EP2504565B1 - Laserzündkerze und betriebsverfahren hierfür - Google Patents

Laserzündkerze und betriebsverfahren hierfür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2504565B1
EP2504565B1 EP10770515.4A EP10770515A EP2504565B1 EP 2504565 B1 EP2504565 B1 EP 2504565B1 EP 10770515 A EP10770515 A EP 10770515A EP 2504565 B1 EP2504565 B1 EP 2504565B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
region
ignition plug
laser ignition
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10770515.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2504565A1 (de
Inventor
Martin Weinrotter
Pascal Woerner
Juergen Raimann
Martin Astner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2504565A1 publication Critical patent/EP2504565A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2504565B1 publication Critical patent/EP2504565B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P23/00—Other ignition
    • F02P23/04—Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a laser spark plug, in particular for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, having a combustion chamber window arranged in a combustion chamber-facing end region, such as WO2009 / 043608 known.
  • the invention further relates to an operating method for such a laser spark plug.
  • cooling of a volume region surrounding the respective surface of the combustion chamber window or of a medium located therein favors the formation and precipitation of the combustion products on the combustion chamber window surface which promote ablative purification.
  • the cooling means according to the invention therefore advantageously permit the targeted generation and introduction of such combustion products on the surface of the combustion chamber window, which promote efficient cleaning by impinging the combustion chamber window with laser pulses of high power or energy density.
  • the means for cooling have a heat sink which has material with a relatively high thermal conductivity, in particular with a thermal conductivity of about 90 watts per Kelvin and meter at room temperature or more.
  • the heat sink may comprise nickel or a nickel alloy. It is also possible to form the entire heat sink entirely of nickel or a nickel alloy.
  • the heat sink is preferably permanently connected to the housing of the laser spark plug, for example by means of welding.
  • a particularly efficient and uniform cooling of the volume range of interest results according to the invention when the means for cooling, in particular the at least one heat sink, an optical axis of the laser spark plug surrounded, in particular concentrically surrounded.
  • an effective shielding of the combustion chamber facing surface of the combustion chamber window from harmful particles when the heat sink is formed substantially circular and an inner diameter of the heat sink in the region of a combustion chamber facing end side of the heat sink about a maximum 105 percent to about 200 percent of a beam diameter of the emitted laser spark plug laser radiation.
  • an inner diameter of the heat sink in the region of a front side of the heat sink facing the heat sink is smaller than an inner diameter of the heat sink in the region of a front side of the heat sink facing away from the combustion space.
  • heat conducting means are provided which allow heat to be dissipated from an end region of the laser spark plug facing towards the combustion chamber in the direction of a combustion chamber facing away end region, wherein the heat conducting means are preferably arranged in an interior of the laser spark plug and / or in at least one wall section a housing of the laser spark plug are integrated.
  • the means for cooling according to the invention are particularly advantageous in good thermal contact with the heat conducting means, so that an efficient dissipation of heat from the region of the combustion chamber facing surface of the combustion chamber window into the region of the laser spark plug facing away from the combustion chamber is possible.
  • the heat-conducting means may, for example, have contact areas in a region of the laser spark plug remote from the combustion chamber which, when the laser spark plug is installed in a cylinder head an internal combustion engine, for example, a stationary large gas engine, make a good thermal contact with the cylinder head.
  • the cooling means according to the invention may, in addition to one or more heat sinks u.a. also have a fluid-based cooling system in which heat energy is removed from the combustion chamber facing surface of the combustion chamber window using a fluid.
  • heat pipes heat pipes
  • Heat pipes can also be used in order to cool the volume range of interest. Heat pipes can advantageously be integrated directly into a housing of the laser spark plug.
  • a method according to claim 9 is given.
  • the method according to the invention provides that a volume region located in the region of the combustion chamber window and / or a medium located in the volume region is cooled, preferably to a temperature of approximately below 350 ° C. to approximately below 300 ° C.
