EP2466026A2 - Wall or cladding stone - Google Patents

Wall or cladding stone Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2466026A2
EP2466026A2 EP11009891A EP11009891A EP2466026A2 EP 2466026 A2 EP2466026 A2 EP 2466026A2 EP 11009891 A EP11009891 A EP 11009891A EP 11009891 A EP11009891 A EP 11009891A EP 2466026 A2 EP2466026 A2 EP 2466026A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
masonry
wall
filling opening
stone
block
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP11009891A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2466026B1 (en
EP2466026A3 (en
Inventor
Karl Fischer
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication of EP2466026A2 publication Critical patent/EP2466026A2/en
Publication of EP2466026A3 publication Critical patent/EP2466026A3/en
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Publication of EP2466026B1 publication Critical patent/EP2466026B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/24—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in some of the cavities forming load-bearing pillars or beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/026—Splittable building elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0289—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0289—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material
    • E04B2002/0291—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material loose material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a masonry or formwork stone according to the preamble of claim 1 protection for the production of brick walls, in particular of outer or inner corners of a wall edge structure.
  • masonry or shuttering blocks which have a rectangular basic shape.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop a masonry or formwork stone of the type mentioned in that while avoiding the aforementioned disadvantages in practice simpler and more flexible handling of masonry or shuttering stone is made possible.
  • the invention solves this problem by a masonry or formwork stone with the features of claim 1.
  • Advantageous developments of the formwork brick according to the invention are the subject of claims, the wording of which is hereby incorporated by explicit reference in the description in order to avoid unnecessary text repetition.
  • the outstanding feature of the Wall or formwork brick according to the invention which may be formed in any suitable material, is the square or approximately square basic shape. This square or approximately square basic form as a selected basic structure allows any formation of brick walls, especially the formation of inner and outer corners of a wall edge structure.
  • a development of the masonry or formwork brick according to the invention is characterized by a predetermined breaking plane, preferably a parallel to two opposite outer walls of the masonry or formwork stone arranged breaking level, which allows a division of the masonry or shuttering stone, preferably a half-pitch. Due to the possibility of half the division of the bricks or formwork stones results in appropriate processing, a so-called cross association of the brick walls. Also, it can be fully ensure the necessary vertically stacked layering.
  • a particular advantage of another development of the masonry or formwork brick according to the invention is the two-sided so-called hard outer and inner shell of the brick walls.
  • the brick walls are to be understood in the invention as a so-called formwork stone walls, that is, that the static functions are met by a filling of chambers of masonry or formwork brick with concrete, lightweight concrete or other viable materials.
  • At least one first filling opening and at least one second filling opening are provided in the masonry or shuttering stone, wherein the first filling opening can be filled or filled with an insulating material for thermal and / or acoustic insulation and the second filling opening serves for filling the load-bearing material. Due to the possible exactly superimposed vertical stratification of masonry or shuttering blocks, among other things, the static demands on the carrying capacity and the structural criteria for a quality masonry wall fully guaranteed because the filling can be done vertically with substantially sustainable continuous material. The physical requirements are further met or guaranteed by the introduced or insertable insulation in the appropriate strength and quality.
  • a web extending between the first filling opening and the second filling opening has a thickness which is at most 80 percent, advantageously at most 65 percent and preferably at most 50 percent, of the wall thickness of the outer walls.
  • a large filling volume can be achieved.
  • the square or approximately square basic shape of the masonry or formwork block should preferably correspond to the metric measurement system, but also any other measure of the size can be selected.
  • the height of the bricks or shuttering stones can be chosen essentially freely and independently.
  • At least one insulating element arranged at least partially within an outer wall is provided for diverting a heat flow.
  • An "insulating element" should in particular be understood to mean an element which has a higher heat conduction resistance than wall regions of the masonry or shuttering stone adjoining the element.
  • the insulating element may in particular be formed by a recess which is filled with an insulating material, in particular air. In principle, other insulating materials, such as a foam, conceivable.
  • the recess has a volume which is at least 10 times, advantageously at least 50 times and preferably at least 100 times as large as a maximum volume of a pore of a material of the outer wall.
  • the insulating element has at least one partial region which is delimited on at least two sides by one of the outer walls.
  • a high insulating effect of the masonry or shuttering stone can be achieved.
  • a method for producing inner and outer corners of a wall wall structure with masonry or formwork blocks in which the masonry or shuttering stone, which is arranged in a corner region of an inner or outer corner, is formed as a half stone or as a cornerstone.
  • a "half brick” is to be understood in particular one half of a wall or shuttering stone divided along the predetermined breaking plane.
  • a "cornerstone” is to be understood, in particular, as a masonry or formwork block in which a number of filling openings filled with insulating material deviate from a number of filling openings filled with load-bearing material. It can be achieved in particular inner and outer corners of the wall wall structure with high insulation and / or load capacity properties.
  • FIG. 1 shows a masonry or shuttering block according to the invention in the basic form in the form of a plan view.
  • the masonry or shuttering stone is designated in its entirety by the reference numeral 1 and may be formed without limitation in a brick material. It has in the basic form a substantially square base, which is defined by outer walls 2a to 2d of the masonry or shuttering stone 1.
  • Reference numeral SBE denotes a predetermined breaking plane for half-division of the masonry or formwork brick 1 shown.
  • the masonry or formwork brick 1 a the predetermined breaking plane SBE contained intermediate wall 3, which has at least about twice the wall thickness as the individual outer walls 2a to 2d of the wall
  • a wall thickness of the newly formed outer wall 3 " which essentially corresponds approximately to the wall thickness of the outer walls 2a to 2d, then results in the region of the predetermined breaking plane SBE second filling opening 4, which are separated from one another by a (transverse) web 6.
  • the transverse web 6 is designed to be relatively thin in comparison to the outer walls 2a to 2d of the wall or formwork block 1.
  • the transverse web 6 has a thickness, the 25th Percent of the wall thickness of the outer walls 2a to 2d FIG. 1 drawn center line ML is easily apparent, the first filling openings 5 are larger in cross-section than the second filling openings 4.
  • the first filling openings 5 is present a suitable sound and / or thermal insulation material 5 'already introduced.
  • the second filling opening 4 is used for filling with a load-bearing material, such as concrete or the like, to ensure the static requirements for the carrying capacity of masonry masonry masonry.
  • a load-bearing material such as concrete or the like.
  • the dimensions of the masonry or shuttering stone 1 in the base that is, the length of the outer walls 2a to 2d freely selectable.
  • the height is basically independent of the dimensions of the masonry or shuttering stone 1 in the base selectable.
  • masonry or shuttering stone 1 according to the present invention is not related to those in the FIG. 1 limited by way of example.
  • both sides of the predetermined breaking plane SBE can also each have several and / or deviating from the present one Presentation shaped or arranged first and second filling openings may be present.
  • the masonry or shuttering stone 1 in the outer walls 2a to 2d arranged insulating elements 7, which are provided to redirect a heat flow.
  • the insulating elements 7 are in this case in regions of the outer walls 2a to 2d, which are adjacent outwardly oriented corners of the filling openings 4 and 5, introduced and extend within each of the Au ⁇ enwandept 2a to 2d or within one of the outer walls 2b or 2d and the Partition wall 3.
  • the insulating elements 7 are formed by L-shaped in a plan view, filled with air recesses of the outer walls 2a to 2d. Due to their air filling, the insulating elements 7 have a higher heat conduction resistance than surrounding areas of the outer walls 2 a to 2 d, as a result of which the heat flow is deflected around the insulating elements 7.
  • FIG. 2 shows the construction of an inner corner of a wall wall structure, which was made of wall or shuttering blocks 1 by the following method: In a y-direction, a series of masonry or shuttering blocks 1 is laid, in which filled with insulating material 5 'filling openings 5 with larger Cross-section of an outer side of the wall wall structure are facing and filled with a load-bearing material filling openings 4 facing an inner side of the wall wall structure.
  • the half stone 1 ' fills out a left half of the corner area.
  • a series of masonry or shuttering blocks 1 is arranged, in which the filling openings 5 are filled with insulating material 5' and the filling openings 4 with sustainable material, with an orientation of the masonry or shuttering blocks 1 in the Row is rotated in the x-direction by 90 degrees clockwise against an orientation of the wall or shuttering blocks 1 in the row in the y-direction, so that the filling openings 5 an outer side and the filling openings 4 face an inner side of the wall wall structure.
  • Another layer of the wall wall structure can be made in the same way or in a manner in which the half stone 1 'fills an upper half of the corner area.
  • cornerstone which is formed by a masonry or formwork stone 1, in which the filling openings 5 and one of the filling openings 4 are filled with insulating material 5' and a remaining filling opening 4 with sustainable Material is filled and has an orientation in which the filling material filled with filling opening 4 is assigned to the inside of the wall wall structure.

