EP2466196B1 - Eclairage - Google Patents

Eclairage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2466196B1
EP2466196B1 EP11193774.4A EP11193774A EP2466196B1 EP 2466196 B1 EP2466196 B1 EP 2466196B1 EP 11193774 A EP11193774 A EP 11193774A EP 2466196 B1 EP2466196 B1 EP 2466196B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
angle
light source
secondary reflector
lamp according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11193774.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2466196A3 (fr
EP2466196A2 (fr
Inventor
Heinrich Dudel
Horst Rudolph
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Trilux GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Trilux GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Trilux GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Trilux GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP2466196A2 publication Critical patent/EP2466196A2/fr
Publication of EP2466196A3 publication Critical patent/EP2466196A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2466196B1 publication Critical patent/EP2466196B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
    • F21S8/08—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
    • F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
    • F21V13/10—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being reflectors and screens
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/0008—Reflectors for light sources providing for indirect lighting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/04—Optical design
    • F21V7/09—Optical design with a combination of different curvatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/10—Construction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lamp, in particular an outdoor lamp, with at least one light source, a primary reflector and a secondary reflector, wherein at least a portion of the light of the light source via the primary reflector to the secondary reflector and from there into a region to be illuminated is reflected.
  • Such a luminaire is known, for example, under the product designation "secondary reflector luminaire, series 988" of the applicant as outdoor luminaire with a light source, a primary reflector and a faceted secondary reflector arranged above the light source.
  • secondary reflector luminaire, series 988 of the applicant as outdoor luminaire with a light source, a primary reflector and a faceted secondary reflector arranged above the light source.
  • at least part of the light from the light source is reflected via the primary reflector to the secondary reflector and from there downwards into an area to be illuminated.
  • the radiation characteristic of such a luminaire allows a uniform illumination only in a relatively small resulting area.
  • a uniform illumination of a wide range in at least one orientation is desired.
  • the use of the lamp for street lighting is mentioned here.
  • the uniform illumination of a wide area in one orientation namely the direction of the road, is desired.
  • a uniform illumination of a wide area with respect to this alignment by the lights allows a large selectable distance between the lights, so a large mast spacing of these lights.
  • the document DE 888 533 C discloses a street lamp for fluorescent lamps with a serving as a reflector upper part, which has two reflector surfaces, the saddle roof shape form a common edge and are angled at an obtuse angle to each other. Below the reflector serving as the upper part further reflectors are arranged, wherein at least one fluorescent lamp between the upper part and a reflector arranged underneath is arranged
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a lamp available, which allows a uniform illumination of a wide range in at least one orientation.
  • the secondary reflector is formed by a saddle-roof-shaped arrangement of two reflector surfaces with a common edge, wherein the reflector surfaces face each other ⁇ to form an obtuse angle. Due to the inclination between the two reflector surfaces along a common orientation, the light reflected from the primary reflector onto the secondary reflector is reflected in two subregions more or less overlapping or adjoining one another in this orientation, which together produce a broadly illuminated region. Due to the mutually facing arrangement of the reflector surfaces to form an obtuse angle ⁇ , ie an angle of 90 ° ⁇ ⁇ 180 °, multiple reflections are suppressed at the secondary reflector or their effects on the uniform illumination at least reduced. Furthermore, by facing each other Arrangement of the reflector surfaces to form an obtuse angle ⁇ measures to avoid a glare in the reflector allows.
  • the arrangement of the reflector surfaces is preferably formed by an integrally formed part of the secondary reflector.
  • the secondary reflector is arranged above the light source.
  • the secondary reflector is thus a secondary reflector for reflecting in a substantially downwardly directed area.
  • the part of the light reflected by the primary reflector is reflected substantially perpendicularly upwards to the secondary reflector and then from there downwards into the area to be illuminated.
  • Such a lamp is particularly well suited as an outdoor lamp for lighting squares, sidewalks, streets, platforms or the like.
  • the primary reflector has an axis of symmetry and is rotationally symmetrical to this.
