EP2500978B1 - Transition de guide d'onde - Google Patents
Transition de guide d'onde Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2500978B1 EP2500978B1 EP20110158700 EP11158700A EP2500978B1 EP 2500978 B1 EP2500978 B1 EP 2500978B1 EP 20110158700 EP20110158700 EP 20110158700 EP 11158700 A EP11158700 A EP 11158700A EP 2500978 B1 EP2500978 B1 EP 2500978B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- waveguide
- transition
- substrate
- circuit board
- siw
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 title claims description 75
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
- H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced lines or devices with unbalanced lines or devices
- H01P5/107—Hollow-waveguide/strip-line transitions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
- H01P5/082—Transitions between hollow waveguides of different shape, e.g. between a rectangular and a circular waveguide
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of radio frequency communication, and more particularly to a transition between a microstrip and a waveguide.
- Wireless transmission of a radio frequency signal generally requires delivering the signal carrying considerable power to the transmission antenna, which is best obtained by means of a conventional rectangular waveguide, i.e. a rectangular tube, connected with the antenna.
- a conventional rectangular waveguide i.e. a rectangular tube
- the term "waveguide” used alone means such a conventional rectangular waveguide.
- a circuit board environment is preferred, employing inter alia microstrips.
- the transition is sensitive as regards the mutual position of the ridge and the microstrip. For instance, only a minor lateral displacement causes a large attenuation of the signal due to mismatch of the characteristic impedances of the ridge and the microstrip, respectively, at the transition.
- the relative reflected power, or return loss, at a lateral displacement of about 0.5% of the wavelength, i.e. about 0.025 mm is about 20 dB, which is a limit of acceptance.
- a transition between a microstrip and a waveguide comprising a rectangular waveguide having a floor, side walls, a ceiling, and a transition end; a microstrip; and a substrate integrated waveguide.
- the rectangular waveguide is coupled to the substrate integrated waveguide at a first end of the substrate integrated waveguide.
- the microstrip is coupled to the substrate integrated waveguide at a second end thereof.
- the rectangular waveguide comprises a ridge attached to the ceiling, extending along a portion of the rectangular waveguide, and having a first end portion which is engaged with a portion of a top layer of the substrate integrated waveguide at its first end.
- the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) as an intermediate portion of the transition between the microstrip and the waveguide. Measurements as well as simulations have revealed that the transition between the SIW and the waveguide is substantially less sensitive to position displacements, lateral as well as longitudinal, between the ridge of the waveguide and the SIW.
- the displacement causing the same relative reflected power i.e. 20 dB
- the displacement causing the same relative reflected power is 5% of the wavelength, which is 10 times as high tolerance as in the prior art transition between the mircrostrip and the waveguide. More particularly, 5% at 60 GHz corresponds to about 0.25 mm, which is a low accuracy in the present field of technology.
- the frequency range for application of the invention is by no means limited to a narrow range, it is useful for the whole range of radio frequency communication, which is currently regarded to be from about 30 kHz to about 300 GHz.
- the characteristic impedance of the waveguide and the characteristic impedance of the substrate integrated waveguide are matched to each other, which provides for a maximum transfer of power from one to the other.
- At least an area of the substrate integrated waveguide extending between the transition end of the waveguide and the microstrip is covered by a solid metallic enclosure.
- the floor and a portion of each side wall close to the floor end at the edge of the first end of the circuit board, the floor being coplanar with a bottom surface thereof, while the rest of the waveguide extends along a portion of a top surface of the circuit board.
- the substrate integrated waveguide is included in a circuit board at a first end thereof.
- the circuit board comprises a substrate, wherein an end portion of the circuit board, at the first end thereof, comprises an uncovered portion of the substrate, and wherein a portion of the ridge adjacent to its end portion extends along the uncovered portion of the substrate.
- the circuit board has a narrowed end portion at its first end, which narrowed end portion extends into the waveguide. This is another advantageous way of aligning the floor of the waveguide with the ground plane of the SIW in order to facilitate for the propagation of the electric field through the SIW to continue into the waveguide.