Abstract

The wall- or formwork brick (1) has a square or nearly square-shaped base form. A rupture plane, particularly a breaking plane is arranged parallel to two opposing outer walls (2a-2d) of the brick. The breaking plane forms a division or half-pitch of the brick.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Mauer- oder Schalungsstein nach dem Oberbegriff des Schutzanspruchs 1 zur Herstellung von Mauersteinwänden, insbesondere von Außen- oder Innenecken einer Mauerrandstruktur.The present invention relates to a masonry or formwork stone according to the preamble of claim 1 protection for the production of brick walls, in particular of outer or inner corners of a wall edge structure.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Mauer- oder Schalungssteine bekannt, die eine rechteckige Grundform aufweisen. Insbesondere zur Ausbildung von Innen- und Außenecken einer Mauerrandstruktur ist es deshalb regelmäßig erforderlich, die vorbekannten Mauer- oder Schalungssteine durch nachträgliche Bearbeitung, insbesondere vor Ort auf der Baustelle, in eine andere Grundform zu bringen, was zeitaufwändig und ästhetisch oftmals unansprechend ist und außerdem ein erhebliches Maß an Ausschuss bzw. Abfall produziert.From the state of the art masonry or shuttering blocks are known, which have a rectangular basic shape. In particular, for the formation of inner and outer corners of a wall edge structure, it is therefore regularly necessary to bring the previously known masonry or formwork stones by subsequent processing, especially on site on the site in another basic form, which is time-consuming and aesthetically often unappealing and also a produced a considerable amount of rejects or waste.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Mauer- oder Schalungsstein der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend weiter zu entwickeln, dass unter Vermeidung der vorstehend genannten Nachteile eine in der Praxis einfachere und flexiblere Handhabung des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins ermöglicht wird. Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe durch einen Mauer- oder Schalungsstein mit den Merkmalen des Schutzanspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Schalungssteins sind Gegenstand von Unteransprüchen, deren Wortlaut hiermit durch ausdrückliche Bezugnahme in die Beschreibung aufgenommen wird, um unnötige Textwiederholungen zu vermeiden. Die herausragende Eigenschaft des erfindungsgemäßen Mauer- oder Schalungssteins, welcher in einem beliebigen geeigneten Material ausgebildet sein kann, ist die quadratische oder annähernd quadratische Grundform. Diese quadratische oder annähernd quadratische Grundform als gewählte Grundstruktur ermöglicht jegliche Ausbildung von Mauersteinwänden, ganz besonders auch die Ausbildung von Innen- und Außenecken einer Mauerrandstruktur. Durch die quadratische oder annähernd quadratische Form ist ferner eine Anwendbarkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Mauersteine oder Schalungssteine in jeder Richtung gegeben. Eine Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Mauer- oder Schalungssteins zeichnet sich aus durch eine Sollbruchebene, vorzugsweise eine parallel zu zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Außenwandungen des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins angeordnete Sollbruchebene, welche eine Teilung des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins ermöglicht, vorzugsweise eine Halbteilung. Durch die Möglichkeit der halben Teilung der Mauersteine oder Schalungssteine ergibt sich bei entsprechender Verarbeitung ein so genannter Kreuzverband der Mauersteinwände. Auch lässt sich damit die notwendige vertikal übereinander liegende Schichtung voll gewährleisten. Ein besonderer Vorteil einer anderen Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Mauer- oder Schalungssteins ist die beidseitige so genannte harte Außen- und Innenschale der Mauersteinwände. Hierzu kann vorgesehen sein, eine die Sollbruchebene enthaltende Zwischenwand vorzusehen, welche wenigstens etwa die doppelte Wandstärke aufweist wie die Außenwandungen des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins und welche eine Anzahl im Wesentlichen mittig angeordneter Durchbrüche aufweist, die sich parallel zu der Sollbruchebene erstrecken, um den Mauer- oder Schalungsstein entlang der Sollbruchebene teilbar zu machen. Die Mauersteinwände sind in Weiterbildung der Erfindung als so genannte Schalungssteinwände zu verstehen, das heißt, dass die statischen Funktionen durch eine Füllung von Kammern des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins mit Beton, Leichtbeton oder sonstigen tragfähigen Materialien erfüllt werden. Hierzu kann entsprechend vorgesehen sein, wenigstens eine Füllöffnung in dem Mauer- oder Schalungsstein vorzusehen, die entsprechend füllbar ist. Höchst vorzugsweise ist wenigstens eine erste Füllöffnung und wenigstens eine zweite Füllöffnung in dem Mauer- oder Schalungsstein vorgesehen, wobei die erste Füllöffnung mit einem Dämmmaterial zur Wärme- und/oder Schalldämmung füllbar oder gefüllt ist und die zweite Füllöffnung zum Einfüllen des tragfähigen Materiales dient. Aufgrund der möglichen exakt übereinander liegenden vertikalen Schichtung der Mauer- oder Schalungssteine werden unter anderem auch die statischen Forderungen an die Tragfähigkeit sowie die bauphysikalischen Kriterien an eine qualitätsvolle Mauersteinwand voll gewährleistet, da die Füllung mit tragfähigem Material