  • the operation of the laser spark plug according to the invention results in a particularly expedient formation and loading of the combustion chamber facing surface of the combustion chamber window with such combustion products, which promote cleaning of the combustion chamber window by exposure to laser radiation of high power or energy density.
  • the radiance of the laser radiation may be up to an order of magnitude lower compared to conventional Abalismsvor réellen at where no inventively introduced carbon compounds or carbon black on the combustion chamber facing surface of the combustion chamber window are present.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the laser spark plug 100 according to the invention in a partial cross section.
  • the laser spark plug 100 is used for example in internal combustion engines of motor vehicles or in stationary large gas engines to laser radiation 20 to a in A firing point ZP arranged in a combustion chamber 200 of the internal combustion engine can be focused in order to ignite an air / fuel mixture located in the combustion chamber 200.
  • the laser radiation 20 can be generated locally in the laser spark plug 100 in a manner known per se, for example by using a laser device 110, which i.a. a laser-active solid (not shown) and a passive Q-switching.
  • a laser device 110 which i.a. a laser-active solid (not shown) and a passive Q-switching.
  • the laser spark plug 100 can be bundled by the laser spark plug 100 from a laser source arranged remotely located laser source and irradiated to the ignition point ZP.
  • various combustion products in particular inorganic components, which originate, inter alia, from additives of the engine oil of the internal combustion engine, are deposited on the surface 120a of the combustion chamber window 120 of the laser spark plug 100 facing the combustion chamber 200.
  • the laser spark plug 100 therefore has means 130 for cooling the volume region 210 located in the combustion chamber-facing end region 100a and / or a medium located in the volume region 210, for example the combustion exhaust gases.
  • the cooling means 130 have at least one heat sink 131, which is like FIG. 1 in the present case is approximately circular in shape and is preferably permanently connected to the housing 101 of the laser spark plug 100 in its combustion chamber-facing end portion 100a.
  • the heat sink 131 preferably comprises material having a relatively high thermal conductivity, in particular a thermal conductivity of about 90 watts per Kelvin and meter at room temperature or more; For example, nickel or a nickel alloy can be used for this purpose.
  • Particularly uniform cooling of the medium present in the end region 100a or the volume region 210 is advantageously provided according to the invention in that the heat sink 131 surrounds, in particular concentrically surrounds, an optical axis OA of the laser spark plug 100.
  • the heat sink 131 simultaneously serves to shield the surface 120a of the combustion chamber window 120 from combustion particles which originate in the region of the ignition point ZP, which could damage the combustion chamber window 120 when it strikes the surface 120a.
  • the heat sink 131 is substantially a circular diameter, and an inner diameter D1 of the heat sink 131 in the region of its combustion chamber-facing end face 131a is at most about 105 percent to about 200 percent of a beam diameter DS (FIG. FIG. 2a ) of the laser radiation emitted by the laser spark plug 100 laser radiation 20th
  • heat conduction means 140 may be provided in the housing 101 of the laser spark plug 100, which allow heat to be dissipated from the combustion chamber facing end region 100a of the laser spark plug 100 in the direction of an end region 100b facing away from the combustion chamber.
  • the heat-conducting means 140 preferably comprise nickel and / or copper and / or silver deposits 142 or inserts made of corresponding alloys, which are either arranged directly in the interior of the laser spark plug 100 or else integrated directly into at least one wall section of the housing 101 of the laser spark plug 100 could be.
  • the heat conducting means 140 may also comprise a fluid-based system, in particular also one or more heat pipes or the like.
  • the heat sink 131 is preferably insoluble, in particular materially bonded, so connected to the housing 101 of the laser spark plug 100 that it is in good thermal contact with the heat conducting means 140 or inserts 142.
  • the heat conducting means 140 have a contact region 141, which produces good thermal contact with the cylinder head when the laser spark plug 100 is installed in a cylinder head (not shown) of an internal combustion engine, so that an efficient discharge into the laser spark plug 100, in particular into the cooling body 131 , registered heat is possible.