- the transition comprises a solid metal housing having two halves, wherein a bottom part of the waveguide is formed in a first half of the housing and a top part of the waveguide, including the ridge, is formed in a second half of the housing, and wherein at least the first half of the housing comprises a first seat in which a circuit board including the substrate integrated waveguide and the microstrip is arranged.
- the first half of the housing comprises a wall section, which is arranged at the transition end of the rectangular waveguide, and which is in engagement with the substrate integrated waveguide and extends transverse thereof.
- the waveguide is separated from the SIW and mictrostrip and it is possible to form a tight enclosure enclosing the SIW and mictrostrip.
- the transition 100 comprises a rectangular waveguide 102 having a floor 104, side walls 106, and a ceiling 108, a microstrip 110, and a substrate integrated waveguide 112.
- the waveguide 102 is arranged in engagement with the substrate integrated waveguide, or SIW, 112, at a transition end 114 of the waveguide 102.
- the waveguide 102 extends over a portion of the SIW 112 including a first end 116 thereof.
- the microstrip 110 is coupled to the SIW 112 at a second end thereof, wherein there is a continuous transition from the top layer of the microstrip 110 to the top layer of the SIW 112.
- the rectangular waveguide 102 comprises a ridge 118 attached to the ceiling 108, extending along a portion of the rectangular waveguide 102, and having a first end portion 120 which is engaged with a portion of the top layer 122 of the SIW at its first end 116.
- the waveguide 102 is partly cut away at the transition end 114, in order to show the structure of the very transition between the SIW 112 and the waveguide 102.
- the actual extension of the side walls 106 of the waveguide 102 is indicated by a broken line on the top layer 122 of the SIW 112. Additionally referring to e.g. Fig.
- the SIW 310 is a kind of a waveguide having a layered structure of a ground plane 312, of a conductive material such as a metal, at the bottom of the structure, a substrate 314, of a dielectric material, in the middle, a top layer 316, of a conductive material such as a metal, and one or more rows of vias 318, which are through holes comprising a conductive material, typically an inside metal plating, connecting the top layer 316 with the ground plane 312.
- the vias 318 simulate the walls of a rectangular waveguide.
- a microstrip as understood by the skilled person, is a layer structure of a ground plane 304, a substrate 306, and a top layer 308, which parts have the similar characteristics as the corresponding parts of the SIW 310.
- the SIW 112, and the microstrip 110 are arranged on a circuit board 124, only a portion of which is shown in Fig. 1 , and which may comprise other circuits as well.
- the microstrip 110 includes different signal processing portions, for instance filters, amplifiers, mixers, switches and other active and passive circuits.
- the SIW 112 comprises double rows of vias at its opposite longitudinal edges 126, 128. However, single or multiple rows of vias can be used.
- the top layer of the SIW 112 is removed at an end portion 130 of the SIW 112 at the first end 116 thereof, which is also a first end of the circuit board 124.
- the end portion 130 of the SIW 112 is still regarded as a part of the SIW although it is missing the top layer 122, since the rest of the SIW structure remain with via edges 126, 128, 318, ground plane 312 and substrate 314, and since, due to the ridge 118, the signal propagation is kept within the structure.
- the SIW 112 is broadened at the end portion 130, such that the walls 106 of the waveguide 102 extend just inside of the edges 126, 128 of the SIW 112, while at the adjacent portion of the SIW 112 where the ridge 118 engages the top layer 122 of the SIW 112 the side walls 106 of the waveguide 102 extends just outside of the edges 126, 128 of the SIW 112.
- This embodiment of the SIW 112 is more clearly shown in Figs. 5a and 5b , where the same reference numbers as above have been used for denoting the different parts and portions of the SIW 112.
- Fig. 5a shows a cut off portion of the circuit board 124, at a first end thereof, which includes the SIW 112. The position of the ridge 118 has been indicated with broken lines.
- the SIW 600 is not broadened at an end portion but it has straight via edges 602.
