EP2464835B1 - Variable valve train for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves - Google Patents
Variable valve train for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2464835B1 EP2464835B1 EP10760231.0A EP10760231A EP2464835B1 EP 2464835 B1 EP2464835 B1 EP 2464835B1 EP 10760231 A EP10760231 A EP 10760231A EP 2464835 B1 EP2464835 B1 EP 2464835B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cam
- switching
- valve train
- sleeves
- disposed
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
- F01L13/0042—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams being profiled in axial and radial direction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
- F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
Definitions
- the invention relates to a variable valve train for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves with the features mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
- the disadvantage here is the high space requirement, which is needed to adjust the cam carrier. These solutions are therefore only applicable at relatively large cylinder spacings to accommodate the corresponding components can. Another disadvantage is the high mass forces that occur during the adjustment process, which are needed to move the cam carrier or the adjusting organs. Switching over to a corresponding cam contour can only be done in a cylinder-selective manner. Valve-selective switching is not possible.
- the DE 100 54 623 A1 describes a device for switching a cam carrier on a camshaft for actuating gas exchange valves, in which the cam carrier is guided axially displaceably on the camshaft. According to the position of the cam carrier, the gas exchange valve is in operative connection with different cam contours.
- the control element is a radially outwardly displaceable pin, which is connected to at least two in a by about 180 ° around the cam carrier arranged around guide part formed link tracks in the extended state cooperates.
- a disadvantage of this solution in addition to the additional space for the guide member is that extended to switch to another cam contour of the pin from the camshaft and must be meshed in an axially displaceable shift gate. After switching, the pin must be retracted. This design is very part and production-consuming and there is a risk of damage to the camshaft by faulty circuits of the pin.
- Another disadvantage is that the motor speed is limited by the necessary actuating time of the pin. In addition, the adjustment depends on the existing oil pressure.
- the disadvantage of this solution is that only a plurality of cam carriers arranged on the cam carrier can be moved simultaneously by the axial displacement of the adjusting. A different circuit of individual cam carriers on a camshaft is not possible.
- Another disadvantage is that at a switching position in which an outer cam is engaged with the gas exchange valves, the spring element is constantly stretched. As a result, high lateral frictional forces occur between the driving piece and the guideway arranged on the adjusting member. An increased wear and associated possible faulty circuits are the result.
- a further disadvantage is that the acting spring forces must be set accurately to faulty circuits, in particular when switching back to the central cam profile with three different cam profiles, to avoid.
- valve train for actuating gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines.
- the displacement of the cam carrier for valve switching on the camshaft tube is effected by a rotatable switching shaft arranged in the interior of the camshaft tube.
- the switching shaft is provided with a switching contour having an axial slope.
- a switching ball is guided, which is mounted in a bore of a switching shaft surrounding the axially displaceable shift sleeve.
- the switching sleeve is connected via a driver with the cam carrier in operative connection.
- the invention has for its object to provide a variable valve train for actuating gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines, which is characterized by a simplified structure while reducing the friction forces occurring.
- the valve drive according to the invention for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves consists of a driven by a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine camshaft, which is formed of a plurality of individual mutually axially displaceable cam sleeves.
- On each cam sleeve several different cam profiles are arranged with the same base circle section, which can be brought by displacement of the individual cam sleeves with the gas exchange valves engaged.
- a co-rotating with the cam sleeves switching shaft is arranged, which is connected via a switching ball with the respective cam sleeve in operative connection.
- the switching balls are each fixedly mounted in each cam sleeve and sliding in a arranged on the switching shaft switching contour.
- the switching shaft is connected via a gear with a non-rotatably on the cam sleeve but axially displaceable sliding piece.
- a fixedly arranged on the housing of the internal combustion engine actuator can be brought into operative connection with the sliding piece for generating a Relatiwerpitung the shift shaft relative to the cam sleeves.
- the advantage of the solution according to the invention consists in a simple design of the actuator for safe valve switching between different cam profiles of the camshaft at the same time the friction occurring between the individual components has been reduced.
- FIG. 1 a portion of a valve train of an internal combustion engine.
