EP2466554A2 - Mobile ID transmitter for keyless systems - Google Patents
Mobile ID transmitter for keyless systems Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2466554A2 EP2466554A2 EP11192295A EP11192295A EP2466554A2 EP 2466554 A2 EP2466554 A2 EP 2466554A2 EP 11192295 A EP11192295 A EP 11192295A EP 11192295 A EP11192295 A EP 11192295A EP 2466554 A2 EP2466554 A2 EP 2466554A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coil
- board
- transmitter
- plane
- coils
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
- G07C9/00944—Details of construction or manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
- H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
- H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
- H01Q1/3241—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems particular used in keyless entry systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
Definitions
- the invention relates to a mobile ID transmitter for locking systems of a motor vehicle, in particular for keyless access systems on motor vehicles.
- Such ID encoders are for example from the DE 102007020432 the applicant as well as the EP 2211005 known.
- Generic mobile ID encoders have a housing which surrounds an electronic module accommodated in the housing. It is known to connect the housing parts of the ID transmitter during assembly or after assembly so that the electronics assembly is encapsulated in the housing.
- the electronic assembly includes electrical circuitry and components that allow the ID transmitter to wirelessly communicate with a vehicle-side device to complete a dialog to verify authorization to access a motor vehicle.
- Numerous ID encoders also provide controls that allow the user to send a shift request to the vehicle.
- the electronic assembly has a plurality of conductor coils. Among other things, these coils serve to receive a wake-up signal emitted by the motor vehicle, whereupon the ID transmitter is set from a standby state in a communication state. In this communication state, the request authorization dialog with the motor vehicle is then processed.
- a plurality of coils with different orientations may be accommodated in the space in the electronic assembly.
- the direction of the coil is understood to mean the orientation of its winding axis. It is known, for example, to align the coils along the three main spatial axes, that is to say substantially orthogonally to one another.
- this arrangement along different spatial axes has an increased space requirement and requires a certain minimum size.
- an additional ID transmitter can be issued with reduced functionality, but the user allows access to the motor vehicle and is easy to carry because of its small size, for example, in recreational activities.
- the encapsulation of the electronic module allows the ID transmitter to be carried even under adverse environmental conditions. For example, such an ID-donor can be carried on beach visits or water sports.
- the object of the invention is to reduce the size of an ID transmitter, but without disadvantages in terms of receiving functionality in purchasing.
- the mobile ID transmitter has a housing, which is firmly closed after receiving the associated components in the ID transmitter, for example, is welded.
- the housing may be formed from a durable plastic or other material that does not or hardly hinder the propagation of radio signals through the housing.
- the housing may be formed fluid-tight, in order to offer the greatest possible benefit in the combination of small size and high resistance to environmental conditions (moisture, water, sand, etc.).
- a plurality of conductor coils are arranged according to the invention, wherein the conductor coils are part of the electronic assembly and the electronic assembly has an associated board which extends in the ID transmitter in an XY plane.
- On the board at least one conductor coil is arranged, which is oriented with its coil axis parallel to the XY plane board.
- Function blocks of the electronic module coupled together.
- a flat battery or a flat-pack battery is arranged on the board in an associated receptacle for supplying power to the electronic components of the electronic assembly.
- the extension of the battery in the plane of the board is a relevant limitation of the possible reduction.
- the battery shields the propagation of electromagnetic waves, in particular those low-frequency waves, such as those used to wake up the ID transmitter, with their metallic components or the metallic housing, namely in the region of their hiding.
- the area of expansion of the battery on the board and the back of the board must therefore be kept clear of transmitters or receivers.
- one of the coils is oriented with its coil axis as a Z coil perpendicular to the board, wherein coil windings of this Z coil extend in the XY plane and along the circumference of the board are arranged.
- the Z coil is oriented with its winding axis perpendicular to the board ,
- the Z coil is not directly on the board, for example, by surface mount techniques arranged, as may be the case with the other existing coils. It is rather arranged along a circumference of the board.
- an arrangement of the coil windings in the immediate vicinity of the boundaries of the board in the XY plane means along a circumference.
- the coil winding can thus take place, for example, along the edge of the board, but above the board.
- supports can be formed on the board, which serve as systems for the winding.
- the electronic assembly or such components, which are arranged on the board and the battery are located in the inner free area of the coil, as this rotates around the board and the populated area.
- the cross-sectional area of the coil is substantially larger than the cross-sectional area of such coils, which are arranged in the XY plane and are mounted, for example, on the circuit board.
- the inductance of a coil is proportional to the cross-sectional area and also to the square of the number of turns.
- An adaptation of the required inductance of the Z coil to the received power of the other coils can be realized on the basis of theoretical knowledge and simple test measurements.
- the coil can also be deliberately equipped with a different reception power than the coils in the XY plane.
- the Z coil is designed in its formation therefore completely different from the surface mounted coils in the X or Y direction on the board.
- the coils which are mounted on the board, space-saving individual components can be used, since no alignment in the Z-direction is required.
- the winding of the Z-coil takes no board area and therefore reduces the minimum size of the board and also the required height on the board considerably.
- the windings or windings of the Z coil extend beyond the circuit board and encircling it.
- the coil need not have any direct contact with the board.
- the board is provided with a circumferential receptacle, for example groove, around which the spool is wound. Then the board itself represents the support for the windings of the Z-coil. This method is particularly space-saving, but in production regularly consuming.
- the coil may, for example, be wound in a housing component into which the circuit board is received. At the Closing the housing then the coil is contacted by corresponding contacts on the board.
- a carrier ring which is separate from the board is formed, which receives the coil windings of the Z coil in a groove formed along the circumference of the ring.
- This ring may be formed similarly to a spoked bicycle rim with the coil windings wound in the circumferential recess (e.g., groove).
- the ring can be used separately during assembly in the housing or it can, for example, be glued to the board or clipped with locking means so that it rotates along the circumferential line.
