EP2508832A1 - Plastic plate heat exchanger - Google Patents

Plastic plate heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2508832A1
EP2508832A1 EP12160825A EP12160825A EP2508832A1 EP 2508832 A1 EP2508832 A1 EP 2508832A1 EP 12160825 A EP12160825 A EP 12160825A EP 12160825 A EP12160825 A EP 12160825A EP 2508832 A1 EP2508832 A1 EP 2508832A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
heat exchanger
heat transfer
exchanger according
transfer plates
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EP12160825A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2508832B1 (en
Inventor
Michael Rehberg
Peter Rehberg
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/02—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of carbon, e.g. graphite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/083—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning capable of being taken apart
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0221—Header boxes or end plates formed by stacked elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/027—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes
    • F28F9/0273—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes with multiple holes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plastic plate heat exchanger which comprises a plate stack covered with a front plate and a back plate and sealingly interconnected at the edge, profiled heat transfer plates to form alternately provided for a first fluid and a second fluid flow channels, wherein the heat transfer plates through holes for connection having provided for the respective same fluid flow channels.
  • Heat exchangers made of plastic are characterized by high corrosion resistance, simple and inexpensive production and low weight, but have due to the material used and because of the thickness to achieve sufficient strength greater thermal conductivity or due to the low strength only with low pressures operate.
  • the Indian DE 20 2010 007 615 U1 plastic plate heat exchanger described comprises stacked, manufactured by injection molding heat transfer plates with through holes and a front and a back plate with connecting pipes.
  • the heat transfer plates have on the front and on the back in each case a differently or mirror-symmetrically designed, designed as a flat depression with flow barriers flow channel.
  • the one at the flat edges of a low strength having Heat transfer plates welded or glued plate heat exchangers can only be operated at low pressures.
  • the heat transfer due to the required large thickness of the existing plastic heat transfer plates is comparatively low.
  • plastic heat exchangers are in the US 7004237 B2 , of the EP 0203213 A1 , of the WO 2009 123519 A1 and the EP 2306133 A1 described.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a plate heat exchanger made of plastic, which can be easily and inexpensively manufactured and ensures high pressure resistance and high thermal conductivity.
  • the object is achieved with a trained according to the features of claim 1 plate heat exchanger.
  • the basic idea of the invention is the incorporation of continuous carbon fibers in the heat transfer plates made of plastic, so that on the one hand heat transfer plates with high thermal conductivity are available on the one hand due to the thinness achieved thereby and, on the other hand, the thermal conductivity of the continuous carbon fibers.
  • the identically formed heat transfer plates are with in only one direction oblique to the longitudinal axis extending - an upper and a lower plate level defining - wave crests and troughs as well as a peripheral edge of the plate joint and from this to the plate interior out subsequent circumferential - in relation to the plane of the plate - horizontal connecting region each stacked about a transverse axis plate stacked and fixed to the abutting connecting beads and horizontal connecting portions and at the contact surfaces of crossing peaks and valleys and the abutting high - forming the upper plate level - edge portions of the through holes fixed and sealingly welded or glued together.
  • the simple design and inexpensive manufactured plate heat exchanger is characterized by a high pressure resistance and high heat transfer performance.
  • the heat transfer plates are electrically conductive due to the embedded in the plastic continuous carbon fibers, so that individual heat transfer plates for additional heating of the fluid can be heated by applying a voltage.
  • the connecting beads and the wave crests have a trapezoidal cross-section to achieve a large-area sealing or connecting region between adjacent heat transfer plates.
  • a further embodiment of the invention is at the fluid inlet and outlet of existing between adjacent heat transfer plates flow channel in a low-lying - the lower plate level forming - edge region of opposite through holes arranged the two edge areas mutually supporting and firmly connecting fluid distribution element.
  • the fluid distribution element is designed as a support ring or tie rods and has nozzle-shaped passages for uniform fluid distribution.
  • the wave crests and the troughs for generating a different volume of fluid in adjacent flow channels are formed differently wide.
  • the plate stack covered with the front plate and the back plate is wound in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction with a bandage of fiber-impregnated fibers to further increase the compressive rigidity of the plate heat exchanger.
  • the front and the back plate are convexly curved on the outside in this embodiment. On the outer surfaces of the front and the back plate may also be formed stiffening ribs.
  • a Cyprusisoliermaterial is applied to the outer surface of the plate heat exchanger.
  • the plastic matrix is partially admixed with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or graphene.
  • the heat transfer plates made of a thermoplastic material and are joined together by friction welding.
  • the connection is made by gluing.
  • the plate heat exchanger 1 in the present exemplary embodiment comprises seven identical heat transfer plates 2, a front plate 3, a back plate 4 and four connecting pieces 5 adjoining openings 3 'in the front plate 3 for supplying and discharging a heat-emitting and a heat-absorbing (first and second) fluid.
  • the heat transfer plates 2 are preferably made of a continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic, wherein to increase the - thermal and electrical - conductivity in the plastic matrix carbon nanotubes (CNT) or graphene (a carbon with two-dimensional structure) can be dispersed.
  • CNT plastic matrix carbon nanotubes
  • graphene a carbon with two-dimensional structure
  • the plastic heat transfer plates 2 are electrically conductive by the integrated carbon fibers, so that individual heat transfer plates 2 can be heated by applying a voltage and thus a targeted additional heating of the fluid is possible. Due to the stiffening with continuous carbon fibers also low plate wall thicknesses are possible, so that the heat transfer can also be improved due to this Tatsche.
  • the front plate 3 and the back plate 4 which are highly loaded to the ambient pressure, can be additionally stiffened by molded ribs (not shown) and are convexly curved on the outer surfaces.
  • a longitudinally extending and a transversely extending bandage 6 made of plastic impregnated continuous carbon fibers, so that the existing plastic heat exchanger can be operated with an even higher pressure. Due to the curvature of the front and the rear plate internal pressure forces of the heat exchanger are converted into longitudinal forces in the outer contour and recorded there by longitudinally highly resilient fiber bands. It is also possible, but not shown in the drawing, to overmold the plate heat exchanger 1 with a heat insulating material.
  • the fiber-reinforced heat transfer plates 2 are wave-shaped in only one direction (here at an angle of 45 ° to the longitudinal direction, any angle between 0 and ⁇ 90 ° is possible.)
  • the wave crests 7 and wave troughs 8 have the shape of a trapezoid and are the same (However, it is also conceivable to form the wave crests and the wave troughs of different sizes so that different volumes can be transported in adjacent flow channels of the plate heat exchanger 1, for example in the case of media having different viscosities.)
  • the heat transfer plates 2 have one in the outer edge region encircling trapezoidal connecting bead 9 and an outwardly adjoining horizontal edge portion 10 and an inwardly adjoining circumferential, horizontal connecting portion 15.
  • the previously described - identically formed - heat transfer plates 2 are - each rotated about the transverse axis by 180 ° - stacked on top of each other and at the contact surfaces between two plates, that is, to the abutting horizontal ridge 14 of the trapezoidal circumferential connecting beads 9 and to the Seams 9 to the interior of the plates towards adjacent circumferential horizontal connecting portions 15, at the emanating from the through holes 11 abutting edge portions 11 "and the intersecting contact surfaces 16 of the trapezoidal wave crests 7 by friction welding firmly and sealingly connected to each other.A further connection between the plates also in the area of the fluid distribution elements 12. In addition to the friction welding, the connection and sealing can also take place by means of other welding methods or-in the case of heat transfer plates made of thermosetting plastic-by gluing.
  • the above-described plate heat exchanger made of plastic is characterized by the structural and material-side design of the thin, highly thermally conductive and high-strength as well as on several surface sections firmly and sealingly interconnected heat transfer plates by a high pressure resistance and heat transfer performance.
  • the compressive strength is increased by the wrapped around the curved front and back plate bandages of plastic-impregnated continuous fibers.
  • the production of the trained in only a single form of heat transfer plates is carried out by a combined process of forming the thermoplastic fiber-reinforced plastic plate and molding of any required reinforcing or functional elements.
  • the production of the plates and the installation of the plate heat exchanger is simple and inexpensive.