vertikal im Wesentlichen durchlaufend erfolgen kann. Die bauphysikalischen Forderungen werden weiterhin durch die eingebrachte bzw. einbringbare Dämmung in der entsprechenden Stärke und Güte erfüllt bzw. gewährleistet. Ferner wird vorgeschlagen, dass ein zwischen der ersten Füllöffnung und der zweiten Füllöffnung verlaufender Steg eine Dicke aufweist, die maximal 80 Prozent, vorteilhaft maximal 65 Prozent und vorzugsweise maximal 50 Prozent der Wandstärke der Außenwandungen beträgt. Es kann insbesondere ein großes Füllvolumen erreicht werden. Die quadratische oder annähernd quadratische Grundform des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins sollte vorzugsweise dem metrischen Maß-System entsprechen, wobei jedoch auch jedes andere Maß für die Größe gewählt werden kann. Die Höhe der Mauersteine oder Schalungssteine kann im Wesentlichen frei und unabhängig davon gewählt werden. Durch die entsprechende Wahl der quadratischen oder annähernd quadratischen Grundform des Mauersteines oder Schalungssteines lassen sich unter anderem die statischen und auch die bauphysikalischen Forderungen an eine qualitätsvolle Ausführung der Mauerwand voll erfüllen.The invention has for its object to further develop a masonry or formwork stone of the type mentioned in that while avoiding the aforementioned disadvantages in practice simpler and more flexible handling of masonry or shuttering stone is made possible. The invention solves this problem by a masonry or formwork stone with the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the formwork brick according to the invention are the subject of claims, the wording of which is hereby incorporated by explicit reference in the description in order to avoid unnecessary text repetition. The outstanding feature of the Wall or formwork brick according to the invention, which may be formed in any suitable material, is the square or approximately square basic shape. This square or approximately square basic form as a selected basic structure allows any formation of brick walls, especially the formation of inner and outer corners of a wall edge structure. Due to the square or approximately square shape, an applicability of the bricks or shuttering blocks according to the invention is also given in each direction. A development of the masonry or formwork brick according to the invention is characterized by a predetermined breaking plane, preferably a parallel to two opposite outer walls of the masonry or formwork stone arranged breaking level, which allows a division of the masonry or shuttering stone, preferably a half-pitch. Due to the possibility of half the division of the bricks or formwork stones results in appropriate processing, a so-called cross association of the brick walls. Also, it can be fully ensure the necessary vertically stacked layering. A particular advantage of another development of the masonry or formwork brick according to the invention is the two-sided so-called hard outer and inner shell of the brick walls. For this purpose, provision may be made for providing an intermediate wall containing the predetermined breaking plane which has at least approximately twice the wall thickness as the outer walls of the masonry or shuttering block and which has a number of essentially centrally arranged openings which extend parallel to the predetermined breaking plane in order to open the wall. or formwork stone along the predetermined breaking plane divisible. The brick walls are to be understood in the invention as a so-called formwork stone walls, that is, that the static functions are met by a filling of chambers of masonry or formwork brick with concrete, lightweight concrete or other viable materials. For this purpose, can be provided accordingly, at least one filling opening to provide in the masonry or formwork stone, which is filled accordingly. Most preferably, at least one first filling opening and at least one second filling opening are provided in the masonry or shuttering stone, wherein the first filling opening can be filled or filled with an insulating material for thermal and / or acoustic insulation and the second filling opening serves for filling the load-bearing material. Due to the possible exactly superimposed vertical stratification of masonry or shuttering blocks, among other things, the static demands on the carrying capacity and the structural criteria for a quality masonry wall fully guaranteed because the filling can be done vertically with substantially sustainable continuous material. The physical requirements are further met or guaranteed by the introduced or insertable insulation in the appropriate strength and quality. Furthermore, it is proposed that a web extending between the first filling opening and the second filling opening has a thickness which is at most 80 percent, advantageously at most 65 percent and preferably at most 50 percent, of the wall thickness of the outer walls. In particular, a large filling volume can be achieved. The square or approximately square basic shape of the masonry or formwork block should preferably correspond to the metric measurement system, but also any other measure of the size can be selected. The height of the bricks or shuttering stones can be chosen essentially freely and independently. By the appropriate choice of the square or approximately square basic shape of the brick or formwork stone can be fully meet, inter alia, the static and the physical requirements of a high-quality execution of the wall.