- contacts are formed on the carrier ring which are connected to the conductor ends of the Z coil windings.
- the contacts of the carrier ring are then to be aligned to contacts on the board and can be used in assembly e.g. be brought into contact with each other by a press connection.
- a prefabricated carrier ring with coil and contacts can then be easily applied to a corresponding populated board and contacted by press connections.
- a further antenna arrangement is also provided, which is however designed for communication in a high-frequency frequency range.
- This high frequency antenna has a different orientation of the winding axis than the Z coil.
- the HF antenna can have a bent coil axis.
- the cross section of the coil is substantially smaller than the cross section of the Z coil and the RF coil is arranged with its winding axis parallel to the circuit board.
- the RF antenna runs in sections parallel and in the vicinity of a peripheral line of the board, ie in the vicinity of their limitation in the XY plane.
- the RF coil can be arranged with slight spatial offset to the windings of the Z coil.
- the high-frequency coil runs in a preferred embodiment of the invention only along a portion of the perimeter of the board, whereas the windings of the Z coil completely revolve around the board according to their number of turns. It is essential that also for the RF antenna, the boundary-near area of the board is used to minimize the size of the board.
- the coil cross section of the Z coil in the XY plane is larger than the area of the board in the XY plane.
- the coil cross-section of the Z-coil completely covers the board area and even a board-free area is formed within the coil, for example as circumferential free annulus or space which is filled by a separate carrier ring. An increased free coil cross section improves the reception performance of the coil.
- the circuit board and thus also the Z coil are rounded in the XY plane, e.g. are formed circular.
- the board and also the coil has a round cross section in the XY plane, so it is e.g. around a short cylindrical coil of a circular cylinder, wherein the Z-extension of the Z-coil, so the coil length L, small in relation to the coil diameter.
- a circular winding causes the least amount of rejects in the coil windings and is otherwise the least susceptible to errors since there are no punctual loads.
- the Z coil is additionally designed as a charging coil for a contactless charging of a coupled to the Z coil battery or a battery. Between battery and Z coil then a corresponding charging electronics is provided, which controls the charging process.
- Non-contact charging technology is one in which the energy for charging a battery or the battery without cables or connectors and without electrical contacts between a charging station and the ID transmitter is transmitted.
- a transformer coupling for transmission in the near field is used here.
- the ID transmitter is placed in a field of a charging station and the energy is transmitted inductively between the two components as an alternating electromagnetic field.
- the charging electronics on the side of the ID transmitter must be designed in such a way that the charging process is started automatically in the presence of a correspondingly strong charging field.
- a further, separate coil with the same winding diameter is formed.
- This further coil is wound on the same support as the Z coil, but separately coupled to the electronic assembly.
- the windings of the coils may overlap or one coil is wound on the other coil.
- the coils may also be side by side, e.g. axially wound slightly offset along the winding axis.
- the further coil is a coil that is part of an NFC device.
- NFC Near Field Communication
- NFC technology is operated in a significantly different frequency range (13.56 MHz) than the transmission of alarm signals (125 kHz are usual), the coils do not interfere in the development of their functions.
- offset grooves in the associated carrier may be formed to safely arrange the coils next to each other. Likewise, however, a winding on the same support section is possible.
- the number of turns may be the same, but is usually different according to the different applications.
- the Z-coil may e.g. 150-300 windings, the NFC coil requires regularly only 5-20 windings.
- the contacting of the further coil can be identical to the contacting of the Z coil, for example, offset in the interior of the winding on another section of the board done.
- the ID transmitter 1 is formed with a circular cross section in the drawing plane, the XY plane.
- the ID transmitter 1 has a circuit board 2 on which electronic components are arranged on both sides.
- the observer side facing two coils 3 and 4 are arranged on the upper side of the board. These coils 3, 4 are orthogonal to each other in the XY plane and are referred to as X and Y coils, respectively.
- Other functional components 5 are arranged on the board.
- the formed on the board 2 traces are not shown this illustration for reasons of clarity.
- a battery 8 is attached to the power supply of the entire circuit, which is fixed with a contact clip 9 and contacted.
- a support ring 10 is arranged, on which a coil winding of the Z-coil 11 is wound.
- the coil ends of the Z coil 11 are guided on the support ring 10 in the area 10A to two contact points 11a, 11b.
- the support ring 10 can be attached to the supported coil 11 on the board 2, wherein the contacts 11a, 11b are brought to underlying contact pins on the board 2 to cover and in conductive contact.
- the coil 11 is contacted with the circuit on the circuit board 2 and the coil 11 can fulfill its function as an LF receiver coil.
- the coil 11 has a winding axis, which from the plane in FIG. 1 protrudes, so along the Z axis. Together with the coils 3, 4 and 11 LF receiver coils are oriented in all spatial directions.
- Fig. 1 Shown are the coils 3 and 4 in the plane of the board 2 arranged so that they no longer overlap the cross section and the projection of the battery 8 on the board 2. In this way, the reception power of the coils 3 and 4 is not excessively adversely affected. Since the components 5 have no transmitting or receiving function, these components can be mounted on the opposite side of the board 2, but congruent with the battery 8, so that this space is available.
- the coil 11 does not have the same coil length as the coils 3 or 4, the coil cross section of the coil 11 is considerably larger than those coils. The coil 11 can develop in this way the required reception sensitivity despite reduced length.
- a high-frequency coil 15 is also arranged along a circular arc at the outer boundary of the board. Also, this coil does not overlap with the cross section of the battery and is therefore hardly limited in their reception and transmission functions.
- the coil 15 is formed as a curved high-frequency coil and mounted in contrast to the coil 11 on the circuit board 2.
- the Z coil 11 is also formed as a charging coil for the battery 8.
