EP2473587B1 - Water-based lubricants - Google Patents

Water-based lubricants Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2473587B1
EP2473587B1 EP10747591.5A EP10747591A EP2473587B1 EP 2473587 B1 EP2473587 B1 EP 2473587B1 EP 10747591 A EP10747591 A EP 10747591A EP 2473587 B1 EP2473587 B1 EP 2473587B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
water
lubricant
chosen
group
Prior art date
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EP10747591.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2473587A1 (en
Inventor
Martin Schmid-Amelunxen
Martin Schweigkofler
Thomas Kilthau
Jochen MÜHLEMEIER
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Klueber Lubrication Muenchen GmbH and Co KG
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Klueber Lubrication Muenchen GmbH and Co KG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
    • C10M107/34—Polyoxyalkylenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/122—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms monocarboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/127—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids polycarboxylic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
    • C10M2207/1285—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof used as thickening agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
    • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
    • C10N2020/081—Biodegradable compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/02—Bearings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/04—Aerosols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to water-based lubricants.
  • the invention relates to the use of water-based lubricants for the lubrication of friction partners in drive elements, as well as their use.
  • the WO 2005/113640 A1 discloses formulations of low pulmonary toxicity functional fluids containing low unsaturation alkylene oxide copolymers. More particularly, this document relates to low inhalation toxicity water-glycol hydraulic fluids containing from 30 to 60% of a water-soluble polyglycol, from 0 to 40% antifreeze, such as ethylene glycol, from 20 to 45% water, from 0 to 15% thickener, from 0 to 5% corrosion additives, 0 to 5% defoamers and dyes, as well as 0 to 5% fatty acid amides included.
  • a water-soluble polyglycol from 0 to 40% antifreeze, such as ethylene glycol, from 20 to 45% water, from 0 to 15% thickener, from 0 to 5% corrosion additives, 0 to 5% defoamers and dyes, as well as 0 to 5% fatty acid amides included.
  • the WO 97/15643 A1 relates to a water-soluble lubricant composition consisting of a mixture of polyethylene glycol and an amine to which further additives are added, inter alia optionally biocides are added.
  • the operating fluid consists of a mixture of water and an aliphatic hydrocarbon in which graphite particles are suspended as a solid lubricant.
  • This solid lubricant is in the form of flaky graphite particles having a particle size of less than 50 microns.
  • Further components of this lubricant and coolant are dispersing additives, defoamers, Corrosion inhibitors. Disadvantages of this operating fluid are the graphite particles present in solid or flaky form, which on the one hand can settle out of the suspension and thus adhere the operating parts to be lubricated.
  • Another disadvantage is the persistent contamination of components that come into contact with graphite-containing lubricants. If a filtration of the lubricating oil is required during operation, the graphite may lead to a clogging of the filter pores. In addition, the operating fluid has a very low viscosity, which can lead to failure of the lubricating film at high loads.
  • the present invention was therefore based on the object to provide a water-based lubricant that meets the above requirements, in particular is biodegradable and that helps to significantly reduce the production of carbon dioxide.
  • a lubricant consisting of water, water-soluble polyalkylene glycols, water-soluble emulsifiers and lubricant-compatible additives.
  • the water-soluble polyalkylene glycols are selected from the group of randomly distributing polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene units and / or other polyoxyalkylene units having one or more hydroxyl end groups, from a block polymer of polyoxyethylene and / or polyoxypropylene units and / or other polyoxyalkylene units.
  • anionic surfactants e.g. Sulfonates
  • nonionic surfactants e.g. Fatty alcohol ethoxylates or NPE
  • cationic surfactants e.g. quaternary ammonium compounds, water-soluble or water-emulsifiable carboxylic acid esters used.
  • the low-temperature behavior of water-based lubricants by the addition of antifreeze e.g. low molecular weight glycols, glycerol, salts or ionic liquids can be significantly improved.
  • additives can be added to influence the properties of the lubricant targeted. These may be in soluble or dispersed, colloidal or nanoscale form.
