EP2503092A1 - Vorrichtung zur Verriegelung von rohrförmigen Elementen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Verriegelung von rohrförmigen Elementen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2503092A1
EP2503092A1 EP12159469A EP12159469A EP2503092A1 EP 2503092 A1 EP2503092 A1 EP 2503092A1 EP 12159469 A EP12159469 A EP 12159469A EP 12159469 A EP12159469 A EP 12159469A EP 2503092 A1 EP2503092 A1 EP 2503092A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thrust
rotary
locking
rotary part
bolts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12159469A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2503092B1 (de
Inventor
Luciano Agostini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soilmec SpA
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Soilmec SpA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2503092A1 publication Critical patent/EP2503092A1/de
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Publication of EP2503092B1 publication Critical patent/EP2503092B1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
    • E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
    • E21B3/04—Rotary tables
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/16—Connecting or disconnecting pipe couplings or joints
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/021—With a rotary table, i.e. a fixed rotary drive for a relatively advancing tool

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a locking device for tubular elements.
  • the present invention relates to a locking device for tubular elements, such as, for example, casing pipes to be driven into bores drilled in the ground for the installation of foundation piles.
  • Said casing pipes are used for consolidating the bore walls and prevent them from collapsing, and are coupled to one another in pieces several metres long.
  • the drill string excavates the hole during the pipe driving steps and also during the next steps, even when the pipe has already reached its required drive height, because the pile generally goes in deeper.
  • the pipes are driven one by one into the ground by a drilling machine that comprises at least one guiding mast (or tower), which is substantially vertical, and at least one tool head for handling both the drill string and the surrounding casing pipes, which are slideable along the mast and are operated by a mechanism exerting a pull and a thrust.
  • a drilling machine that comprises at least one guiding mast (or tower), which is substantially vertical, and at least one tool head for handling both the drill string and the surrounding casing pipes, which are slideable along the mast and are operated by a mechanism exerting a pull and a thrust.
  • a rotary table is connected internally to the drill string and externally to the first casing pipe piece, thus allowing rotation thereof.
  • the casing pipe performs the main function of stabilizing the bore walls and to allow drilling even in particularly hard ground or through water-bearing strata.
  • the casing pipe is also fitted with excavating teeth at its edge, in order to bit the ground at the annular portion. It is also characterized by a diameter as large as several metres.
  • the excavation equipment further comprises a control cabin for an operator, which cabin contains all the manipulators necessary for operating the machine.
  • the connections between the various pieces can be effected by welding, if the casing must not be recovered, or through joints of various types, if the casing must be recovered prior to installation of the foundation pile.
  • the male and female joints are characterized by being fitted one into the other with relative ease, while being able to transmit torque and axial movement, i.e. to exert a pull and, if necessary, also a thrust onto the whole string, of which they are essential components. They are provided with devices that allow transmission of torque and axial thrust between one piece and the other: in this particular case, between the pipe piece connected to the rotary table and the string driven into the ground.
  • This height corresponds to the length of the pipe piece to be coupled (or decoupled) to (from) the casing string driven into the ground.
  • mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic mechanisms have been developed which replace, whether totally or partially, the work of man.
  • locking devices comprise so-called “bolts”, which are driven linearly by electric, hydraulic or pneumatic power sources.
  • patent DE19621849 and patent DE3721448 describe hydraulic bolts in which the fluid that causes the linear movement of the bolts is moved from the generating source, which is located on a static part of the machine, to the bolt region, which is located on a rotary part.
  • the Applicant has observed that in such systems the fixed part, i.e. the one associated with the frame of the rotary table, is totally constrained to the rotary part. If, for any reasons, the two parts should be set apart axially from each other, the power fluid flow would be interrupted and the system would no longer be able to ensure that the bolts can be driven into their seats and held in position or removed therefrom. Power transmissions using fluids flowing into rotary joints are expensive and difficult to implement in equipment requiring a large-diameter gap around the axis of rotation.
  • patent publication DE 10 2006 022613 A1 describes a system for engaging and disengaging drill pipes, consisting of a fixed portion, connected to the fixed part of the rotary head, and a rotary portion, connected to the rotary part of the rotary head.
