Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
  • F04D27/02—Surge control
  • F04D27/0207—Surge control by bleeding, bypassing or recycling fluids
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
  • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
  • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
  • F04D29/522—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
  • F04D27/02—Surge control
  • F04D27/0207—Surge control by bleeding, bypassing or recycling fluids
  • F04D27/0238—Details or means for fluid reinjection
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
  • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
  • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
  • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
  • F04D29/4213—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps suction ports
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
  • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
  • F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
  • F04D29/681—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
  • F04D29/684—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by fluid injection

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the general field of turbomachine compressors. It relates more particularly to a high-pressure compressor turbomachine in which is provided an air recirculation to limit the phenomenon of pumping.
• a turbomachine compressor comprises several successive stages of compression, each compression stage consisting of a row (or grid) of fixed vanes followed by a row of moving blades.
• An annular casing surrounds the rows of blades and delimits on the outside the vein of flow of the air flow passing through the compressor.
• Such a compressor is subject to pumping.
• Pumping is a phenomenon that is sought to minimize within a turbomachine since it results in sudden oscillations of air pressure and air flow, which subject the compressor blades to mechanical stresses. considerable risks that may lead to their weakening or even their rupture. This phenomenon occurs especially at the blade head, at the level of the air boundary layer present between the blade heads and the compressor housing and is translated locally by lower pressure pockets.
• the reinjection of the air taken from the flow passage is generally done by means of air injectors which are mounted in housings provided for this purpose on the casing surrounding the blades.
• these air injectors are parts regularly spaced angularly from each other and each provided with an internal channel air injection opening, on one side in the flow path of the compressor, and on the other side to an air supply duct connected to the recirculation circuit.
• the main purpose of the present invention is to overcome such disadvantages by providing a compressor in which the position of the air injectors is reliable while maintaining the possibility of being able to disassemble them.
• turbomachine compressor comprising;
• a first nozzle support housing centered on a longitudinal axis of the compressor and defining on the outside a flow line of a gas flow passing through the compressor;
• each air injector having;
• At least one internal air injection channel opening radially on one side in the flow passage of the gas flow passing through the compressor and on the other in the annular space formed between the housings, and at an upstream longitudinal end, an upstream flange having an inner face bearing radially against an upstream flange of the corresponding housing of the first housing and an outer face bearing radially against an inner face of the second housing;
• the invention has the advantage of providing a positional maintenance of all the air injectors in their respective housing by a simple mechanical pinch of the injectors between the two housings. In the absence of tight adjustments in the assembly, it is thus possible to replace the air injectors without causing damage to the crankcase. This results in simplified maintenance.
• the first casing comprises bosses formed between the housings and whose outer face is on the one hand projecting with respect to the outer face of the first casing, and on the other hand recessed with respect to the outer face of the flanges.
• the clamping means upstream of the air injectors, comprising at least one fixing screw which passes radially through the second housing and which is screwed onto one of the bosses of the first housing.
• Each air injector may further comprise at a downstream longitudinal end, a downstream flange having an inner face bearing radially against a downstream flange of the corresponding housing of the first housing.
• each air injector also comprises lateral flanges connecting the upstream flange to the downstream flange, these lateral flanges each having an inner face bearing radially against a lateral flange of the corresponding housing of the first housing. The presence of these lateral flanges avoids any form of parasitic introduction of the air for injection by a path other than that defined by the internal channels of air injection.
• the invention also relates to a turbomachine comprising a compressor as defined above, the latter being able to constitute a high-pressure compressor of the turbomachine.
• FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section schematically showing, in its environment, a high-pressure turbomachine compressor according to the invention
• FIG. 2 is a partial view, in perspective and exploded of the compressor according to the invention.
• FIGS. 3 and 4 are sectional views of the assembled compressor of Figure 2, respectively along III-III and IV-IV;
• FIG. 5 is a partial view, in perspective and exploded of a compressor according to another embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 1 partially represents a turbomachine 10 of longitudinal axis 12. From upstream to downstream (in the direction of flow of the gas flows passing therethrough), the turbomachine comprises a fan 14, a low-pressure compressor 16, a high compressor pressure 18, a combustion chamber 20 and a turbine (not shown).
• Each compressor and in particular the high-pressure compressor 18, comprises several compression stages, each stage being composed of a row (or grid) of fixed vanes 22 followed by a row of moving vanes 24. These rows of blades 22, 24 are arranged in a flow channel 26 for the flow of air passing through the compressor, this flow being defined radially on the outside by an annular envelope 28.
• the casing 28 surrounding the rows of blades 22, 24 of the compressor comprises one or more openings 30 opening in the vein 26 (by the right or just downstream of the blade head of a compressor. compressor stage) and opening into an annular diffusion duct 32 centered on the longitudinal axis 12 and surrounding the casing.