- an end portion 604 of the circuit board 606 has been narrowed at a first end 607 thereof, to the width of the SIW 600.
- the end portion 604 extends into the waveguide 608 at the transition end thereof, where the ridge 610 is engaged with the top layer 612 of the SIW 600.
- a groove 614 has been formed in the floor 616 of the waveguide 608, and the ground plane 618 of the SIW 600 has been received in the groove 614.
- the transition comprises a housing, which consists of two solid metal halves 200, 202, as shown in Figs. 2a and 2b .
- a bottom part 204 of the waveguide is formed as a bottom groove in a first half 200 of the housing, and a top part 206 of the waveguide, including the ridge 118, is formed in a second half 202 of the housing.
- the top part 206 of the waveguide includes a top groove 208 formed in the second half 202, the top groove 208 being defined by the ceiling 108, and by a major part of the side walls 106 mentioned above.
- the bottom part, or bottom groove, 204 of the waveguide is defined by the floor 104 and by minor parts of the side walls 106.
- the ridge 118 is formed as a ridge of material left in the middle of the top groove 208, and it has its full height at a transition portion 210 at the first end 212 thereof.
- the transition portion 210 includes the end portion and the portion adjacent thereto mentioned above, and it extends a distance towards a second opposite end 214 of the ridge 118.
- the height of the ridge 118 decreases, stepwise in this embodiment, to zero along a transformation portion 216 extending from the transition portion 210 to the second end 214.
- the decrease can be continuous, such as having a curved periphery, or any other kind of gradual transformation.
- the first half 200 of the housing comprises a first seat 218 in which the circuit board 124 including the SIW 112 and the microstrip 110 has been received.
- the bottom groove 204 extends to the seat 218, and the first end 116 of the circuit board 124 is positioned adjacent to the end of the bottom groove 204.
- the top groove 208 ends a bit ahead of the first end 212 of the ridge 118. That end of the top groove 208 constitutes the transition end 114 of the waveguide.
- a wall section 220 is arranged at the transition end 114, and it is followed by a large recess 222. When the two halves 200, 202 have been mounted together, the wall section 220 is in engagement with the SIW 112 and extends transverse thereof. Further, the recess 222 forms a space above the rest of the circuit board 124.
- Figs. 3a to 3f, and Fig. 4 the signal propagation through the transition will be explained.
- the signal is propagated from the microstrip to the waveguide.
- the microstrip 302 comprising a ground plane 304, a substrate 306, and a top layer 308, and being enclosed by the walls defining the recess 222, the major part of the signal energy propagates through the substrate 306, as shown in Fig. 3a .
- the cross-section of Fig. 3a is taken along line A-A in Fig. 4 .
- Fig. 3b shows the SIW 310, which is also enclosed in the recess 222, and which comprises a ground plane 312, which is another portion of the same layer as used for the microstrip 302, a substrate 314, a top layer 316, and plated vias 318 connecting the top layer 316 with the ground plane 312.
- the signal energy is kept within the substrate 314.
- Fig. 3c is a cross-section taken along line B-B in Fig. 4 .
- the top layer 316 of the SIW 310 has been removed, uncovering the substrate 314.
- the ridge 118 takes the role of the top layer, and the signal can continue to propagate through the substrate 314. See Fig. 3e , which is a cross-section along line C-C in Fig. 4 .
- the ground plane 310 is aligned with the floor 104 of the waveguide 102, and it is possible for the signal to continue from the end of the SIW 310, 112 and the circuit board 124 into the gap between the ridge 118 and the floor 104, as shown in Fig. 3f .
- the transition is completed.
- the ground plane of the SIW 700 is not integrated in the circuit board. Instead, the ground plane 702 is integrated in the first half of the housing. More particularly, the circuit board part of the SIW 700 comprises a substrate 704, a top layer 706, and vias 708, while the ground plane 702 is provided by the housing, i.e. the metal of the housing located beneath the substrate 704 constitutes the ground plane 702.
- the substrate 704 is arranged in engagement with the ground plane 702, and it is preferably rigidly attached to the ground plane 702 by means of soldering, adhesive bonding, or the like.