  • This symmetry axis of the primary reflector intersects a central region of the saddle-roof-shaped arrangement, in particular the common edge of the reflector surfaces. The point of intersection lies in the middle third of the edge, preferably in the middle of the edge itself.
  • the edge of the saddle-roof-shaped arrangement with a plane perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the primary reflector forms a tilting angle ⁇ formed as an acute angle.
  • the tilt angle ⁇ is preferably a tilt angle ⁇ in the range 6 ° ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 15 °. In the case of a luminaire for illuminating a road, this is in particular a tilting angle ⁇ of 11 °.
  • the reflector surfaces of the secondary reflector are arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to a plane of symmetry, in which the axis of symmetry of the primary reflector is located. It follows - assuming a symmetrical arrangement of light source, primary and secondary reflector - one corresponding symmetrical illumination.
  • each of the reflector surfaces has a plurality of mutually inclined inclined planar sections, which adjoin one another while forming aligned parallel to the common edge of the reflector surfaces further edges.
  • the desired uniform Illumination of the region which is wide in at least one direction can be achieved by dividing the reflector surfaces into a plurality of planar subsections. These subsections differ in their "angles of attack" with respect to the axis of symmetry at least from their direct neighboring sections.
  • the sections can be different widths.
  • the light source is a semiconductor light source.
  • This semiconductor light source is furthermore preferably designed as a planar arrangement of light-emitting diodes (light-emitting diodes or LEDs: light-emitting diodes).
  • LEDs light-emitting diodes
  • Semiconductor light sources have significantly higher efficiency and longer life than conventional light sources, such as gas discharge lamps. Due to the longer service life, the corresponding luminaires are still not as maintenance-intensive as conventional light sources.
  • the secondary reflector made of surface-treated aluminum, in particular anodized aluminum.
  • This material is particularly well suited for a luminaire used outdoors because it is corrosion resistant.
  • the saddle-roof-shaped arrangement of the reflector surfaces is formed by a metal sheet, wherein the edge and / or the other edges are formed as folded edges.
  • the lamp further comprises a secondary reflector circumferentially surrounded veneering device.
  • This veneering device is one of the abovementioned measures for avoiding a glare effect in the region of the reflector.
  • the veneering device preferably surrounds the secondary reflector circumferentially relative to the axis of symmetry of the primary reflector.
  • secondary reflector and veneering device are integrally formed with each other.
  • the luminaire furthermore preferably has a diffusely scattering luminous element, which is arranged above the secondary reflector and laterally projects beyond it, wherein the secondary reflector is arranged above the light source. If the luminaire is a luminaire whose secondary reflector is arranged above the light source, then this luminaire element is preferably a luminous roof.
  • the obtuse angle ⁇ between the first sections is 100 °
  • the further angle ⁇ 1 between the second subsections 111 ° adjoining each other the further angle ⁇ 2 between the third subsections 116 ° adjoining each other, and the further angle ⁇ 3 between them in each subsequent fourth sections 90 °.
  • the first subsections each have a share of 21.4%
  • the second subsections each have a share of 19.6%
  • the third subsections each have a share of 27.6%
  • the fourth subsections each have a share of 30.2% of the total extent of the corresponding reflector surfaces perpendicular to the common edge.
  • each of the reflector surfaces has a corresponding extension of 94mm.
  • the FIG. 1 shows a designed as an outdoor lamp light 10.
  • This outdoor light has the shape of a lantern and is mounted on a mast, not shown here.
  • the lamp 10 has a semiconductor light source 12 designed as a light source, of which, however, only the base in the FIGS. 1 . 2 and 5 is visible.
  • the semiconductor light source 12 is mounted radiating upward for the purpose of optimal final heating in the lower part of the lamp 10. It itself consists either of individual, side by side areally arranged and radiating directly upwards LEDs on a printed circuit board or an LED module, which is covered at the top with a translucent and optionally also diffuse scattering plate.
  • the luminaire 10 furthermore has a primary reflector 14.
  • This primary reflector 14 is rotationally symmetrical about an axis of symmetry 16.