- the coil 11 can be contactlessly coupled to a corresponding charging coil of a charging station (not shown) in order to recharge the energy store 8.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a side view along the section line A from FIG. 1 ,
- the battery 8 and the components 5, 4, 15 are arranged on opposite sides of the board 2.
- the Z-coil 11 is wound in a recess of the support ring 10 having a receptacle similar to a bicycle rim.
- the ID transmitter points according to FIG. 2 an extremely flat design, which can be achieved in particular by the arrangement of the Z coil.
- a plastic housing 20 is pressed or welded, so that the interior of the ID transmitter is sealed tightly from environmental influences and the ID transmitter can be easily carried to any leisure activities. This compact design and size is possible because the area around the board is used as a changing room.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
- Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen mobilen ID-Geber für Schließsysteme eines Kraftfahrzeuges, insbesondere für Keyless-Zugriffssysteme an Kraftfahrzeugen.The invention relates to a mobile ID transmitter for locking systems of a motor vehicle, in particular for keyless access systems on motor vehicles.
Derartige ID-Geber sind beispielsweise aus der
Gattungsgemäße mobile ID-Geber weisen ein Gehäuse auf welches eine in dem Gehäuse aufgenommene Elektronikbaugruppe umgibt. Es ist bekannt, die Gehäuseteile des ID-Gebers bei der Montage oder nach der Montage so zu verbinden, dass die Elektronikbaugruppe in dem Gehäuse verkapselt aufgenommen ist.Generic mobile ID encoders have a housing which surrounds an electronic module accommodated in the housing. It is known to connect the housing parts of the ID transmitter during assembly or after assembly so that the electronics assembly is encapsulated in the housing.
Die Elektronikbaugruppe enthält elektrische Schaltungen und Komponenten, welche dem ID-Geber eine drahtlose Kommunikation mit einer kraftfahrzeugseitigen Einrichtung erlauben, um einen Dialog zur Überprüfung der Berechtigung zum Zugriff auf ein Kraftfahrzeug abzuwickeln. Bei zahlreichen ID-Gebern sind außerdem Bedienelemente vorgesehen, welche es dem Benutzer ermöglichen, eine Schaltanforderung an das Fahrzeug zu senden. Zum Zwecke der Kommunikation, insbesondere dem Empfang von elektromagnetischen Signalen, weist die Elektronikbaugruppe eine Mehrzahl von Leiterspulen auf. Diese Spulen dienen unter anderem dazu, ein vom Kraftfahrzeug ausgesandtes Wecksignal zu empfangen, woraufhin der ID-Geber aus einem Bereitschaftszustand in einem Kommunikationszustand versetzt wird. In diesem Kommunikationszustand wird dann der Anfrage-Berechtigungsdialog mit dem Kraftfahrzeug abgewickelt.The electronic assembly includes electrical circuitry and components that allow the ID transmitter to wirelessly communicate with a vehicle-side device to complete a dialog to verify authorization to access a motor vehicle. Numerous ID encoders also provide controls that allow the user to send a shift request to the vehicle. For the purpose of communication, in particular the reception of electromagnetic signals, the electronic assembly has a plurality of conductor coils. Among other things, these coils serve to receive a wake-up signal emitted by the motor vehicle, whereupon the ID transmitter is set from a standby state in a communication state. In this communication state, the request authorization dialog with the motor vehicle is then processed.
Um einen Empfang der fahrzeugseitig abgestrahlten Signale unabhängig von der Raumlage des ID-Gebers zu ermöglichen, können mehrere Spulen mit unterschiedlichen Orientierungen im Raum in der Elektronikbaugruppe aufgenommen sein. Unter Richtung der Spule wird hierbei die Orientierung ihrer Wickelachse verstanden. Bekannt ist es zum Beispiel, die Spulen entlang der drei Hauptraumachsen, also im Wesentlichen orthogonal zueinander auszurichten.In order to enable a reception of the signals emitted by the vehicle, regardless of the spatial position of the ID transmitter, a plurality of coils with different orientations may be accommodated in the space in the electronic assembly. The direction of the coil is understood to mean the orientation of its winding axis. It is known, for example, to align the coils along the three main spatial axes, that is to say substantially orthogonally to one another.
Diese Anordnung entlang verschiedener Raumachsen hat allerdings einen erhöhten Raumbedarf und bedingt eine gewisse Mindestbaugröße. Es ist jedoch erwünscht, für Kraftfahrzeuge alternative oder zusätzliche ID-Geber mit reduzierter Baugröße vorzusehen, die von einem Benutzer mitgeführt werden können, auch wenn nur ein geringes Platzangebot für den ID-Geber besteht. Beispielsweise kann zu Kraftfahrzeugen ein zusätzlicher ID-Geber mit reduzierter Funktionalität ausgegeben werden, der dem Benutzer jedoch den Zugang zum Kraftfahrzeug erlaubt und aufgrund seiner geringen Baugröße zum Beispiel bei Freizeitaktivitäten einfach mitzuführen ist. Die Verkapselung der Elektronikbaugruppe erlaubt die Mitnahme des ID-Gebers auch unter widrigen Umweltbedingungen. Beispielsweise kann ein solcher ID-Geber bei Strandbesuchen oder Ausübung von Wassersport mitgeführt werden.However, this arrangement along different spatial axes has an increased space requirement and requires a certain minimum size. However, it is desirable to provide for motor vehicles alternative or additional ID encoders of reduced size that can be carried by a user, even if there is limited space available for the ID transmitter. For example, to motor vehicles, an additional ID transmitter can be issued with reduced functionality, but the user allows access to the motor vehicle and is easy to carry because of its small size, for example, in recreational activities. The encapsulation of the electronic module allows the ID transmitter to be carried even under adverse environmental conditions. For example, such an ID-donor can be carried on beach visits or water sports.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Baugröße eines ID-Gebers zu reduzieren, ohne jedoch Nachteile bezüglich der Empfangsfunktionalität in Kauf zu nehmen.The object of the invention is to reduce the size of an ID transmitter, but without disadvantages in terms of receiving functionality in purchasing.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch einen mobilen ID-Geber mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1.This object is achieved by a mobile ID transmitter having the features of
Erfindungsgemäß weist der mobile ID-Geber ein Gehäuse auf, welches nach Aufnahme der zugehörigen Komponenten im ID-Geber fest verschlossen wird, beispielsweise verschweißt wird. Das Gehäuse kann aus einem widerstandsfähigen Kunststoff oder einem sonstigen Material gebildet sein, welcher die Ausbreitung von Funksignalen durch das Gehäuse nicht oder kaum behindert. Das Gehäuse kann fluiddicht ausgebildet sein, um bei der Kombination von geringer Baugröße und hoher Belastbarkeit gegenüber Umweltbedingungen (Feuchte, Wasser, Sand etc.) einen größtmöglichen Nutzen zu bieten.According to the invention, the mobile ID transmitter has a housing, which is firmly closed after receiving the associated components in the ID transmitter, for example, is welded. The housing may be formed from a durable plastic or other material that does not or hardly hinder the propagation of radio signals through the housing. The housing may be formed fluid-tight, in order to offer the greatest possible benefit in the combination of small size and high resistance to environmental conditions (moisture, water, sand, etc.).
