Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06C—LADDERS
  • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
  • E06C7/18—Devices for preventing persons from falling
  • E06C7/186—Rail or rope for guiding a safety attachment, e.g. a fall arrest system
  • E06C7/187—Guiding rail
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
  • A62B1/00—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like
  • A62B1/06—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices
  • A62B1/14—Devices for lowering persons from buildings or the like by making use of rope-lowering devices with brakes sliding on the rope
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
  • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
  • A62B35/00—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion
  • A62B35/04—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion incorporating energy absorbing means

Definitions

• the invention relates to a slider for a climbing protection system to protect a person from falls on ladders having C-profiled guide rails, comprising a slider body, which can be moved up and down in a profile interior of the guide rail, comprising a detent pawl, which in the locking state engages in latching devices within the guide rail, and comprising a first roller pair and a second roller pair for guiding the slider in the profile interior of the guide rail, wherein the first roller pair, for fitting of the slider on the guide rail, can be twisted relative to the slider body about an axis running perpendicular to a rotation axis of the rollers of the first roller pair.
• the slider of the generic type has a front roller pair, which is arranged rigidly on the slider body, and a rear roller pair, which is mounted twistably on the slider body and is arranged between the rigid roller pair and a detent pawl.
• the detent pawl is configured rigidly on the slider body and a further roller pair interacts with the rigid, front roller pair, the distance between these two roller pairs being somewhat larger than the material thickness of the guide flanges of the C-profile of the guide rail.
• the slider is attached to the guide rail in such a way that the rigid roller pair intrudes into the profile interior and the thereto assigned second rigid roller is situated outside the guide rail, so as then to orientate the two front roller pairs, by 90° rotation of the guide slide, such that the rollers of the front and lower- lying rigid roller pair bear from inside, and the rollers of the further roller pair assigned to the rigid roller pair bear from outside against the guide flanges of the guide rail.
• the pivotable roller pair In order then to anchor the slider in the guide rail, the pivotable roller pair is twisted through 90°, whereby the slider body, together with the twistable roller pair and the detent pawl, can intrude into the profile interior, so as then to secure the slider body in the profile interior of the guide rail by back-rotation of the movable roller pair.
• the pivot for the twistable roller pair is provided with a U-shaped notch, into which a hook- in pawl for a harness worn by a person using the arresting device is inserted and anchored.
• the hook- in pawl is mounted pivotably on the slider body and is locked in place on the U-shaped segment of the pivot, in order that the proper securement of the slider in the guide rail is indicated also visually via the hook-in pawl of the person.
• a gravity- actuated locking device is assigned to the hook-in pawl.
• This arresting device operates according to the back-pull principle, and the slider can be moved in the guide rail only when a person, via his harness, exerts a certain traction force upon the slider in order, by the traction, to pivot the detent pawl counter to the restoring force of a compression spring into an unlocking position. Since both roller pairs of this carriage cannot be twisted, the carriage can be introduced into and removed from the guide rail only at positions at which a notch exists as a lead-in and lead-out point.
• the object of the invention is to provide a slider for a climbing protection system for ladders having a C-profiled guide rail, which slider can be attached in any chosen position to the guide rail, can be easily operated both by left-handed and right-handed persons and disengages quickly and reliably in the event of a fall.
• the second roller pair is mounted on a slider carriage connected to the slider body tiltably about a tilt axis running parallel to the rotation axis of the second roller pair, and/or that the rollers of the second roller pair are arranged on a shaft mounted floatingly on the slider.
• the slider is inserted from a starting position in which the slider body stands perpendicular to the actual running direction of the slider; however, the rear roller pair arranged on the tiltable slider carriage is first introduced into the profile interior, so as only afterwards, with the secure engagement of the rear roller pair within the guide rail, to rotate the slider in the running direction.