- the valve drive for actuating gas exchange valves consists of a driven by a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine camshaft, which is formed of a plurality of individual mutually axially displaceable cam sleeves 7.
- Each cylinder of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine is associated with an axially displaceable cam sleeve 7, with which, according to the embodiment, two gas exchange valves of a cylinder through the both arranged on the cam sleeve 7 cam profiles 9 can be operated.
- the cam sleeve 7 has at a same base circle portion 10 a plurality of differently shaped cam profiles 9a, 9b and 9c, which are brought to Ventilhubumsciens either by moving the cam sleeve 7 respectively directly or via non-illustrated intermediate members with a respective gas exchange valve in contact.
- each cam sleeve 7 has two cam profiles 9, each having a small cam profile 9a, a central cam profile 9b and a large cam profile 9c for actuating the two gas exchange valves.
- the cam profiles 9 of each cam sleeve 7 are formed from only two or more than three different sized cam profiles. To achieve a phase shift between the different cam profiles 9a, 9b and 9c, the curves of the cam profiles 9a, 9b and 9c can be arranged offset to one another.
- the individual mutually axially displaceable cam sleeves 7 are connected to each other by an axially extending toothing 8.
- the cam sleeves 7 are formed such that the teeth 8 of the respectively adjacent cam sleeves 7a and 7b are formed engaging one another. This ensures that the individual cam sleeves 7 are mutually axially displaceable and rotatably connected to each other.
- a switching shaft 1 is arranged, which rotates, except during the switching process, synchronously with the cam sleeves 7.
- Each cam sleeve 7 is connected via a switching ball 3 with the switching shaft 1 in operative connection.
- the switching ball 3 is slidably mounted in a hemispherically shaped receptacle of the respective cam sleeve 7 and in a arranged on the switching shaft 1 switching contour 2.
- the arranged on the surface of the switching shaft 1 for each cam sleeve 7 switching contour 2 is provided with an axial slope. Due to the axial slope is formed on the surface of the switching shaft 1, a spirally formed switching contour 2, the respective beginning of the switching shaft 1, according to the axial displacements of the individual switching sleeves 7, equal or circumferentially offset from one another.
- the individual axial slopes of the arranged for each cam sleeve 7 switching contour 2 on the circumference of the switching shaft 1 are arranged offset from each other.
- this variant is shown. With a simultaneous axial displacement the individual cam sleeves 7 are the individual axial slopes of the arranged for each cam sleeve 7 switching contour 2 on the circumference of the switching shaft 1 in the same axial plane.
- the shift shaft 1 is according to FIG. 1 connected via a threaded spindle 4 with a cam sleeve 7 on a rotationally fixed but axially displaceable sliding piece 5.
- the connection between cam sleeve 7 and sliding piece 5 takes place via an intermeshing axial toothing 13.
- the threaded spindle 4 of the switching shaft 1 is formed as a helical toothing and engages in the correspondingly formed toothing of the sliding piece 5 a.
- the sliding piece 5 can be brought into operative connection with a housing of the internal combustion engine firmly connected actuator 6.
- a pin 11 arranged on the actuator 6 engages in the contour 12 arranged on the circumference of the displacement piece 5.
- the sliding piece 5 is displaceable axially on the first cam sleeve 7 in both directions according to the double arrow shown in the drawing.
- FIG. 2 is a variant of the connection of the switching shaft 1 with the on a cam sleeve 7 axially displaceable sliding piece 5 shown.
- the connection of the shift shaft 1 with the sliding piece 5 takes place here via a cam mechanism.
- the cam mechanism consists of a arranged on the circumference of the switching shaft 1 switching contour 14 in the sliding a switching ball 15 is mounted, which in turn is mounted in a arranged on the inner circumference of the sliding piece 5 hemispherical receptacle.
- the displacement of the sliding piece 5 is also effected by an actuator 6.
- variable valve train for realizing a changeover between the different cam profiles 9a, 9b and 9c is as follows.
- the cam sleeves 7, the control shaft 1 and the displacement piece 5 rotate at synchronous speed.
- the actuator 6 is not engaged with the sliding piece 5.
- a changeover to another cam profile can only be performed when the base circle portion 10 is in engagement with the gas exchange valve or the intermediate member.