• This diffusion duct 32 is connected via one or more tubes 34 to an annular sampling duct 36 also centered on the longitudinal axis 12.
• the diffusion duct 32 opens upstream into the duct 26, for example into direction of the moving blade head of another stage of the compressor, via a plurality of air injectors 38 described hereinafter with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5.
• the casing 28 surrounding the compressor blade rows consists of a first casing 28a injector support and a second casing 28b disposed around the first casing.
• the first housing 28a is sectored, that is to say it consists of a plurality of annular housing segments put end-to-end.
• These two housings 28a, 28b are centered on the longitudinal axis 12 of the turbomachine and are spaced radially from one another to form between them an annular space 40 which opens into the diffusion duct 32.
• the first housing 28a At its upstream end (with respect to the direction of flow of the gas flow through the compressor), the first housing 28a has a plurality of housings 42 regularly spaced from each other, each housing 42 having an upstream flange 44 and a flange downstream 46. In these housings are mounted the air injectors 38.
• Each air injector 38 comprises at least one internal air injection channel 48 which opens radially, on one side into the flow line 26 of the gas flow passing through the compressor and on the other side into the space ring 40 formed between the casings 28a, 28b. This air injection channel is thus supplied with air by the diffusion duct 32.
• each air injector 38 comprises at its longitudinal end downstream a flange (or spoiler) 50 whose inner face 50a bears against the downstream flange 46 of the corresponding housing of the first housing.
• Each air injector 38 also comprises at its upstream longitudinal end an upstream rim (or spoiler) 52 having an inner face 52a bearing radially against the upstream edge 44 of the corresponding housing of the first housing and an outer face 52b bearing radially against an inner face of the second housing 28b.
• an upstream rim (or spoiler) 52 having an inner face 52a bearing radially against the upstream edge 44 of the corresponding housing of the first housing and an outer face 52b bearing radially against an inner face of the second housing 28b.
• These flanges 50, 52 make it possible in particular to participate in the radial positioning of the injectors 38 on the first casing 28a and constitute obstacles to the parasitic passage of air via a path other than that provided by the internal air injection channels 48.
• the air injectors 38 are held in position in their respective housings 42 of the first housing 28a by means of clamping their upstream flange 52.
• bosses 54 which are formed at the upstream end between the housings 42 of the air injectors. These bosses have an outer face which is, on the one hand protruding radially from the outer face of the first housing, and secondly radially recessed with respect to the outer face 52b of the upstream flanges 52 of the air injectors. .
• the outer face 52b of the upstream flanges 52 of the air injectors project radially relative to the bosses 54 of the first casing when the air injectors are mounted in their housings (this difference in level is shown schematically by the dimension h in Figure 3).
• at least one of these bosses has a threaded hole 56.
• a fixing screw 58 which passes radially through the second housing 28b from one side is screwed into the bore 56. This screw is used to secure the second housing 28b on the first housing 28a. It also allows the housings 28a, 28b to exert a radial clamping force of the upstream flange 52 of each air injector 38 mounted in the housing 42 of the first housing. Indeed, as the upstream edge 52 of the air injectors 38 is projecting radially relative to the bosses 54, it is easily understood that the tightening of the fixing screw 58 will cause a clamping force of these upstream edges between the inner face of the second casing 28b and the respective upstream rim 44 of the housing of the first casing 28a. Thus, all the air injectors 38 of the compressor are held in position between the two housings 28a, 28b.
• fixing screws 58 may vary. Preferably, these are regularly distributed over the entire circumference of the compressor.
• complementary securing screws 58 ' may also be screwed through the second housing 28b at the downstream end thereof (see Figure 4).
• the air injectors 38 'of the compressor 10' partially shown in FIG. 5 have the particularity of having lateral flanges (or spoilers) 60 which connect the downstream flange 50 to the upstream flange 52 of the injectors.
• These lateral flanges each have an inner face which bears radially against a lateral rim 62 of the corresponding housing 42 'of the first casing 28a.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
• Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 2009
  • 2009-08-31 FR FR0955922A patent/FR2949518B1/fr active Active
• 2010
  • 2010-08-20 WO PCT/FR2010/051744 patent/WO2011023891A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2010-08-20 JP JP2012526099A patent/JP5686809B2/ja active Active
  • 2010-08-20 CN CN201080038304.7A patent/CN102483070B/zh active Active
  • 2010-08-20 US US13/393,367 patent/US9074605B2/en active Active
  • 2010-08-20 RU RU2012112476/06A patent/RU2561838C2/ru active
  • 2010-08-20 BR BR112012004470-2A patent/BR112012004470B1/pt active IP Right Grant
  • 2010-08-20 CA CA2772054A patent/CA2772054C/fr active Active
  • 2010-08-20 EP EP10762738.2A patent/EP2473741B1/de active Active

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