  • water-based lubricants can also be formulated foaming.
  • the application as a spray foam is of particular interest here, because it allows a visual control of the lubricant application. In the case of contamination of textiles or machine parts with water-based lubricating fluids, these are easy to clean.
  • stain lubricants based on mineral oil or synthetic oil are usually harmful and / or ecotoxicological dyes required.
  • water-based lubricants a variety of toxicologically harmless water-soluble dyes to food colors can be used.
  • the "base oil” according to the invention can also be converted into a lubricating grease or a lubricating paste by mixing with soap or urea powders, layered silicates or other common lubricant thickeners.
  • the lubricant composition 0.5 to 40 wt .-% lubricant thickener selected from the group consisting of metal soaps of mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids, ureas, phyllosilicates, solid lubricants and Aerosil contain.
  • Examples 1 and 3 to 5 are comparative examples.
  • Table 1 shows properties of Example Formulation 1 compared to a mineral oil based product. ⁇ b> Table 1 ⁇ / b> example 1 petroleum product Viscosity at 40 ° C ISO VG 32 ISO VG 32 pour Point -35 ° C -10 ° C Friction coefficient, SRV test 0.058 0,100 Hazen color number 35 140
  • Table 2 shows properties of Example Formulation 2 compared to a mineral oil based product. Despite its clearly low viscosity, the aqueous formulation has significantly improved wear protection (higher achievable surface coverage), according to Reichert. ⁇ b> Table 2 ⁇ / b> Example 2 petroleum product Viscosity at 40 ° C 110 mm 2 / s 460 mm 2 / s pour Point -35 ° C -10 ° C Surface pressure according to Reichert wear scale according to VKIS worksheet 3500 N / cm 2 2800 N / cm 2 Hazen color number 130 230
  • An oil foam consists of Water dist. 50.0% by weight propylene glycol 15.0% by weight Polyethylene glycol high molecular weight 25.0% by weight Foaming fatty alcohol ethoxylate 5.0% by weight Alkanolamine and boric acid derivative 2.0% by weight Sulfurized fatty acid 3.0% by weight
  • the pour point of the formulation is -20 ° C.
  • This composition has a high foam formation, which allows the application by means of spray / pump spray as a foam.
  • Such an application has the advantage that the lubricant on the surface can be detected well visually, even with minimum quantity lubrication immediately after application, for example with the focus quality assurance.
  • a further advantage of the application as foam is the improved wetting of the entire surface of the tribosystem, which allows a shortened run-in time and an improved run-in behavior.
  • illustration 1 shows a significantly lower torque of foamed (not water-based) lubricant bearing within the first 120 minutes running time.
  • a bb. 1 Current consumption of a lubricated with lubricant A bearing. Gray curve: standard application. Black curve: application as a foam.
  • Table 3 shows properties of Example Formulation 4. ⁇ b> ⁇ u> Table 3 ⁇ / u> ⁇ /b> Walkpenetration DIN ISO 2137 NLGI 2 Base oil viscosity, DIN 51562 90 cst Flow pressure at -30 ° C, DIN 51805 ⁇ 1400 mbar
  • Lubricant consisting of: Water dist. 27.5% by weight Polyalkylene glycol high molecular weight 50.0% by weight alkylene 10.0% by weight Carboxylic acid derivative M-528, Cortec 2.0% by weight Water-soluble carboxylic acid ester 10.0% by weight acrylic copolymer 0.5% by weight
  • This lubricant is suitable for the lubrication of seals on rotating shafts and, in contrast to the known lubricants of mineral oils or synthetic hydrocarbons well biodegradable and therefore environmentally friendly to dispose of. It is characterized by a low friction, good cooling effect, good compatibility with rubber-elastic materials and has a low Geissesserverschmutzungspotential. Advantageously, it changes the viscosity when diluted with water only slightly and therefore allows the formation of an effective lubricating film.
  • the water-based lubricant according to the invention can be used for lubricating drive elements in chains, gears, rolling and sliding bearings or for lubricating seals on rotating shafts in the form of a foam, spray or emulsion by means of spray or pump spray devices with the focus of better surface wetting and the better Detectability of thin lubricating films is applied, can be used.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Schmierstoffe auf Wasserbasis. Insbesondere betrifft die Erfindung die Verwendung der Schmierstoffe auf Wasserbasis für die Schmierung von Reibungspartnern in Antriebselementen, sowie deren Verwendung.The present invention relates to water-based lubricants. In particular, the invention relates to the use of water-based lubricants for the lubrication of friction partners in drive elements, as well as their use.