Ferner wird zumindest ein zumindest teilweise innerhalb einer Außenwandung angeordnetes Isolierelement, das zu einer Umleitung eines Wärmeflusses vorgesehen ist, vorgeschlagen. Unter einem "Isolierelement" soll insbesondere ein Element verstanden werden, das einen höheren Wärmeleitungswiderstand aufweist als an das Element angrenzende Wandbereiche des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins. Das Isolierelement kann insbesondere von einer Ausnehmung gebildet sein, die mit einem Isoliermaterial, insbesondere Luft, gefüllt ist. Grundsätzlich sind auch andere Isoliermaterialien, beispielsweise ein Schaumstoff, denkbar. Insbesondere weist die Ausnehmung ein Volumen auf, das zumindest 10-mal, vorteilhaft zumindest 50-mal und vorzugsweise zumindest 100-mal so groß ist wie ein maximales Volumen einer Pore eines Materials der Außenwandung. Unter "zumindest teilweise innerhalb einer Außenwandung angeordnet" soll insbesondere verstanden werden, dass das Isolierelement zumindest einen Teilbereich aufweist, der auf zumindest zwei Seiten von einer der Außenwandungen begrenzt wird. Es kann insbesondere eine hohe Isolierwirkung des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins erreicht werden.Furthermore, at least one insulating element arranged at least partially within an outer wall is provided for diverting a heat flow is proposed. An "insulating element" should in particular be understood to mean an element which has a higher heat conduction resistance than wall regions of the masonry or shuttering stone adjoining the element. The insulating element may in particular be formed by a recess which is filled with an insulating material, in particular air. In principle, other insulating materials, such as a foam, conceivable. In particular, the recess has a volume which is at least 10 times, advantageously at least 50 times and preferably at least 100 times as large as a maximum volume of a pore of a material of the outer wall. By "at least partially disposed within an outer wall" is to be understood, in particular, that the insulating element has at least one partial region which is delimited on at least two sides by one of the outer walls. In particular, a high insulating effect of the masonry or shuttering stone can be achieved.

Ferner wird ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Innen- und Außenecken einer Mauerwandstruktur mit Mauer- oder Schalungssteinen, bei dem der Mauer- oder Schalungsstein, der in einem Eckbereich einer Innen- oder Außenecke angeordnet wird, als ein Halbstein oder als ein Eckstein ausgebildet ist. Unter einem "Halbstein" soll insbesondere eine Hälfte eines entlang der Sollbruchebene geteilten Mauer- oder Schalungssteins verstanden werden. Unter einem "Eckstein" soll insbesondere ein Mauer- oder Schalungsstein verstanden werden, bei dem eine Anzahl von mit Dämmmaterial gefüllten Füllöffnungen von einer Anzahl von mit tragfähigem Material gefüllten Füllöffnungen abweicht. Es können insbesondere Innen- und Außenecken der Mauerwandstruktur mit hohen Isolier- und/oder Tragfähigkeitseigenschaften erreicht werden.Further, a method for producing inner and outer corners of a wall wall structure with masonry or formwork blocks, in which the masonry or shuttering stone, which is arranged in a corner region of an inner or outer corner, is formed as a half stone or as a cornerstone. A "half brick" is to be understood in particular one half of a wall or shuttering stone divided along the predetermined breaking plane. A "cornerstone" is to be understood, in particular, as a masonry or formwork block in which a number of filling openings filled with insulating material deviate from a number of filling openings filled with load-bearing material. It can be achieved in particular inner and outer corners of the wall wall structure with high insulation and / or load capacity properties.

