EP2473717A1 - Valve train with variable cam phaser - Google Patents
Valve train with variable cam phaserInfo
- Publication number
- EP2473717A1 EP2473717A1 EP10751829A EP10751829A EP2473717A1 EP 2473717 A1 EP2473717 A1 EP 2473717A1 EP 10751829 A EP10751829 A EP 10751829A EP 10751829 A EP10751829 A EP 10751829A EP 2473717 A1 EP2473717 A1 EP 2473717A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- camshaft
- cam phaser
- valve train
- input
- train according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/352—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using bevel or epicyclic gear
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/352—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using bevel or epicyclic gear
- F01L2001/3521—Harmonic drive of flexspline type
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to the field of internal combustion engines and more specifically to a valve train with variable cam phaser for adjusting the phase of the engine camshaft.
- a variable cam phaser is used to change the cam lobe (valve lift event) timing to crankshaft timing while the engine is running, based on the parameters of the engine.
- cam lobe valve lift event
- crankshaft timing while the engine is running, based on the parameters of the engine.
- An elegant manner of varying the valve timing is realized by rotating the camshaft relative to its driving member, typically a sprocket wheel or pulley connected to the crankshaft via a chain, respectively a toothed belt.
- cam phasers capable of achieving this exist.
- Conventional cam phasers employ hydraulic actuators using high-pressure oil to enable relative angular displacement between drive and driven members.
- hydraulic systems have difficulty operating at extremes of temperature, in particular during engine start up when the oil is cold, due to temperature related viscosity changes of the oil.
- cam phasers em- ploy electric actuators in a configuration allowing their mounting at one end of the camshaft.
- the cam phaser typically has coaxial input and output members, the input member being coupled to the engine's sprocket wheel to act as drive member, while the output member is coupled to the camshaft.
- the sprocket wheel often has an extension with a toothed portion that meshes with a pinion forming the cam phaser's input member and the output member is screwed directly onto the camshaft end.
- An electrically actuated adjusting mechanism drivingly connects the input and output members enabling selective angular adjustment of the output shaft while maintaining driving engagement between the input and output members.
- the adjusting mechanism may typically comprise a gearbox arrangement in the form of a planetary gear system or a harmonic drive.
- electrically driven cam phasers comprise a relatively complex gearbox/reductor arrangement that must be manufactured with great care and precision to avoid locking and breaking of the gearings.
- the cam phaser which is directly loaded by the sprocket wheel, is subject to important mechanical stresses and this is a cause of rapid wear and/or breaking of many cam phasers.
- US 6,328,006 e.g. describes a cam phaser with harmonic drive.
- US 6,981 ,478 on the other hand describes a cam phaser with planetary gearing system.
- variable cam phaser that is less sensitive to mechanical loads from the sprocket wheel.
- a valve train for an internal combustion engine comprising a camshaft and a variable cam phaser mounted to the camshaft for driving the latter, wherein the engine comprises a crankshaft providing a drive torque to the variable cam phaser through a drive member coaxial with the camshaft.
- the variable cam phaser comprises an input shaft rotationally coupled to the drive member and an output shaft rotationally coupled to the camshaft and coaxial with the input shaft.
- Adjusting means drivingly connect the input and output shafts and are configured to enable the input and output shafts to be selectively, angularly adjusted while maintaining driving engagement therebetween, the adjusting means comprising an electric actuator for selectively operating the angular adjustment between the input and output shafts.
- the input and output shafts are coupled to the crankshaft and camshaft via respective, rotationally stiff, flexible coupling means.
- the present invention provides a cam phaser design where conventional rigid connections at the interface between the cam phaser and the sprocket wheel and camshaft, respectively, are avoided, which reduces or avoids the transmission of mechanical shocks, tensions and loads from the crankshaft to the cam phaser. This will consequently ensure a more reliable and longer operation of the cam phaser.