Die Entwicklung von neuen Schmierstoffen muß mit der allgemeinen Weiterentwicklung der Technik einhergehen, die neue und höhere Anforderungen an die Schmierstoffzusammensetzungen stellt. Dies insbesondere auch im Hinblick auf den Umweltschutz und den Ausstoß von Kohlendioxid. Diesen Anforderungen sind die bekannten Schmierstoffe auf der Basis von Mineralöl oder Syntheseöl nicht mehr gewachsen.The development of new lubricants must be accompanied by the general advancement of technology which places new and higher demands on lubricant compositions. This especially with regard to environmental protection and the emission of carbon dioxide. These requirements are no longer equal to the known lubricants based on mineral oil or synthetic oil.

Anwendung finden Schmiermittel insbesondere in Antriebselementen, wie z.B. Ketten, Getrieben, Wälz- und Gleitlagern oder Dichtungen an rotierenden Wellen. Diese Schmierstoffe basieren auf Mineralöl oder synthetischen Kohlenwasserstoffen. Insbesondere in Wälz- und Gleitlagern sorgen die Schmiermittel dafür, daß zwischen den aufeinander gleitenden oder abrollenden Teilen ein trennender, lastübertragender Schmierfilm aufgebaut wird. Damit wird erreicht, daß die metallischen Oberflächen sich nicht berühren und somit auch kein Verschleiß auftritt. Die Schmiermittel müssen deshalb hohen Anforderungen genügen im Hinblick auf:

  • Kühlung der Reibstelle,
  • extreme Betriebsbedingungen, wie sehr hohe und sehr niedrige Drehzahlen,
  • hohe Temperaturen, die durch hohe Drehzahlen und Belastungen und damit einhergehender Eigenerwärmung oder Fremderwärmung bedingt sind,
  • sehr tiefe Temperaturen in kalter Umgebung ,
  • besonderen Anforderungen des Anwenders an die Laufeigenschaften, z.B. geringe Reibung, Geräuscharmut,
  • extrem lange Laufzeiten ohne zwischenzeitliche Nachschmierung,
  • biologische Abbaubarkeit.
Lubricants are used in particular in drive elements, such as chains, gears, rolling and plain bearings or seals on rotating shafts. These lubricants are based on mineral oil or synthetic hydrocarbons. Especially in rolling and plain bearings, the lubricants ensure that a separating, load-transmitting lubricating film is built up between the sliding or rolling parts. This ensures that the metallic surfaces do not touch and thus no wear occurs. The lubricants must therefore meet high requirements with regard to:
  • Cooling the friction point,
  • extreme operating conditions, such as very high and very low speeds,
  • high temperatures, which are due to high speeds and loads and associated self-heating or external heating,
  • very low temperatures in cold surroundings,
  • special requirements of the user on the running characteristics, eg low friction, low noise,
  • extremely long running times without intermediate relubrication,
  • biodegradability.

Die WO 2005/113640 A1 offenbart Formulierungen funktioneller Flüssigkeiten mit geringer pulmonaler Toxizität, die Alkylenoxid-Copolymere mit niedrigem Ungesättigtheitsgrad enthalten. Insbesondere betrifft dieses Dokument Wasser-Glykol-Hydraulikflüssigkeiten mit geringer Inhalationstoxizität, die 30 bis 60% eines wasserlöslichen Polyglykols, 0 bis 40% Frostschutzmittel, wie beispielsweise Ethylenglykol, 20 bis 45% Wasser, 0 bis 15% Verdickungsmittel, 0 bis 5% Korrosionsadditive, 0 bis 5% Entschäumer und Farbstoffe, sowie 0 bis 5% Fettsäureamide enthalten.The WO 2005/113640 A1 discloses formulations of low pulmonary toxicity functional fluids containing low unsaturation alkylene oxide copolymers. More particularly, this document relates to low inhalation toxicity water-glycol hydraulic fluids containing from 30 to 60% of a water-soluble polyglycol, from 0 to 40% antifreeze, such as ethylene glycol, from 20 to 45% water, from 0 to 15% thickener, from 0 to 5% corrosion additives, 0 to 5% defoamers and dyes, as well as 0 to 5% fatty acid amides included.

Die WO 97/15643 A1 betrifft eine wasserlösliche Schmiermittelzusammensetzung, die aus einer Mischung aus Polyethylenglykol und einem Amin besteht, der weitere Additive zugegeben werden, u.a. wahlweise werden Biozide zugegeben.The WO 97/15643 A1 relates to a water-soluble lubricant composition consisting of a mixture of polyethylene glycol and an amine to which further additives are added, inter alia optionally biocides are added.

Die US 2001/0095021 A1 die Verwendung von Polyalkylenglykol-Copolymeren, die als Basisöle für wasserlösliche Schmiermittelzusammensetzungen verwendet werden. Diese Schmiermittel finden Anwendung in offenen Systemen, die zur Bildung von Aerosolen neigen.The US 2001/0095021 A1 the use of polyalkylene glycol copolymers used as base oils for water-soluble lubricant compositions. These lubricants find application in open systems that tend to form aerosols.