  • the symmetry axis 16 is vertically aligned and substantially coaxial with the mast, not shown.
  • the primary reflector 14 surrounds the light exit a of the semiconductor light source 12 with respect to the axis 16.
  • the primary reflector 14 and the semiconductor light source 12 are mounted on a common light socket 18.
  • a secondary reflector 20 is arranged above the semiconductor light source 12, a secondary reflector 20 is arranged.
  • the two reflectors 14, 20 are positioned so that radiation of the light source via the primary reflector 14 to the secondary reflector 20 and from there substantially directed downwards in a region to be illuminated is reflected or reflected.
  • the secondary reflector 20 forms a single saddle-roof-shaped arrangement 22 of two in FIG. 1 clearly recognizable reflector surfaces 24, 26 with a common edge 28.
  • the two reflector surfaces 24, 26 are facing each other while forming an obtuse angle ⁇ .
  • the obtuse angle ⁇ is in the range of 90 ° to 120 °, preferably at 100 °.
  • a luminous roof 32 is arranged, which is fastened via support rods 34 on the lamp base 18.
  • the underside of the luminous roof 32 has a diffusely scattering surface.
  • the lighting roof 32 thus additionally has the function of a diffusely scattering light element.
  • each of the reflector surfaces 24, 26 are not flat surfaces, but that each of the reflector surfaces a plurality of mutually inclined portions 24.1 to 24.4; 26.1 to 26.4. These sections adjoin one another in parallel to the common edge 28 of the reflector surfaces 24, 26 aligned further edges 36, 38, 40. This results for each of the reflector surfaces 24, 26 a series of sections 24.1 to 24.4; 26.1 to 26.4 perpendicular to the formation of the common edge 28 of the two reflector surfaces 24, 26th
  • FIG. 2 shows the same light 10, like the FIG. 1 , so that only the additionally visible features should be discussed here.
  • the edge 28 of the saddle-roof-shaped arrangement 22 forms with a plane 30 perpendicular to the axis of symmetry 16 of the primary reflector 14 designed as an acute angle tilt angle ⁇ .
  • This tilt angle ⁇ is preferably 6 ° to 15 °, particularly preferably - as shown here in the exemplary embodiment - 11 °.
  • FIG. 3 shows the secondary reflector 20 with the saddle-roof-shaped arrangement 22 of the reflector surfaces 24, 26 in detail. In this illustration, it is clear that each of the reflector surfaces 24, 26 of four sections 24.1 to 24.4; 26.1 to 26.4.
  • FIG. 4 shows the concrete dimension of the reflector surfaces 24, 26 of the secondary reflector 20.
  • account b1 20.1mm thereof on a first section 24.1, 26.1.
  • These second sections 24.2, 26.2 together form an angle ⁇ 1 of 111 °.
  • the FIG. 5 essentially shows the same lamp 10, which is also in the FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown.
  • the lamp 10 of FIG. 5 additionally shows an annular veneer (lamination) 42 which circumferentially surrounds the secondary reflector 20.
  • the veneering device 42 is attached to the support rods 34 and in turn carries the secondary reflector 20.
  • the veneering device is made of a special structured reflector material, which harmonizes photometrically with the secondary reflector (Christmas tree structure). Between the lamp base 18 and the light roof 32, the ensemble of semiconductor light source 12, primary reflector 14, secondary reflector 20, veneering device 42 and support rods 34 surrounding clear protective tube 44 is further arranged. This protects the ensemble especially from the weather.
  • the veneering device is made of specially structured reflector material, which harmonizes photometrically with the secondary reflector, for example with a Christmas tree or with a Christmas tree profile.
  • the height of the primary reflector 14 results from the diameter of the light source.
  • a preferred level for a semiconductor light source 12 is 58mm for the luminaire 10 shown. Since no light is to be emitted from the luminaire 10 into the upper hemisphere, the upper edge of the primary reflector 14 and the outer edge of the luminaire roof 32 serve as a shield against the latter directly from the semiconductor light source 12 emitted light. On the other hand, however, the primary reflector 14 may not be so high, the light emitted laterally from the primary reflector 14 will fall back into the primary reflector 14 itself.
