sleeve 302 is rotated to one of the at least two gear selecting angular positions, the gear selecting and self-locking structure and the gear selecting and self-locking device 314 are locked with each other and provide a force for blocking the rotation of the sliding sleeve 302. Thereby, the sliding sleeve 302 can be accurately positioned. The sliding sleeve 302 can be reliably held at a desired angular position. This is particularly advantageous in the case of pneumatically driven rotation of the sliding sleeve 302.

The gear selecting self-locking device 314 may include, for example, a first elastic member and a first self-locking piece pressed by the first elastic member toward the gear selecting self-locking surface 3028, and the first self-locking piece has a convex curved surface facing the gear selecting self-locking surface 3028. The first elastic member is, for example, a coil spring. The first self-locking block is, for example, spherical. The gear selecting self-locking structure may comprise at least two self-locking recesses capable of at least partially receiving the first self-locking block. The number of the self-locking recesses may be the same as the number of the shift forks 200. The at least two self-locking recesses may be formed to be equidistant with respect to the shift shaft 100.

The gear selection assembly 300 can also include a gear selection lever 316 fixed to the sliding sleeve 302, the gear selection lever 316 configured to be driven to rotate the sliding sleeve 302 about the gear shift axis 100. The selector shaft 316 extends, for example, in the axial direction of the drive shaft. The gear selector shaft 316 may be driven by a pneumatic drive, such as a cylinder assembly. It should be understood that the gear selector shaft 316 may also be driven by other means, for example by an electric motor or hydraulic drive. Fig. 7 schematically shows that the selector shaft 316 is driven and brings the sliding sleeve 302 into three different angular positions.

The gear selecting and shifting actuator may further include a fork self-locking device 400. The fork 200 correspondingly includes a fork self-locking structure 208. The fork self-locking device 400 and the fork self-locking structure 208 are configured such that when the fork 200 is located at least two fork self-locking positions in the axial direction, the fork self-locking device 400 and the fork self-locking structure 208 can be locked to each other and provide a force that hinders the fork 200 from moving in the axial direction. The at least two fork self-locking positions may include: when the shifting fork 200 is located at the shifting fork candidate position, the shifting fork 200 can be selected by the shifting assembly 300; and at least one fork shift position. The standby position of the shifting fork corresponds to the neutral position of the shifting finger. For example, when shift fork 200 is in the fork ready position, pull plate slot 2062 of shift fork 200 is in the same axial position as finger 304 in the finger neutral position and/or as sliding sleeve boss 3024.

The fork self-locking device 400 includes, for example, a second elastic member 402 and a second self-locking block 404 pressed by the second elastic member 402 in a direction of the fork self-locking structure 208, the second self-locking block 404 having a convex curved surface facing the fork self-locking structure 208. The second elastic member 402 is, for example, a coil spring. The second self-locking block 404 is, for example, spherical. The fork self-locking device 400 may be directly or indirectly secured to the transmission housing. Fork self-locking structure 208 may be formed on fork ring 204. As shown in fig. 3C, the fork self-locking structure 208 may have, for example, a double hump shape.

Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein in detail, they have been presented for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Various substitutions, alterations, and modifications may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

List of reference numerals

100 shift shaft

102 shift shaft recess

200 shifting fork

200a first fork

200b second fork

202 shifting fork main body

204 Shifting fork ring

206 shifting fork pulling plate

2062 draw plate groove

208 shifting fork self-locking structure

300 select shift assembly

302 sliding sleeve

3022 moving groove

3024 sliding bush boss

3026 locking groove

3028 Gear-selecting self-locking surface

304 finger

3042 the first surrounding part

3044 a first radial extension

3046 the first mating structure

306 slide bearing

308 locking pin

310 sensor holder

3102 the second surround section

3104A second radial extension

3106 second mating structures

312 fixing device

314 gear-selecting self-locking device

316 gear selecting and shifting shaft

400 shifting fork self-locking device

402 second elastic member

404 second self-locking block

Claims

1. Gear selection and shift actuator for a transmission, comprising a shift shaft (100), at least two shift forks (200) and a gear selection and shift assembly (300), the gear selection and shift assembly (300) being adapted to select one shift fork (200) of the at least two shift forks (200) and to enable the selected shift fork (200) to be driven by the shift shaft (100) to perform a gear shift, wherein the gear selection and shift assembly (300) comprises at least:

a sliding sleeve (302), said sliding sleeve (302) at least partially surrounding the shift shaft (100) and arranged to be rotatable around the shift shaft (100), the sliding sleeve (302) having a movement slot (3022) extending in an axial direction of the shift shaft (100); and

a finger (304), the finger (304) cooperating with the shift shaft (100) such that the finger (304) is rotatable relative to the shift shaft (100) and drivable by the shift shaft (100) to move in an axial direction, wherein the finger (304) is at least partially arranged in the movement slot (3022) such that the finger (304) is not rotatable relative to the sliding sleeve (302) but is movable in the movement slot (3022) in the axial direction relative to the sliding sleeve (302).