In dem Gehäuse sind erfindungsgemäß mehrere Leiterspulen angeordnet, wobei die Leiterspulen Teil der Elektronikbaugruppe sind und die Elektronikbaugruppe eine zugehörige Platine aufweist, die sich in dem ID-Geber in einer XY-Ebene erstreckt. Auf der Platine ist wenigstens eine Leiterspule angeordnet, welche mit ihrer Spulenachse parallel zu der XY-Ebene-Platine orientiert ist. Zusätzlich sind auf der Platine weitere Funktionsbausteine der Elektronikbaugruppe miteinander gekoppelt.In the housing, a plurality of conductor coils are arranged according to the invention, wherein the conductor coils are part of the electronic assembly and the electronic assembly has an associated board which extends in the ID transmitter in an XY plane. On the board at least one conductor coil is arranged, which is oriented with its coil axis parallel to the XY plane board. In addition, there are more on the board Function blocks of the electronic module coupled together.
Des Weiteren ist auf der Platine eine Flachbatterie oder ein Akku flacher Bauform in einer zugehörigen Aufnahme zur Stromversorgung der Elektronikkomponenten der Elektronikbaugruppe angeordnet.Furthermore, a flat battery or a flat-pack battery is arranged on the board in an associated receptacle for supplying power to the electronic components of the electronic assembly.
Bei Verminderung der Baugröße des ID-Gebers ist die Erstreckung der Batterie in der Ebene der Platine eine relevante Limitierung der möglichen Verkleinerung. Die Batterie schirmt mit ihren metallischen Komponenten bzw. dem metallischen Gehäuse, nämlich in dem Bereich ihrer Ersteckung die Ausbreitung von elektromagnetischen Wellen ab, insbesondere solcher niederfrequenter Wellen, wie sie zum Aufwecken des ID-Gebers verwendet werden. Der Bereich der Ausdehnung der Batterie auf der Platine und der Platinen-Rückseite ist daher von Sendern oder Empfängern freizuhalten.When reducing the size of the ID transmitter, the extension of the battery in the plane of the board is a relevant limitation of the possible reduction. The battery shields the propagation of electromagnetic waves, in particular those low-frequency waves, such as those used to wake up the ID transmitter, with their metallic components or the metallic housing, namely in the region of their hiding. The area of expansion of the battery on the board and the back of the board must therefore be kept clear of transmitters or receivers.
Um dennoch die volle Funktionalität des ID-Gebers bei beliebiger Raumlage sicherzustellen, ist erfindungsgemäß eine der Spulen mit ihrer Spulenachse als Z-Spule senkrecht zu der Platine orientiert, wobei Spulenwicklungen dieser Z-Spule in der XY-Ebene verlaufen und entlang des Umfangs der Platine angeordnet sind.In order nevertheless to ensure the full functionality of the ID transmitter in any spatial position, according to the invention one of the coils is oriented with its coil axis as a Z coil perpendicular to the board, wherein coil windings of this Z coil extend in the XY plane and along the circumference of the board are arranged.
Im Gegensatz zu den weiteren Spulen, von denen wenigstens eine vorhanden ist und die in deren Spulenachse in der XY-Ebene verlaufen, z.B. entlang der X- und Y-Achse orientiert sind, ist die Z-Spule mit ihrer Wickelachse senkrecht zu der Platine orientiert. Die Z-Spule ist dabei nicht unmittelbar auf der Platine, zum Beispiel durch oberflächenmontierte Techniken angeordnet, wie das bei den anderen vorhandenen Spulen der Fall sein kann. Sie ist vielmehr entlang eines Umfangs der Platine angeordnet. Dabei bedeutet entlang eines Umfangs eine Anordnung der Spulenwicklungen in unmittelbarer Nähe zu den Begrenzungen der Platine in der XY-Ebene. Die Spulenwicklung kann also beispielsweise entlang des Randes der Platine, aber oberhalb der Platine erfolgen. Dazu können Stützen auf der Platine ausgebildet sein, die als Anlagen für die Wicklung dienen.In contrast to the other coils, at least one of which is present and which extend in the coil axis in the XY plane, for example along the X and Y axis are oriented, the Z coil is oriented with its winding axis perpendicular to the board , The Z coil is not directly on the board, for example, by surface mount techniques arranged, as may be the case with the other existing coils. It is rather arranged along a circumference of the board. In this case, an arrangement of the coil windings in the immediate vicinity of the boundaries of the board in the XY plane means along a circumference. The coil winding can thus take place, for example, along the edge of the board, but above the board. For this purpose, supports can be formed on the board, which serve as systems for the winding.