Aus der WO 2007/098523 A2 ist ein betriebsbereites Getriebe, eine Betriebsflüssigkeit für ein solches Getriebe und ein Verfahren zu dessen Erstinbetriebnahme bekannt. Die Betriebsflüssigkeit besteht aus einer Mischung aus Wasser und einem aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoff, in dem Graphitteilchen als Festschmierstoff suspendiert sind. Dieser Festschmierstoff liegt in Form flockiger Graphitteilchen vor, die eine Korngröße von weniger als 50 µm aufweisen. Weitere Bestandteile dieses Schmier- und Kühlmittel sind Dispergieradditive, Entschäumer, Korrosionsinhibitoren. Nachteilig an dieser Betriebsflüssigkeit sind die in fester bzw. flockiger Form vorliegenden Graphitteilchen, die sich zum einen aus der Suspension absetzen und damit die zu schmierenden Betriebsteile verkleben können. Ein weiterer Nachteil ist die hartnäckige Verschmutzung von Bauteilen, die mit graphithaltigen Schmierstoffen in Kontakt kommen. Ist eine Filtration des Schmieröles im Betrieb erforderlich, kann der Graphit zu einem Verstopfen der Filterporen führen. Außerdem weist die Betriebsflüssigkeit eine sehr niedrige Viskosität auf, die bei hohen Belastungen zu einem Versagen des Schmierfilms führen kann.From the WO 2007/098523 A2 is known an operational transmission, a working fluid for such a transmission and a method for its initial operation. The operating fluid consists of a mixture of water and an aliphatic hydrocarbon in which graphite particles are suspended as a solid lubricant. This solid lubricant is in the form of flaky graphite particles having a particle size of less than 50 microns. Further components of this lubricant and coolant are dispersing additives, defoamers, Corrosion inhibitors. Disadvantages of this operating fluid are the graphite particles present in solid or flaky form, which on the one hand can settle out of the suspension and thus adhere the operating parts to be lubricated. Another disadvantage is the persistent contamination of components that come into contact with graphite-containing lubricants. If a filtration of the lubricating oil is required during operation, the graphite may lead to a clogging of the filter pores. In addition, the operating fluid has a very low viscosity, which can lead to failure of the lubricating film at high loads.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung lag deshalb die Aufgabe zu Grunde, einen Schmierstoff auf Wasserbasis bereitzustellen, der den oben genannten Anforderungen entspricht, insbesondere biologisch abbaubar ist und der dazu beiträgt, die Produktion von Kohlendioxid deutlich zu verringern.The present invention was therefore based on the object to provide a water-based lubricant that meets the above requirements, in particular is biodegradable and that helps to significantly reduce the production of carbon dioxide.

Dieses Problem wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß ein Schmierstoff bestehend aus Wasser, wasserlöslichen Polyalkylenglykolen wasserlöslichen Emulgatoren und schmierstoffüblichen Zusatzmitteln verwendet wird. Die wasserlöslichen Polyalkylenglykole werden ausgewählt aus der Gruppe statistisch verteiler Polyoxyethylen- und Polyoxypropyleneinheiten und/oder anderer Polyoxyalkylenbausteine mit einer oder mehreren Hydroxylendgruppen, aus einem Blockpolymer aus Polyoxyethylen- und/oder Polyoxypropyleneinheiten und/oder anderen Polyoxyalkylenbausteinen. Als Emulgator werden anionische Tenside, z.B. Sulfonate, nichtionische Tenside, z.B. Fettalkoholethoxylate oder NPE oder kationische Tenside, z.B. quartäre Ammoniumverbindungen, wasserlösliche oder wasseremulgierbare Carbonsäureester eingesetzt.This problem is inventively solved in that a lubricant consisting of water, water-soluble polyalkylene glycols, water-soluble emulsifiers and lubricant-compatible additives is used. The water-soluble polyalkylene glycols are selected from the group of randomly distributing polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene units and / or other polyoxyalkylene units having one or more hydroxyl end groups, from a block polymer of polyoxyethylene and / or polyoxypropylene units and / or other polyoxyalkylene units. As the emulsifier, anionic surfactants, e.g. Sulfonates, nonionic surfactants, e.g. Fatty alcohol ethoxylates or NPE or cationic surfactants, e.g. quaternary ammonium compounds, water-soluble or water-emulsifiable carboxylic acid esters used.

Überraschendenrveise wurde gefunden, dass bestimmte Formulierungen auf Wasserbasis (Wassergehalt > 10%) die Schmierleistung üblicher Schmierstoffe übertreffen und Reibwerte signifikant senken. Dadurch und durch die gute intrinsische Kühlwirkung kommt es zu verringerter Temperaturentwicklung im Tribosystem. Solche Schmierstoffe auf Wasserbasis sind gut biologisch abbaubar und umweltverträglich in aquatischer Umgebung. Außerdem zeichnen sie sich durch gute Verträglichkeit mit gummielastischen Werkstoffen aus.It has surprisingly been found that certain water-based formulations (water content> 10%) exceed the lubricating performance of conventional lubricants and significantly reduce coefficients of friction. This and the good intrinsic cooling effect leads to reduced temperature development in the tribosystem. Such water-based lubricants are readily biodegradable and environmentally friendly in an aquatic environment. In addition, they are characterized by good compatibility with rubber-elastic materials.

Je nach Anwendung kann beispielsweise das Tieftemperaturverhalten wasserbasierter Schmierstoffe durch Zusatz von Frostschutzmittel, z.B. niedermolekularer Glycole, Glycerin, Salze oder Ionischer Flüssigkeiten erheblich verbessert werden.Depending on the application, for example, the low-temperature behavior of water-based lubricants by the addition of antifreeze, e.g. low molecular weight glycols, glycerol, salts or ionic liquids can be significantly improved.

Weiterhin können Additive zugesetzt werden, um die Eigenschaften des Schmierstoffs gezielt zu beeinflussen. Diese können in löslicher oder dispergierter, kolloidaler oder nanoskaliger Form vorliegen.Furthermore, additives can be added to influence the properties of the lubricant targeted. These may be in soluble or dispersed, colloidal or nanoscale form.