  • the system is held in the engaged position by springs arranged on the rotary part, the action of which is countered by actuators mounted on the fixed portion of the system. Therefore, these springs cause the system to have a monostable behavior, i.e. it tends to remain in only one stable condition of engagement because of the elastic action exerted by the springs, from which position it can be temporarily moved in an "unstable” manner only as long as the actuators stay activated in an extended position, thus exerting a countering thrust.
  • the springs will automatically pull the system back into the engaged position.
  • the fixed actuators are permanently in contact with the rotary part, so that in this condition rotation is prevented or wear is generated between the contacting and relatively moving parts, which may then fail over time.
  • the manoeuvre requires no human intervention in the bolt area.
  • Each one of these movable and fixed parts is sealed, autonomous and independent of the other, and communicates therewith via an interface of planes which are abutted, pushed or pulled relative to each other.
  • the two parts of the device can be moved apart with no consequences other than that of "freezing” the state of the bolts in the position they are in when disconnection occurs, i.e. they remain stable.
  • the manoeuvres of the "bolts" are therefore of the stable and held type, i.e. fully open or fully closed.
  • the fixed part of the device i.e. the one mounted on the fixed part of the rotary head (frame) may be hydraulic, pneumatic or electric.
  • the second part, mounted on the rotary members requires, in order to operate, the displacement of a fluid contained therein in an idle state, which is pressurized by the thrust exerted by members of the device arranged on the fixed part, which come in contact with members of the movable part.
  • the second part must necessarily be hydraulic or pneumatic. Therefore, in the light of the above, the second part or movable portion of the device operates in a bistable manner, controlled by the first part or fixed portion of the device. More in detail, the movable portion can selectively and alternately switch between a stable locked condition and a stable unlocked condition every time the fixed portion of the device exerts a thrust on a fluid contained in the movable portion, in accordance with predefined operating modalities (e.g. as a function of the relative angular positions taken by the fixed portion and by the movable portion).
  • predefined operating modalities e.g. as a function of the relative angular positions taken by the fixed portion and by the movable portion.
  • the movable portion can thus remain in said stable locked condition or in said stable unlocked condition until the fixed portion of the device exerts again a thrust on a fluid contained in the movable portion in accordance with said predefined operating modalities.
  • said movable portion moves and holds the bolts in the locked configuration, wherein they are adapted to lock a tubular element or casing pipe to the rotary part of the rotary head.
  • said movable portion moves and holds the bolts in the unlocked configuration, wherein they are adapted to release a tubular element or casing pipe from the rotary part of the rotary head. This allows the actuating elements to not stay in contact during the rotations.
  • One aspect of the present invention relates to a device having the features set out in the appended claim 1.
  • the portion of the drilling machine illustrated therein shows a rotary table 1, slideable along the guides of a guiding mast (tower) 2, which supports the mechanical members that rotate the rotary part or tubular elements 3 connected to the drill strings (not shown) and to rotary part 15 of the locking device, which is directly connected to pipe pieces 19, about the axis of rotation 4.
  • the locking device is arranged on said rotary table 1 and comprises a fixed portion, indicated by the closed dashed line 50, associated with the fixed part of the rotary table, and a movable portion, indicated by the closed dashed lines 51, associated with rotary part 3 of table 1.
  • the fixed part of rotary table 1 (frame) is meant to be that non-rotating part which can move axially along the axis of rotation 4 through the guides of tower 2.
  • rotary part of rotary table 1 is meant to be that part which includes the mechanical members that comprise and rotate said tubular elements 3.
  • Fixed portion 50 of the device comprises at least one drive actuator 5, preferably a linear one, e.g. of the electric, hydraulic or pneumatic type, the axis of which is preferably parallel to the axis of rotation 4, which is adapted to handle a thrust member 11-11', preferably a linear actuator, through contact with movable portion 51 of the device.
  • drive actuator 5 preferably a linear one, e.g. of the electric, hydraulic or pneumatic type, the axis of which is preferably parallel to the axis of rotation 4, which is adapted to handle a thrust member 11-11', preferably a linear actuator, through contact with movable portion 51 of the device.
  • Said movable portion 51 comprises at least one handling member 16-16' acting upon at least one bolt 17 - 17', which receives the thrust from said thrust member 11-11' when the latter is in contact with actuator 5, and which is adapted to insert or extract, in a stable and held manner, said at least one bolt into/from at least one coupling sleeve defined between the rotary part of the table and the tubular element, fitted or joined one over the other.