Abstract

The heat exchanger (1) has profiled heat transfer plates (2) made of continuous carbon fibers with high thermal conductivity. The plates have wave crests (7) and troughs (8) provided in direction obliquely to longitudinal axis. The plates are rotated about transverse axis and are made to contact on compound horizontal corrugations (9). The contact surfaces (16) of intersecting wave crests and abutting high edge regions of through openings of plates are sealed or glued together. The plastic matrix of heat exchanger is provided with carbon nanotubes and graphene.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Plattenwärmeübertrager aus Kunststoff, der einen mit einer Frontplatte und einer Rückplatte abgedeckten Plattenstapel aus am Rand abdichtend miteinander verbundenen, profilierten Wärmeübertragungsplatten zur Bildung von abwechselnd für ein erstes Fluid und für ein zweites Fluid vorgesehenen Strömungskanälen umfasst, wobei die Wärmeübertragungsplatten Durchgangsöffnungen zur Verbindung der für das jeweils gleiche Fluid vorgesehenen Strömungskanäle aufweisen.The invention relates to a plastic plate heat exchanger which comprises a plate stack covered with a front plate and a back plate and sealingly interconnected at the edge, profiled heat transfer plates to form alternately provided for a first fluid and a second fluid flow channels, wherein the heat transfer plates through holes for connection having provided for the respective same fluid flow channels.

Aus Kunststoff bestehende Wärmeübertrager werden beispielsweise in der EP 0 038 454 A2 , der DE 10 2006 036 965 A1 oder der DE 20 2010 007 615 U1 beschrieben. Wärmeübertrager aus Kunststoff zeichnen sich durch hohe Korrosionsbeständigkeit, einfache und kostengünstige Fertigung sowie ein geringes Gewicht aus, weisen jedoch aufgrund des verwendeten Werkstoffs und wegen der zur Erzielung einer ausreichenden Festigkeit größeren Dicke eine verminderte Wärmeleitfähigkeit auf bzw. können aufgrund der geringen Festigkeit nur mit geringen Drücken betrieben werden.Made of plastic heat exchanger, for example, in the EP 0 038 454 A2 , of the DE 10 2006 036 965 A1 or the DE 20 2010 007 615 U1 described. Heat exchangers made of plastic are characterized by high corrosion resistance, simple and inexpensive production and low weight, but have due to the material used and because of the thickness to achieve sufficient strength greater thermal conductivity or due to the low strength only with low pressures operate.