Falls erwünscht, können wasserbasierte Schmierstoffe auch schäumend formuliert werden. Die Applikation als Sprühschaum ist hierbei von besonderem Interesse, weil dadurch eine visuelle Kontrolle des Schmierstoffauftrags ermöglicht wird. Im Falle einer Kontamination von Textilien oder Maschinenteilen mit wasserbasierten Schmierflüssigkeiten sind diese leicht zu reinigen.If desired, water-based lubricants can also be formulated foaming. The application as a spray foam is of particular interest here, because it allows a visual control of the lubricant application. In the case of contamination of textiles or machine parts with water-based lubricating fluids, these are easy to clean.

Zum Einfärben von Schmierstoffen auf Mineralöl- oder Syntheseölbasis sind meist gesundheitsschädliche und/oder ökotoxikologische Farbstoffe erforderlich. Im Falle wasserbasierter Schmierstoffe kann eine Vielzahl an toxikologisch unbedenklichen wasserlöslichen Farbstoffen bis hin zu Lebensmittelfarben eingesetzt werden.To stain lubricants based on mineral oil or synthetic oil are usually harmful and / or ecotoxicological dyes required. In the case of water-based lubricants, a variety of toxicologically harmless water-soluble dyes to food colors can be used.

Das erfindungsgemäße "Grundöl" kann auch durch Vermischen mit Seifen- oder Harnstoffpulvern, Schichtsilicaten oder anderer gängiger Schmierstoffverdicker zu einem Schmierfett oder einer Schmierpaste umgesetzt werden.The "base oil" according to the invention can also be converted into a lubricating grease or a lubricating paste by mixing with soap or urea powders, layered silicates or other common lubricant thickeners.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen wasserbasierten Schmierstoffes enthält:

  • 5 bis 80 Gew.-% wasserlösliches Polyalkylenglykol ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus statistisch verteilten Polyoxyethylen- und/oder Polyoxypropyleneinheiten und/oder anderen Polyoxyalkylenbausteinen, einem Blockpolymer aus Polyoxyethylen- und/oder Polyoxypropyleneinheiten und/oder anderen Polyoxyalkylenbausteinen,
  • 0,5 bis 20 Gew.% schäumende oder nichtschäumende Emulgatoren aus der Klasse anionischer (z.B. Sulfonate), nichtionischer (z.B. Fettalkoholethoxylate oder auch NPE) oder kationischer (z.B. quartäre Ammoniumverbindungen) Tenside oder wasserlöslicher oder wasseremulgierbarer Carbonsäureester,
  • 0,5 bis 50 Gew.-% Frostschutzmittel, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Alkylenglycol, Glycerin, Salze oder Ionische Flüssigkeiten,
  • 0,05 bis 10 Gew.-% Korrosionsadditive, wie Alkanolamine, Borsäure- oder Carbonsäurederivate,
  • 0,001 bis 1 Gew.-% Additive zur Verhinderung von Schaumbildung, z.B. Polydimethylsiloxane oder Acrylatpolymere,
  • 0,05 bis 5 Gew.-% Verschleißschutzmittel,
  • 0,001 bis 0,5 Gew.-% Biozide, z.B. Sorbinsäure und
  • 0,05 bis 5 Gew.-% Ceroxid-Nanopartikel,
  • ad Wasser 100 Gew.-%, wobei der Wassergehalt >10% beträgt.
A preferred embodiment of the water-based lubricant according to the invention contains:
  • From 5 to 80% by weight of water-soluble polyalkylene glycol selected from the group consisting of randomly distributed polyoxyethylene and / or polyoxypropylene units and / or other polyoxyalkylene units, a block polymer of polyoxyethylene and / or polyoxypropylene units and / or other polyoxyalkylene units,
  • 0.5 to 20% by weight of foaming or non-foaming emulsifiers from the class of anionic (eg sulfonates), nonionic (eg fatty alcohol ethoxylates or also NPE) or cationic (eg quaternary ammonium compounds) surfactants or water-soluble or water-emulsifiable carboxylic acid esters,
  • 0.5 to 50% by weight of antifreeze selected from the group consisting of alkylene glycol, glycerol, salts or ionic liquids,
  • From 0.05 to 10% by weight of corrosion additives, such as alkanolamines, boric acid or carboxylic acid derivatives,
  • 0.001 to 1% by weight of additives for preventing foaming, for example polydimethylsiloxanes or acrylate polymers,
  • 0.05 to 5% by weight of wear protection agent,
  • 0.001 to 0.5 wt .-% biocides, for example sorbic acid and
  • 0.05 to 5% by weight of cerium oxide nanoparticles,
  • ad water 100 wt .-%, wherein the water content is> 10%.