Weitere Eigenschaften und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Zeichnungen. In den Zeichnungen ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt. Die Zeichnungen, die Beschreibung und die Ansprüche enthalten zahlreiche Merkmale in Kombination. Der Fachmann wird die Merkmale zweckmäßigerweise auch einzeln betrachten und zu sinnvollen weiteren Kombinationen zusammenfassen.Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, an embodiment of the invention is shown. The drawings, the description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. The person skilled in the art will expediently also consider the features individually and combine them into meaningful further combinations.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen erfindungsgemäßen Mauer- oder Schalungsstein in einer Draufsicht und
Fig. 2
eine zur Ausbildung eines Innenecks einer Mauerwandstruktur verlegte Reihe von Mauer- oder Schalungssteinen.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a masonry or shuttering block according to the invention in a plan view and
Fig. 2
a laid to form an inner corner of a wall wall structure series of masonry or shuttering stones.

Figur 1 zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Mauer- oder Schalungsstein in der Grundform in Form einer Draufsicht. Der Mauer- oder Schalungsstein ist in seiner Gesamtheit mit dem Bezugszeichen 1 bezeichnet und kann ohne Beschränkung in einem Ziegelmaterial ausgebildet sein. Er weist in der Grundform eine im Wesentlichen quadratische Grundfläche auf, welche durch Außenwandungen 2a bis 2d des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins 1 definiert ist. Bezugszeichen SBE bezeichnet eine Sollbruchebene zur Halbteilung des gezeigten Mauer- oder Schalungssteins 1. Zu diesem Zweck weist der Mauer- oder Schalungsstein 1 eine die Sollbruchebene SBE enthaltene Zwischenwand 3 auf, welche wenigstens etwa die doppelte Wandstärke aufweist wie die einzelnen Außenwandungen 2a bis 2d des Mauer-oder Schalungssteins 1. Im Innern der Zwischenwand 3 sind Durchbrüche 3' angeordnet, welche sich jeweils parallel zu der Sollbruchebene SBE erstrecken, um eine einfache Teilung des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins 1 an der Sollbruchebene zu ermöglichen. Für die beiden resultierenden Halbsteine 1' ergibt sich dann im Bereich der Sollbruchebene SBE eine Wandstärke der neu entstandenen Außenwand 3", welche im Wesentlichen etwa an der Wandstärke der Außenwandungen 2a bis 2d entspricht. Beiderseits der Sollbruchebene SBE ist jeweils eine erste Füllöffnung 5 sowie eine zweite Füllöffnung 4 vorgesehen, welche durch einen (Quer-) Steg 6 voneinander getrennt sind. Der Quersteg 6 ist im Vergleich zu den Außenwandungen 2a bis 2d des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins 1 relativ dünn ausgebildet. Der Quersteg 6 weist eine Dicke auf, die 25 Prozent der Wandstärke der Außenwandungen 2a bis 2d beträgt. Wie anhand der in der Figur 1 eingezeichneten Mittellinie ML leicht ersichtlich ist, sind die ersten Füllöffnungen 5 querschnittsmäßig größer als die zweiten Füllöffnungen 4. In die ersten Füllöffnungen 5 ist vorliegend ein geeignetes Schall- und/oder Wärmedämmmaterial 5' bereits eingebracht. Es ist jedoch grundsätzlich auch möglich, das Dämmmaterial 5' erst nach Erstellung des Mauerwerks und dann durch mehrere, vertikal exakt übereinander angeordnete Mauer- oder Schalungssteine 1 hindurch einzubringen. Die zweite Füllöffnung 4 dient für die Füllung mit einem tragfähigen Material, wie Beton oder dergleichen, um die statischen Anforderungen an die Tragfähigkeit eines mit dem Mauer- oder Schalungsstein t hergestellten Mauerwerks sicherzustellen. Grundsätzlich sind die Abmessungen des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins 1 in der Grundfläche, das heißt die Länge der Außenwandungen 2a bis 2d frei wählbar. Gleiches gilt für die Höhe des vorgeschlagenen Mauer- oder Schalungssteins 1, welche sich senkrecht zur Blattebene der beigefügten Figur erstreckt. Dabei ist die Höhe grundsätzlich unabhängig von den Abmessungen des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins 1 in der Grundfläche wählbar. Wie der Fachmann erkennt, ist der erfindungsgemäße Mauer- oder Schalungsstein 1 nicht auf die in der Figur 1 beispielhaft dargestellte Ausgestaltung beschränkt. Insbesondere können beiderseits der Sollbruchebene SBE auch jeweils mehrere und/oder abweichend von der vorliegenden Darstellung geformte bzw. angeordnete erste und zweite Füllöffnungen vorhanden sein. FIG. 1 shows a masonry or shuttering block according to the invention in the basic form in the form of a plan view. The masonry or shuttering stone is designated in its entirety by the reference numeral 1 and may be formed without limitation in a brick material. It has in the basic form a substantially square base, which is defined by outer walls 2a to 2d of the masonry or shuttering stone 1. Reference numeral SBE denotes a predetermined breaking plane for half-division of the masonry or formwork brick 1 shown. For this purpose, the masonry or formwork brick 1 a the predetermined breaking plane SBE contained intermediate wall 3, which has at least about twice the wall thickness as the individual outer walls 2a to 2d of the wall In the interior of the intermediate wall 3 breakthroughs 3 'are arranged, which each extend parallel to the predetermined breaking plane SBE, to a simple division of the masonry or shuttering stone 1 at the predetermined breaking plane to enable. For the two resulting semi-finished bricks 1 ', a wall thickness of the newly formed outer wall 3 ", which essentially corresponds approximately to the wall thickness of the outer walls 2a to 2d, then results in the region of the predetermined breaking plane SBE second filling opening 4, which are separated from one another by a (transverse) web 6. The transverse web 6 is designed to be relatively thin in comparison to the outer walls 2a to 2d of the wall or formwork block 1. The transverse web 6 has a thickness, the 25th Percent of the wall thickness of the outer walls 2a to 2d FIG. 1 drawn center line ML is easily apparent, the first filling openings 5 are larger in cross-section than the second filling openings 4. In the first filling openings 5 is present a suitable sound and / or thermal insulation material 5 'already introduced. However, it is also possible in principle to introduce the insulating material 5 'only after the masonry has been created and then through several masonry or shuttering blocks 1 arranged vertically one above the other. The second filling opening 4 is used for filling with a load-bearing material, such as concrete or the like, to ensure the static requirements for the carrying capacity of masonry masonry masonry. Basically, the dimensions of the masonry or shuttering stone 1 in the base, that is, the length of the outer walls 2a to 2d freely selectable. The same applies to the height of the proposed masonry or shuttering stone 1, which extends perpendicular to the leaf level of the attached figure. The height is basically independent of the dimensions of the masonry or shuttering stone 1 in the base selectable. As one skilled in the art realizes, masonry or shuttering stone 1 according to the present invention is not related to those in the FIG. 1 limited by way of example. In particular, both sides of the predetermined breaking plane SBE can also each have several and / or deviating from the present one Presentation shaped or arranged first and second filling openings may be present.