- the SIW 700 can be received in a recess of the housing as in the above embodiments. The housing still provides the ground plane.
Landscapes
- Waveguides (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Claims (10)
- Transition entre un microruban et un guide d'onde, comprenant :- un guide d'onde rectangulaire (102) ayant un plancher (104), des parois latérales (106), un plafond (108) et une extrémité de transition ;- un microruban (110) ; et- un guide d'onde intégré au substrat (112) ;dans laquelle le guide d'onde rectangulaire (102), à l'extrémité de transition de celui-ci, est couplé au guide d'onde intégré au substrat (112) à une première extrémité du guide d'onde intégré au substrat (112), dans laquelle le microruban (110) est couplé au guide d'onde intégré au substrat (112) à une deuxième extrémité de celui-ci, et dans laquelle le guide d'onde rectangulaire (102) comprend une arête (118) attachée au plafond (108), s'étendant le long d'une portion du guide d'onde rectangulaire (102), et ayant une première portion d'extrémité qui est mise en prise avec une portion d'une surface supérieure du guide d'onde intégré au substrat (112) à sa première extrémité.
- Transition selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'impédance caractéristique du guide d'onde et l'impédance caractéristique du guide d'onde intégré au substrat correspondent l'une à l'autre.
- Transition selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle au moins une zone du guide d'onde intégré au substrat s'étendant entre l'extrémité de transition du guide d'onde et le microruban est recouverte d'une enceinte métallique solide.
- Transition selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le guide d'onde intégré au substrat est inclus dans une carte de circuit à une première extrémité de celui-ci.
- Transition selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle, à l'extrémité de transition du guide d'onde, le plancher et une portion de chaque paroi latérale proche du plancher se terminent au bord de la première extrémité de la carte de circuit, le plancher étant coplanaire avec une surface inférieure de celui-ci, alors que le reste du guide d'onde s'étend le long d'une portion d'une surface supérieure de la carte de circuit.
- Transition selon la revendication 4 ou 5, dans laquelle la carte de circuit comprend un substrat, dans laquelle une portion d'extrémité de la carte de circuit, à la première extrémité de celle-ci, comprend une portion découverte du substrat, et dans laquelle une portion de l'arête adjacente à sa portion d'extrémité s'étend le long de la portion découverte du substrat.
- Transition selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle la carte de circuit comprend une portion d'extrémité rétrécie à sa première extrémité, laquelle portion d'extrémité rétrécie s'étend dans le guide d'onde.
- Transition selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant un boîtier métallique solide comportant deux moitiés, dans laquelle une partie inférieure du guide d'onde est constituée dans une première moitié du boîtier et une partie supérieure du guide d'onde, comprenant l'arête, est constituée dans une deuxième moitié du boîtier, et dans laquelle au moins la première moitié du boîtier comprend un premier siège dans lequel une carte de circuit comprenant le guide d'onde intégré au substrat et le microruban est agencée.
- Transition selon la revendication 8, dans laquelle la deuxième moitié du boîtier comprend une section de paroi, qui est agencée à l'extrémité de transition du guide d'onde rectangulaire, et qui est en prise avec le guide d'onde intégré au substrat et s'étend transversalement à celui-ci.