Des weiteren kann die Schmierstoffzusammensetzung
0,5 bis 40 Gew.-% Schmierstoffverdicker, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Metallseifen aus Mono- und/oder Dicarbonsäuren, Harnstoffen, Schichtsilikaten, Festschmierstoffen und Aerosil
enthalten.Furthermore, the lubricant composition
0.5 to 40 wt .-% lubricant thickener selected from the group consisting of metal soaps of mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids, ureas, phyllosilicates, solid lubricants and Aerosil
contain.

BeispieleExamples

Die Beispiele 1 sowie 3 bis 5 sind Vergleichsbeispiele.Examples 1 and 3 to 5 are comparative examples.

Beispiel 1example 1

Zur Herstellung eines Getriebeöls werden die folgenden Bestandteile gemischt: Wasser dest. 45,0 Gew.-% Propylenglycol 20,0 Gew.-% Polyethylenglycol hochmolekular 25,0 Gew.-% Alkoholpolyglycolether 5,0 Gew.-% Alkanolamin und Borsäurederivat 2,0 Gew.-% Geschwefelte Fettsäure 3,0 Gew.-% To produce a gear oil, the following ingredients are mixed: Water dist. 45.0% by weight propylene glycol 20.0% by weight Polyethylene glycol high molecular weight 25.0% by weight alcohol polyglycol 5.0% by weight Alkanolamine and boric acid derivative 2.0% by weight Sulfurized fatty acid 3.0% by weight

Es handelt sich um eine praktisch farblose wasserklare Lösung der ISO VG 32 mit geringer Schaumneigung. Der Schmierstoff bleibt bis zu Temperaturen von -35°C flüssig.
Das im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Schmierstoffen drastisch reduzierte Reibniveau führt zu einer deutlich verbesserten Energieeffizienz und einem geringeren Geräuschniveau sowie verlängerten Standzeiten im Betrieb. Durch den Austausch von Mineralöl oder eines diesem entsprechenden Grundöls durch Wasser liegt der Vorteil auf der Nachhaltigkeit dieses Schmierstoffes.
Ein derartig zusammengesetzter Schmierstoff eignet sich besonders durch das festschmierstofffreie Konzept für Anwendungen, bei denen der Schmierstoff laufend filtriert wird, wie z.B. Getriebe in Windkraftanlagen.It is a virtually colorless water-clear solution of ISO VG 32 with low foaming tendency. The lubricant remains liquid up to temperatures of -35 ° C.
The drastically reduced friction level compared to conventional lubricants leads to significantly improved energy efficiency and a lower noise level as well as longer service life. By exchanging mineral oil or a corresponding base oil with water, the advantage lies in the sustainability of this lubricant.
Such a composite lubricant is particularly suitable due to the solid lubricants-free concept for applications in which the lubricant is continuously filtered, such as gearboxes in wind turbines.

In Tabelle 1 sind Eigenschaften der Beispielformulierung 1 im Vergleich zu einem Mineralöl-basierten Produkt aufgeführt. Tabelle 1 Beispiel 1 Mineralölprodukt Viskositätslage bei 40°C ISO VG 32 ISO VG 32 Pourpoint -35°C -10°C Reibzahl, SRV-Test 0,058 0,100 Hazen Farbzahl 35 140 Table 1 shows properties of Example Formulation 1 compared to a mineral oil based product. <b> Table 1 </ b> example 1 petroleum product Viscosity at 40 ° C ISO VG 32 ISO VG 32 pour Point -35 ° C -10 ° C Friction coefficient, SRV test 0.058 0,100 Hazen color number 35 140

Beispiel 2 (gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung)Example 2 (according to the present invention)

Zur Herstellung eines hochbelastbaren Getriebeöls werden die nachfolgenden Bestandteile miteinander vermischt Wasser dest. 38,0 Gew.-% Propylenglycol 20,0 Gew.-% Polyethylenglycol hochmolekular 25,0 Gew.-% Alkoholpolyglycolether 5,0 Gew.-% Carbonsäurederivat M-528, Cortec 10,0 Gew.-% Geschwefelte Fettsäure 2,3 Gew.-% Ceroxid Nanopartikel 0,05 Gew.-% Sorbinsäure 0,003 Gew.-% Acrylcopolymer 0,003 Gew.-% To produce a heavy-duty gear oil, the following ingredients are mixed together Water dist. 38.0% by weight propylene glycol 20.0% by weight Polyethylene glycol high molecular weight 25.0% by weight alcohol polyglycol 5.0% by weight Carboxylic acid derivative M-528, Cortec 10.0% by weight Sulfurized fatty acid 2.3% by weight Ceria nanoparticles 0.05% by weight sorbic acid 0.003% by weight acrylic copolymer 0.003% by weight

Auch hier sind die schon in Beispiel 1 beschriebenen Vorteile des Schmierstoffes vorhanden. Durch den Zusatz von Nanopartikeln ist ein nochmals erhöhter Verschleißschutz gewährleistet.Again, the advantages of the lubricant already described in Example 1 are present. The addition of nanoparticles ensures even greater wear protection.