  • FIG. 2a shows a plan view of the combustion chamber facing end face 131a ( FIG. 1 ) of the heat sink 131.
  • the inner diameter D1 of the heat sink 131 in the region of the end face 131a is only slightly larger than the beam diameter DS of the laser radiation 20, so that an effective protection of the surface 120a of the combustion chamber window 120 results from particles that can emanate from the ignition point ZP or other areas of the combustion chamber 200.
  • the Inner diameter D1 is according to one embodiment a maximum of about 105 percent to about 200 percent of the beam diameter DS.
  • the inner diameter D1 of the heat sink 131 in the region of the combustion chamber facing end face 131a ( FIG. 1 ) smaller than an inner diameter D2 of the heat sink 131 in the region of the combustion chamber facing away from the end face of the heat sink 131, so that an efficient cooling of the volume 210 and a proper shape adaptation of the inner region of the heat sink 131 to the radiated from the laser spark plug 100 laser radiation 20 result.
  • FIG. 2b 1 shows a plan view of a further variant of a heat sink 131 according to the invention, in which a total of four radially extending slits 131 'are provided, which provide improved fluid communication between the combustion space 200 (FIG. FIG. 1 ) and the volume region 210 surrounded by the heat sink 131, so that efficient flushing of the volume region 210 with fresh gas is possible.
  • This advantageously prevents the formation of a residual gas cushion in the region of the surface 120a of the combustion chamber window 120, which contributes to the fact that the surface 120a of the combustion chamber window 120 does not become sooty due to premature quenching of the flame.
  • one or more bores may also be provided in the heat sink 131 in order to allow an improved fluid exchange between the combustion chamber 200 and the volume region 210.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • a first step 300 the volume region 210 or a medium therein is cooled, preferably to a temperature of from below about 350 ° C. to below about 300 ° C. This advantageously results in precipitation of carbon or carbon compounds in the region of the surface 120a of the combustion chamber window 120th
  • the required laser beam density for cleaning is generally dependent on the covering material.
  • inorganic deposits which originate inter alia from the additives of motor oil and the like, can only be cleaned off with very high radiant densities, which in conventional cleaning processes are close to the damage thresholds of the material of the combustion chamber window 120.
  • the introduction of carbon into the parasitic deposits of the combustion chamber window 120 which is made possible according to the invention, advantageously makes it possible to reduce the radiance required for cleaning.
  • CaSO 4 -containing deposits are conditioned by the addition of carbon compounds according to the invention so that advantageously only a by up to an order of magnitude lower radiance used for the cleaning laser radiation is required.
  • the construction of the combustion chamber-facing end region 100a of the laser spark plug 100 can be optimized so that efficient cooling of the volume region 210 is possible in order to produce semi-unburned hydrocarbon compounds in the region of the combustion chamber window 120.
  • the carbon components resulting therefrom in the deposit of inorganic combustion residues which is imaged on the surface 120 advantageously permit efficient cleaning by means of laser radiation 20 without a simultaneous destruction of the combustion chamber window 120.
  • the means 130 for cooling according to the invention enable an efficient reduction of the temperature in the volume region 210 in front of the combustion chamber window 120, so that a controlled extinguishment of flames in front of the combustion chamber window 120 during the laser ignition is achieved. It is beyond that important to transport a sufficient amount of fresh mixture to the combustion chamber window 120, so that it does not come to a residual gas cushion in front of the combustion chamber window 120, which prevents the window 120 from becoming soiled by premature quenching of the flame.
  • Restgaspolsters can by the invention provided slits 131 '( FIG. 2b ) are encountered in the heat sink 131 and / or by further holes in the heat sink 131.
  • the laser spark plug 100 according to the invention is preferably used in internal combustion engines of motor vehicles and stationary (large) gas engines or (gas) turbines.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP10770515.4A 2009-11-23 2010-09-23 Laserzündkerze und betriebsverfahren hierfür Not-in-force EP2504565B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009047010A DE102009047010A1 (de) 2009-11-23 2009-11-23 Laserzündkerze und Betriebsverfahren hierfür
PCT/EP2010/064053 WO2011060983A1 (de) 2009-11-23 2010-09-23 Laserzündkerze und betriebsverfahren hierfür