2. The gear selecting and shifting actuator according to claim 1, wherein the moving slot (3022) penetrates the sliding sleeve (302) in a radial direction of the shift shaft (100).

3. The gear selection and shift actuator according to claim 1, wherein the finger (304) has a finger neutral position in the axial direction, the sliding sleeve (302) is rotatable about the shift shaft (100) into at least two gear selection angular positions when the finger (304) is in the finger neutral position, the number of the gear selection angular positions corresponding to the number of the shift forks (200), the finger (304) cooperates with a respective one (200) of the at least two shift forks (200) when the sliding sleeve (302) is rotated into one of the at least two gear selection angular positions, such that the respective shift fork (200) is movable together with the finger (304) in the axial direction, the respective shift fork (200) being the selected shift fork (200).

4. The gear selection and shift actuator according to claim 3, wherein the finger (304) has at least one finger shift position in the axial direction, and when the finger (304) is engaged with the selected fork (200), the finger (304) is movable in the axial direction from the finger neutral position to the finger shift position by the driving of the shift shaft (100) and moves the selected fork (200) in the axial direction to the corresponding fork shift position.

5. The gear selection actuator of claim 1, wherein the finger (304) has a first surrounding portion (3042) at least partially surrounding the drive shaft and a first radially extending portion (3044) extending in a radial direction of the drive shaft.

6. The gear selection and shift actuator according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the shift fork (200) comprises:

a fork body (202);

a fork ring (204), the fork ring (204) being formed at one end of the fork body (202) and at least partially surrounding the shift shaft (100); and

a shift fork pulling plate (206), the shift fork ring (204) extends from the shift fork main body (202) along the axial direction, and the shift fork pulling plate (206) is provided with a shifting finger matching structure matched with the shifting finger (304) at one side facing the shift shaft (100).

7. The gear selection and shift actuator according to claim 6, wherein the finger engagement structure of the shift fork strap (206) includes a strap slot (2062), the strap slot (2062) extending through the shift fork strap (206) in a circumferential direction of the shift shaft (100), the shift fork strap (206) being arranged such that the finger (304) can protrude into the strap slot (2062) of the selected shift fork (200) when the sliding sleeve (302) is rotated to one of the at least two selected angular positions.

8. The gear selection and shift actuator according to claim 6, wherein the fork straps (206) of the at least two forks (200) are arranged at different circumferential positions with respect to the shift shaft (100).

9. The gearshift actuator according to any of claims 1-8, wherein the sliding sleeve (302) has a sliding sleeve boss (3024) on an axial section in which the shift slot (3022) is formed, which projects outwards in the radial direction, wherein the sliding sleeve boss (3024) partially surrounds the gearshift shaft (100) in the circumferential direction.

10. The gear selection and shift actuator according to claim 9, wherein the sliding sleeve boss (3024) is configured to be able to protrude into the pull plate groove (2062) of the non-selected shift fork (200).

11. The gear selection actuator of claim 10, wherein the thicknesses of the sliding sleeve boss (3024) and the finger (304) in the axial direction are respectively less than or equal to the width of the pull plate groove (2062) in the axial direction.

12. The gearshift actuator of any of claims 1-11, wherein the sliding sleeve (302) has an axial detent structure that cooperates with the transmission housing such that the sliding sleeve (302) is fixed in an axial direction but rotatable about the shift shaft (100).

13. The gear selection shift actuator of claim 12, wherein the axial locking structure includes a locking slot (3026) at an outer circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve (302), the locking slot (3026) configured to mate with a locking pin (308) secured to the transmission housing.

14. The gear selection actuator according to claim 13, wherein the locking slot (3026) extends at least partially in the circumferential direction such that the locking slot (3026) cooperates with at least two locking pins (308) on both sides of the drive shaft.

15. The gearshift actuator of claim 13, wherein a detent groove (3026) is formed on an outer circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve boss (3024).