  • Said actuator 5 is preferably powered by power hoses or cables 6, 6' connected to a power assembly of the drilling machine; said thrust member comprises a thrust plate 7, which is driven by the actuator for a stroke 8 along the axis of rotation.
  • the handling member comprises at least one locking counterplate 9 and at least one unlocking counterplate 9', adapted to receive the thrust from the thrust plate, e.g. when they are near the same vertical axis, in such a way as to insert or extract said at least one bolt in order to lock or unlock the tubular element to/from the rotary part of the table.
  • the handling member is preferably of the hydraulic type, e.g. a hydraulic linear actuator, and comprises at least one first fluid-containing locking chamber 10 that is pressurized by the downward movement of locking plate 9, through at least one first locking piston 11.
  • At least one pair of locking ducts 12 and 12' carry the fluid from the locking chamber to at least one pair of opposite second locking chambers 13 and 13' of respective cylinders 14 and 14'.
  • the pressure of the fluid in said second chambers pushes pairs of second pistons 16 and 16', which in turn push bolts 17 and 17' along channels 18 and 18', until they enter into holes 20 and 20' of casing pipe 19, thus constraining rotary portion 15 connected to rotary part 3 of table 1 to the same casing pipe 19.
  • matching the holes may be facilitated by radial striker elements ensuring coaxiality of the holes.
  • At least one pair of safety valves 22 or 22' are mounted in line on the pair of locking ducts 12 or 12' to ensure a positive and constant locking of the bolts.
  • the handling member comprises at least one first unlocking chamber 10', which is pressurized by the downward movement of the unlocking plate 9', through at least one first unlocking piston 11'.
  • each cylinder 14 or 14' there is a second unlocking chamber 23 or 23', located on the opposite side of piston 16 or 16' with respect to the second locking chamber 13 or 13'. At least one pair of unlocking ducts 21 and 21' carry the fluid from the first unlocking chamber to the pair of opposite unlocking chambers 23 and 23'.
  • Additional safety valves 24 and 24' mounted in line on ducts 21 and 21' ensure a positive and constant unlocking of the bolts, which have now fully returned into the respective ducts, after having released positively and definitively, i.e. in a stable and held manner, casing pipe 19 from rotary portion 15 connected to rotary part 3 of rotary table 1.
  • both the first locking chamber 10 and the first unlocking chamber 10' have a dual-piston configuration with return springs 25.
  • Volume compensation tank 26 thus allows reducing the quantity of working fluid in rotary part 51 and handling the differential volumes which are created while the bolts are being actuated.
  • unlocking counterplate 9' i.e. the one for releasing bolts 17 and 17', instead of counterplate 9, under thrust plate 7.
  • thrust plate 7 will sink by unlocking quantity 8'.
  • the system will provide for pressurizing unlocking chambers 23 and 23' which, by displacing pistons 16 and 16' in cylinders 14 and 14', will disengage the bolts in a stable and held manner.
  • the number of bolts may be increased; likewise, components 9, 10, 11 (9', 10', 11') of the "movable" secondary part are at least two, but there may be more of them as well.
  • the bolts (two of which are shown herein because this is the minimum number of components in opposing balance) may even be three (arranged at 120°) or more, or anyway in a number sufficient to transmit the required pull and thrust. If the number of bolts increases, they can carry lighter forces and their dimensions can be decreased, resulting in increased radial compactness, reduced dimensions of the fittings to be provided on the casing pipes, and reduced minimum thickness of the bolts themselves.
  • the number of drive actuators 11-11' on the rotary part 51 may be reduced to at least one.
  • a remotely controlled selector valve may divert the flow from a first system, including devices 14-17 adapted to control the locking of bolts, to a second system, including devices 14'-17' adapted to control the unlocking of bolts.
  • the other system elements present in rotary part 51 will be common to both locking and unlocking systems, exactly as shown in Fig. 2 .
  • the simplest embodiment includes at least one linear actuator 5 integral with fixed part 50, which drives at least one linear actuator 11 integral with rotary part 51 via (direct or indirect) mechanical contact that generates the insertion or extraction movement of at least one bolt 17, which thus remains inserted in or extracted from seats 18, 20 of tubular elements 15 and 19 in a stable and held manner.
  • Bolts 17 and 17' have preferably a conical shape in the portion thereof penetrating into holes 20, 20' of casing pipes 19.
