EP2468078B1 - Elektronisches vorschaltgerät und verfahren zum betreiben mindestens einer entladungslampe - Google Patents

Elektronisches vorschaltgerät und verfahren zum betreiben mindestens einer entladungslampe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2468078B1
EP2468078B1 EP10776646.1A EP10776646A EP2468078B1 EP 2468078 B1 EP2468078 B1 EP 2468078B1 EP 10776646 A EP10776646 A EP 10776646A EP 2468078 B1 EP2468078 B1 EP 2468078B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
discharge lamp
coupled
output terminal
electronic
electronic ballast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10776646.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2468078A1 (de
Inventor
Olaf Busse
Siegfried Mayer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram GmbH
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Osram GmbH
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Publication of EP2468078A1 publication Critical patent/EP2468078A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2468078B1 publication Critical patent/EP2468078B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
    • H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
    • H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
    • H05B41/3925—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations by frequency variation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electronic ballast for operating at least one discharge lamp having an input with a first and a second input terminal for coupling with a DC supply voltage, an output having a first and a second output terminal for coupling to the at least one discharge lamp, a bridge circuit having at least one first and a second electronic switch, wherein a series circuit of the first and the second electronic switch is coupled to form a first bridge center between the first and the second input terminal, a lamp inductor coupled between the first bridge center and the first output terminal, at least one trapezoidal capacitor coupled in parallel with one of the electronic switches, a resonant capacitor coupled in parallel with the first and second output terminals, a control device for driving g of at least the first and the second electronic switch with a drive signal, wherein the drive signal during a preheating phase of a first and a second coil of at least one connected between the first and the second output terminal discharge lamp has an operating frequency, wherein the control device is designed, during an ignition phase of Discharge lamp to lower the operating frequency, and
  • the EP0707438 A2 shows an electronic ballast for a gas discharge lamp, wherein the ballast heats the lamp filaments according to the Dimmgrad during a dimming phase.
  • the DE102005013564 A1 shows a circuit arrangement and method for operating at least one lamp having a first and a second coil, wherein the lamp comprises a device for determining a size which is correlated with the temperature of at least one of the two coils.
  • the DE29514817U1 discloses an electronic ballast having a heating circuit that can be independently controlled and that the electronic ballast heats the lamp filaments when the electronic Vorschal réelle is in dimming mode.
  • the problem underlying the present invention results from the design of so-called multi-lamp ECGs (electronic ballasts), that is electronic ballasts, for the operation of different discharge lamps, in particular low-pressure discharge lamps.
  • ECGs electronic ballasts
  • the power range of the discharge lamps that can be operated with it ranges from 14 W to 80 W.
  • the filaments of the at least one discharge lamp connected to the electronic ballast are heated during a preheating phase. Shortly before the start of the ignition phase, the heating of the coils is switched off.
  • the control device is implemented as an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit), wherein such an integrated circuit operates as a so-called state machine. Thereafter, states can only be processed serially, that is, in the present case, the preheating phase, followed by the ignition phase.
  • the DC supply voltage is independent of the respectively connected discharge lamp, the only possibility for adaptation to the respective connected Discharge lamp is to vary the operating frequency of the drive signal for the first and the second electronic switch.
  • the spectrum of the operating frequencies in the mentioned example ranges from 90 kHz (for 14 W lamps) to 45 kHz (for 80 W lamps).
  • the resonance capacitor is chosen to be small, for example 2.2 nF, in order to generate the least possible losses. Since in generic electronic ballasts with particularly high efficiency preferably active components, in particular the control device, from an AC voltage source in the load circuit, preferably the trapezoidal capacitor, are supplied with energy, this is to be dimensioned so that it at the lower limit frequency, ie in the example 45 kHz, provides sufficient power. He should therefore be sized as large as possible; in the example about 1 nF.
  • the ratio of the capacitance of the resonant capacitor to the capacitance of the trapezoidal capacitor determines the slope of the edge of the voltage U HBM at the first bridge center of the bridge circuit.
  • Curve 1 shows the progression for a large ratio called Curve 2) for a small ratio called.
  • Curve 2 reduces the time period t S2 in comparison to the time period t S1 . Accordingly, the smaller this ratio is, the more difficult it is to ensure a switching-relieved oscillation of the bridge circuit, since the switching process triggering the oscillation has to take place within the periods t S1 , t S2 .
  • the period t S2 when operating at high frequencies is the period t S2 when operating at high frequencies.
  • the switches of the bridge circuit for the purpose of preheating and ignition must be operated at a significantly higher frequency than as for the above-mentioned normal operation.