Der in der DE 20 2010 007 615 U1 beschriebene Plattenwärmeübertrager aus Kunststoff umfasst übereinander gestapelte, im Spritzgussverfahren gefertigte Wärmeübertragungsplatten mit Durchgangsöffnungen sowie eine Front- und eine Rückplatte mit Anschlussrohren. Die Wärmeübertragungsplatten weisen auf der Vorderseite und auf der Rückseite jeweils einen unterschiedlich oder spiegelsymmetrisch ausgebildeten, als flächige Vertiefung mit Strömungsbarrieren ausgeführten Strömungskanal auf. Der an den ebenen Rändern der eine nur geringe Festigkeit aufweisenden Wärmeübertragungsplatten verschweißte oder verklebte Plattenwärmeübertrager kann nur bei geringen Drücken betrieben werden. Zudem ist die Wärmeübertragung aufgrund der erforderlichen großen Dicke der aus Kunststoff bestehenden Wärmeübertragungsplatten vergleichsweise gering. Weitere, jedoch nicht aus Kunststoff bestehende Wärmeübertrager werden in der US 7004237 B2 , der EP 0203213 A1 , der WO 2009 123519 A1 und der EP 2306133 A1 beschrieben.The Indian DE 20 2010 007 615 U1 plastic plate heat exchanger described comprises stacked, manufactured by injection molding heat transfer plates with through holes and a front and a back plate with connecting pipes. The heat transfer plates have on the front and on the back in each case a differently or mirror-symmetrically designed, designed as a flat depression with flow barriers flow channel. The one at the flat edges of a low strength having Heat transfer plates welded or glued plate heat exchangers can only be operated at low pressures. In addition, the heat transfer due to the required large thickness of the existing plastic heat transfer plates is comparatively low. Further, but not made of plastic heat exchangers are in the US 7004237 B2 , of the EP 0203213 A1 , of the WO 2009 123519 A1 and the EP 2306133 A1 described.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Plattenwärmeübertrager aus Kunststoff anzugeben, der einfach und kostengünstig gefertigt werden kann und eine hohe Druckfestigkeit sowie eine hohe Wärmeleitfähigkeit gewährleistet.The invention has for its object to provide a plate heat exchanger made of plastic, which can be easily and inexpensively manufactured and ensures high pressure resistance and high thermal conductivity.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe mit einem gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 ausgebildeten Plattenwärmeübertrager gelöst.According to the invention the object is achieved with a trained according to the features of claim 1 plate heat exchanger.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Bei einem Plattenwärmeübertrager der eingangs erwähnten Art besteht der Grundgedanke der Erfindung in der Einbindung von Endloskohlenstofffasern in die aus Kunststoff bestehenden Wärmeübertragungsplatten, so dass zum einen aufgrund der dadurch erzielten Dünnwandigkeit und zum anderen der Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Endloskohlefasern Wärmeübertragungsplatten mit hoher Wärmeleitfähigkeit zur Verfügung stehen. Die identisch ausgebildeten Wärmeübertragungsplatten sind mit in nur einer Richtung schräg zur Längsachse verlaufenden - ein oberes und ein unteres Plattenniveau definierenden - Wellenbergen und Wellentälern sowie einer am Plattenrand umlaufenden Verbindungssicke und einem sich von dieser zum Platteninneren hin anschließenden umlaufenden - in Bezug auf die Plattenebene - waagerechten Verbindungsbereich jeweils um eine Plattenquerachse gedreht aufeinandergestapelt und an den aneinanderstoßenden Verbindungssicken und waagerechten Verbindungsbereichen sowie an den Berührungsflächen sich kreuzender Wellenberge bzw. -täler und der aneinanderstoßenden hochliegenden - das obere Plattenniveau bildenden - Randbereiche der Durchgangsöffnungen fest und abdichtend miteinander verschweißt oder verklebt. Der einfach ausgebildete und kostengünstig gefertigte Plattenwärmeübertrager zeichnet sich durch eine hohe Druckfestigkeit und eine hohe Wärmeübertragungsleistung aus. Die Wärmeübertragungsplatten sind aufgrund der in den Kunststoff eingebundenen Endloskohlenstofffasern elektrisch leitfähig, so dass einzelne Wärmeübertragungsplatten zur zusätzlichen Erwärmung des Fluids durch Anlegen einer Spannung aufheizbar sind.In a plate heat exchanger of the type mentioned above, the basic idea of the invention is the incorporation of continuous carbon fibers in the heat transfer plates made of plastic, so that on the one hand heat transfer plates with high thermal conductivity are available on the one hand due to the thinness achieved thereby and, on the other hand, the thermal conductivity of the continuous carbon fibers. The identically formed heat transfer plates are with in only one direction oblique to the longitudinal axis extending - an upper and a lower plate level defining - wave crests and troughs as well as a peripheral edge of the plate joint and from this to the plate interior out subsequent circumferential - in relation to the plane of the plate - horizontal connecting region each stacked about a transverse axis plate stacked and fixed to the abutting connecting beads and horizontal connecting portions and at the contact surfaces of crossing peaks and valleys and the abutting high - forming the upper plate level - edge portions of the through holes fixed and sealingly welded or glued together. The simple design and inexpensive manufactured plate heat exchanger is characterized by a high pressure resistance and high heat transfer performance. The heat transfer plates are electrically conductive due to the embedded in the plastic continuous carbon fibers, so that individual heat transfer plates for additional heating of the fluid can be heated by applying a voltage.

In vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung weisen die Verbindungssicken und die Wellenberge zur Erzielung eines großflächigen Abdicht- oder Verbindungsbereichs zwischen benachbarten Wärmeübertragungsplatten einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt auf.In an advantageous development of the invention, the connecting beads and the wave crests have a trapezoidal cross-section to achieve a large-area sealing or connecting region between adjacent heat transfer plates.

In weiterer Ausbildung der Erfindung ist am Fluideintritt und -austritt des zwischen benachbarten Wärmeübertragungsplatten bestehenden Strömungskanals in einem tiefliegenden - das untere Plattenniveau bildenden - Randbereich gegenüberliegender Durchgangsöffnungen ein die beiden Randbereiche gegenseitig abstützendes und fest verbindendes Fluidverteilungselement angeordnet. Das Fluidverteilungselement ist als Stützring bzw. Zuganker ausgebildet und weist düsenförmige Durchlässe zur gleichmäßigen Fluidverteilung auf. Die Ausbildung aus Kunststoff ermöglicht zur Verringerung von Druckverlusten eine freie und zudem glatte Gestaltung der Ein- und Ausgänge.In a further embodiment of the invention is at the fluid inlet and outlet of existing between adjacent heat transfer plates flow channel in a low-lying - the lower plate level forming - edge region of opposite through holes arranged the two edge areas mutually supporting and firmly connecting fluid distribution element. The fluid distribution element is designed as a support ring or tie rods and has nozzle-shaped passages for uniform fluid distribution. The plastic training allows to reduce pressure losses a free and also smooth design of the inputs and outputs.

In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Wellenberge und die Wellentäler zur Erzeugung eines unterschiedlichen Fluidvolumens in benachbarten Strömungskanälen unterschiedlich weit ausgebildet.In an embodiment of the invention, the wave crests and the troughs for generating a different volume of fluid in adjacent flow channels are formed differently wide.

Gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung ist der mit der Front- und der Rückplatte abgedeckte Plattenstapel zur weiteren Erhöhung der Drucksteifigkeit des Plattenwärmeübertragers in Längs- und/oder Querrichtung mit einer Bandage aus kunststoffimprägnierten Fasern umwickelt. Die Front- und die Rückplatte sind in dieser Ausführungsform auf der Außenseite konvex gewölbt ausgebildet. An den Außenflächen der Front- und der Rückplatte können zusätzlich auch Versteifungsrippen ausgebildet sein.According to a further feature of the invention, the plate stack covered with the front plate and the back plate is wound in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction with a bandage of fiber-impregnated fibers to further increase the compressive rigidity of the plate heat exchanger. The front and the back plate are convexly curved on the outside in this embodiment. On the outer surfaces of the front and the back plate may also be formed stiffening ribs.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist an der Außenfläche des Plattenwärmeübertragers ein Wärmeisoliermaterial aufgebracht.In a further embodiment of the invention, a Wärmeisoliermaterial is applied to the outer surface of the plate heat exchanger.

Gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung werden der Kunststoffmatrix zum Teil Kohlenstoffnanotubs (CNT) oder Graphen beigemischt.According to a further feature of the invention, the plastic matrix is partially admixed with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or graphene.

In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung bestehen die Wärmeübertragungsplatten aus einem thermoplastischen Kunststoff und sind durch Reibschweißen miteinander verbunden. Bei der Verwendung duroplastischer Kunststoffe erfolgt die Verbindung durch Kleben.In an embodiment of the invention, the heat transfer plates made of a thermoplastic material and are joined together by friction welding. When using thermosetting plastics, the connection is made by gluing.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung, in der

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Darstellung eines aus Kunststoff bestehenden Plattenwärmeübertragers im Schnitt; und
Fig. 2
eine Explosionsdarstellung der Einzelteile des Plattenwärmeübertragers
zeigt, näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the drawing, in which
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a plastic plate heat exchanger in section; and
Fig. 2
an exploded view of the individual parts of the plate heat exchanger
shows, explained in more detail.