- Transition selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 et 9, dans laquelle la carte de circuit comprend un substrat et une couche supérieure du guide d'onde intégré au substrat, et le boîtier comprend un plan de masse du guide d'onde intégré au substrat, et dans laquelle le substrat est en prise avec le plan de masse.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20110158700 EP2500978B1 (fr) | 2011-03-17 | 2011-03-17 | Transition de guide d'onde |
PCT/EP2012/054421 WO2012123473A1 (fr) | 2011-03-17 | 2012-03-14 | Transition entre guides d'ondes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20110158700 EP2500978B1 (fr) | 2011-03-17 | 2011-03-17 | Transition de guide d'onde |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2500978A1 EP2500978A1 (fr) | 2012-09-19 |
EP2500978B1 true EP2500978B1 (fr) | 2013-07-10 |
Family
ID=44370639
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20110158700 Active EP2500978B1 (fr) | 2011-03-17 | 2011-03-17 | Transition de guide d'onde |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2500978B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2012123473A1 (fr) |
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US9444135B2 (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2016-09-13 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | Integrated circuit package |
US9620841B2 (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2017-04-11 | Nxp Usa, Inc. | Radio frequency coupling structure |
US9887449B2 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2018-02-06 | Nxp Usa, Inc. | Radio frequency coupling structure and a method of manufacturing thereof |
US9917372B2 (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2018-03-13 | Nxp Usa, Inc. | Integrated circuit package with radio frequency coupling arrangement |
CN108604722A (zh) * | 2016-02-12 | 2018-09-28 | 瑞典爱立信有限公司 | 包括siw与波导或天线之间的非接触过渡或连接的过渡装置 |
US10103447B2 (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2018-10-16 | Nxp Usa, Inc. | Integrated circuit package with radio frequency coupling structure |
US10225925B2 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2019-03-05 | Nxp Usa, Inc. | Radio frequency coupling and transition structure |
WO2021123111A1 (fr) | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-24 | 2Pi-Labs Gmbh | Agencement de guide d'ondes creux |
US11728576B2 (en) | 2020-10-02 | 2023-08-15 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Plastic air-waveguide antenna with conductive particles |
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JPS5846702A (ja) * | 1981-09-11 | 1983-03-18 | Nec Corp | 直流阻止形リツジ導波管・マイクロストリツプライン変換器 |
ATE199995T1 (de) | 1996-09-13 | 2001-04-15 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum inertisieren eines generators in einem kraftwerk |
US7064633B2 (en) * | 2002-07-13 | 2006-06-20 | The Chinese University Of Hong Kong | Waveguide to laminated waveguide transition and methodology |
US7068121B2 (en) * | 2003-06-30 | 2006-06-27 | Tyco Technology Resources | Apparatus for signal transitioning from a device to a waveguide |
JP5179570B2 (ja) * | 2008-03-31 | 2013-04-10 | 京セラ株式会社 | 高周波モジュールおよびその製造方法ならびに該高周波モジュールを備えた送信器、受信器、送受信器およびレーダ装置 |
-
2011
- 2011-03-17 EP EP20110158700 patent/EP2500978B1/fr active Active
-
2012
- 2012-03-14 WO PCT/EP2012/054421 patent/WO2012123473A1/fr active Application Filing
Cited By (10)
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US9620841B2 (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2017-04-11 | Nxp Usa, Inc. | Radio frequency coupling structure |
US9917372B2 (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2018-03-13 | Nxp Usa, Inc. | Integrated circuit package with radio frequency coupling arrangement |
US10103447B2 (en) | 2014-06-13 | 2018-10-16 | Nxp Usa, Inc. | Integrated circuit package with radio frequency coupling structure |
US9887449B2 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2018-02-06 | Nxp Usa, Inc. | Radio frequency coupling structure and a method of manufacturing thereof |
US10225925B2 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2019-03-05 | Nxp Usa, Inc. | Radio frequency coupling and transition structure |
US9444135B2 (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2016-09-13 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | Integrated circuit package |
CN108604722A (zh) * | 2016-02-12 | 2018-09-28 | 瑞典爱立信有限公司 | 包括siw与波导或天线之间的非接触过渡或连接的过渡装置 |
CN108604722B (zh) * | 2016-02-12 | 2021-04-16 | 瑞典爱立信有限公司 | 包括siw与波导或天线之间的非接触过渡或连接的过渡装置 |
WO2021123111A1 (fr) | 2019-12-20 | 2021-06-24 | 2Pi-Labs Gmbh | Agencement de guide d'ondes creux |
US11728576B2 (en) | 2020-10-02 | 2023-08-15 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Plastic air-waveguide antenna with conductive particles |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2500978A1 (fr) | 2012-09-19 |
WO2012123473A1 (fr) | 2012-09-20 |
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