  • the frequency when a discharge lamp with low power is connected to the electronic ballast, the frequency must not be too low during the heating of the filaments of the discharge lamp, otherwise there is a risk of pre-ignition when the OCV (Open Circuit Voltage) of the discharge lamp is exceeded.
  • OCV Open Circuit Voltage
  • the resonance capacitor In order to ensure a switch-relieved operation, the resonance capacitor has been designed larger in the prior art, as actually desired, with the consequence of increased losses.
  • the present invention is therefore the object of developing a generic electronic ballast or a generic method such that a reliable switch-unloaded operation with minimum losses especially in the ignition phase of the discharge lamp can be made sure.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that a safe swing, corresponding to a reliable switch-unloaded operation, even with a small ratio of capacitance of the resonant capacitor to capacitance of the trapezoidal capacitor can be ensured if in the load circuit of the electronic ballast, that is, in particular by the lamp inductor, always one sufficiently large current flows, which provides the necessary reactive energy for the swinging of the bridge circuit.
  • a closer analysis of the procedure in the prior art leads to the realization that there due to the shutdown of the consumer, ie fed from the load circuit Wendelsammlungung, before the start of the ignition phase of the discharge lamp leads to a rapid drop in the load circuit existing reactive energy. This is the root cause of the problems of the prior art.
  • the heating of the filaments remains activated beyond the beginning of the ignition phase, there is no dip in the power consumption from the load circuit since the heating device is still supplied from it. Accordingly, there is enough reactive energy for a reliable switching of the bridge circuit available.
  • the bridge circuit was still operated during the pre-heating circuit relieved, since energy was consumed by the heating of the coils in the prior art.
  • the heater was switched off before the start of the ignition phase.
  • no power was consumed in the output circuit, since the discharge lamp had not yet been ignited.
  • the current through the lamp choke was small and thus there was little reactive energy in the load circuit. This prolonged the swinging of the current through the lamp choke. This could lead to the point that the voltage U HBM at the first bridge center no longer became zero.
  • the switches of the bridge circuit switched with this no longer relieved switching. In the bridge circuit cross currents flowed, which even with appropriate monitoring could lead to the shutdown of the electronic ballast.
  • Another advantage of an electronic ballast according to the invention is that it also lamp replacement resistors can be operated without a takeover problem, as by the invention load jumps after preheating in conjunction with high operating frequencies of Bridge circuit can be reliably prevented by the continued operation of the heater.
  • the heating of the coils is maintained until the discharge lamp has ignited. After ignition, a sufficiently large current flows in the output circuit anyway, which reduces the transient times and ensures that the switches of the bridge circuit are operated switch-relieved.
  • the predetermined period of time from the beginning of the reduction of the operating frequency is at least 20 ms, preferably at least 50 ms, more preferably at least 100 ms.
  • the duration of the predetermined period of time is correlated with the speed with which the operating frequency is lowered. Even a brief overlap of the heating and the ignition phase brings advantages with regard to an improved swinging of the bridge circuit of the electronic ballast. This tends to be further improved by extending the period.
  • the predetermined period of time is such that it extends until after the time of ignition of the discharge lamp.
  • the operating frequency is between 100 and 150 kHz.
  • the operating frequency is preferably between 50 and 100 kHz.
  • the control device is preferably designed, the operating frequency after ignition of the discharge lamp to a Set nominal frequency. This can be between 40 and 95 kHz.
  • the electronic ballast may further comprise an auxiliary voltage source, which is coupled to its supply, in particular using a charge pump, with a trapezoidal capacitor.
  • auxiliary voltage source which is coupled to its supply, in particular using a charge pump, with a trapezoidal capacitor. This provides a possibility, particularly low-loss to realize a voltage source whose amplitude is significantly lower than that of the DC supply voltage.
  • control device is particularly preferably coupled to its supply with the auxiliary voltage source.
  • control device may be designed to deactivate the heating device as soon as an ignition of the discharge lamp can be detected.
  • An ignition of the discharge lamp can be determined in a simple manner by monitoring the lamp burning voltage. Since after ignition of the lamp in the load circuit, a large current flows, so a consumer is present, the heater can be easily switched off without jeopardizing a safe swinging of the bridge circuit.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of the structure of an electronic ballast. This structure is in and of itself known from the prior art, wherein the invention in one, in Fig. 2 initially unrecognizable interpretation of yet to be introduced control device 12 reflects.
  • This in Fig. 2 illustrated electronic ballast comprises an input with a first E1 and a second input terminal E2, between which a DC supply voltage, preferably the so-called intermediate circuit voltage U Zw , is applied.
  • a storage capacitor C 1 is connected in parallel with the input.