- the actuator 6 is activated by a corresponding control and brought into engagement with the sliding piece 5. In the described embodiment, this takes place in that a pin 11 is extended in the direction of the sliding piece 5 and engages in the contour 12 arranged on the circumference of the sliding piece 5.
- the sliding piece 5 is displaced axially on the cam sleeve 7 by the pin 11 sliding in the contour 12 to the right or to the left, according to the switching operation to be carried out.
- the axial movement of the sliding piece 5 is translated into a rotation of the switching shaft 1. Due to the relative rotation of the switching ball 3 slides in the path of the switching contour 2.
- the switching contours 2 According to the realized relative rotation and the execution of each with each cam sleeve 7 via the switching balls 3 operatively connected switching contours 2 is a axial displacement of the cam sleeves 7 against each other and thus switching between the individual cam profiles 9a, 9b and 9c.
- the displacement of the sliding piece 5 can also be effected, for example, by an actuator 6 that acts magnetically on the sliding piece 5.
- the advantage of the solution according to the invention consists in a simple and small construction of the valve train, can be realized with the variably adapted for the engine valve lift switching.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen variablen Ventiltrieb für Brennkraftmaschinen zur Betätigung von Gaswechselventilen mit den im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 genannten Merkmalen.The invention relates to a variable valve train for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves with the features mentioned in the preamble of
Es ist bekannt, Gaswechselventile einer Brennkraftmaschine variabel mit unterschiedlichen Öffnungs- und Schließzeitpunkten sowie mit unterschiedlichen Ventilöffnungshüben zu betreiben. Eine derartige Ventilsteuerung ist aus der
Nachteilig ist dabei der hohe Bauraumbedarf, der zur Verstellung des Nockenträgers benötigt wird. Diese Lösungen sind deshalb nur einsetzbar bei verhältnismäßig großen Zylinderabständen, um die entsprechenden Bauteile unterbringen zu können. Ein weiterer Nachteil sind die beim Stellvorgang auftretenden hohen Massenkräfte, die zum Verschieben der Nockenträger oder der Verstellorgane benötigt werden. Die Umschaltung auf eine entsprechende Nockenkontur kann nur zylinderselektiv erfolgen. Eine ventilselektive Umschaltung ist nicht möglich.The disadvantage here is the high space requirement, which is needed to adjust the cam carrier. These solutions are therefore only applicable at relatively large cylinder spacings to accommodate the corresponding components can. Another disadvantage is the high mass forces that occur during the adjustment process, which are needed to move the cam carrier or the adjusting organs. Switching over to a corresponding cam contour can only be done in a cylinder-selective manner. Valve-selective switching is not possible.
Die
Ein Nachteil dieser Lösung besteht neben dem zusätzlichen Bauraum für das Führungsteil darin, dass zum Umschalten auf eine andere Nockenkontur der Pin aus der Nockenwelle ausgefahren und in eine axial verschiebbare Schaltkulisse eingespurt werden muss. Nach dem Schaltvorgang muss der Pin wieder eingefahren werden. Diese Konstruktion ist sehr teile- und fertigungsaufwendig und es besteht die Gefahr von Schäden an der Nockenwelle durch Fehlschaltungen des Pins. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, dass durch die notwendige Stellzeit des Pins die Motordrehzahl begrenzt wird. Außerdem ist die Verstellung abhängig von dem jeweils vorhandenen Öldruck.A disadvantage of this solution, in addition to the additional space for the guide member is that extended to switch to another cam contour of the pin from the camshaft and must be meshed in an axially displaceable shift gate. After switching, the pin must be retracted. This design is very part and production-consuming and there is a risk of damage to the camshaft by faulty circuits of the pin. Another disadvantage is that the motor speed is limited by the necessary actuating time of the pin. In addition, the adjustment depends on the existing oil pressure.