• the tilt axis between the slider body, to which the first, twistable roller pair is assigned, and the slider carriage, to which the second roller pair is assigned, can facilitate the initial fitting of the slider on the guide rail, since the additional degree of freedom enables the slider body to be angled off for an insertion of that roller pair which is located on the slider carriage and is first to be inserted on the guide rail.
• the additional tilt axis between the two roller pairs also has the effect that the slider, particularly in the event of a fall, with the load being taken off the roller pairs, can wedge in the profile interior of the guide rail. As a result of the jamming of the slider within the guide rail, the roller pair located on the slider carriage can be almost fully relieved of the forces generated in the fall.
• the detent pawl is also able to sink considerably lower into the latching cutouts than was the case in the known slides having front and rear roller pairs without tilt axis therebetween.
• the floating mounting of the second roller pair which mounting, where necessary, is alternatively or additionally provided, facilitates the insertion and improves the running characteristics, since the roller pair can adapt to the interior within the C- profile of the guide rail and can compensate for and prevent jams when the slider is unevenly twisted in the direction of use. Also when the slider is moved up and down in the guide rail, the floating mounting of the rear, trailing roller pair improves the overall running characteristics of the slider within the profile of the guide rail.
• the floating mounting is achieved by the fact that the slider carriage is provided close to its rear end with a through bore, and the rollers of the second roller pair are mounted preferably rotatably on a shaft which is accommodated in this through bore in the slider carriage such that it is displaceable transversely to the shaft axis.
• the slider carriage forms in the usage state the rear end of the slider.
• the detent pawl is preferably mounted pivotably on the slider body and is biased in the locking position by means of at least one spring, preferably two springs acting in mutually differing directions.
• at least one spring preferably two springs acting in mutually differing directions.
• on the slider carriage and on the slider body interacting surfaces in particular edge surfaces, are provided, with which the tilt angle of the slider carriage can be or is limited relative to the slider body by positive engagement.
• the edge surfaces can be formed, in particular, by means of the profiling of the rear side of the slider body and the edges of step-like tapers on the slider carriage, with which a tapered bearing arm is created on the slider carriage.
• the limitation of the tilt angle in particular in the tensile load direction, i.e.
• the tilt limitation is preferably realized on both sides, in which case it is in particular advantageous if the tilting motion is limited in one direction in such a way that, in one tilt end position, the first rotation axis, the second rotation axis and the tilt axis for the slider carriage lie in one plane, whilst in the second tilt end position, the tilt axis lies displaced, relative to the two rotation axes of the roller pairs, to the rear side of the guide rail, i.e.
• rollers of the first roller pair are preferably mounted on a bearing block held
• the slider according to the invention is intended, in particular, for use on asymmetrical guide rails in which the guide flanges of the C-profile have different lengths. In guide rails of asymmetrical C-profile, it is relatively easy to ensure that the slider is inserted into the guide rail only in the correct motional direction, i.e.
• rollers of the first roller pair are arranged asymmetrically, with fixed and mutually differing distance to the bearing block otherwise positioned on the middle of the slider body.
• the asymmetrical position of the rollers of the first roller pair relative to the bearing block determines the installation position on the asymmetrical guide rail, in this embodiment, in particular, the floating mounting of the second roller pair improving the running characteristics and allowing the slider to be inserted into or removed from the guide rail from both possible starting positions.
• these rollers can be mounted rotatably on a roller shaft which is configured or anchored on the bearing block in a motionally fixed manner.
• the bearing block can be partially provided on the end face with a recess and the slider body has on the end face a projection jutting into the recess, the recess and the projection permitting a twisting of the bearing block only in one direction and blocking it in the opposite direction in order constructively to ensure, particularly in asymmetrical guide rails, that an incorrect insertion is not obtained as a result of the bearing block being incorrectly twisted into the wrong position.
• the pivot can, in particular, be provided with a locking device, which permits a
• the detent pawl has a pawl shaft provided with a locking tongue which, in order to prevent misuse, interacts positively with the locking device for the pivot of the first roller pair.
