EP2468961B1 - Electric hammer - Google Patents

Electric hammer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2468961B1
EP2468961B1 EP11191756.3A EP11191756A EP2468961B1 EP 2468961 B1 EP2468961 B1 EP 2468961B1 EP 11191756 A EP11191756 A EP 11191756A EP 2468961 B1 EP2468961 B1 EP 2468961B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hammer
electric
electric hammer
striking
movement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11191756.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2468961A1 (en
Inventor
Marco Casadei
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soilmec SpA
Original Assignee
Soilmec SpA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2468961A1 publication Critical patent/EP2468961A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2468961B1 publication Critical patent/EP2468961B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02—Placing by driving
    • E02D7/06—Power-driven drivers

Definitions

  • the hammer used for driving piles generally is of the hydraulic type or of the internal combustion type, such as disclosed in FR 2 581 100 A1 .
  • hydraulic energy is used, transferred through oil and devices such as pistons for moving the striking hammer the kinetic energy whereof transforms into a pulse after the impact against a casing mounted on the pile to be driven.
  • the main drawbacks of this solution are low energy efficiency that is around 70%, and the presence of hydraulic oil with all the disposal and pollution problems related to the same. Moreover, the speed of the striking hammer may at most be a little higher than that in free fall and thus, the energy that may be transferred with this type of hammers is limited and very heavy striking hammers are required for large sized piles. The effectiveness is further reduced in case of tilted processing since the force of gravity does not act in the same direction in which the striking hammer moves. The efficiency of common hydraulic hammers is about 70%.
  • EP0265566B1 describes an electric hammer wherein a striking hammer is connected to an electromagnet that moves it; the impact of the striking hammer on a pile to be driven in the ground is determined by fall by gravity and thus, the impact force is a function of the height wherefrom the striking hammer starts for striking said pile.
  • CN2594318Y describes an electric hammer wherein an electric motor is indirectly coupled to a striking hammer, that is, through a reducer.
  • Such solution is inefficient since the reducer cannot withstand the strikes imparted by the striking hammer on the pile; otherwise, it may be broken in a short time.
  • the reducer must be vibrationally isolated and in any case its presence imposes a mechanical complexity of the hammer described therein.
  • the object of the present invention therefore is to describe an electric hammer free from the drawbacks described above.
  • an electric hammer is provided as described in the first claim.
  • reference numeral 1 indicates an operating machine 1, comprising an antenna 2 whereon electric hammer 3 object of the present invention is installed. A pile 4 to be driven is present underneath electric hammer 3.
  • Pile 4 to be driven may be made of metal of prefabricated concrete.
  • Electric hammer 3 The purpose of electric hammer 3 is to drive pile 4 into the ground. Electric hammer 3 has the possibility of translating along antenna 2 and is moved by a rope connected to a winch of machine 1, not shown.
  • stator element of an electric motor with a high specific torque [Nm/A], which exhibits electric windings capable of generating a suitable magnetic field.
  • Rotor 6 with a cylindrical shape, is made with permanent magnets (for example rare earths), arranged as plates around the rotor structure and is free from windings; the permanent magnets, suitably energized by the magnetic field generated by stator 5, tend to rotate relative to axis 7.
  • External casing 8 which is fixed and not rotating, constrains stator 5 imparting the necessary reaction thereto and connecting to an intermediate element 9 first and then to a frame 10 that exhibits means for constraining to antenna 2, leaving electric hammer 3 free to translate along antenna 2.
  • Rotor 6 is connected to a device 11 capable of transforming the rotatory movement into an axial movement.
  • a device 11 capable of transforming the rotatory movement into an axial movement.
  • it is a recirculation ball screw 11; screw 11 is subject to a rotatory movement and is supported by a pair of bearings 12, 13 capable of withstanding the loads involved; screw 11 is associated to a female screw 14 that exhibits an axial movement when screw 11 is rotating.
  • Said axial movement of female screw 14 is oriented along an axis X of maximum extension of electric hammer 3.
  • Screw 11 and female screw 14 exhibit a helical groove wherein balls (not shown) slide.
  • guiding elements 15 are arranged in an opposite position relative to each other, radially arranged about the circumference of electric hammer 3, on two axes orthogonal to each other.
  • Female screw 14 is then connected to an extension element 16 which is in turn connected to a striking hammer 17.