Weiterhin ist aus der
Der Nachteil dieser Lösung besteht darin, dass durch die axiale Verschiebung des Verstellorgans nur mehrere auf der Nockenwelle angeordnete Nockenträger gleichzeitig verschoben werden können. Eine unterschiedliche Schaltung von einzelnen Nockenträgern auf einer Nockenwelle ist nicht möglich. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, dass bei einer Schaltposition, bei der ein äußerer Nocken im Eingriff mit den Gaswechselventilen steht, das Federelement ständig gespannt ist. Dadurch treten hohe seitliche Reibkräfte zwischen dem Mitnehmerstück und der auf dem Verstellorgan angeordneten Führungsbahn auf. Ein erhöhter Verschleiß und damit verbundene eventuelle Fehlschaltungen sind die Folge. Nachteilig ist weiterhin, dass die wirkenden Federkräfte genau eingestellt werden müssen, um Fehlschaltungen, insbesondere bei Rückschaltung auf das mittlere Nockenprofil bei drei unterschiedlichen Nockenprofilen, zu vermeiden.The disadvantage of this solution is that only a plurality of cam carriers arranged on the cam carrier can be moved simultaneously by the axial displacement of the adjusting. A different circuit of individual cam carriers on a camshaft is not possible. Another disadvantage is that at a switching position in which an outer cam is engaged with the gas exchange valves, the spring element is constantly stretched. As a result, high lateral frictional forces occur between the driving piece and the guideway arranged on the adjusting member. An increased wear and associated possible faulty circuits are the result. A further disadvantage is that the acting spring forces must be set accurately to faulty circuits, in particular when switching back to the central cam profile with three different cam profiles, to avoid.
Durch die
Durch die Anordnung einer Schalthülse zwischen der Schaltwelle und dem Nockenwellenrohr treten zusätzlich zu überwindende Reibungskräfte auf. Außerdem ist die Lösung durch die Anordnung der Schalthülse sehr teileaufwändig.By arranging a shift sleeve between the shift shaft and the camshaft tube occur in addition to overcoming friction forces. In addition, the solution is very expensive due to the arrangement of the switching sleeve.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen variablen Ventiltrieb zur Betätigung von Gaswechselventilen von Brennkraftmaschinen zu schaffen, der sich durch einen vereinfachten Aufbau bei gleichzeitiger Reduzierung der auftretenden Reibungskräfte auszeichnet.The invention has for its object to provide a variable valve train for actuating gas exchange valves of internal combustion engines, which is characterized by a simplified structure while reducing the friction forces occurring.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst.According to the invention the object is achieved by the features of
Der erfindungsgemäße Ventiltrieb für Verbrennungskraftmaschinen zur Betätigung von Gaswechselventilen besteht aus einer von einer Kurbelwelle der Verbrennungskraftmaschine angetriebenen Nockenwelle, die aus mehreren einzelnen gegeneinander axial verschiebbaren Nockenhülsen gebildet wird. Die Verbindung der einzelnen separat gegeneinander verschiebbaren Nockenhülsen miteinander erfolgt über eine axial verlaufende Verzahnung, wobei die Verzahnungen der jeweils benachbarten Nockenhülsen ineinander eingreifend ausgebildet sind. Auf jeder Nockenhülse sind mehrere unterschiedliche Nockenprofile mit gleichem Grundkreisabschnitt angeordnet, die durch Verschiebung der einzelnen Nockenhülsen mit den Gaswechselventilen in Eingriff gebracht werden können. Im Inneren der Nockenhülsen ist eine sich mit den Nockenhülsen mitdrehende Schaltwelle angeordnet, die über eine Schaltkugel mit der jeweiligen Nockenhülse in Wirkverbindung steht. Die Schaltkugeln sind jeweils fest in jeder Nockenhülse und gleitend in einer auf der Schaltwelle angeordneten Schaltkontur gelagert. Die Schaltwelle ist über ein Getriebe mit einem auf der Nockenhülse drehfest aber axial verschiebbaren Verschiebestück verbunden. Ein fest an dem Gehäuse der Verbrennungskraftmaschine angeordneter Aktuator ist mit dem Verschiebestück zur Erzeugung einer Relatiwerdrehung der Schaltwelle gegenüber den Nockenhülsen in Wirkverbindung bringbar.The valve drive according to the invention for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves consists of a driven by a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine camshaft, which is formed of a plurality of individual mutually axially displaceable cam sleeves. The connection of the individual mutually displaceable cam sleeves with each other via an axially extending teeth, wherein the teeth of the respective adjacent cam sleeves are formed engaging one another. On each cam sleeve several different cam profiles are arranged with the same base circle section, which can be brought by displacement of the individual cam sleeves with the gas exchange valves engaged. In the interior of the cam sleeves a co-rotating with the cam sleeves switching shaft is arranged, which is connected via a switching ball with the respective cam sleeve in operative connection. The switching balls are each fixedly mounted in each cam sleeve and sliding in a arranged on the switching shaft switching contour. The switching shaft is connected via a gear with a non-rotatably on the cam sleeve but axially displaceable sliding piece. A fixedly arranged on the housing of the internal combustion engine actuator can be brought into operative connection with the sliding piece for generating a Relatiwerdrehung the shift shaft relative to the cam sleeves.