In Tabelle 2 sind Eigenschaften der Beispielformulierung 2 im Vergleich zu einem Mineralöl-basierten Produkt aufgeführt. Trotz deutlich niedriger Viskosität weist die wässrige Formulierung einen signifikant verbesserten Verschleißschutz (höhere erreichbare Flächenprässung) gemäß Reichert auf. Tabelle 2 Beispiel 2 Mineralölprodukt Viskositätslage bei 40°C 110 mm2/s 460 mm2/s Pourpoint -35°C -10°C Flächenpressung nach Reichert-Verschleißwaage gemäß VKIS-Arbeitsblatt 3500 N/cm2 2800 N/cm2 Hazen Farbzahl 130 230 Table 2 shows properties of Example Formulation 2 compared to a mineral oil based product. Despite its clearly low viscosity, the aqueous formulation has significantly improved wear protection (higher achievable surface coverage), according to Reichert. <b> Table 2 </ b> Example 2 petroleum product Viscosity at 40 ° C 110 mm 2 / s 460 mm 2 / s pour Point -35 ° C -10 ° C Surface pressure according to Reichert wear scale according to VKIS worksheet 3500 N / cm 2 2800 N / cm 2 Hazen color number 130 230

Beispiel 3Example 3

Ein Ölschaum besteht aus Wasser dest. 50,0 Gew.-% Propylenglycol 15,0 Gew.-% Polyethylenglycol hochmolekular 25,0 Gew.-% Schäumendes Fettalkoholethoxylat 5,0 Gew.-% Alkanolamin und Borsäurederivat 2,0 Gew.-% Geschwefelte Fettsäure 3,0 Gew.-% An oil foam consists of Water dist. 50.0% by weight propylene glycol 15.0% by weight Polyethylene glycol high molecular weight 25.0% by weight Foaming fatty alcohol ethoxylate 5.0% by weight Alkanolamine and boric acid derivative 2.0% by weight Sulfurized fatty acid 3.0% by weight

Auch hier sind die schon in Beispiel 1 beschriebenen Vorteile des Schmierstoffes vorhanden, der Pourpoint der Formulierung liegt bei -20°C.Again, the advantages of the lubricant already described in Example 1 are present, the pour point of the formulation is -20 ° C.

Diese Zusammensetzung weist eine hohe Schaumbildung auf, was die Applikation mittels Spray/Pumpspray als Schaum ermöglicht.
Eine derartige Anwendung hat den Vorteil, daß der Schmierstoff auf der Oberfläche gut visuell detektiert werden kann, selbst bei Minimalmengenschmierung unmittelbar nach Applikation z.B. mit dem Fokus Qualitätssicherung. Ein weiterer Vorteil der Applikation als Schaum ist die verbesserte Benetzung der gesamten Oberfläche des Tribosystems, was eine verkürzte Einlaufzeit und ein verbessertes Einlaufverhalten ermöglicht.
Abbildung 1 zeigt ein deutlich niedrigeres Drehmoment eines mit geschäumtem (nicht wasserbasiertem) Schmierstoff versehenen Wälzlagers innerhalb der ersten 120 Minuten Laufzeit.This composition has a high foam formation, which allows the application by means of spray / pump spray as a foam.
Such an application has the advantage that the lubricant on the surface can be detected well visually, even with minimum quantity lubrication immediately after application, for example with the focus quality assurance. A further advantage of the application as foam is the improved wetting of the entire surface of the tribosystem, which allows a shortened run-in time and an improved run-in behavior.
illustration 1 shows a significantly lower torque of foamed (not water-based) lubricant bearing within the first 120 minutes running time.

Abb. 1: Stromaufnahme eines mit Schmierstoff A geschmierten Wälzlagers.
Graue Kurve: Standardapplikation.
Schwarze Kurve: Applikation als Schaum. A bb. 1: Current consumption of a lubricated with lubricant A bearing.
Gray curve: standard application.
Black curve: application as a foam.

Beispiel 4Example 4

Herstellung eines wasserbasierten Fettes mit Tieftemperatur-Eignung enthaltend Wasser dest. 32,0 Gew.-% Propylenglycol 15,0 Gew.-% Polyethylenglycol hochmolekular 15,0 Gew.-% Li-Hydroxystearat 35,0 Gew.-% Na-Sebazat 3,0 Gew.-% Preparation of a water based grease containing low temperature suitability Water dist. 32.0% by weight propylene glycol 15.0% by weight Polyethylene glycol high molecular weight 15.0% by weight Li-hydroxystearate 35.0% by weight Na sebacate 3.0% by weight

In Tabelle 3 sind Eigenschaften der Beispielformulierung 4 aufgeführt. Tabelle 3 Walkpenetration DIN ISO 2137 NLGI 2 Grundölviskosität, DIN 51562 90 cst Fließdruck bei -30°C, DIN 51805 < 1400 mbar Table 3 shows properties of Example Formulation 4. <b><u> Table 3 </ u></b> Walkpenetration DIN ISO 2137 NLGI 2 Base oil viscosity, DIN 51562 90 cst Flow pressure at -30 ° C, DIN 51805 <1400 mbar