Der Plattenwärmeübertrager 1 umfasst in der vorliegenden beispielhaften Ausführungsform sieben identische Wärmeübertragungsplatten 2, eine Frontplatte 3, eine Rückplatte 4 und vier an Öffnungen 3' in der Frontplatte 3 anschließende Anschlussstutzen 5 zur Zuführung und Abführung eines wärmeabgebenden und eines wärmeaufnehmenden (ersten und zweiten) Fluids.The plate heat exchanger 1 in the present exemplary embodiment comprises seven identical heat transfer plates 2, a front plate 3, a back plate 4 and four connecting pieces 5 adjoining openings 3 'in the front plate 3 for supplying and discharging a heat-emitting and a heat-absorbing (first and second) fluid.

Die Wärmeübertragungsplatten 2 bestehen vorzugsweise aus einem endlosfaserverstärktem thermoplastischem Kunststoff, wobei zur Erhöhung der - thermischen und elektrischen - Leitfähigkeit in der Kunststoffmatrix Kohlenstoffnanotubs (CNT) oder Graphen (einem Kohlenstoff mit zweidimensionaler Struktur) dispergiert werden können. Durch die Verstärkung mit Endloskohlefasern wird zum einen die Festigkeit der Wärmeübertragungsplatten 2 und zum anderen deren Wärmeleitfähigkeit verbessert. Des Weiteren sind die aus Kunststoff bestehenden Wärmeübertragungsplatten 2 durch die integrierten Kohlefasern elektrisch leitfähig, so dass einzelne Wärmeübertragungsplatten 2 durch Anlegen einer Spannung erwärmt werden können und somit eine gezielte zusätzliche Erwärmung des Fluids möglich ist. Aufgrund der Versteifung mit Endloskohlefasern sind außerdem geringe Plattenwandstärken möglich, so dass die Wärmeübertragung auch aufgrund dieser Tatsche verbessert werden kann. Die Frontplatte 3 und die Rückplatte 4, die zum Umgebungsdruck hoch belastet sind, können durch angespritzte Rippen (nicht dargestellt) zusätzlich versteift sein und sind an der Außenflächen konvex gewölbt ausgebildet. Schließlich sind am Außenumfang des Plattenwärmetauschers 1 eine in Längsrichtung und eine in Querrichtung verlaufende Bandage 6 aus mit Kunststoff imprägnierten Endloskohlefasern angebracht, so dass der aus Kunststoff bestehende Wärmetauscher mit einem noch höheren Druck betrieben werden kann. Aufgrund der Wölbung der Front- und der Rückplatte werden Innendruckkräfte des Wärmeübertragers in Längskräfte in der Außenkontur umgewandelt und dort von in Längsrichtung hoch belastbaren Faserbandagen aufgenommen. Es ist auch möglich, aber in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt, den Plattenwärmeübertrager 1 mit einem Wärmeisoliermaterial zu umspritzen.The heat transfer plates 2 are preferably made of a continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic, wherein to increase the - thermal and electrical - conductivity in the plastic matrix carbon nanotubes (CNT) or graphene (a carbon with two-dimensional structure) can be dispersed. Through the reinforcement with continuous carbon fibers, on the one hand, the strength of the heat transfer plates 2 and, on the other hand, their thermal conductivity is improved. Furthermore, the plastic heat transfer plates 2 are electrically conductive by the integrated carbon fibers, so that individual heat transfer plates 2 can be heated by applying a voltage and thus a targeted additional heating of the fluid is possible. Due to the stiffening with continuous carbon fibers also low plate wall thicknesses are possible, so that the heat transfer can also be improved due to this Tatsche. The front plate 3 and the back plate 4, which are highly loaded to the ambient pressure, can be additionally stiffened by molded ribs (not shown) and are convexly curved on the outer surfaces. Finally, on the outer circumference of the plate heat exchanger 1 a longitudinally extending and a transversely extending bandage 6 made of plastic impregnated continuous carbon fibers, so that the existing plastic heat exchanger can be operated with an even higher pressure. Due to the curvature of the front and the rear plate internal pressure forces of the heat exchanger are converted into longitudinal forces in the outer contour and recorded there by longitudinally highly resilient fiber bands. It is also possible, but not shown in the drawing, to overmold the plate heat exchanger 1 with a heat insulating material.