Der Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung besteht in einem einfachen Aufbau der Betätigungsvorrichtung zur sicheren Ventilumschaltung zwischen unterschiedlichen Nockenprofilen der Nockenwelle bei der gleichzeitig die zwischen den einzelnen Bauteilen auftretende Reibung reduziert wurde.The advantage of the solution according to the invention consists in a simple design of the actuator for safe valve switching between different cam profiles of the camshaft at the same time the friction occurring between the individual components has been reduced.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben, sie werden in der Beschreibung zusammen mit ihren Wirkungen erläutert.Further advantageous embodiments are described in the subclaims, they are explained in the description together with their effects.
Anhand von Zeichnungen wird die Erfindung nachfolgend an Ausführungsbeispielen näher beschrieben. In den dazugehörigen Zeichnungen zeigen:
- Fig. 1:
- eine Schnittdarstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung und
- Fig. 2:
- eine Variante der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung als Einzelheit in einer Halbschnittdarstellung.
- Fig. 1:
- a sectional view of the solution according to the invention and
- Fig. 2:
- a variant of the solution according to the invention as a detail in a half-sectional view.
In der
Die einzelnen gegeneinander axial verschiebbaren Nockenhülsen 7 sind miteinander durch eine axial verlaufende Verzahnung 8 verbunden. Dabei sind die Nockenhülsen 7 derart ausgebildet, dass die Verzahnung 8 der jeweils benachbarten Nockenhülsen 7a und 7 b ineinander eingreifend ausgebildet sind. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass die einzelnen Nockenhülsen 7 gegeneinander axial verschiebbar und drehfest miteinander verbunden sind. Innerhalb der Nockenhülsen 7 ist eine Schaltwelle 1 angeordnet, die sich, außer während des Schaltprozesses, synchron mit den Nockenhülsen 7 mitdreht. Jede Nockenhülse 7 steht über eine Schaltkugel 3 mit der Schaltwelle 1 in Wirkverbindung. Die Schaltkugel 3 ist in einer halbkugelförmig ausgebildeten Aufnahme der jeweiligen Nockenhülse 7 und in einer auf der Schaltwelle 1 angeordneten Schaltkontur 2 gleitend gelagert. Die auf der Oberfläche der Schaltwelle 1 für jede Nockenhülse 7 angeordnete Schaltkontur 2 ist mit einer axialen Steigung versehen. Durch die axiale Steigung entsteht auf der Oberfläche der Schaltwelle 1 eine spiralförmig ausgebildete Schaltkontur 2, deren jeweiliger Beginn auf der Schaltwelle 1, entsprechend den vorzunehmenden axialen Verschiebungen der einzelnen Schalthülsen 7, gleich oder am Umfang versetzt zueinander angeordnet ist. Bei einer nacheinander durchzuführenden axialen Verschiebung der einzelnen Nockenhülsen 7 sind die einzelnen axialen Steigungen der für jede Nockenhülse 7 angeordneten Schaltkontur 2 am Umfang der Schaltwelle 1 zueinander versetzt angeordnet. In der
Die Schaltwelle 1 ist gemäß
In der
Die Funktion des variablen Ventiltriebs zur Realisierung einer Umschaltung zwischen den unterschiedlichen Nockenprofilen 9a, 9b und 9c ist folgende.The function of the variable valve train for realizing a changeover between the
Während des Eingriffes beispielsweise der mittleren Nockenprofile 9b der Nockenhülse 7a mit den Gaswechselventilen drehen sich die Nockenhülsen 7, die Schaltwelle 1 und das Verschiebestück 5 mit synchroner Drehzahl. Der Aktuator 6 steht nicht im Eingriff mit dem Verschiebestück 5. Eine Umschaltung zu einem andern Nockenprofil kann nur durchgeführt werden, wenn sich der Grundkreisabschnitt 10 im Eingriff mit dem Gaswechselventil bzw. dem Zwischenglied befindet. Zur Umschaltung des Eingriffes des Nockenprofils 9b auf das Gaswechselventil zu dem Nockenprofil 9a oder zu dem Nockenprofil 9c wird der Aktuator 6 durch eine entsprechende Ansteuerung aktiviert und mit dem Verschiebestück 5 in Eingriff gebracht. In dem beschrieben Ausführungsbeispiel erfolgt das dadurch, dass ein Pin 11 in Richtung des Verschiebestücks 5 ausgefahren wird und in die am Umfang des Verschiebestücks 5 angeordnete Kontur 12 einrastet. Entsprechend des angesteuerten Pins 11 wird das Verschiebestück 5 durch den in der Kontur 12 gleitenden Pin 11 nach rechts oder nach links, gemäß dem vorzunehmenden Schaltvorgang, auf der Nockenhülse 7 axial verschoben. Über die Gewindespindel 4 gemäß