• the locking device can, in particular, have a locking plate connected in a rotationally secure manner to the rotary shaft for the bearing block, and a locking boss biased towards the rotary shaft and bearing against the locking plate, a locking depression for the engagement of the locking boss in the locking position of the pivot or of the bearing block being configured on the periphery of the locking plate.
• the locking depression can consist, in particular, of a step on the locking plate periphery, which step is adjoined by a curved sliding portion, to enable the pivot or the bearing block for the first roller pair to be twisted with little effort for insertion or removal of the slider into or from the guide rail, whilst the locking boss presses onto the sliding portion on the periphery of the locking plate.
• the locking boss is arranged between the detent pawl and the first roller pair and/or if the detent pawl is arranged between the roller pairs, since then the locking device, the locking boss and the detent pawl, in particular with its locking tongue, can be arranged in line, and the position of the locking plate at the same time influences a possible position or movement of the detent pawl. A movement of the detent pawl out of its locking position is hence prevented until such time as the front, movable first roller pair is orientated exactly within the guide rail and this orientation is also fixed with the locking device.
• FIG. 1 shows selectively a ladder having a climbing protection system, and a person utilizing the ladder and the climbing protection system, in side view;
• FIG. 3 shows a sectional view through a slider according to the invention in accordance with Fig. 2, but with straight- standing slider carriage;
• FIG. 4 shows a slider according to the invention in usage position on a partially
• FIG. 5 shows a slider according to the invention in starting position prior to insertion on a guide rail of asymmetrical C-profile, in side view;
• FIG. 6 shows in perspective view an intermediate step in the insertion of the slider on a guide rail
• FIG. 7 shows in side view a further intermediate step in the insertion of the slider prior to the twisting of the front roller pair
• FIG. 9 shows in perspective view in accordance with Fig. 8 the slider with front roller pair in the usage position
• Fig. 10 shows in perspective view in accordance with Fig. 8 the slider in the usage position, with unlocked detent pawl.
• the person 2 is wearing a belt system 2A, which is hooked onto a snap hook 6, which, in the shown illustrative embodiment, interacts via a band-type fall damper 7 with a detent pawl 11 on the slider 10.
• the person 2 when climbing up or down the ladder 1, can exert a back-pull on the snap hook 6 and, to this extent, on the detent pawl 11 of the slider 10, by which back-pull, as is known to the person skilled in the art, the detent pawl 11 mounted in a spring-loaded manner on the slider 10 can be pivoted in order that the detent pawl is released from latching cutouts (8, Fig.
• the detent pawl 11 engages correspondingly in the latching cutout (8, Fig. 6) in order to protect the person 2 from falling with the slider 10 running in the guide rail 4.
• the detent pawl 11 on the slider 10 is configured such that it always engages in the latching cutouts on the guide rail 4 as long as no back-pull is applied away from the guide rail 4 to the slider 10. Since this basic working principle of slides for climbing protection systems is known to the person skilled in the art, no further description is given of this working principle.
• Figs. 2 to 4 show the slider 10 according to the invention according to an, in
• the band-type fall damper 7 and the snap hook 6 for hooking onto the belt system being partially omitted, since they normally form no constituent part of the slider 10 and could be replaced by other identically working or similarly working climbing protection elements of choice.
• the slider 10 has as basic elements a slider body 14, an, in the usage position of the slider 10 during upward climbing, upper or front first roller pair 15, fastened, as will be explained in greater detail below, twistably to the slider body 14, and a rear, second roller pair 21.
• the slider body 14 is here formed by a box- shaped cast part or welded part and has a protruding front part 16 having a rotary receiving fixture 17 for a pivot 18, which in the shown illustrative embodiment is integrally provided with a bearing block 19 for the reception of a roller shaft 20 for the front roller pair 15.
• the bearing block 19 can be manually twisted, by turning the large-area rotary knob 40 through 90° from the position shown in Fig.