- valve train is thus advantageously designed so that all of the camphaser components are situated on the same side of the rotationally stiff, flexible coupling means, i.e. on the cam phaser side. Therefore, there is no direct, rigid connection between the cam phaser adjustment mechanism and the sprocket wheel or the camshaft, avoiding strong mechanical tensions.
- the term flexible coupling means is conventionally used herein to designate a coupling able to transmit torque while permitting some radial and axial and angular misalignment. It is however important that the timing may not vary in an uncontrolled manner so that the flexible coupling must be rotationally stiff (i.e. the coupling is torsionally rigid and thus not flexible in the torque transmitting direction).
- the rotationally stiff, flexible coupling means is implemented as a curved teeth coupling.
- one of the input or drive shaft may be provided at its inner or outer periphery with axially extending teeth having curved ends that engage in-between splined teeth on the outer or inner periphery of the other of the input or drive shaft.
- one of the output shaft or camshaft comprises, at its inner or outer periphery, axially extending teeth having curved ends that engage in-between splined teeth on the outer or inner periphery of the other of the output shaft or camshaft.
- such coupling allows for a torsion- ally rigid torque transmitting coupling that permits some degree of mis- alignment or end movement (i.e. some radial/angular and axial displacement).
- rotationally stiff, flexible couplings may alternatively be used such as, but not exclusively, for example: Oldham couplings, universal joints, etc.
- adjusting means here also a variety of designs are possible, although harmonic drives or epicyclic/planetary gearing systems are common for this function.
- adjusting means may comprise a planetary gearing system having a ring gear coupled to the input shaft, a sun gear rotatable by an electric motor and planet gears sup- ported by a carrier coupled to the output shaft.
- planetary gearing system having a ring gear coupled to the input shaft, a sun gear rotatable by an electric motor and planet gears sup- ported by a carrier coupled to the output shaft.
- the camshaft comprises an adapter portion at a front end thereof, to which said cam phaser output shaft is coupled.
- the cam phaser is advantageously arranged in a housing so that it can be handled as a self-contained device simply having a pair of coaxial input and output shaft interfacing with the sprocket and camshaft.
- the cam phaser is fixed by means of an annular rubber block surrounding its housing.
- Such rubber block absorbs small dimensional variations (e.g. miss-concentricity and miss-alignment) and permits an axial locking of the cam phaser, in particular when using a curved teeth coupling.
- a return spring system may be associated with the cam phaser to ensure return of the cam phaser to a pretermined position.
- a stroke limiter system may be associated with the cam phaser to avoid excessive angular modification of the camshaft and thus of the valve timing.
- stroke limiter Various designs of stroke limiter are known in the art and can be easily adapted to operate with the present camshaft.
- the present cam phaser may include a phase detector to determine the angular position of the camshaft as well as an electronic control unit to operate the electric actuator in accordance with phase information provided by an engine control unit based on engine parameters.
- the present invention also concerns an internal combustion engine equipped with the present valve train.
- FIG. 1 is a section view through a preferred embodiment of the cam phaser attached to a camshaft end in a valve train according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view -also axially cut- of the couplings between drive member/input shaft and output shaft/cam shaft adapter.
- FIG.1 A preferred embodiment of the present valve train 10 is shown in Fig.1 where a variable cam phaser 12 is mounted at a front end of a camshaft 14 of an internal combustion engine.
- the camshaft conventionally comprises a number of cams (not shown) interacting with cylinder valves (not shown) as it is well known.
- the camshaft 14, which is the driven member comprises an adapter portion 16 fixedly attached to the camshaft 14 front end e.g. by means of a screw (not shown) through bore 18 (or the adapter portion 16 could be integrally formed with the camshaft 14).
- Reference sign 20 indicates a sprocket wheel coaxial with the camshaft 14 and rotatably mounted on the camshaft adapter portion 16 by a journal bearing 19.