Die Verschiebung des Verschiebestücks 5 kann beispielsweise auch durch einen magnetisch auf das Verschiebestück 5 wirkenden Aktuator 6 erfolgen.The displacement of the sliding
Der Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung besteht in einem einfachen und klein bauenden Aufbau des Ventiltriebs, mit dem variabel für den Motor angepasste Ventilhubumschaltungen realisiert werden können.The advantage of the solution according to the invention consists in a simple and small construction of the valve train, can be realized with the variably adapted for the engine valve lift switching.
Claims (10)
- A variable valve train for actuating gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine, wherein a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine drives a camshaft, wherein the gas exchange valves can be engaged to different cam profiles by switching, characterized in that- a plurality of individual cam sleeves (7) are axially displaceable relative to one another and disposed so as to form the camshaft,- each of the plurality of individual cam sleeves (7) includes a plurality of different cam profiles (9a, 9b, 9c) each having a same base circle portion (10),- a switching shaft (1) is disposed inside the plurality of cam sleeves (7) and configured to rotate together with the plurality of cam sleeves (7),- each cam sleeve (7) is operatively connected by a switching ball (3) to a switching contour (2) disposed on the switching shaft (1),- a displacement piece (5) is disposed so as to be rotationally engaged but axially displaceable on one of the plurality of cam sleeves (7) and connected to the switching shaft (1),- for displacing the respective cam sleeve (7) by the switching ball, which slides in the switching contour (2) disposed on the switching shaft (1), the displacement piece (5) is operatively connectable to an actuator (6) to rotate the switching shaft (1) relative to the cam sleeves (7).
- A valve train according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of axially displaceable cam sleeves (7) are connected to each other by an axially extending toothing (8), in which the toothing (8) of the respective cam sleeves (7a, 7b), being disposed adjacent to one another, are formed to be interconnected.
- A valve train according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the actuator (6) is rigidly connected to a housing of the internal combustion engine.
- A valve train according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the switching contour (2) on the switching shaft (1) includes an axial inclination.
- A valve train according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the switching ball (3) is disposed in a hemispherical recess of the respective cam sleeve (7).
- A valve train according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that for a successive axial displacement of the respective cam sleeves (7) the respective axial inclinations of the switching contour (2) on the circumference of the switching shaft (1) for each cam sleeve (7) are displaced relative to each other.
- A valve train according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that for a simultaneous axial displacement of the respective cam sleeves (7) the respective axial inclinations of the switching contour (2) on the circumference of the switching shaft (1) for each cam sleeve (7) are disposed in a similar axial plane.
- A valve train according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the switching shaft (1) is connected to the displacement piece (5), which is disposed so as to be rotationally engaged but axially displaceable on one of the plurality of cam sleeves (7), via an elevating screw (4).