  • the diameter of the upper reflector opening of the primary reflector 14 is preferably 130 mm.
  • the contour of this primary reflector 14 is preferably parabolically curved. A faceting of the inside reflecting the light may be required for directly visible light-emitting diodes.
  • the lower region of the primary reflector 14 encloses the semiconductor light source 12 so that any light leakage between the light source 12 and the primary reflector 14 is avoided.
  • the secondary reflector 20 is arranged almost centrally between the light roof 32 and the semiconductor light source 12.
  • the secondary reflector 20 decomposes the focused light beam coming from below into two light bundles which adjoin one another and point obliquely downwards to illuminate the area to be illuminated.
  • the two reflector surfaces 24, 26 span an angle of more than 90 ° and are, as I said, in several sections 24.1 to 24.4; 26.1 to 26.4 divided. These are different angles ⁇ , ⁇ 1 - ⁇ 3 employed to prevent adverse reflections. Such reflections are present, for example, when light and dark stripes result below the luminaire in that the light guided by the light source onto a reflector surface 24, 26 is reflected by it onto the respective other reflector surface 24, 26.
  • the sections 24.1 to 24.4; 26.1 to 26.4 are dimensioned, arranged and aligned so that although multiple reflections between the reflector surfaces 24, 26 may occur, but these do not affect in light and dark zones in the area to be illuminated below the light 10. Rather, the arrangement, the dimensioning and orientation of these sections are 24.1 to 24.4; 26.1 to 26.4 are chosen such that the multiply reflected light is distributed as homogeneously as possible in the area to be illuminated.
  • the sections 24.1 to 24.4; 26.1 to 26.4 separate from each other, the desired effect can also be achieved with correspondingly curved reflector surfaces 24, 26.
  • the outline of the secondary reflector 20 is chosen so that it fits into the annular veneering device 38 (lamination).
  • the secondary reflector 20 is - as stated - inclined by an angle ⁇ of preferably 11 ° to the horizontal to distribute the light of a roadside positioned light 10 asymmetric and thus as completely as possible to an area on the road.
  • the secondary reflector 20 is preferably made of aluminum, which may be provided with a reflection-enhancing coating.
  • the reflector surfaces 24, 26 are preferably made slightly satined to avoid unevenness in the illumination intensity distribution on the road. The degree of gloss depends on the light source. Thus, a semiconductor light source 12 with directly visible LEDs may require a stronger matting of the secondary reflector 20.
  • a metallized (coated) plastic version of the secondary reflector 20 is also possible, preferably with a metallized coating.
  • the veneering device 38 for laminating the secondary reflector 20 has two functions: First, it denies the direct view of the photometrically effective reflector contour of the Secondary reflectors 20 and on the other hand, it shields light flux components, which are directed by the secondary reflector 20 across the street and could possibly cause glare in neighboring buildings. Also, a one-piece design of the secondary reflector 20 and facing device 38 is possible.
  • Part of the light emitted by the light source passes the secondary reflector 20 and strikes directly on the diffuser, which is painted white from below. From there it is scattered back into the lower hemisphere to illuminate the street near the luminaire.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Lampe (10), en particulier lampe d'éclairage extérieur, avec au moins une source lumineuse, un réflecteur primaire (14) avec un axe de symétrie (16) et un réflecteur secondaire (20), dans laquelle au moins une partie de la lumière de la source lumineuse peut être réfléchie par le réflecteur primaire (14) vers le réflecteur secondaire (20) et de celui-ci à une zone à éclairer, dans laquelle le réflecteur secondaire (20) est formé par une disposition en forme de toit à deux versants (22) de deux surfaces réfléchissantes (24, 26) ayant un bord commun (28), les surfaces réfléchissantes (24, 26) étant tournées l'une vers l'autre en formant un angle obtus (α), caractérisée en ce que le bord (28) de la disposition en forme de toit à deux versants (22) forme avec un plan (30) perpendiculaire à l'axe de symétrie (16) du réflecteur primaire (14) un angle d'inclinaison (β) conformé comme un angle aigu, en particulier un angle d'inclinaison (β) compris dans la plage 6° ≤ β ≤ 12°.