- the sprocket wheel 20 is, in a manner known per se, rotatably driven by the crankshaft (not shown) of the engine via a toothed drive belt or chain 22 and provides the drive torque to the cam phaser 12.
- the journal bearing 19 is preferably lubricated by oil dispensed by a channel in the adapter portion 16 arriving from the camshaft, as it is known in the art.
- the cam phaser 12 comprises an input shaft 24 rotationally coupled to the sprocket wheel 20— forming the drive member— and an output shaft 26 rotationally coupled to the camshaft 14 via its adapter portion 16.
- the cam phaser 12 actually provides a connection between the sprocket wheel 20 and camshaft 14 that enables the camshaft 14 to be relatively angularly adjusted with respect to the sprocket wheel 20 while maintaining driving engagement therebetween, as will be described below.
- the cam phaser 12 is here designed as a self-contained device with a housing 28 in which an electrical DC motor and adjusting means are accommodated.
- the electric motor comprises an outer, electromagnetic stator 30 and a magnetic rotor 32 integral with a rotor shaft 34 rotatably supported by a pair of ball bearings 36 arranged in a through-bore 38 of a partition wall 40.
- the adjusting means take the form of a planetary gearing system having a ring member 42 with internal teeth 44 that cooperates with a set of four planet gears 46 (only two of them being shown).
- the planet gears 46 are mounted on a carrier 48 and are also in meshing engagement with a sun gear 50 fixedly mounted to the rotor shaft 34.
- the ring member 42 is rotatably supported by a roller bearing 52 fixed in a shoulder section 54 in the housing 28.
- the planet gears 46 are here designed as two-stage gears, i.e. they have a first external toothing 56 meshing with the teeth 44 of internal ring 42 and a second outer toothing 58 meshing with the external toothing 60 of the sun gear 50.
- the planetary gears are rotatably supported by pins 62 affixed to carrier 48, itself rotatable with respect to the sun gear 50 and rotationally integral with the output shaft 26.
- the input shaft 24 and ring 42 are inte- grally formed and that the output shaft 26 is rotatably supported in a ball bearing 64 mounted on an inner wall of input shaft 24.
- torque transfer from the sprocket 20 to the input shaft 24 and from the output shaft 26 to the camshaft 14 is carried out by means of respective rotationally stiff, flexible couplings.
- Such couplings are here implemented as curved teeth couplings arranged as two coaxial layers.
- the input shaft 26 comprises an internally splined end portion, where the axially extending splines 66 have an inwardly curved shape over at least part of their length.
- the input shaft splined portion meshes with an externally splined ring 68 that is integral with the sprocket wheel 20.
- the output shaft 26 has an externally splined portion where the axially extending splines 70 have an outwardly curved shape over at least part of their length. These splines are in meshing engagement with and inwardly splined end portion 72 of cam- shaft adapter 16.
- this kind of curved teeth coupling provides a torsionally rigid coupling that however permits some degree of angular misalignment thanks to the curved teeth while the axial splines allow for some degree of axial displacement. Accordingly, an efficient and precise transmission of torque is achieved but the drive loads and vibrations from the sprocket are essentially not transmitted to the cam phaser 12. Actually, in the present configuration the chain (or belt) load is absorbed by the journal bearing 19 of the sprocket 20.
- the links between the camshaft and the sprocket wheel, re- spectively the camshaft, are not rigid and all the components involved in the angular adjustment mechanism are situated on the cam phaser side of the flexible couplings, which only serves for torque transfer in a "soft" manner. Hence, no gearings of the cam phaser are subject to drive loads from the sprocket wheel.
- the electric motor is not energized and the adjusting mecha- nism is simply driven along with the input shaft 24; no angular adjustment of the camshaft occurs, the sprocket 20 and the camshaft 14 rotate at the same speed.
- the electrical motor is energized in order to cause the camshaft 12 to turn at a greater or slower speed than the sprocket 20 in order to obtain the desired angular variation of the camshaft 12 corresponding to the desired valve timing.