Die Elektronikbaugruppe bzw. solche Komponenten, welche auf der Platine angeordnet sind und auch die Batterie befinden sich im inneren freien Bereich der Spule, da diese um die Platine und den bestückten Bereich umläuft. Es ergibt sich dabei, dass die Querschnittsfläche der Spule wesentlich größer ist als die Querschnittsfläche solcher Spulen, welche in der XY-Ebene anordnet sind und zum Beispiel auf der Platine montiert sind. In Annäherung ist die Induktivität einer Spule proportional zu der Querschnittsfläche und außerdem zum Quadrat der Windungszahl. Eine Anpassung der erforderlichen Induktivität der Z-Spule an die Empfangsleistung der übrigen Spulen ist auf Basis der theoretischen Kenntnisse und einfacher Testmessungen zu realisieren. Andererseits kann die Spule auch bewusst mit einer anderen Empfangsleistung ausgestattet werden als die Spulen in der XY-Ebene.The electronic assembly or such components, which are arranged on the board and the battery are located in the inner free area of the coil, as this rotates around the board and the populated area. It turns out that the cross-sectional area of the coil is substantially larger than the cross-sectional area of such coils, which are arranged in the XY plane and are mounted, for example, on the circuit board. By approximation, the inductance of a coil is proportional to the cross-sectional area and also to the square of the number of turns. An adaptation of the required inductance of the Z coil to the received power of the other coils can be realized on the basis of theoretical knowledge and simple test measurements. On the other hand, the coil can also be deliberately equipped with a different reception power than the coils in the XY plane.
Die Z-Spule ist in ihrer Ausbildung demnach gänzlich unterschiedlich zu den oberflächenmontierten Spulen in der X- oder Y-Richtung auf der Platine gestaltet. Für die Spulen, welche auf der Platine montiert werden, können platzsparende Einzelbauteile verwendet werden, da keine Ausrichtung in der Z-Richtung erforderlich ist. Andererseits nimmt die Wicklung der Z-Spule keinen Platinenbereich ein und reduziert daher die minimale Baugröße der Platine und außerdem die erforderliche Bauhöhe auf der Platine erheblich.The Z coil is designed in its formation therefore completely different from the surface mounted coils in the X or Y direction on the board. For the coils, which are mounted on the board, space-saving individual components can be used, since no alignment in the Z-direction is required. On the other hand, the winding of the Z-coil takes no board area and therefore reduces the minimum size of the board and also the required height on the board considerably.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung erstrecken sich die Windungen bzw. Wicklungen der Z-Spule über die Platine hinaus und um diese umlaufend.In a further development of the invention, the windings or windings of the Z coil extend beyond the circuit board and encircling it.
In dieser Gestaltung der Erfindung braucht die Spule gar keinen unmittelbaren Kontakt mehr mit der Platine zu haben. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, dass die Platine mit einer umlaufenden Aufnahme, zum Beispiel Nut versehen ist, um welche die Spule gewickelt wird. Dann stellt die Platine selbst den Träger für die Wicklungen der Z-Spule dar. Diese Methode ist besonders platzsparend, jedoch in der Fertigung regelmäßig aufwendig. Alternativ kann die Spule zum Beispiel in einem Gehäusebauteil gewickelt sein, in welches die Platine aufgenommen wird. Beim Verschließen des Gehäuses wird dann die Spule durch entsprechende Kontakte auf der Platine kontaktiert.In this design of the invention, the coil need not have any direct contact with the board. However, it is also possible that the board is provided with a circumferential receptacle, for example groove, around which the spool is wound. Then the board itself represents the support for the windings of the Z-coil. This method is particularly space-saving, but in production regularly consuming. Alternatively, the coil may, for example, be wound in a housing component into which the circuit board is received. At the Closing the housing then the coil is contacted by corresponding contacts on the board.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist ein von der Platine separater Trägerring ausgebildet, welcher die Spulenwicklungen der Z-Spule in einer entlang des Ringumfangs gebildeten Nut aufnimmt. Dieser Ring kann ähnlich einer speichenlosen Fahrradfelge ausgebildet sein, wobei in die umlaufende Aufnahme (z.B. Nut) die Spulenwicklungen gewickelt sind. Der Ring kann bei der Montage separat in das Gehäuse eingesetzt werden oder er kann zum Beispiel auf die Platine aufgeklebt oder mit Rastmitteln aufgeklippt werden, so dass er entlang deren Umfangslinie umläuft.In a development of the invention, a carrier ring which is separate from the board is formed, which receives the coil windings of the Z coil in a groove formed along the circumference of the ring. This ring may be formed similarly to a spoked bicycle rim with the coil windings wound in the circumferential recess (e.g., groove). The ring can be used separately during assembly in the housing or it can, for example, be glued to the board or clipped with locking means so that it rotates along the circumferential line.
In einer bevorzugten Gestaltung der Erfindung sind an dem Trägerring Kontakte ausgebildet, welche mit den Leiterenden der Z-Spulenwicklungen verbunden sind. Die Kontakte des Trägerringes sind dann zu Kontakten auf der Platine auszurichten und können bei der Montage z.B. durch eine Pressverbindung in leitenden Kontakt miteinander zu bringen sein.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, contacts are formed on the carrier ring which are connected to the conductor ends of the Z coil windings. The contacts of the carrier ring are then to be aligned to contacts on the board and can be used in assembly e.g. be brought into contact with each other by a press connection.
