EP2461299B1 - Alarmvorrichtungsprüfung unter Verwendung von zeitcodierten akustischen Nachrichten - Google Patents

Alarmvorrichtungsprüfung unter Verwendung von zeitcodierten akustischen Nachrichten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2461299B1
EP2461299B1 EP11394025.8A EP11394025A EP2461299B1 EP 2461299 B1 EP2461299 B1 EP 2461299B1 EP 11394025 A EP11394025 A EP 11394025A EP 2461299 B1 EP2461299 B1 EP 2461299B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
processor
alarm device
alarm
testing device
acoustic
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EP11394025.8A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2461299A2 (de
EP2461299A3 (de
Inventor
Michael Byrne
Fergus Flynn
Brendan Barry
James Duignan
Michael Guinee
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EI Technology Ltd
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EI Technology Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B1/00—Systems for signalling characterised solely by the form of transmission of the signal
    • G08B1/08—Systems for signalling characterised solely by the form of transmission of the signal using electric transmission ; transformation of alarm signals to electrical signals from a different medium, e.g. transmission of an electric alarm signal upon detection of an audible alarm signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/12—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems
    • G08B29/14—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems checking the detection circuits
    • G08B29/145—Checking intermittently signalling or alarm systems checking the detection circuits of fire detection circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to alarm devices such as smoke alarm devices.
  • CA1,116,284 describes use of coded alarm signals in an alarm system in order to avoid interconnect wiring.
  • US2004/0217857 describes a smoke detector which provides an RF coded signal.
  • EP2003632 describes adjusting sensitivity of an acoustic sensor.
  • the invention is directed towards providing an improved interface for alarm devices to address these issues.
  • an alarm device as set out in claim 1.
  • the user interface is a test button
  • the processor is adapted to automatically generate the message upon user pressing of the test button.
  • the processor is adapted to automatically generate the message upon user pressing of the test button in a pre-defined pattern.
  • the pattern may be duration of pressing.
  • the user interface is a remote control interface.
  • the processor is adapted to generate the message after a pre-determined rise time.
  • the sound emitter is a piezo emitter.
  • the processor is adapted to time encode the message with a combination of a preset on duration and off duration being a binary 0, and a combination of a different preset on duration and off duration being a binary 1.
  • each of said durations is in the range of 5ms to 100ms.
  • the on duration is in the range of 10ms to 30ms and the off duration is in the range of 30ms to 50ms.
  • the processor is adapted to frequency encode the information, and frequency levels are in the range of 2000 Hz and 4000Hz, and the time ranges for frequency levels are in the range of 10ms to 50ms.
  • the device comprises a sound detector, and the processor is adapted to receive acoustic messages and to decode them.
  • the detector is a piezo disc adapted to act as a tuned microphone.
  • the piezo disc is tuned at a frequency in the range of 2000Hz to 3500Hz.
  • the processor is adapted to receive said acoustic messages on installation, and to store data encoded in the messages.
  • the information includes an alarm device serial number.
  • the processor is adapted to act upon decoded information received in said acoustic messages.
  • the invention provides an alarm system as set out in claim 10.
  • the system comprises a central host for communicating with the testing device and receiving and storing status data uploaded by the testing device.
  • At least one of the testing devices is adapted to generate acoustic signals to communicate information to an alarm device, and at least some of said alarm devices comprise a sound detector and the processor is adapted to decode received acoustic signals.
  • the testing device processor is adapted to generate a user alert according to decoded messages.
  • said processor is adapted to generate a user instruction according to the decoded messages.
  • the testing device comprises a camera
  • the processor is adapted to generate a user instruction to capture an image of an alarm device, and to correlate a captured image with decoded data for a particular alarm device to provide a test record.
  • the testing device sound detector comprises two or more microphones and the testing device processor is adapted to extract information from the signals received at all of said microphones.
  • the invention provides a method of testing an alarm device as set out in claim 17.
  • the testing device uploads the status data to a remote host.
  • the testing device comprises a camera
  • the testing device processor generates a user instruction to capture an image and subsequently correlates a captured image of the alarm device with the associated status data.
  • the testing device sound detector comprises two or more microphones and the testing device processor is adapted to extract information from the signals at long range, and/or in noisy environments, and/or in areas with multiple paths that would smear the sound received by one microphone.
  • an interface 1 for a smoke alarm device comprises a microprocessor 2, and transistors 3 and 4 controlling a horn 5.
  • the horn is conventional.
  • the microprocessor 2 is programmed to generate a test output record including various items of data such as the device's serial number, the battery level, a contamination level if it is an optical alarm, an event log, and an installation date. This information is encoded by control of the transistors 3 and 4 in an acoustic output from the piezo horn using an encoding technique akin to Morse code.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of how the information can be encoded, with a 40 ms sound pulse followed by a 20 ms off period indicating a '1' and a 20 ms sound pulse followed by a 40 ms off period indicating a '0'.
  • These pulses are generated by turning transistor 4 ON and OFF as appropriate with the drive from the microprocessor as shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the transistor 3 is configured to let the piezoelectric disc self resonate at its natural frequency, which is typically 3000 Hz for smoke and CO alarms.
  • Fig. 2 shows the modulation scheme; period 60 ms, with a 0 being 20 ms on and 40 ms off and a 1 being 40 ms on and 20 ms off.