Ferner weist der Mauer- oder Schalungsstein 1 in den Außenwandungen 2a bis 2d angeordnete Isolierelemente 7 auf, die zu einer Umleitung eines Wärmeflusses vorgesehen sind. Die Isolierelemente 7 sind hierbei in Bereichen der Außenwandungen 2a bis 2d, welche nach außen orientierten Ecken der Füllöffnungen 4 und 5 benachbart sind, eingebracht und erstrecken sich innerhalb jeweils zwei der Au-βenwandungen 2a bis 2d oder innerhalb einer der Außenwandungen 2b oder 2d und der Zwischenwand 3. Die Isolierelemente 7 sind von in einer Draufsicht L-förmig ausgebildeten, von Luft ausgefüllten Ausnehmungen der Außenwandungen 2a bis 2d gebildet. Die Isolierelemente 7 weisen aufgrund ihrer Luftfüllung einen höheren Wärmeleitungswiderstand auf als umgebende Bereiche der Außenwandungen 2a bis 2d, wodurch der Wärmefluss um die Isolierelemente 7 umgelenkt wird.Furthermore, the masonry or shuttering stone 1 in the outer walls 2a to 2d arranged insulating elements 7, which are provided to redirect a heat flow. The insulating elements 7 are in this case in regions of the outer walls 2a to 2d, which are adjacent outwardly oriented corners of the filling openings 4 and 5, introduced and extend within each of the Au βenwandungen 2a to 2d or within one of the outer walls 2b or 2d and the Partition wall 3. The insulating elements 7 are formed by L-shaped in a plan view, filled with air recesses of the outer walls 2a to 2d. Due to their air filling, the insulating elements 7 have a higher heat conduction resistance than surrounding areas of the outer walls 2 a to 2 d, as a result of which the heat flow is deflected around the insulating elements 7.