- A valve train according to claim 8, characterized in that the connection between the switching shaft (1) and the displacement piece (5) is carried out as a helical gearing.
- A valve train according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the switching shaft (1) is connected to the displacement piece (5), which is disposed so as to be rotationally engaged but axially displaceable on one of the plurality of cam sleeves (7), via a cam mechanism.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102009037268A DE102009037268B3 (en) | 2009-08-10 | 2009-08-10 | Variable valve drive for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves |
PCT/DE2010/000932 WO2011018075A2 (en) | 2009-08-10 | 2010-08-03 | Variable valve train for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2464835A2 EP2464835A2 (en) | 2012-06-20 |
EP2464835B1 true EP2464835B1 (en) | 2013-07-24 |
Family
ID=43530716
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10760231.0A Not-in-force EP2464835B1 (en) | 2009-08-10 | 2010-08-03 | Variable valve train for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8746195B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2464835B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5649239B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102009037268B3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011018075A2 (en) |
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DE102008029349A1 (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2009-12-24 | Daimler Ag | Valve drive device |
DE102008029325A1 (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2009-12-24 | Daimler Ag | Valve drive device |
DE102009037270B4 (en) | 2009-08-10 | 2011-04-07 | Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr | Valve train for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves |
DE102009037269B4 (en) | 2009-08-10 | 2011-06-01 | Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr | Valve train for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves |
DE102009037268B3 (en) | 2009-08-10 | 2011-04-07 | Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr | Variable valve drive for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves |
WO2011064845A1 (en) * | 2009-11-25 | 2011-06-03 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Variable valve gear for internal combustion engine |
JP5273257B2 (en) | 2009-11-25 | 2013-08-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Variable valve operating device for internal combustion engine |
DE102011011457A1 (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2012-08-23 | Daimler Ag | Internal combustion engine valve train device |
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DE102011108728B4 (en) | 2011-07-27 | 2013-02-07 | Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr | Valve train for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves |
DE102011054218B4 (en) * | 2011-10-06 | 2023-03-23 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Internal combustion engine and valve train for an internal combustion engine |
DE102011116117B4 (en) * | 2011-10-15 | 2023-11-09 | Mercedes-Benz Group AG | Valve drive device for an internal combustion engine |
DE102013005803A1 (en) | 2013-04-04 | 2014-10-09 | Daimler Ag | Valve train device for an internal combustion engine |
US9605603B2 (en) * | 2013-04-05 | 2017-03-28 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Position detection for lobe switching camshaft system |
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US20180094554A1 (en) * | 2016-10-05 | 2018-04-05 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Variable camshaft |
DE102017011855A1 (en) * | 2017-12-21 | 2019-06-27 | Daimler Ag | Valve train for an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle |
CN112096474B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2022-02-01 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Variable wrap angle combined camshaft, engine and automobile |
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DE102009037269B4 (en) * | 2009-08-10 | 2011-06-01 | Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr | Valve train for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves |
DE102009055868A1 (en) * | 2009-11-26 | 2011-06-01 | Neumayer Tekfor Holding Gmbh | camshaft |
DE102010011897B4 (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2016-08-25 | Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag | Valve gear with camshaft with axially displaceable cam unit |
DE102011108728B4 (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2013-02-07 | Iav Gmbh Ingenieurgesellschaft Auto Und Verkehr | Valve train for internal combustion engines for actuating gas exchange valves |
-
2009
- 2009-08-10 DE DE102009037268A patent/DE102009037268B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2010
- 2010-08-03 US US13/389,462 patent/US8746195B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-08-03 WO PCT/DE2010/000932 patent/WO2011018075A2/en active Application Filing
- 2010-08-03 JP JP2012524112A patent/JP5649239B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-08-03 EP EP10760231.0A patent/EP2464835B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2013501874A (en) | 2013-01-17 |
US8746195B2 (en) | 2014-06-10 |
EP2464835A2 (en) | 2012-06-20 |
US20120138001A1 (en) | 2012-06-07 |
WO2011018075A3 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
WO2011018075A2 (en) | 2011-02-17 |
DE102009037268B3 (en) | 2011-04-07 |
JP5649239B2 (en) | 2015-01-07 |
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