- the sun 50 forms the planetary's input and the output is the carrier 48. Energizing the electric motor in an appropriate speed will allow rotation of the output shaft 26 at a speed greater or slower than the input shaft 24 for a time period required to bring the camshaft 12 in the desired angular position and thus provide the desired valve timing.
- the cam phaser 12 is fixed in place via a rubber block 74 that dampens vibrations and takes up misalignments and angular defaults and also blocks the housing 28 in axial direction.
- a rubber block 74 may be over-moulded around the pot-shaped housing 28.
- the cam phaser 12 is a self-contained device that can be easily mounted at a camshaft end.
- the electric motor and adjusting mechanism in completely integrated inside the housing that may thus simply be connected via its two interfaces: the input and output shaft 24 and 26, respectively.
- the configuration of the ring 42/input shaft 24 member and that of the carrier48/output shaft 26 member also closes the housing 28.
- a return spring 76 is fixed between the sprocket and the stroke limiter to ensure return of the cam phaser to a predetermined position.
- a stroke limiter of conventional design may advantageously be used to avoid excessive rotation of the camshaft 14 relative to the sprocket 20. This can be done by means of one or two pins (not shown) radially extending from the adapter portion 16 and cooperating with one or two circumferentially extending notches (not shown) in the sprocket hub, as it is known to those skilled in the art.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10751829.2A EP2473717B1 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-09 | Valve train with variable cam phaser |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20090169090 EP2295741A1 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2009-08-31 | Valve train with variable cam phaser |
PCT/EP2010/061549 WO2011023525A1 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-09 | Valve train with variable cam phaser |
EP10751829.2A EP2473717B1 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-09 | Valve train with variable cam phaser |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2473717A1 true EP2473717A1 (en) | 2012-07-11 |
EP2473717B1 EP2473717B1 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
Family
ID=41571819
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20090169090 Withdrawn EP2295741A1 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2009-08-31 | Valve train with variable cam phaser |
EP10751829.2A Not-in-force EP2473717B1 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-09 | Valve train with variable cam phaser |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20090169090 Withdrawn EP2295741A1 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2009-08-31 | Valve train with variable cam phaser |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8584636B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP2295741A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5615923B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102482959B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011023525A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5208154B2 (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2013-06-12 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | Valve timing control device for internal combustion engine |
US9297281B2 (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2016-03-29 | Borgwarner, Inc. | Concentric camshaft phaser flex plate |
US8622037B2 (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2014-01-07 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Harmonic drive camshaft phaser with a compact drive sprocket |
US8677961B2 (en) * | 2011-07-18 | 2014-03-25 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Harmonic drive camshaft phaser with lock pin for selectivley preventing a change in phase relationship |
DE102011117027A1 (en) * | 2011-10-27 | 2013-05-02 | Magna Powertrain Ag & Co. Kg | camshaft adjustment |
WO2014092963A1 (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2014-06-19 | Borgwarner Inc. | Split ring gear planetary cam phaser |
US9228455B1 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-01-05 | Brunswick Corporation | Outboard motors and marine engines having cam phaser arrangements |
US9664073B2 (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2017-05-30 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Modular electrically actuated camshaft phaser |
CN106460588B (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2019-03-01 | 博格华纳公司 | Camshaft phaser system and locking phase device for it |
JP5987868B2 (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2016-09-07 | 株式会社デンソー | Valve timing adjustment device |