Figur 2 zeigt den Aufbau eines Innenecks einer Mauerwandstruktur, die aus Mauer- oder Schalungssteinen 1 durch das folgende Verfahren hergestellt wurde: In einer y-Richtung wird eine Reihe von Mauer- oder Schalungssteinen 1 verlegt, bei denen die mit Dämmmaterial 5' befüllten Füllöffnungen 5 mit größerem Querschnitt einer Außenseite der Mauerwandstruktur zugewandt sind und die mit tragfähigem Material befüllten Füllöffnungen 4 einer Innenseite der Mauerwandstruktur zugewandt sind. In einem Eckbereich des Innenecks, der einen Flächeninhalt eines vollständigen Mauer- oder Schalungssteins 1 aufweist, wird ein rechteckiger Halbstein 1' eines Mauer- oder Schalungssteins 1, bei dem die Füllöffnung 5 und die Füllöffnung 4 jeweils mit Dämmmaterial 5' ausgefüllt wurden, mit einer Orientierung, bei der eine kurze Seite des Halbsteins 1' an einem angrenzenden Mauer-oder Schalungsstein 1 anliegt und eine lange Seite des Halbsteins 1' eine Außenseite der in y-Richtung verlaufenden Reihe von Mauer- oder Schalungssteinen 1 lückenlos fortsetzt, angeordnet. Der Halbstein 1' füllt hierbei eine linke Hälfte des Eckbereichs aus. In einer x-Richtung an den Halbstein 1' wird eine Reihe Mauer-oder Schalungssteine 1 angeordnet, bei denen die Füllöffnungen 5 mit Dämmmaterial 5' und die Füllöffnungen 4 mit tragfähigem Material ausgefüllt sind, wobei eine Orientierung der Mauer- oder Schalungssteine 1 in der Reihe in x-Richtung um 90 Grad im Uhrzeigersinn gegenüber einer Orientierung der Mauer- oder Schalungssteine 1 in der Reihe in y-Richtung gedreht ist, so dass die Füllöffnungen 5 einer Außenseite und die Füllöffnungen 4 einer Innenseite der Mauerwandstruktur zugewandt sind. Eine weitere Schicht der Mauerwandstruktur kann auf dieselbe Weise hergestellt werden oder auf eine Weise, bei der der Halbstein 1' eine obere Hälfte des Eckbereichs ausfüllt. Anstelle eines Halbsteins 1' in dem Eckbereich kann auch ein sogenannter Eckstein verwendet werden, welcher von einem Mauer- oder Schalungsstein 1 gebildet ist, bei dem die Füllöffnungen 5 und eine der Füllöffnungen 4 mit Dämmmaterial 5' befüllt sind und eine verbleibende Füllöffnung 4 mit tragfähigem Material befüllt ist und der eine Orientierung aufweist, bei der die mit tragfähigem Material gefüllte Füllöffnung 4 der Innenseite der Mauerwandstruktur zugeordnet ist. FIG. 2 shows the construction of an inner corner of a wall wall structure, which was made of wall or shuttering blocks 1 by the following method: In a y-direction, a series of masonry or shuttering blocks 1 is laid, in which filled with insulating material 5 'filling openings 5 with larger Cross-section of an outer side of the wall wall structure are facing and filled with a load-bearing material filling openings 4 facing an inner side of the wall wall structure. In a corner region of the inner corner, which has an area of a complete wall or shuttering stone 1, a rectangular half brick 1 'of a wall or formwork brick 1, in which the filling opening 5 and the filling opening 4 were each filled with insulating material 5', with a Orientation in which a short side of the half-stone 1 'abuts an adjacent wall or shuttering stone 1 and a long side of the half-stone 1' an outer side the continuation in the y direction series of masonry or shuttering blocks 1 continues without gaps, arranged. The half stone 1 'fills out a left half of the corner area. In a x-direction of the half stone 1 'a series of masonry or shuttering blocks 1 is arranged, in which the filling openings 5 are filled with insulating material 5' and the filling openings 4 with sustainable material, with an orientation of the masonry or shuttering blocks 1 in the Row is rotated in the x-direction by 90 degrees clockwise against an orientation of the wall or shuttering blocks 1 in the row in the y-direction, so that the filling openings 5 an outer side and the filling openings 4 face an inner side of the wall wall structure. Another layer of the wall wall structure can be made in the same way or in a manner in which the half stone 1 'fills an upper half of the corner area. Instead of a half-stone 1 'in the corner can also be used a so-called cornerstone, which is formed by a masonry or formwork stone 1, in which the filling openings 5 and one of the filling openings 4 are filled with insulating material 5' and a remaining filling opening 4 with sustainable Material is filled and has an orientation in which the filling material filled with filling opening 4 is assigned to the inside of the wall wall structure.

Bezugszeichenreference numeral

11 Mauer- oder SchalungssteinMasonry or formwork stone 2a2a Außenwandungouter wall 2b2 B Außenwandungouter wall 2c2c Außenwandungouter wall 2d2d Außenwandungouter wall 33 Zwischenwandpartition 3'3 ' Durchbruchbreakthrough 3"3 ' Außenwandouter wall 44 Füllöffnungfill opening 55 Füllöffnungfill opening 5'5 ' Dämmmaterialinsulation 66 Stegweb 77 Isolierelementinsulating

Claims (14)