16. The gearshift actuator of any of claims 1-15, wherein the gearshift assembly (300) further comprises a sensor bracket (310), a sensor for detecting a position of the finger (304) being at least partially fixed to the sensor bracket (310), wherein the sensor bracket (310) is at least partially disposed in the shift slot (3022) such that the sensor bracket (310) and the sliding sleeve (302) are not rotatable relative to each other, the sensor bracket (310) being disposed such that the sensor bracket (310) and the finger (304) are fixed to each other in the axial direction.

17. The gear selection actuator according to claim 16, wherein the sensor bracket (310) has a second surrounding portion (3102) at least partially surrounding the drive shaft and a second radially extending portion (3104) extending in a radial direction of the drive shaft.

18. The gear selection and shift actuator according to claim 17, wherein the first surrounding portion (3042) has a first mating structure (3046), the second surrounding portion (3102) has a second mating structure (3106), and the first mating structure (3046) mates with the second mating structure (3106) such that the finger (304) and the sensor holder (310) are fixed to each other in the axial direction.

19. The gear selection and shift actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the gear selection and shift assembly (300) further comprises a fixing device (312) fixed to the transmission housing, the sliding sleeve (302) cooperating with the fixing device (312) such that the sliding sleeve (302) is rotatable relative to the fixing device (312), wherein the gear selection and shift assembly (300) further comprises a gear selection self-locking device (314) mounted on the fixing device (312), the sliding sleeve (302) having a gear selection self-locking surface (3028) on a side facing the gear selection self-locking device (314), the gear selection self-locking structure being formed at the gear selection self-locking surface (3028) such that when the sliding sleeve (302) is rotated to one of at least two gear selection angular positions, the gear selection self-locking structure and the gear selection self-locking device (314) are locked to each other and provide a force resisting the rotation of the sliding sleeve (302).

20. The gear selection shift actuator according to claim 19, wherein the gear selection self-locking device (314) comprises a first resilient member and a first self-locking piece pressed by the first resilient member in the direction of the gear selection self-locking face (3028), the first self-locking piece having a convexly curved surface facing the gear selection self-locking face (3028).

21. The gear selection and shift actuator of claim 20, wherein the gear selection self-locking feature includes at least two self-locking recesses configured to at least partially receive the first self-locking piece.

22. The gear selection and shift actuator of claim 21, wherein,

the number of the self-locking concave parts is consistent with that of the shifting forks (200); and/or

The at least two self-locking recesses are equidistant with respect to the shift shaft (100).

23. The gearshift actuator of any of claims 1-22, wherein the gearshift assembly (300) further comprises a gear selector shaft fixed to the sliding sleeve (302), the gear selector shaft configured to be driven to rotate the sliding sleeve (302) about the gear selector shaft (100).

24. The gear selection and shift actuator of claim 23, wherein the gear selection shaft extends in an axial direction of the drive shaft.

25. The select shift actuator of any one of claims 1-24, wherein the select shift actuator includes a fork self-locking device (400), the fork (200) includes a fork self-locking structure (208), and the fork self-locking device (400) and the fork self-locking structure (208) are configured such that when the fork (200) is in at least two fork self-locking positions in the axial direction, the fork self-locking device (400) and the fork self-locking structure (208) lock with each other and provide a force that resists movement of the fork (200) in the axial direction.

26. The gear selection and shift actuator of claim 25, wherein the at least two fork self-locking positions include: the shifting fork is at a standby position, and when the shifting fork (200) is at the standby position, the shifting fork (200) can be selected by the gear shifting assembly (300); and at least one fork shift position, when the fork (200) is selected and moved to the fork shift position along the axial position, shifting is effected.

27. The gear selection and shift actuator of claim 25, wherein,

the shifting fork self-locking device (400) comprises a second elastic piece (402) and a second self-locking block (404) pressed by the second elastic piece (402) towards the shifting fork self-locking structure (208), wherein the second self-locking block (404) is provided with a convex curved surface facing the shifting fork self-locking structure (208); and/or

A fork self-locking device (400) is directly or indirectly secured to the transmission housing.

28. The gear selection and shift actuator of claim 25, wherein the fork self-locking feature (208) is formed on the fork ring (204).

29. The gearshift actuator of any of claims 1-28, wherein rotation of the sliding sleeve (302) and/or movement of the shift shaft (100) is driven by a pneumatic drive.

30. A transmission, wherein the transmission comprises a gear selection and shift actuator according to any one of claims 1-29.