CN106605044B (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2018-02-23 | 博格华纳公司 | Engine variable camshaft timing phaser with planetary gearsets |
DE102016100819A1 (en) * | 2015-02-20 | 2016-08-25 | Abb Turbo Systems Ag | coupling device |
US10072537B2 (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2018-09-11 | Husco Automotive Holdings Llc | Mechanical cam phasing system and methods |
SE541810C2 (en) | 2016-05-24 | 2019-12-17 | Scania Cv Ab | Variable cam timing phaser having two central control valves |
SE539980C2 (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2018-02-20 | Scania Cv Ab | Variable cam timing phaser utilizing series-coupled check valves |
SE539979C2 (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2018-02-20 | Scania Cv Ab | Rotational hydraulic logic device and variable cam timing phaser utilizing such a device |
EP3351754A1 (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2018-07-25 | HUSCO Automotive Holdings LLC | Cam phasing system |
JP2019027435A (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2019-02-21 | ボーグワーナー インコーポレーテッド | e-Phaser cushion stop |
US20190040768A1 (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2019-02-07 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Camshaft assembly |
US11162397B2 (en) | 2018-05-03 | 2021-11-02 | Borgwarner, Inc. | Electrically actuated camshaft phaser fluid escapement channel |
Family Cites Families (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5474499A (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1995-12-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Flexible drive shaft coupling |
JPH07197820A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1995-08-01 | Kanesaka Gijutsu Kenkyusho:Kk | Miller cycle engine |
US6328006B1 (en) | 1999-03-23 | 2001-12-11 | Tcg Unitech Aktiengesellschaft | Device for adjusting the phase angle of a camshaft of an internal combustion engine |
US6216654B1 (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2001-04-17 | Daimlerchrysler Corporation | Phase changing device |
GB2354553B (en) * | 1999-09-23 | 2004-02-04 | Turbo Genset Company Ltd The | Electric turbocharging system |
JP2002013597A (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2002-01-18 | Toyoda Mach Works Ltd | Worm gear unit and electrically operated power steering apparatus |
JP3937164B2 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2007-06-27 | 株式会社デンソー | Valve timing adjustment device |
DE10248351A1 (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2004-04-29 | Ina-Schaeffler Kg | Electrically driven camshaft adjuster |
DE10248355A1 (en) | 2002-10-17 | 2004-04-29 | Ina-Schaeffler Kg | Camshaft adjuster with electric drive |
JP2006242243A (en) * | 2005-03-02 | 2006-09-14 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Coupling structure of automatic transmission and engine |
DE102005018956A1 (en) * | 2005-04-23 | 2006-11-23 | Schaeffler Kg | Device for adjusting the camshaft of an internal combustion engine |
JP2007198376A (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-08-09 | Delphi Technologies Inc | Variable cam phase device |
US7421990B2 (en) * | 2006-08-22 | 2008-09-09 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Harmonic drive camshaft phaser |
JP2008095549A (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2008-04-24 | Denso Corp | Valve timing adjusting device |
JP2007231956A (en) * | 2007-06-06 | 2007-09-13 | Denso Corp | Valve operation timing control device |
JP2009013801A (en) * | 2007-07-02 | 2009-01-22 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Motorcycle provided with valve train |
JP4992757B2 (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2012-08-08 | マツダ株式会社 | Control method for internal combustion engine |
JP5102071B2 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2012-12-19 | 日鍛バルブ株式会社 | Phase variable device for automobile engine |
-
2009
- 2009-08-31 EP EP20090169090 patent/EP2295741A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-08-09 CN CN201080038248.7A patent/CN102482959B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-08-09 EP EP10751829.2A patent/EP2473717B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-08-09 JP JP2012525975A patent/JP5615923B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-08-09 US US13/392,985 patent/US8584636B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-08-09 WO PCT/EP2010/061549 patent/WO2011023525A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2011023525A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2013503287A (en) | 2013-01-31 |
US20120186548A1 (en) | 2012-07-26 |
JP5615923B2 (en) | 2014-10-29 |
WO2011023525A1 (en) | 2011-03-03 |
EP2295741A1 (en) | 2011-03-16 |
US8584636B2 (en) | 2013-11-19 |
CN102482959A (en) | 2012-05-30 |
EP2473717B1 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
CN102482959B (en) | 2014-02-12 |
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