• the detent pawl 11 is suspended from the slider body 14 pivotably about a pivot pin 22, for which purpose the pivot pin 22 reaches through through bores on a middle part 23 of the slider body 14.
• the detent pawl 11 itself sits within an upwardly and downwardly open interior 14A, which is surrounded in a cage-like manner by the slider body 14, the detent pawl 11, as the sectional view in Fig.
• the second, rear roller pair 21 is not statically mounted on the slider body 14, but is movable relative to the slider body, since it is mounted on a slider carriage 30 which can tilt so as to be tiltably movable to a limited extent relative to the slider body 14 about a tilt axis produced by means of a tilt pin 31, as a comparison of Figs. 2 and 3, with the different end positions for the slider carriage 30, clearly shows.
• a roller shaft 20 for the front roller pair 15, the tilt pin 31 for the slider carriage 30 and a shaft 27 for the rollers 21 A of the second roller pair 21 lie in alignment in one plane, the tilt position shown in Fig.
• the slider body 14 forms on its rear part 26 a fork end, to which the tilt pin 31 for the slider carriage 30 is fastened; the slider carriage 30 intrudes with a front, tapered bearing arm into the fork space on the rear part 26.
• the back edge of the rear part 26 of the slider body 14 runs partially with a portion 29' perpendicular to the bottom side of the slider body 14 and partially with a further portion 29" obliquely at that angle which, in the shown illustrative embodiment, limits the maximum tilt angle of the slider carriage 30 of here around 25°.
• Marginal edges 33 on the slider carriage 30 respectively interact with the portions 29', 29" of the back edge of the rear part 26 of the slider body 14, via which marginal edges the slider carriage 30 tapers to a bearing journal via which the slider carriage 30 is tiltably connected by means of the tilt pin 31 to the fork eye of the slider body 14.
• the second roller pair 21 is mounted floatingly on the slider carriage 30; for this purpose, the second roller pair 21 has a shaft 27, which is accommodated with motional play in an associated through bore 32 in the slider carriage 30, whilst the two rollers 21 A of the second roller pair 21 are mounted rotatably on the ends of the shaft 27. As a result of the floating mounting of the second roller pair 21, this roller pair 21 can shift transversely to the running direction of the slider 10.
• Fig. 4 shows the slider 10 in the usage position, in which a person (not shown here), via a back-pull, i.e. a pulling movement away from the guide rail 4, pivots the detent pawl 11 in such a way about the pivot pin 22 that the pawl boss of the detent pawl 11 is released from the latching cutouts 8 in the rear side 4C of the guide rail 4, whereupon, at the same time, both the front, first roller pair 15 and the rear, second roller pair 21 bear against the guide flanges 4A, 4B of the guide rail 4, which are situated opposite the latching cutouts 8, so as to be able to move up and down along the ladder together with the slider 4.
• a back-pull i.e. a pulling movement away from the guide rail 4
• the detent pawl 11 enters into engagement with the latching cutouts 8 in the rear side 4C of the guide rail already after a short fall height.
• the tilting joint produced with the tilt axis of the tilt pin 31, between the rotation axis of the second, rear roller pair 21 and the front roller pair 15 causes the slider body 14 to come to bear, on the one hand, with the rollers 15A of the front roller pair 15 against the guide flanges 4B, 4C of the guide rail 4 and, on the other hand, with the back edge of the slider body 14 and/or the bottom side of the slider carriage 30 against the opposite rear side 4C within the guide rail 4 and to be jammed there without the rear roller pair 21 being put under load.
• the slider body 14 and the slider carriage 30 hence essentially assume the pivot position as shown in Fig. 2 for the slider 10 (though outside the guide rail).
• FIG. 5 shows the situation directly prior to the initial introduction of the slider 10 into the profile interior 5 of the guide rail 4.
• the insertion is firstly realized with the rollers 21 A of the second roller pair 21, which are mounted preferably floating on the slider carriage 30.