Die faserverstärkten Wärmeübertragungsplatten 2 sind in nur einer Richtung (hier in einem Winkel von 45° zur Längsrichtung, wobei jeder Winkel zwischen 0 und < 90° möglich ist, wellenförmig profiliert. Die Wellenberge 7 und Wellentäler 8 haben die Gestalt eines Trapezes und sind jeweils gleich groß. (Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, die Wellenberge und die Wellentäler in voneinander unterschiedlicher Größe auszubilden, so dass - beispielsweise bei Medien mit unterschiedlicher Viskosität - in benachbarten Strömungskanälen des Plattenwärmetauschers 1 unterschiedliche Volumina transportiert werden können). Die Wärmeübertragungsplatten 2 weisen im Außenrandbereich eine umlaufende trapezförmige Verbindungssicke 9 und einen sich daran nach außen anschließenden waagerechten Randabschnitt 10 und einen sich nach innen anschließenden umlaufenden, waagerechten Verbindungsbereich 15 auf. In den Eckbereichen der Wärmeübertragungsplatten 2 befinden sich Durchgangsöffnungen 11, über die das jeweils über die Anschlussstutzen 5 zugeführte wärmeabgebende Medium bzw. das wärmeaufnehmende Medium in den jeweiligen, zwischen zwei Wärmeübertragungsplatten 2 gebildeten Strömungskanal geleitet wird. Auf der Längsseite der Wärmeübertragungsplatte 2 mit dem Fluideintritt- und -austritt sind in dem von der betreffenden Durchgangsöffnung 11 ausgehenden - tief liegenden - Randbereich 11' zur Bildung der Eintrittsöffnung und der Austrittsöffnung des Strömungskanals zwischen zwei benachbarten Wärmeübertragungsplatten 2 Fluidverteilungselemente 12 angebracht. Diese - beispielsweise in Form eines düsenförmige Durchlässe 13 bildenden Ringes gestalteten Fluidverteilungselemente 12 sorgen zum einen für eine bessere Verteilung des zugeführten Fluids im betreffenden Strömungskanal und sorgen darüber hinaus aber gleichzeitig für eine gegenseitige Abstützung benachbarter Wärmeübertragungsplatten 2 im Bereich der Durchgangsöffnungen 11 im Fluideintritts- und - austrittsbereich und somit für eine hohe Druckfestigkeit auch in diesem Teil des Plattenwärmeübertragers 1.The fiber-reinforced heat transfer plates 2 are wave-shaped in only one direction (here at an angle of 45 ° to the longitudinal direction, any angle between 0 and <90 ° is possible.) The wave crests 7 and wave troughs 8 have the shape of a trapezoid and are the same (However, it is also conceivable to form the wave crests and the wave troughs of different sizes so that different volumes can be transported in adjacent flow channels of the plate heat exchanger 1, for example in the case of media having different viscosities.) The heat transfer plates 2 have one in the outer edge region encircling trapezoidal connecting bead 9 and an outwardly adjoining horizontal edge portion 10 and an inwardly adjoining circumferential, horizontal connecting portion 15. In the corner regions of the heat transfer plates 2 there are through holes 11, via which the heat-emitting medium or the heat-absorbing medium supplied in each case via the connecting pieces 5 is passed into the respective flow channel formed between two heat transfer plates 2. On the longitudinal side of the heat transfer plate 2 with the fluid inlet and outlet are in the emanating from the respective through hole 11 - low-lying - edge region 11 'to form the inlet opening and the outlet opening of the flow channel between two adjacent heat transfer plates 2 fluid distribution elements 12 attached. These - for example, in the form of a nozzle-shaped passages 13 forming ring fluid distribution elements 12 provide for a better distribution of the supplied fluid in the respective flow channel and also at the same time provide mutual support of adjacent heat transfer plates 2 in the region of the through holes 11 in the fluid inlet and exit area and thus for a high compressive strength in this part of the plate heat exchanger. 1

Die zuvor beschriebenen - identisch ausgebildeten - Wärmeübertragungsplatten 2 werden - jeweils um die Querachse um 180° gedreht - übereinander gestapelt und an den Berührungsflächen zwischen zwei Platten, das heißt, an den aneinanderstoßenden waagerechten Rücken 14 der umlaufenden trapezförmigen Verbindungssicken 9 bzw. an den an die Sicken 9 zum Inneren der Platten hin angrenzenden umlaufenden waagerechten Verbindungsbereichen 15, an den von den Durchgangsöffnungen 11 ausgehenden aneinander stoßenden Randbereichen 11" sowie den sich kreuzenden Berührungsflächen 16 der trapezförmigen Wellenberge 7 durch Reibschweißen fest und abdichtend miteinander verbunden. Eine weitere Verbindung zwischen den Platten kann auch im Bereich der Fluidverteilungselemente 12 erfolgen. Neben dem Reibschweißen kann die Verbindung und Abdichtung auch durch andere Schweißverfahren oder - bei Wärmeübertragungsplatten aus duroplastischem Kunststoff - durch Kleben erfolgen.The previously described - identically formed - heat transfer plates 2 are - each rotated about the transverse axis by 180 ° - stacked on top of each other and at the contact surfaces between two plates, that is, to the abutting horizontal ridge 14 of the trapezoidal circumferential connecting beads 9 and to the Seams 9 to the interior of the plates towards adjacent circumferential horizontal connecting portions 15, at the emanating from the through holes 11 abutting edge portions 11 "and the intersecting contact surfaces 16 of the trapezoidal wave crests 7 by friction welding firmly and sealingly connected to each other.A further connection between the plates also in the area of the fluid distribution elements 12. In addition to the friction welding, the connection and sealing can also take place by means of other welding methods or-in the case of heat transfer plates made of thermosetting plastic-by gluing.