Beispiel 5Example 5

Schmiermittel bestehend aus: Wasser dest. 27,5 Gew.-% Polyalkylenglycol hochmolekular 50,0 Gew.-% Alkylenglycol 10,0 Gew.-% Carbonsäurederivat M-528, Cortec 2,0 Gew.-% Wasserlöslicher Carbonsäureester 10,0 Gew.-% Acrylcopolymer 0,5 Gew.-% Lubricant consisting of: Water dist. 27.5% by weight Polyalkylene glycol high molecular weight 50.0% by weight alkylene 10.0% by weight Carboxylic acid derivative M-528, Cortec 2.0% by weight Water-soluble carboxylic acid ester 10.0% by weight acrylic copolymer 0.5% by weight

Dieser Schmierstoff ist zur Schmierung von Dichtungen an rotierenden Wellen geeignet und im Gegensatz zu den bekannten Schmiermitteln aus Mineralölen oder synthetischen Kohlenwasserstoffen gut biologisch abbaubar und deshalb umweltverträglich zu entsorgen. Er zeichnet sich durch eine niedrige Reibung, gute Kühlwirkung, gute Verträglichkeit mit gummielastischen Werkstoffen aus und besitzt ein niedriges Gewässerverschmutzungspotential. Vorteilhafterweise verändert er die Viskosität bei Verdünnung mit Wasser nur wenig und ermöglicht daher die Ausbildung eines wirksamen Schmierfilms.This lubricant is suitable for the lubrication of seals on rotating shafts and, in contrast to the known lubricants of mineral oils or synthetic hydrocarbons well biodegradable and therefore environmentally friendly to dispose of. It is characterized by a low friction, good cooling effect, good compatibility with rubber-elastic materials and has a low Gewässerverschmutzungspotential. Advantageously, it changes the viscosity when diluted with water only slightly and therefore allows the formation of an effective lubricating film.

Der erfindungsgemäße wasserbasierte Schmierstoff kann zur Schmierung von Antriebselementen in Ketten, Getrieben, Wälz- und Gleitlagern oder zur Schmierung von Dichtungen an rotierenden Wellen in Form eines Schaums, Sprays oder Emulsion, die mittels Sprüh- oder Pumpsprayeinrichtungen mit dem Fokus der besseren Oberflächenbenetzung und der besseren Detektierbarkeit dünner Schmierfilme appliziert wird, verwendet werden.The water-based lubricant according to the invention can be used for lubricating drive elements in chains, gears, rolling and sliding bearings or for lubricating seals on rotating shafts in the form of a foam, spray or emulsion by means of spray or pump spray devices with the focus of better surface wetting and the better Detectability of thin lubricating films is applied, can be used.

Claims (4)

  1. Lubricant on a water basis containing:
    5 to 80% by weight of water-soluble polyalkyl glycol, chosen from the group consisting of statistically distributed polyoxyethylene and/or polyoxypropylene units and/or other polyoxyalkyl building blocks, a block polymer in polyoxyethylene and/or polyoxypropylene units and/or polyoxyalkylene building blocks,
    0.5 to 20% by weight of foaming or non-foaming emulsifiers from the class of anionic, non-anionic or cationic tensides, water-soluble or water-emulsifiable carboxylic acid esters,
    0.5 to 50% by weight of an anti-freeze substance, chosen from the group consisting of alkylene glycol, glycerine or ionic liquids,
    0.05 to 19% by weight of corrosion additives, chosen from the group consisting of alkonol amines, boric acid and carboxylic acid derivatives,
    0.001 to 1% by weight of additives to prevent foaming, chosen from the group consisting of polydimethylsiloxane and acrylate polymers,
    0.05 to 5% by weight of sulphurised fatty acid as an anti-wear agent,
    0.001 to 0.5% by weight of sorbic acid as a biocide,
    0.05 to 5% by weight of ceroxide nanoparticles, and
    water, 100% by weight, whereby the water content is >10%.
  2. Lubricant according to Claim 1 above containing:
    0.5 to 40% by weight of a lubricant thickener chosen from the group consisting of metal soaps from mono- and/or dicarboxylic acids, uric acids, laminated silicates, solid lubricants and aerosol.
  3. The use of the water-based lubricant according to either Claim 1 or Claim 2 above for the lubrication of drive components in chains, gear systems, roller and friction bearings or for the lubrication of seals in rotating shafts.
  4. The use of the water-based lubricant according to either Claim1 or Claim 2 above in the form of a foam, a spray or an emulsion that is applied with the use of a spray or a pump-spray device with the aim of maximising the surface wetting and improving the detectability of thin lubricant layers.
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JP5698240B2 (en) 2015-04-08
RU2012112337A (en) 2013-10-10

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