  • a translational motion of striking hammer 17 is thus obtained by actuating rotor 6, which strikes pile 4.
  • the impact imparts the required energy to the pile to be driven in the ground.
  • a casing (not shown in the annexed figures) is often interposed between striking hammer 17 and pile 4, and in particular on the lower end of same striking hammer 17; such casing exhibits a plurality of damping elements required for keeping the pile in the correct position and reducing the energy that is released to the frame.
  • Rotor 6 is subject to an alternating rotatory movement (for example in a clockwise direction first and in a counter-clockwise direction after; or vice versa) and consequently, striking hammer 17 is subject to an alternating translational motion, as it is directed downwards (for striking pile 4) and then upwards again.
  • Hammer 17 may move from a maximum height position to a minimum height position relative to the ground.
  • the two extreme positions of maximum and minimum height, respectively, are detected by two position sensors 18, 19.
  • An encoder 20 is further provided for detecting the angular position of the rotor and thus know where the striking hammer is.
  • the striking hammer generates the impact, both by the effect of the thrust by the force of gravity, and by the effect of the thrust actively given by female screw 14 of recirculation ball screw 11 actuated by rotor 6.
  • This type of electric motors is often called “direct drive” as they exhibit an architecture that allows using them directly connected to the load without putting any reducers before. This greatly simplifies the mechanics. Moreover, these motors exhibit very high torques and therefore, combining the thrust generated by this motor with the thrust due to the force of gravity acting on the striking hammer it is possible to obtain a transfer of high specific energy using light striking hammers.
  • the electric hammer object of the present invention is suitable and especially adapted for being used on a fully electric, and thus low-environment impact, machine. This makes it adapted for any operation in closed environments wherein it is not possible to directly introduce exhaust gases to the environment nor it is possible to use too noisy devices.
  • the use of intelligent direct drive electric motors allows controlling the dynamics of the strikes, adapting it to the ground for obtaining the highest driving efficacy. Strike frequency and impact energy may be varied as desired, obtaining a synergic effect of the gravitational component, which in any case would not be avoided, with a strength imparted by the rotation of rotor 6, which is therefore adjustable; in this case, the user may advantageously operate the electric hammer according to the present invention through controls electrically connected to a data processing unit. At least the position of striking hammer 17 may be monitored and detected continuously, via software, through encoder 20, electrically connected to the data processing unit.
  • rotor 5 and stator 6 operate as a current generator, for example supplying a battery (not shown in the annexed figures).
  • electric hammer 3 object of the present invention may be effectively operated also in strongly tilted conditions, being able to use not only the gravitational force action but also the active one of motor 6 and of recirculation ball screw 11.
  • a further advantage of electric hammer 3 object of the present invention is that rotor 6 does not require wiring or electric power that should have to be transmitted through complex and delicate sliding contacts. In fact, the required magnetic field is directly generated by permanent magnets.
  • electric hammer 3 object of the present invention is very simple, with few components and therefore with minimal maintenance, while ensuring a very high overall efficiency, higher than 90%.
EP11191756.3A 2010-12-23 2011-12-02 Electric hammer Active EP2468961B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO2010A001048A IT1403420B1 (it) 2010-12-23 2010-12-23 Martello elettrico.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2468961A1 EP2468961A1 (en) 2012-06-27
EP2468961B1 true EP2468961B1 (en) 2015-06-17

Family

ID=43737437

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11191756.3A Active EP2468961B1 (en) 2010-12-23 2011-12-02 Electric hammer

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2468961B1 (it)
IT (1) IT1403420B1 (it)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI130260B (en) * 2021-12-13 2023-05-17 Junttan Oy Hoist arrangement and piling hammer using linear electric machine

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2581100B1 (fr) * 1985-04-29 1987-10-09 Martelec Mouton de battage electro-magnetique
DE265566T1 (de) 1986-10-24 1988-08-11 Procedes Techniques De Construction, Pantin, Fr Elektromagnetischer rammbaer.
CN2594318Y (zh) * 2003-01-17 2003-12-24 丁焰 电动打桩冲孔两用机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1403420B1 (it) 2013-10-17
EP2468961A1 (en) 2012-06-27
ITTO20101048A1 (it) 2012-06-24

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