  • the same holes 20, 20' may thus have a conical seat, the conicity of which may be equal to or greater than that of bolts 17, in order to facilitate the extraction of the latter.
  • At least one of the two holes may be elliptic in shape, the hole elongating in the horizontal direction. This particular shape will aid the insertion of the bolt into the seat and will allow for less accuracy of the holes themselves (diameter and angular pitch).
  • Bolts 17 and 17' may therefore have a cylindrical shape, with the advantage of a much larger area of contact with the thickness of pipe 19.
  • Cylinders 14 and 14' are preferably but not necessarily arranged radially relative to axis 4, and may also be connected indirectly via suitable links.
  • cylinders 14 and 14' are mounted tangentially to the circumference of the coupling sleeve between the casing pipe and the rotary part of the table.
  • a toroidal chamber 29 is obtained partially (e.g. for one half) in rotary part 15 connected to rotary part 3 of table 1 and partially in casing pipe 19.
  • Said chamber may be of the full-circumference or sector type, as shown in the drawing.
  • piston 16 or 16' pushes into toroidal chamber 29 a bolt consisting of a flexible element 28, e.g. a "chain” made out of rollers (or a rope, or a spring...), said rollers being connected together, the first one of which being connected at one end to the stem of piston 16 or 16'.
  • Said rollers have, preferably but not necessarily, an axis parallel to the axis of rotation 4.
  • Fig. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the present invention, wherein actuator 5 mounted on the fixed part, preferably of the linear type, does not carry the typical thrust plate 7, but an abutment surface 30, represented without limitation herein as a roller.
  • Locking chamber 10 and unlocking chamber 10' are mounted horizontally and tangentially with respect to axis 4. Pressurization of the fluid contained in said chambers still occurs through the sliding motion of the first linear actuator or locking piston 11 and unlocking piston 11', which are secured to counterplates 9 and 9', the surface of which abutting against the sliding part of actuator 5 being now vertical.
  • roller 30 in direction K which is substantially parallel to the direction of axis 4, and the rotation of the rotary part of the table in direction R about axis 4, bring components 30 and 9 or 9' in contact with each other.
  • a further rotation R about axis 4 generates a thrust from counterplate 9 or 9' against roller 30 in direction C-C.
  • This thrust displaces piston 11 or 11' in the fluid chamber 10 or 10', thus locking or unlocking the bolts, as shown in Fig. 1 .
  • Yet another variant concerns the shape of plates 7, 9 and 9'.
  • One of them, e.g. thrust plate 7, may be implemented by means of an idle wheel supported by the actuator. The contact between the plates will be in this case a rolling contact (as opposed to the sliding contact of the previous solution), and this may promote relative radial movements which could be necessary to aid the insertion of bolts 17 and 17', also when the surfaces are in contact with each other.
  • the system is pressurized by an in-line valve, which is needed to increase the pressure upstream of the cylinders, and which also allows charging accumulator 27. In this manner, the energy produced is released all of a sudden, thereby having an impulsive effect upon the bolts, which can thus enter into the respective seats more rapidly.
  • Bolt 17 and 17' normally cylindrical in shape, may be modified to become an actuating cylinder. At the outermost part in the radial direction, there may be an increased diameter allowing insertion and extraction movements. This will result in the elimination of cylinders 16 and 16'.
  • bolts 17 and 17' may also be prismatic and elongated, so as to transmit also the transversal loads generated by torque transmission, thereby avoiding the need for radial strikers mounted on the casing pipes specifically for this purpose.
  • the first locking and unlocking cylinders 10, 10' may be single, as shown in Fig. 1 , or double (or more), as shown in the diagram of Fig. 2 ; they may also be arranged horizontally, tangential to the rotary part of the table. In this manner, plate 7 may no longer be horizontal, but substantially vertical, and the same layout should also be applied to counterplates 9 and 9'.
  • at least one of them (7 or 9 and 9') may be shaped like a plate positioned parallel to a radial axis, and the countering plate should also be shaped like a plate or, as aforesaid, like a wheel in order to exploit the rolling effect.
  • the present invention achieves the following advantages: its application allows casing pipes to be mounted automatically under the rotary table, without human intervention except for the operator at the controls.