Ein vorgefertigter Trägerring mit Spule und Kontakten kann dann leicht auf eine entsprechende bestückte Platine aufgebracht und durch Pressverbindungen kontaktiert werden.A prefabricated carrier ring with coil and contacts can then be easily applied to a corresponding populated board and contacted by press connections.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist außerdem eine weitere Antennenanordnung vorgesehen, die jedoch für eine Kommunikation in einem hochfrequenten Frequenzbereich ausgebildet ist. Diese Hochfrequenzantenne weist eine andere Ausrichtung der Wickelachse auf als die Z-Spule. Die HF-Antenne kann je nach Ausbildung der Platinenform und deren Umfangslinie eine gebogene Spulenachse aufweisen. Der Querschnitt der Spule ist wesentlich kleiner als der Querschnitt der Z-Spule und die HF-Spule ist mit ihrer Wickelachse parallel zu der Platine angeordnet. Mit Längserstreckung verläuft die HF-Antenne abschnittsweise parallel und in der Nähe einer Umfangslinie der Platine, also in Nähe zu deren Begrenzung in der XY-Ebene.In one embodiment of the invention, a further antenna arrangement is also provided, which is however designed for communication in a high-frequency frequency range. This high frequency antenna has a different orientation of the winding axis than the Z coil. Depending on the design of the circuit board shape and its circumferential line, the HF antenna can have a bent coil axis. The cross section of the coil is substantially smaller than the cross section of the Z coil and the RF coil is arranged with its winding axis parallel to the circuit board. With longitudinal extension, the RF antenna runs in sections parallel and in the vicinity of a peripheral line of the board, ie in the vicinity of their limitation in the XY plane.
Die HF-Spule kann mit geringem räumlichem Versatz zu den Wicklungen der Z-Spule angeordnet sein. Die Hochfrequenzspule verläuft in einer bevorzugten Gestaltung der Erfindung nur entlang eines Abschnitts der Umfangslinie der Platine, wohingegen die Wicklungen der Z-Spule vollständig um die Platine entsprechend ihrer Windungszahl umlaufen. Wesentlich ist, dass auch für die HF-Antenne der Begrenzungsnahe Bereich der Platine genutzt wird, um die Baugröße der Platine zu minimieren.The RF coil can be arranged with slight spatial offset to the windings of the Z coil. The high-frequency coil runs in a preferred embodiment of the invention only along a portion of the perimeter of the board, whereas the windings of the Z coil completely revolve around the board according to their number of turns. It is essential that also for the RF antenna, the boundary-near area of the board is used to minimize the size of the board.
Vorzugsweise ist der Spulenquerschnitt der Z-Spule in der XY-Ebene größer als die Fläche der Platine in der XY-Ebene. Bei der bevorzugten Gestaltung umfasst der Spulenquerschnitt der Z-Spule den Platinenbereich vollständig und es ist sogar ein platinenfreier Bereich innerhalb der Spule ausgebildet, zum Beispiel als umlaufender freier Ringraum oder Raum, welcher durch einen separaten Trägerring gefüllt wird. Ein vergrößerter freier Spulenquerschnitt verbessert die Empfangsleistung der Spule.Preferably, the coil cross section of the Z coil in the XY plane is larger than the area of the board in the XY plane. In the preferred embodiment, the coil cross-section of the Z-coil completely covers the board area and even a board-free area is formed within the coil, for example as circumferential free annulus or space which is filled by a separate carrier ring. An increased free coil cross section improves the reception performance of the coil.
Für die Montage und die mechanische Belastung der einzelnen Bauteile ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn Platine und damit auch die Z-Spule in der XY-Ebene gerundet, z.B. kreisrund ausgebildet sind. Bei dieser Gestaltung weist die Platine und auch die Spule einen runden Querschnitt in der XY-Ebene auf, es handelt sich also z.B. um eine kurze Zylinderspule eines Kreiszylinders, wobei die Z-Erstreckung der Z-Spule, also die Spulenlänge L, klein im Verhältnis zum Spulendurchmesser ist. Eine kreisrunde Wicklung verursacht den geringsten Ausschuss bei den Spulenwicklungen und ist ansonsten auch am wenigsten fehleranfällig, da keine punktuellen Belastungen auftreten.For mounting and mechanical loading of the individual components, it is particularly advantageous if the circuit board and thus also the Z coil are rounded in the XY plane, e.g. are formed circular. In this design, the board and also the coil has a round cross section in the XY plane, so it is e.g. around a short cylindrical coil of a circular cylinder, wherein the Z-extension of the Z-coil, so the coil length L, small in relation to the coil diameter. A circular winding causes the least amount of rejects in the coil windings and is otherwise the least susceptible to errors since there are no punctual loads.
Es ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Z-Spule zusätzlich als Ladespule für eine kontaktfreie Aufladung einer mit der Z-Spule gekoppelten Batterie oder eines Akku ausgebildet ist. Zwischen Batterie und Z-Spule ist dann eine entsprechende Ladelektronik vorgesehen, welche den Ladevorgang steuert.It is particularly advantageous if the Z coil is additionally designed as a charging coil for a contactless charging of a coupled to the Z coil battery or a battery. Between battery and Z coil then a corresponding charging electronics is provided, which controls the charging process.
Da das Gehäuse verkapselt ist, kann nach Ablauf der Lebensdauer einer Batterie der ID-Geber nur ausgetauscht werden, da ein Austausch unter Öffnung des Gehäuses zu aufwendig wäre. Kontaktlose Ladetechnik kann jedoch eine Aufladung der Batterie ermöglichen. Dabei ist unter kontaktloser Ladetechnik eine solche zu verstehen, bei der die Energie zum Laden eines Akkus oder der Batterie ohne Kabel oder Steckverbindungen und ohne elektrische Kontakte zwischen einer Ladestation und dem ID-Geber übertragen wird. Bei der Ausgestaltung der Z-Spule kommt hier eine transformatorische Kopplung zur Übertragung im Nahfeld zur Anwendung. Der ID-Geber wird in ein Feld einer Ladestation gelegt und die Energie wird zwischen den beiden Komponenten induktiv als elektromagnetisches Wechselfeld übertragen. Die Ladeelektronik auf Seiten des ID-Gebers ist so auszubilden, dass der Ladevorgang automatisch bei Vorhandensein eines entsprechend starken Ladefeldes in Gang gesetzt wird. Alternativ kann auch ein Ladesignal übertragen werden, welches vom ID-Geber empfangen wird und diesen in einen ladefähigen Zustand versetzt.Since the housing is encapsulated, after expiration of the life of a battery, the ID transmitter can only be replaced, since a replacement under opening the housing would be too expensive. Non-contact charging technology, however, may allow charging of the battery. Contactless charging technology is one in which the energy for charging a battery or the battery without cables or connectors and without electrical contacts between a charging station and the ID transmitter is transmitted. In the embodiment of the Z coil, a transformer coupling for transmission in the near field is used here. The ID transmitter is placed in a field of a charging station and the energy is transmitted inductively between the two components as an alternating electromagnetic field. The charging electronics on the side of the ID transmitter must be designed in such a way that the charging process is started automatically in the presence of a correspondingly strong charging field. Alternatively, it is also possible to transmit a charging signal which is received by the ID transmitter and places it in a loadable state.
In einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung, ist zusätzlich zu der Wicklung der Z-Spule eine weitere, separate Spule mit demselben Wickeldurchmesser ausgebildet. Diese weitere Spule ist auf demselben Träger wie die Z-Spule gewickelt, jedoch separat mit der elektronischen Baugruppe gekoppelt. Die Wicklungen der Spulen können sich überlagern oder eine Spule ist auf der anderen Spule gewickelt. Die Spulen können auch nebeneinander, z.B. axial entlang der Wickelachse leicht versetzt gewickelt sein.In a development of the invention, in addition to the winding of the Z coil, a further, separate coil with the same winding diameter is formed. This further coil is wound on the same support as the Z coil, but separately coupled to the electronic assembly. The windings of the coils may overlap or one coil is wound on the other coil. The coils may also be side by side, e.g. axially wound slightly offset along the winding axis.
Vorzugsweise ist die weitere Spule eine Spule, die Teil einer NFC-Einrichtung ist. Die Near Field Communication, NFC, ist ein Übertragungsstandard zum kontaktlosen Austausch von Daten über kurze Strecken. Da die NFC Technik in einem deutlich unterschiedlichen Frequenzbereich (13,56 MHz) betrieben wird als die Übermittlung von Wecksignalen (üblich sind 125 kHz), stören sich die Spulen in der Entfaltung ihrer Funktionen nicht.Preferably, the further coil is a coil that is part of an NFC device. Near Field Communication, NFC, is a transmission standard for the contactless exchange of data over short distances. Since the NFC technology is operated in a significantly different frequency range (13.56 MHz) than the transmission of alarm signals (125 kHz are usual), the coils do not interfere in the development of their functions.
Als Aufnahme für die Spulen können im zugehörigen Träger versetzte Nuten ausgebildet sein, um die Spulen sicher nebeneinander anzuordnen. Ebenso ist jedoch eine Wicklung auf demselben Trägerabschnitt möglich.As a receptacle for the coils offset grooves in the associated carrier may be formed to safely arrange the coils next to each other. Likewise, however, a winding on the same support section is possible.
Die Wicklungszahl kann gleich sein, ist jedoch gemäß den unterschiedlichen Anwendungsbereich meist verschieden. Die Z-Spule kann z.B. 150-300 Wicklungen aufweisen, die NFC-Spule benötigt regelmäßig nur 5-20 Wicklungen.The number of turns may be the same, but is usually different according to the different applications. The Z-coil may e.g. 150-300 windings, the NFC coil requires regularly only 5-20 windings.
Die Kontaktierung der weiteren Spule kann identisch zu der Kontaktierung der Z-Spule, bspw. versetzt im Innern der Wicklung auf einem anderen Abschnitt der Platine erfolgen.The contacting of the further coil can be identical to the contacting of the Z coil, for example, offset in the interior of the winding on another section of the board done.
Auf diese Weise entsteht bei ID-Gebern, welche die NFC-Technik implementieren, auf der Platine wieder freier Bauraum, der z.B. für eine HF-Kommunikationseinheit nutzbar ist.In this way, in the case of ID encoders which implement the NFC technology, there is again free space on the board, which, e.g. is usable for an RF communication unit.
Die Erfindung wird nun anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert.
-
zeigt eine schematische Draufsicht auf den inneren Aufbau eines erfindungsgemäßen ID-Gebers.Figur 1 -
zeigt eine schematische, geschnittene Seitenansicht des ID-Figur 2Gebers aus Figur 1 .