• the entire sliderlO is orientated such that the slider body 14 and the slider carriage 30 stand substantially perpendicular to the guide rail 4 or, in the case of a vertically running ladder, horizontally.
• the slider 10 as indicated with the arrow F in Fig.
• the operator normally knows that the slider 10 must be rotated in such a way that, in the usage position, the other, first roller pair 15 must form the topmost roller pair in order for the detent pawl 11 to be able to intrude with its pawl boss 11 A into the latching cutouts 8 and prevent a fall.
• the rollers 15A of the first roller pair 15, as is also clearly visible in Fig. 5, are arranged, in accordance with the asymmetry predefined by the guide rail 4, asymmetrically on the bearing block 19, or the roller shaft 20 projects beyond the bearing block 19 with different distance, the rollers 15A being rotatably mounted on this roller shaft 20 fixedly anchored to the bearing block 19.
• FIG. 8 shows the bearing block 19 having the front roller pair 15 shortly prior to the attainment of the usage position, in which the rotation axis of the rollers 15A of the front roller pair 15 lies parallel to the rotation axis of the rear roller pair and each of the two rollers 15A respectively back-grips one of the two guide flanges 4A, 4B of the guide rail 4.
• a further locking plate 61 is connected in a rotationally secure manner to the pivot 18, the bearing block 19 and the rotary knob 40, for example via a square portion on the pivot 18.
• This locking plate 61 has a peripheral edge 62 having a portion 63, running in a curved or rounded shape, and having a step 64 running perpendicular thereto, which step delimits a locking depression 65, in this case on one side.
• the periphery 62 of the locking plate 61 is borne against by a locking boss 66, which, as Fig. 3 clearly shows, is biased by means of a further spring 67 towards the pivot 18 and is pivotably mounted with a pin 68 in this case on the front part 16 of the slider body 14 roughly midway between the bore 17 and the pivot pin 22 for the pawl 11.
• the locking boss 66 presses permanently with the bias of the spring 66 against the periphery of the locking plate 61, and Fig.
• Fig. 9 shows the moment when the bearing block 19 has assumed its usage position, i.e. that position in which the rotation axis of the front roller pair 15 lies parallel to that of the rear roller pair.
• Fig. 9 shows that in this position the locking plate 61, which is connected in a rotationally secure manner to the bearing block 19 via the pivot (18, Fig. 3), is orientated such that the locking boss 66 intrudes into the locking depression 65. In this position, the locking boss 66 and the step 64 of the locking depression prevent the bearing block 19, by positive engagement, from being back-rotated by turning of the rotary knob 40.
• the locking boss 66 must first be manually pushed back, counter to the spring force of the restoring spring (67, Fig. 3) that biases it, since only then can the locking plate 61 pass the locking boss 65.
• the detent pawl 11 has however, additionally on its pawl shaft, a further locking tongue 70, which extends in the direction of the rotary shaft or the locking boss 66 and which, whenever a back-pull is exerted on the detent pawl 11 and the detent pawl is pivoted into an unlocking position, bears against the rear side of the locking boss 66, preferably directly in positive engagement.
• the locking tongue 70 as Fig. 10 shows, prevents the locking boss 66 from being manually or otherwise moved.
• a movement of the locking boss 66 requires that the locking tongue 70 on the pawl shaft of the detent pawl 11 first clears the necessary motional path.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Emergency Management (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)
• Seats For Vehicles (AREA)
• Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)
• Ladders (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 2009
  • 2009-11-03 DE DE202009013672U patent/DE202009013672U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2010
  • 2010-11-02 EP EP10787186.5A patent/EP2496785B1/de active Active
  • 2010-11-02 ES ES10787186.5T patent/ES2543743T3/es active Active
  • 2010-11-02 DK DK10787186.5T patent/DK2496785T3/en active
  • 2010-11-02 WO PCT/IB2010/054960 patent/WO2011055301A2/en not_active Ceased

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