Mauer- oder Schalungsstein zur Herstellung von Mauersteinwänden, insbesondere von Außen- und Innenecken einer Mauerwandstruktur,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Mauer- oder Schalungsstein (1) eine quadratische oder annähernd quadratische Grundform aufweist.Masonry or formwork stone for the production of masonry walls, in particular of outer and inner corners of a wall wall structure,
characterized in that
the masonry or shuttering stone (1) has a square or approximately square basic shape. Mauer- oder Schalungsstein (1) nach Anspruch 1,
gekennzeichnet durch
eine Sollbruchebene (SBE), vorzugsweise eine parallel zu zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Außenwandungen (2a - 2d) des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins (1) angeordnete Sollbruchebene, welche eine Teilung des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins (1) ermöglicht, vorzugsweise eine Halbteilung.Masonry block (1) according to claim 1,
marked by
a predetermined breaking plane (SBE), preferably a parallel to two opposite outer walls (2a - 2d) of the masonry or shuttering stone (1) arranged predetermined breaking plane, which allows a division of the masonry or formwork block (1), preferably a half-graduation. Mauer- oder Schalungsstein (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
gekennzeichnet durch
wenigstens eine erste Füllöffnung (5) und wenigstens eine zweite Füllöffnung (4), wobei die erste Füllöffnung (5) mit einem Dämmmaterial (5') zur Wärme- und/oder Schalldämmung füllbar oder gefüllt ist.Masonry block (1) according to claim 1 or 2,
marked by
at least one first filling opening (5) and at least one second filling opening (4), wherein the first filling opening (5) can be filled or filled with an insulating material (5 ') for heat and / or sound insulation. Mauer- oder Schalungsstein (1) nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die zweite Füllöffnung (a) für die Füllung mit einem tragfähigen Material, wie Beton, LC-Beton oder dergleichen, ausgebildet ist.Masonry block (1) according to claim 3,
characterized in that
the second filling opening (a) is designed for filling with a load-bearing material, such as concrete, LC concrete or the like. Mauer- oder Schalungsstein (1) nach Anspruch 3 oder 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
beiderseits der Sollbruchebene (SBE) gemäß Anspruch 2 jeweils wenigstens eine erste Füllöffnung (5) und eine zweite Füllöffnung (4) vorgesehen ist, vorzugsweise in symmetrischer Anordnung bezüglich der Sollbruchebene.Masonry block (1) according to claim 3 or 4,
characterized in that
On both sides of the predetermined breaking plane (SBE) according to claim 2 in each case at least one first filling opening (5) and a second filling opening (4) is provided, preferably in a symmetrical arrangement with respect to the predetermined breaking plane. Mauer- oder Schalungsstein (1) nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die erste Füllöffnung (5) einen anderen Öffnungsquerschnitt aufweist als die zweite Füllöffnung (4), vorzugsweise einen größeren.Masonry block (1) according to at least one of claims 3 to 5,
characterized in that
the first filling opening (5) has a different opening cross-section than the second filling opening (4), preferably a larger one. Mauer- oder Schalungsstein (1) nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
zwischen der ersten Füllöffnung (5) und der zweiten Füllöffnung (4) ein vorzugsweise quer zu der Sollbruchebene (SBE) gemäß Anspruch 2 verlaufender Steg (6) angeordnet ist.Masonry block (1) according to at least one of claims 3 to 6,
characterized in that
between the first filling opening (5) and the second filling opening (4) a preferably transverse to the predetermined breaking plane (SBE) according to claim 2 extending web (6) is arranged. Mauer- oder Schalungsstein (1) nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Steg (6) relativ zu einer Wandstärke die restliche Mauer- oder Schalungssteins (1), insbesondere dessen Außenwandungen (2a - 2d), relativ dünn ausgebildet ist.Masonry block (1) according to claim 7,
characterized in that
the web (6) relative to a wall thickness of the remaining wall or formwork block (1), in particular its outer walls (2 a - 2 d), is formed relatively thin. Mauer- oder Schalungsstein nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Steg (6) eine Dicke aufweist, die maximal 80 Prozent der Wandstärke der Außenwandungen (2a - 2d) beträgt.Masonry block according to claim 8,
characterized in that
the web (6) has a thickness that is at most 80 percent of the wall thickness of the outer walls (2a-2d). Mauer- oder Schalungsstein (1) nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 9,
gekennzeichnet durch
eine die Sollbruchebene (SBE) enthaltene Zwischenwand (3), welche wenigstens etwa die doppelte Wandstärke aufweist wie die Außenwandungen (2a - 2d) des Mauer- oder Schalungssteins (1) und welche eine Anzahl im Wesentlichen mittig angeordneter Durchbrüche (3') aufweist, die sich parallel zu der Sollbruchebene (SBE) erstrecken, um den Mauer- oder Schalungsstein (1) entlang der Sollbruchebene (SBE) teilbar zu machen.Masonry block (1) according to at least one of claims 2 to 9,
marked by
an intermediate wall (3) containing the predetermined breaking plane (SBE), which has at least approximately twice the wall thickness as the outer walls (2a-2d) of the masonry or shuttering brick (1) and which has a number of substantially centrally arranged openings (3 '), extending parallel to the predetermined breaking plane (SBE) to make the masonry or formwork block (1) along the predetermined breaking plane (SBE) divisible. Mauer- oder Schalungsstein (1) nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
seine Abmessungen in der Fläche sowie in der Höhe im Wesentlichen frei und vorzugsweise unkorreliert wählbar sind.Masonry block (1) according to at least one of claims 1 to 9,
characterized in that
Its dimensions in the area and in height are essentially freely and preferably uncorrelated selectable. Mauer- oder Schalungsstein (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
gekennzeichnet durch
zumindest ein zumindest teilweise innerhalb einer Außenwandung (2a - 2d) angeordnetes Isolierelement (7), das zu einer Umleitung eines Wärmeflusses vorgesehen ist.Masonry block (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
marked by
at least one at least partially within an outer wall (2a - 2d) arranged insulating element (7), which is provided for a diversion of a heat flow. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Innen- und Außenecken einer Mauerwandstruktur mit Mauer- oder Schalungssteinen (1) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche.Method for producing inner and outer corners of a wall wall structure with masonry or shuttering blocks (1) according to one of the preceding claims. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
der Mauer- oder Schalungsstein (1), der in einem Eckbereich einer Innen-oder Außenecke angeordnet wird, als ein Halbstein 1' oder als ein Eckstein ausgebildet ist.Method according to claim 13,
characterized in that
the masonry or formwork stone (1), which is arranged in a corner region of an inner or outer corner, as a half-stone 1 'or formed as a cornerstone.
EP11009891.0A 2010-12-15 2011-12-15 Wall or cladding stone Active EP2466026B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE202010016636U DE202010016636U1 (en) 2010-12-15 2010-12-15 Masonry or formwork stone

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EP2466026A3 EP2466026A3 (en) 2015-03-11
EP2466026B1 EP2466026B1 (en) 2018-01-31

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US1649367A (en) * 1926-02-20 1927-11-15 George D Reagan Building unit
US1969402A (en) * 1932-11-18 1934-08-07 Frederick T Heath Building block and wall construction
LU49639A1 (en) * 1965-10-15 1965-12-15
DE4409271A1 (en) * 1994-03-18 1995-09-21 Michael Dipl Ing Weber Square=section vertically=perforated brick
DE29609385U1 (en) * 1996-05-25 1996-08-14 Nikol Schaller Ziegelwerk Gmbh Lattice brick
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DE102014107854B4 (en) * 2014-06-04 2016-09-22 Führer Exklusivfenster - Türen- Sonnenschutz Gmbh Form stone and solid insulation stone

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