-
FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of the internal structure of an ID transmitter according to the invention. -
FIG. 2 shows a schematic, sectional side view of the ID transmitterFIG. 1 ,
Gemäß dem in den Figuren gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der ID-Geber 1 mit einem kreisrunden Querschnitt in der Zeicheneben, der XY-Ebene ausgebildet. Der ID-Geber 1 weist eine Platine 2 auf, auf welcher beidseitig elektronische Komponenten angeordnet sind. Auf einer in der
Auf der Unterseite der Platine, in
Entlang des äußeren Umfangs der Platine 2 ist ein Stützring 10 angeordnet, auf welchem eine Spulenwicklung der Z-Spule 11 aufgewickelt ist. Die Spulenenden der Z-Spule 11 sind an dem Stützring 10 in dem Bereich 10A zu zwei Kontaktstellen 11a, 11b geführt. Der Stützring 10 ist mit der getragenen Spule 11 auf die Platine 2 aufsteckbar, wobei die Kontakte 11a, 11b mit darunter liegenden Kontaktstiften auf der Platine 2 zur Deckung und in leitendem Kontakt gebracht werden. So ist die Spule 11 mit der Schaltung auf der Platine 2 kontaktiert und die Spule 11 kann als LF-Empfangsspule ihre Funktion erfüllen.Along the outer circumference of the
Die Spule 11 weist eine Wickelachse auf, welche aus der Zeichenebene in
Wie in
Zwar weist die Spule 11 nicht dieselbe Spulenlänge auf wie die Spulen 3 oder 4, der Spulenquerschnitt der Spule 11 ist jedoch erheblich größer als bei jenen Spulen. Die Spule 11 kann auf diese Weise die erforderliche Empfangssensitivität trotz reduzierter Länge entfalten.Although the
Neben der Spule 11, welche insbesondere zum Empfang des Wecksignals von Seiten eines Kraftfahrzeuges ausgebildet ist, ist außerdem eine Hochfrequenzspule 15 entlang eines Kreisbogens an der äußeren Begrenzung der Platine angeordnet. Auch diese Spule überlappt nicht mit dem Querschnitt der Batterie und ist daher in ihrem Empfangs- und Sendefunktionen kaum eingeschränkt. Die Spule 15 ist als gebogene Hochfrequenzspule ausgebildet und im Gegensatz zu der Spule 11 auf der Platine 2 montiert.In addition to the
Erfindungsgemäß ist bei dieser Ausführungsform die Z-Spule 11 außerdem als Ladespule für die Batterie 8 ausgebildet. Die Spule 11 kann kontaktlos mit einer entsprechenden Ladespule einer Ladestation (nicht gezeigt) gekoppelt werden, um den Energiespeicher 8 wieder aufzuladen.According to the invention, in this embodiment, the
Es ist erkennbar, dass die Batterie 8 und die Komponenten 5, 4, 15 auf einander abgewandten Seiten der Platine 2 angeordnet sind. Die Z-Spule 11 ist in einer Ausnehmung des Stützringes 10 gewickelt, der eine Aufnahme ähnlich einer Fahrradfelge aufweist.It can be seen that the
Der ID-Geber weist gemäß
Um den ID-Geber herum wird ein Kunststoffgehäuse 20 verpresst oder verschweißt, so dass das Innere des ID-Gebers dicht von Umwelteinflüssen verschlossen ist und der ID-Geber problemlos zu beliebigen Freizeitaktivitäten mitgeführt werden kann. Diese kompakten Gestaltung und Baugröße wird möglich, da der Bereich um die Platine als Wickelraum nutzbar gemacht wird.Around the ID transmitter, a
Claims (10)
mit einem Gehäuse,
einer in dem Gehäuse verkapselten Elektronikbaugruppe, wobei die Elektronikbaugruppe eine Mehrzahl von Leiterspulen zum Empfang von elektromagnetischen Wellen aufweist, wobei die Spulen mit ihren Spulenachsen in unterschiedliche Raumrichtungen orientiert sind,
wobei die Elektronikbaugruppe eine Platine aufweist, die sich in einer XY-Ebene erstreckt, auf welcher wenigstens eine der Leiterspulen angeordnet ist,
wobei die Elektronikbaugruppe eine Flachbatterie aufweist, welche zur Spannungsversorgung in einer Aufnahme auf der Platine angeordnet ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass eine der Spulen mit Ihrer Spulenachse als Z-Spule senkrecht zu der Platine orientiert ist, wobei Spulenwicklungen dieser Z-Spule in XY-Ebene und entlang eines Umfangs der Platine angeordnet sind.Mobile ID transmitter for a keyless access system of a motor vehicle,
with a housing,
an electronics assembly encapsulated in the housing, the electronics assembly having a plurality of conductor coils for receiving electromagnetic waves, the coils being oriented with their coil axes in different spatial directions,
the electronic assembly comprising a board extending in an XY plane on which at least one of the conductor coils is disposed,
wherein the electronic assembly has a flat battery, which is arranged to supply power in a receptacle on the board,
characterized,
that one of the coils is oriented with its coil axis as a Z-coil perpendicular to the circuit board, wherein the coil windings of this Z-coil are arranged in XY plane and along a circumference of the board.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine weitere Spulenwicklung vorgesehen ist, welche zur HF-Kommunikation ausgebildet ist und welche entlang eines Umfangsabschnitts der Platine im inneren Umfang der Spulenwicklungen der Z-Spule ausgebildet ist.ID transmitter according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that a further coil winding is provided, which is designed for RF communication and which is formed along a peripheral portion of the board in the inner circumference of the coil windings of the Z coil.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Spulenquerschnitt der Z-Spule in der XY-Ebene größer ist als die Fläche der Platine in der XY-Ebene.ID transmitter according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the coil cross section of the Z coil in the XY plane is greater than the area of the board in the XY plane.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Platine und die Z-Spule in der XY-Ebene kreisrund ausgebildet sind.ID transmitter according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the board and the Z coil are circular in the XY plane.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Z-Spule zusätzlich als Ladespule für eine kontaktfreie Aufladung der mit der Z-Spule gekoppelten Batterie ausgebildet ist, wobei zwischen Batterie und Z-Spule eine Ladeelektronik vorgesehen ist.ID transmitter according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the Z-coil is additionally designed as a charging coil for a contact-free charging of the coupled to the Z-coil battery, wherein between the battery and Z-coil charging electronics is provided.
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zusammen mit der Spulenwicklung der Z-Spule eine separate, weitere Spulenwicklung gewickelt ist, welche mit der Elektronikbaugruppe gekoppelt ist.ID transmitter according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that, together with the coil winding of the Z coil, a separate, further coil winding is wound, which is coupled to the electronic assembly.
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DE102011000141 | 2011-01-14 |
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EP3474238A1 (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2019-04-24 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Key unit |
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JP2009002742A (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2009-01-08 | Tokai Rika Co Ltd | Watch with electronic key function |
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DE102007020432A1 (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2008-10-30 | Huf Hülsbeck & Fürst Gmbh & Co. Kg | Motor vehicle key contains a coil, for inductive coupling to a power supply, with illumination and a variety of functions |
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EP2466554A3 (en) | 2013-11-27 |
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