  • Machine secondary system part 51 is completely separated from the machine, in that it is autonomous, sealed and independent. All components (tank, cylinders, valves, accumulator) are mounted on the rotary part of the string and require no power connection to the remaining part of the equipment.
  • the fluid that powers the secondary system may be different from the one that powers the primary system.
  • the application of the invention to the "movable" secondary system may be hydraulic, thus avoiding those problems which are typical of the sliding contacts employed in prior-art solutions, which are not compatible with the working environment of the present machinery, i.e. drilling machines.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
EP12159469.1A 2011-03-22 2012-03-14 Vorrichtung zur verriegelung von rohrförmigen elementen Active EP2503092B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000248A ITTO20110248A1 (it) 2011-03-22 2011-03-22 Dispositivo di bloccaggio per elementi tubolari.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2503092A1 true EP2503092A1 (de) 2012-09-26
EP2503092B1 EP2503092B1 (de) 2016-04-27

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103075109A (zh) * 2013-03-13 2013-05-01 三一重工股份有限公司 旋挖钻机及其随动架
US10113619B2 (en) * 2013-12-09 2018-10-30 Stahl- und Apparatebau Hans Leffer GmbH & Co. KG Locking device and locking method for the tool holder of a drilling system

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1812721A (en) * 1927-07-09 1931-06-30 Sheldon Machinery Corp Well drilling apparatus
DE3642387A1 (de) * 1986-12-11 1988-06-30 Delmag Maschinenfabrik Einrichtung zum indrehungsetzen und axialen bewegen von bohrrohrstraengen
DE3721448A1 (de) 1987-06-30 1989-01-19 Bilfinger Berger Bau Bohrrohradapter
DE19621849A1 (de) 1996-05-30 1997-03-06 Bilfinger Berger Bau Einrichtung zum Indrehungversetzen und axialen Bewegen von Bohrrohrsträngen
DE10023467C1 (de) * 2000-05-12 2001-09-27 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Bohrvorrichtung
US6488094B1 (en) * 2001-07-25 2002-12-03 Delmc, Inc. Method and apparatus for shutting off upward flow from a conduit
EP1624151A2 (de) * 2004-07-17 2006-02-08 ABF- Bohrtechnik GmbH & Co KG Aufnahme für rohrförmiges Bohrwerkzeug
DE102006022613A1 (de) 2006-05-15 2007-11-22 Klemm Bohrtechnik Zweigniederlassung Der Bauer Maschinen Gmbh Bohrantriebseinheit, Bohrgestängeelement und Bohrverfahren
EP1860275A1 (de) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-28 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Kupplungsvorrichtung

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1812721A (en) * 1927-07-09 1931-06-30 Sheldon Machinery Corp Well drilling apparatus
DE3642387A1 (de) * 1986-12-11 1988-06-30 Delmag Maschinenfabrik Einrichtung zum indrehungsetzen und axialen bewegen von bohrrohrstraengen
DE3721448A1 (de) 1987-06-30 1989-01-19 Bilfinger Berger Bau Bohrrohradapter
DE19621849A1 (de) 1996-05-30 1997-03-06 Bilfinger Berger Bau Einrichtung zum Indrehungversetzen und axialen Bewegen von Bohrrohrsträngen
DE10023467C1 (de) * 2000-05-12 2001-09-27 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Bohrvorrichtung
US6488094B1 (en) * 2001-07-25 2002-12-03 Delmc, Inc. Method and apparatus for shutting off upward flow from a conduit
EP1624151A2 (de) * 2004-07-17 2006-02-08 ABF- Bohrtechnik GmbH & Co KG Aufnahme für rohrförmiges Bohrwerkzeug
EP1860275A1 (de) * 2006-04-26 2007-11-28 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Kupplungsvorrichtung
DE102006022613A1 (de) 2006-05-15 2007-11-22 Klemm Bohrtechnik Zweigniederlassung Der Bauer Maschinen Gmbh Bohrantriebseinheit, Bohrgestängeelement und Bohrverfahren

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103075109A (zh) * 2013-03-13 2013-05-01 三一重工股份有限公司 旋挖钻机及其随动架
US10113619B2 (en) * 2013-12-09 2018-10-30 Stahl- und Apparatebau Hans Leffer GmbH & Co. KG Locking device and locking method for the tool holder of a drilling system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2503092B1 (de) 2016-04-27
ITTO20110248A1 (it) 2012-09-23

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