  2. Lampe selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les surfaces réfléchissantes (24, 26) du réflecteur secondaire (20) sont disposées de façon symétrique en miroir par rapport à un plan de symétrie.
  3. Lampe selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que chacune des surfaces réfléchissantes (24, 26) présente plusieurs parties (24.1-24.4, 26.1-26.4) inclinées les unes vers les autres, qui sont limitrophes les unes des autres sur d'autres bords (36, 38, 40) orientés parallèlement au bord commun (28) des surfaces réfléchissantes (24, 26).
  4. Lampe selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la source lumineuse est une source lumineuse à semi-conducteurs (12), en particulier une source lumineuse à semi-conducteurs conformée comme une disposition plane de diodes électroluminescentes.
  5. Lampe selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le réflecteur secondaire (20) se compose d'aluminium anodisé.
  6. Lampe selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la disposition en forme de toit à deux versants (22) des surfaces réfléchissantes (24, 26) est formée par une tôle, le bord (28) et/ou les autres bords (36, 38, 40) étant conformés comme des bords repliés.
  7. Lampe selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un dispositif de volets (42) entourant le réflecteur secondaire (20) sur sa circonférence.
  8. Lampe selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le réflecteur secondaire (20) et le dispositif de volet (42) sont conformés d'un seul tenant.
  9. Lampe selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un élément de lampe dispersant une lumière diffuse, qui est disposé au-dessus du réflecteur secondaire (20) et dépasse latéralement de celui-ci, le réflecteur secondaire (20) étant disposé au-au-dessus de la source lumineuse.
  10. Lampe selon l'une des revendications 3 à 9, caractérisée en ce que les premières parties (24.1, 26.1) des deux surfaces réfléchissantes (24, 26) immédiatement limitrophes du bord commun forment ensemble l'angle obtus (α) de 98°-102°, les deuxièmes parties (24.2, 26.2) leur faisant suite un autre angle (α1) de 109°-113°, les troisièmes parties (24.3, 26.3) leur faisant suite un autre angle de 114°-118° et les quatrièmes parties (24.4, 26.4) leur faisant suite un autre angle de 88°-92°.
EP11193774.4A 2010-12-16 2011-12-15 Eclairage Active EP2466196B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010063282A DE102010063282A1 (de) 2010-12-16 2010-12-16 Leuchte

Publications (3)

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EP2466196A2 EP2466196A2 (fr) 2012-06-20
EP2466196A3 EP2466196A3 (fr) 2013-05-01
EP2466196B1 true EP2466196B1 (fr) 2014-09-03

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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114110462A (zh) * 2021-12-09 2022-03-01 同辉电子科技股份有限公司 一种消除交替阴影纹路的城市路灯系统

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE888533C (de) * 1951-11-16 1953-09-03 Siemens Ag Strassenleuchte fuer Leuchtstofflampen
DE8611238U1 (de) * 1986-04-24 1986-06-12 Rechlaternen Herstellungs- u. Vertriebs-KG Dr. Hans Schlechter, 5450 Neuwied Reflektor für eine Sonderleuchte
US6089724A (en) * 1998-11-02 2000-07-18 One Tech Llc Indirect task light monitors and the like
DE20002092U1 (de) * 2000-02-05 2000-05-18 Docter Optics Gmbh Beleuchtungsvorrichtung für einen Arbeitsplatz
ITTO20030340A1 (it) * 2003-05-09 2004-11-10 Space Cannon Vh Srl Sistema per l'illuminazione avente un proiettore di luce
JP2008135219A (ja) * 2006-11-27 2008-06-12 Phoenix Denki Kk 照明装置

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Publication number Publication date
EP2466196A3 (fr) 2013-05-01
EP2466196A2 (fr) 2012-06-20
DE102010063282A1 (de) 2012-06-21

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