Der zuvor beschriebene Plattenwärmeübertrager aus Kunststoff zeichnet sich aufgrund der konstruktiven und werkstoffseitigen Gestaltung der dünnen, hoch wärmeleitfähigen und hochfesten sowie an mehreren Flächenabschnitten fest und abdichtend miteinander verbundenen Wärmeübertragungsplatten durch eine hohe Druckfestigkeit und Wärmeübertragungsleistung aus. Zusätzlich wird die Druckfestigkeit noch durch die um die gewölbte Front- und Rückplatte gewickelten Bandagen aus kunststoffgetränkten Endlosfasern erhöht. Die Herstellung der in nur einer einzigen Form ausgebildeten Wärmeübertragungsplatten erfolgt durch ein kombiniertes Verfahren aus Umformen der thermoplastisch faserverstärkten Kunststoffplatte und Anspritzen von eventuell erforderlichen Verstärkungs- oder Funktionselementen. Die Herstellung der Platten und die Montage des Plattenwärmeübertragers ist einfach und kostengünstig.The above-described plate heat exchanger made of plastic is characterized by the structural and material-side design of the thin, highly thermally conductive and high-strength as well as on several surface sections firmly and sealingly interconnected heat transfer plates by a high pressure resistance and heat transfer performance. In addition, the compressive strength is increased by the wrapped around the curved front and back plate bandages of plastic-impregnated continuous fibers. The production of the trained in only a single form of heat transfer plates is carried out by a combined process of forming the thermoplastic fiber-reinforced plastic plate and molding of any required reinforcing or functional elements. The production of the plates and the installation of the plate heat exchanger is simple and inexpensive.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
PlattenwärmeübertragerPlate heat exchangers
22
WärmeübertragungsplattenHeat transfer plates
33
Frontplatte (3' Öffnungen in 3)Front panel (3 'openings in 3)
44
Rückplattebackplate
55
Anschlussstutzenspigot
66
Bandagebandage
77
WellenbergWellenberg
88th
Wellentälertroughs
99
umlaufende trapezförmige Verbindungssickecircumferential trapezoidal connecting bead
1010
waagerechter Randabschnitthorizontal edge section
1111
DurchgangsöffnungenThrough openings
11'11 '
tiefliegender Randbereich, unteres Plattenniveaulow-lying edge area, lower plate level
11"11 "
hochliegender Randbereich, oberes Plattenniveauhigh-lying edge area, upper plate level
1212
Fluidverteilungselement (Stützring)Fluid distribution element (support ring)
1313
düsenförmige Durchlässenozzle-shaped passages
1414
Rücken von 9Back of 9
1515
waagerechter Verbindungsbereichhorizontal connection area
1616
sich kreuzende Berührungsflächenintersecting contact surfaces

Claims (11)