  • the storage capacitor C 1 feeds an inverter 10, which comprises a bridge circuit, which in the present case is realized as a half-bridge arrangement.
  • This in turn comprises the series connection of an electronic switch S1 and an electronic switch S2, between which a first half-bridge center HBM1 is formed, and two coupling capacitors C K1 and C K2 , between which a second half-bridge center HBM2 is formed.
  • a lamp inductor L1 is coupled between the first half-bridge center HBM1 and a first output terminal A1 of the electronic ballast.
  • a second output terminal A2 is coupled to the second half-bridge center HBM2.
  • a discharge lamp La is coupled, which comprises a first W1 and a second coil W2.
  • a trapezoidal capacitor C T is coupled.
  • a resonance capacitor C R is coupled between the first output terminal A1 and the reference potential, which in the present case represents the second input terminal E2.
  • the electronic ballast further comprises a control device 12, which via an output AL, the switch S2 and via an output AH drives the switch S1 with a drive signal having an operating frequency.
  • This in Fig. 2 illustrated electronic ballast further comprises a heater.
  • the series connection of the primary winding La of a transformer TR, a capacitor C 2 and an electronic switch S3 between the first half-bridge center HBM1 and the reference potential is coupled.
  • a first secondary winding Lb1 is coupled to the first filament W1 of the discharge lamp La
  • a second secondary winding Lb2 is coupled to the second filament W2 of the discharge lamp La.
  • the switch S3 is also driven by the control device 12 and via an output AS3. Accordingly, if the switch S3 is turned on, a current flows through the primary winding La of the transformer Tr, whereby a current flow through the respective secondary winding Lb1, Lb2 is generated. This leads to heating of the coils W1, W2 of the discharge lamp La.
  • auxiliary voltage source U H To realize an auxiliary voltage source U H , a half-wave rectifier comprising the diodes D1 and D2 is coupled to the trapezoidal capacitor C T. To integrate the voltage provided at the output of the rectifier D1, D2, a capacitor C 3 is used , to which a Zener diode Z1 is connected in parallel.
  • the auxiliary voltage source U H is coupled to the terminal VCC of the control device 12 and supplies them with energy.
  • the voltage drop across the output terminals A1, A2 is designated by U La , the current flowing through the lamp inductor L1 to I L1 , which activates the switch S3 Current with I GS3 and the current flowing through the switch S2 current with I S2 .
  • Fig. 3 shows the time course of the variables I GS3 , U La , I L1 , I S2 in a design of the electronic ballast according to Fig. 2 according to the prior art, wherein Fig. 3b a section of Fig. 3a shortly after the time t 1 in a significantly enlarged resolution shows. How out Fig. 3a can be clearly seen, the switch S3 is turned off at the time t 1 , whereby the preheating of the helices W1, W2 is terminated. Following this, the operating frequency of the switches S1, S2 is continuously reduced, whereby starting from above, ie starting from higher frequencies, the resonant frequency of the load circuit approximates.
  • Fig. 3b shows the current I S2 current peaks, which are an indication that the switches S1, S2 of the half-bridge arrangement is not soft, ie not switch relieved, are switched. If the current I S2 , as usual, for example, using a shunt resistor, measured and fed over the shunt resistor voltage drop of the control device 12, the detection of such current peaks can lead to a shutdown of the electronic ballast.
  • Fig. 4 shows the time course of the operating frequency in the drive signals, at the outputs AH, AL of the control device 12 to the switches S1, S2 in an inventive design of the electronic ballast according to Fig. 2 to be provided.
  • the operating frequency f until the time t 1 is the value f heat , the frequency commonly used for preheating.
  • the operating frequency f is gradually lowered until the time t 2, the ignition of the discharge lamp La takes place. Then the operating frequency f is lowered to a nominal frequency f nom .
  • the ignition phase extends over the period of time which lies between t 2 and t 1 and is referred to herein as T Z. While in the prior art, the switch S3 has been turned off at the time t 1 , in this case extends the heating phase T heat beyond the time t 1 ; it may, as indicated by the dotted line, even extend beyond the time t 2 out.
  • Fig. 5 shown time profiles of the electronic variables U La , I GS3 , I L1 , I S2 ., where Fig. 5b turn a section of Fig. 5a shortly after the time t 1 in a significantly enlarged resolution shows.
  • the beginning of the ignition phase is again marked with t 1 , the time of ignition with t 2 .
  • t 1 the time of ignition with t 2 .
  • the helices W1, W2 of the discharge lamp La are heated up to the time t 3 , that is to say significantly beyond the time t 2 of the ignition of the discharge lamp La.
  • Fig. 5b shows in enlarged resolution the specially marked area of Fig. 5a , shortly before the ignition of the discharge lamp La in an enlarged resolution.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
EP10776646.1A 2009-11-17 2010-11-03 Elektronisches vorschaltgerät und verfahren zum betreiben mindestens einer entladungslampe Not-in-force EP2468078B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009053617A DE102009053617A1 (de) 2009-11-17 2009-11-17 Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät und Verfahren zum Betreiben mindestens einer Entladungslampe
PCT/EP2010/066673 WO2011061053A1 (de) 2009-11-17 2010-11-03 Elektronisches vorschaltgerät und verfahren zum betreiben mindestens einer entladungslampe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2468078A1 EP2468078A1 (de) 2012-06-27
EP2468078B1 true EP2468078B1 (de) 2016-08-17