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2504565A1 EP2504565A1 (de) 2012-10-03
EP2504565B1 true EP2504565B1 (de) 2017-11-15

Family

ID=43414915

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10770515.4A Not-in-force EP2504565B1 (de) 2009-11-23 2010-09-23 Laserzündkerze und betriebsverfahren hierfür

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US8789497B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2504565B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP5436693B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN102612595B (zh)
DE (1) DE102009047010A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2011060983A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT511930A1 (de) 2011-09-06 2013-03-15 Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og Laserzündkerze
AT512038B1 (de) * 2011-12-23 2013-05-15 Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Ohg Wärmeleitvorrichtung zur ableitung von wärme eines zündkerzengehäuses einer zündkerze
DE102012204582A1 (de) * 2012-03-22 2013-09-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laserzündkerze
US20140136085A1 (en) * 2012-11-15 2014-05-15 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Laser ignition and misfire monitor
US20160040644A1 (en) * 2012-11-15 2016-02-11 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Engine with laser ignition
JP6478509B2 (ja) 2014-07-31 2019-03-06 株式会社Ｓｏｋｅｎ レーザ点火装置
JP6491896B2 (ja) 2015-02-03 2019-03-27 株式会社Ｓｏｋｅｎ レーザ点火プラグ及びその製造方法
US9932956B2 (en) 2016-02-24 2018-04-03 Denso International America, Inc. Laser ignition device
EP3366914A3 (en) 2017-02-06 2019-01-02 Ricoh Company Ltd. Laser device and internal combustion engine

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JPS59826B2 (ja) 1978-12-26 1984-01-09 株式会社リコー 静電印刷用導電性トナ−
US4434753A (en) * 1981-05-18 1984-03-06 Nippon Soken, Inc. Ignition apparatus for internal combustion engine
US4852529A (en) * 1986-03-07 1989-08-01 Bennett Automotive Technology Pty. Ltd. Laser energy ignition system
JPH1089229A (ja) * 1996-09-12 1998-04-07 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd レーザ着火方式エンジンのレーザ照射窓汚れ防止装置
AU6949298A (en) * 1997-04-21 1998-11-13 James W. Early Laser ignition
AT2623U1 (de) * 1998-03-24 1999-01-25 Avl List Gmbh Brennkraftmaschine mit fremdzündung
US6019081A (en) * 1998-10-01 2000-02-01 Caterpillar Inc. Cooled pre-combustion chamber assembly
EP1329631A3 (de) * 2002-01-22 2003-10-22 Jenbacher Zündsysteme GmbH Verbrennungsmotor
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US7114858B2 (en) * 2003-09-23 2006-10-03 The University Of Chicago Laser based ignition system for natural gas reciprocating engines, laser based ignition system having capability to detect successful ignition event; and distributor system for use with high-powered pulsed lasers
JP4354302B2 (ja) * 2004-02-27 2009-10-28 三菱重工業株式会社 着火時期変更時のレーザ焦点調整装置を備えたレーザ着火式エンジン
JP2006104972A (ja) * 2004-10-01 2006-04-20 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 導入ガラス体清浄装置を備えたレーザ着火式エンジン及びその運転方法
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5436693B2 (ja) 2014-03-05
CN102612595A (zh) 2012-07-25
US20130025549A1 (en) 2013-01-31
CN102612595B (zh) 2015-11-25
DE102009047010A1 (de) 2011-05-26
JP2013511658A (ja) 2013-04-04
WO2011060983A1 (de) 2011-05-26
EP2504565A1 (de) 2012-10-03
US8789497B2 (en) 2014-07-29

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