Plattenwärmeübertrager aus Kunststoff, der einen mit einer Frontplatte (3) und einer Rückplatte (4) abgedeckten Plattenstapel aus an einem umlaufenden Randabschnitt (10) abdichtend miteinander verbundenen, profilierten Wärmeübertragungsplatten (2) zur Bildung von abwechselnd für ein erstes Fluid und für ein zweites Fluid vorgesehenen Strömungskanälen umfasst, wobei die Wärmeübertragungsplatten (2) jeweils zwei in einem oberen und einem unteren Plattenniveau (11', 11") ausgebildete Durchgangsöffnungen (11) zur Verbindung der für das jeweils gleiche Fluid vorgesehenen Strömungskanäle aufweisen, und wobei mit Endloskohlefasern versteifte, dünnwandige und durch die Einbindung der Kohlefasern hoch wärmeleitfähige, identisch ausgebildete Wärmeübertragungsplatten (2) mit nur in einer Richtung schräg zur Längsachse verlaufenden, das untere und obere Plattenniveau definierenden Wellenbergen (7) und Wellentälern (8) sowie einer am Randabschnitt (10) auf dem oberen Plattenniveau (11") umlaufenden Verbindungssicke (9) und einem sich von dieser zum Platteninneren hin anschließenden umlaufenden, in Bezug auf die Plattenebene waagerechten Verbindungsbereich (15) jeweils um eine Plattenquerachse gedreht aufeinandergestapelt und an den aneinanderstoßenden Verbindungssicken (9) und waagerechten Verbindungsbereichen (15) sowie an den Berührungsflächen (16) sich kreuzender Wellenberge (7) und der aneinanderstoßenden, im oberen Plattenniveau (11) hochliegenden Randbereiche der Durchgangsöffnungen (11) fest und abdichtend miteinander verschweißt oder verklebt sind.Plastic plate heat exchanger comprising a plate stack covered with a front plate (3) and a back plate (4) and sealingly connected to each other at a peripheral edge portion (10), profiled heat transfer plates (2) for alternately forming a first fluid and a second fluid The heat transfer plates (2) each have two in an upper and a lower plate level (11 ', 11 ") formed through holes (11) for connecting the respective same fluid provided flow channels, and wherein reinforced with continuous carbon fibers, thin-walled and by the incorporation of the carbon fibers highly thermally conductive, identically formed heat transfer plates (2) extending only in one direction obliquely to the longitudinal axis, the lower and upper plate level defining wave crests (7) and troughs (8) and one at the edge portion (10) on the upper Plattenn Level (11 ") circumferential connecting bead (9) and a subsequent thereto to the plate interior circumferential, with respect to the plane of the plate horizontal connecting portion (15) each stacked about a transverse axis plate stacked and at the abutting connecting beads (9) and horizontal connecting portions (15 ) as well as at the contact surfaces (16) crossing wave crests (7) and the abutting, in the upper plate level (11) high-lying edge regions of the through holes (11) are welded or glued together tightly and sealingly. Plattenwärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbindungssicken (9) und die Wellenberge (7) zur Erzielung eines großflächigen Abdicht- oder Verbindungsbereichs zwischen benachbarten Wärmeübertragungsplatten einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen.Plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting beads (9) and the wave crests (7) have a trapezoidal cross-section in order to achieve a large-area sealing or connecting region between adjacent heat transfer plates. Plattenwärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass am Fluideintritt und - austritt des zwischen benachbarten Wärmeübertragungsplatten (2) bestehenden Strömungskanals in einem tiefliegenden Randbereich (11') gegenüberliegender Durchgangsöffnungen (11) ein die beiden Randbereiche gegenseitig abstützendes und fest verbindendes Fluidverteilungselement (12) angeordnet ist.Plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that arranged on the fluid inlet and - exit of the existing between adjacent heat transfer plates (2) flow channel in a low-lying edge region (11 ') of opposite through openings (11), the two edge regions mutually supporting and firmly connecting fluid distribution element (12) is. Plattenwärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Fluidverterteilungselement (12) als Stützring ausgebildet ist und düsenförmige Durchlässe (13) zur gleichmäßigen Fluidverteilung aufweist.Plate heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that the fluid distribution element (12) is designed as a support ring and nozzle-shaped passages (13) for uniform fluid distribution. Plattenwärmeübertrager nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wellenberge (7) und die Wellentäler (8) zur Erzeugung eines unterschiedlichen Fluidvolumens in benachbarten Strömungskanälen unterschiedlich weit ausgebildet sind.Plate heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the wave crests (7) and the wave troughs (8) for generating a different volume of fluid in adjacent flow channels are formed differently wide. Plattenwärmeübertrager nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, gekennzeichnet durch eine den Plattenstapel mit der Front- und der Rückplatte (3, 4) in Längs- und/oder Querrichtung umschließende Bandage (6) aus kunststoffimprägnierten Fasern.Plate heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by a plate stack with the front and the back plate (3, 4) in the longitudinal and / or transverse surrounding bandage (6) made of impregnated fibers. Plattenwärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Front- und die Rückplatte (3, 4) auf der Außenseite konvex gewölbt ausgebildet sind.Plate heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that the front and the back plate (3, 4) are convexly curved on the outside. Plattenwärmeübertrager nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch ein an dessen Außenfläche aufgebrachtes Wärmeisoliermaterial.Plate heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a heat insulating material applied to its outer surface. Plattenwärmeübertrager nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch an den Außenflächen der Front- und der Rückplatte (3, 4) angebrachte Versteifungsrippen.Plate heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by on the outer surfaces of the front and the back plate (3, 4) mounted stiffening ribs. Plattenwärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kunststoffmatrix mit Kohlenstoffnanotubs (CNT) oder Graphen versehen ist.Plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic matrix is provided with carbon nanotubes (CNT) or graphene. Plattenwärmeübertrager nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wärmeübertragungsplatten (2) elektrisch leitfähig sind und zur Erwärmung des Fluids durch Anlegen einer Spannung aufheizbar sind.Plate heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat transfer plates (2) are electrically conductive and for heating the fluid can be heated by applying a voltage.
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US11313622B2 (en) 2016-10-18 2022-04-26 Novares France Air distributor made of plastic material and method for manufacturing this air distributor
CN107289810A (en) * 2017-07-20 2017-10-24 天津宝坻紫荆科技有限公司 A kind of plate type heat-exchange graphene Electric heater heat exchange plate
CN107289810B (en) * 2017-07-20 2024-03-22 天津宝坻紫荆科技有限公司 Heat exchange plate for plate-type heat exchange type graphene electric heater
FR3091581A1 (en) * 2019-01-04 2020-07-10 Christian Hug Composite material plates forming a heat exchanger
EP3677863A1 (en) * 2019-01-04 2020-07-08 Christian Hug Plates made from composite material forming a heat exchanger
CN110296620A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-10-01 河海大学常州校区 A kind of anti-incrustation plate heat exchanger
CN110296621A (en) * 2019-06-28 2019-10-01 河海大学常州校区 A kind of anti-incrustation plate heat exchanger
CN115790217A (en) * 2022-12-23 2023-03-14 宁波连通设备集团有限公司 Plastic plate modularized series-parallel combined heat exchanger
CN115790217B (en) * 2022-12-23 2023-09-12 宁波连通设备集团有限公司 Plastic plate modularized serial-parallel combined heat exchanger

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EP2508832B1 (en) 2015-06-17
DE102011001818A1 (en) 2012-10-11

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