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ID=43661955

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10776646.1A Not-in-force EP2468078B1 (de) 2009-11-17 2010-11-03 Elektronisches vorschaltgerät und verfahren zum betreiben mindestens einer entladungslampe

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Country Link
EP (1) EP2468078B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR20120005923U (zh)
CN (1) CN202857113U (zh)
DE (1) DE102009053617A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2011061053A1 (zh)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29514817U1 (de) * 1995-09-15 1995-11-16 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb mindestens einer Niederdruckentladungslampe

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5656891A (en) * 1994-10-13 1997-08-12 Tridonic Bauelemente Gmbh Gas discharge lamp ballast with heating control circuit and method of operating same
DE19520999A1 (de) * 1995-06-08 1996-12-12 Siemens Ag Schaltungsanordnung zur Wendelvorheizung von Leuchtstofflampen
CN1589593A (zh) * 2001-11-23 2005-03-02 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 加热放电灯的电极的设备
DE102005013564A1 (de) * 2005-03-23 2006-09-28 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben mindestens einer Lampe
DE102006010996A1 (de) * 2006-03-09 2007-09-13 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer elektrischen Lampe
ATE513450T1 (de) * 2007-04-23 2011-07-15 Osram Gmbh Schaltanordnung zum betreiben einer niederdruck- gasentladungslampe

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29514817U1 (de) * 1995-09-15 1995-11-16 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Schaltungsanordnung zum Betrieb mindestens einer Niederdruckentladungslampe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009053617A1 (de) 2011-05-19
WO2011061053A1 (de) 2011-05-26
CN202857113U (zh) 2013-04-03
KR20120005923U (ko) 2012-08-22
EP2468078A1 (de) 2012-06-27

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