  • the piezo disc (and hence the emitted sound) response/decay time is of the order of 3 ms, hence the minimum piezo on time is set to 20 ms. This is shown in Fig. 3 .
  • Fig. 4 shows a bit pattern of one embodiment
  • Fig. 5 shows a data packet.
  • a typical message includes preamble/start bits, serial number, contamination level, battery, voltage, event log information (about 60 bits are available with a 4 second message).
  • An alternative scheme is to use frequency modulation instead of, or in addition to, time-based "on-off" modulation.
  • the frequency could typically be changed by 400 Hz i.e. for a piezoelectric disc with a natural resonant frequency of 3000 Hz the modulation would be 2800 Hz and 3200 Hz.
  • the coding scheme may be for example :2800 Hz for 40 ms followed by 3200 for 20 ms could represent '1' and 2800 for 20 ms followed by 3200 Hz for 40 would be removed.
  • the emitter of the transistor 3 would be connected to 0 Volts instead.
  • the base of transistor 3 would be disconnected from the piezo disc feedback terminal.
  • the data is decoded by any electronic device having a microphone and a processing capability, such as a PDA, a laptop computer, or even a mobile phone. If the device has a camera then it could both capture the acoustic signal and take an image of the alarm device to provide a more comprehensive record. In one example, a mobile phone downloads over a mobile network an application to do this processing.
  • the installer would plug into a socket in the rear of the alarm device and enter the smoke alarm's serial number for that residence (9 digits max, for example), the date of installation, and a code for the location (for example, room) of the alarm.
  • a test button (not shown) upon which the microprocessor 1 generates the acoustic signal with the audit data as it is programmed to do.
  • This acoustic signal is captured by the user device. It may be decoded locally by the device, and the decoded data may be uploaded to a remote host. Alternatively a representation of the acoustic signal may be uploaded to a central host for decoding and further processing and storage.
  • the horn will send out a coded signal with information such as the following. This could be done immediately, or 5 seconds after the horn has reached full volume.
  • the "Unit Status" is to allow very rapid testing because with a good smoke alarm, the serial number and the "Test OK" is received by the checker in less than 1 second. This time is important because a checker is expected to check hundreds of smoke alarms in a day and time is of the essence. The vast majority of units will be "Test OK", with much less than 1% requiring further analysis and therefore the additional bits to be decoded which can take about 4 seconds.
  • the person presses the test button of the alarm device and holds the testing device near the alarm device to pick up the sound.
  • the testing device shows the above items on a display and/or transmits them to a web site or company database. This proves the alarm device has been inspected and tested.
  • the testing device can also tell the checker what to do, for example, replace battery or replace alarm device, or clean alarm device. Or if it had been "false" alarming, ask the checker if it could it be steam from a shower, or if it could be cooking fumes from a kitchen. It then generates an output indicating the appropriate action to take.
  • the checker could be asked if the alarm device is clean or has contamination, and if so, the type of contamination e.g. cobwebs or grease, and to key this information in.
  • the checker could be asked to photograph the unit within a time duration of say 30 seconds of testing, hence providing a visual record of the state of cleanliness of the alarm device at that time.
  • the checker could be a building resident, with a maintenance company operator only checking it every second year or every 5 years for example. If there is a fault or alarm and the resident contacts the maintenance company for a call out - the resident could be asked to hold the phone near the alarm, so the issue could be diagnosed remotely and the tenant then advised what to do.
  • the testing (for example annually, as required by the legislation in some countries) can be done very quickly.
  • the button When the button is pressed the horn sound is low (to protect the tester's ears) and on release it gives out the full digital information. Alternatively, it may only give out the digital information if the button is held for 1.5 seconds; or possibly if the button is pressed twice in 3 seconds, for example.
  • the results would be shown immediately by the logging device, with a simple pleasant sound ("ding") indicating a pass and a raucous sound indicating a fail.
  • the acoustic link could also be used just to analyse suspect units that fail a basic button test, if there was insufficient time to analyse all units.
  • a unique serial number (using for example 20 bits) may be pre-programmed into the alarm device at manufacture. This can then be associated with the address and room where it is installed, by interfacing with the installer's database. Alternatively, a serial number could be programmed into the unit at installation, using a socket in the rear of the unit. Having a unique serial number greatly helps with the tracking of smoke alarm devices - the devices can be sent back to the manufacturer for analysis and the subsequent report will clearly identify the unit and allow the maintenance company to relate it to the apartment from which it was removed. For example, if the unit was heavily contaminated or damaged, and it was clear that this was caused by a tenant, then the tenant (or landlord) could be billed for the replacement costs of fitting a new unit.
  • Such communication could also be used during testing to for example reset the event log.
  • the checker's PDA device receives a serial number and a "status OK" message, it could immediately send back an acoustic message to get the smoke alarm to reset its event log and for it to record that it had been tested by an official checker.
  • the invention allows very fast and convenient testing of alarm devices, with minimum additional cost or complexity. It makes use of existing hardware components in many conventional alarm devices, and indeed in user devices such as mobile phones in various embodiments.
  • the testing device may include two or more microphones, to generate stereo signals. This would assist with decoding the acoustic signals at long range, and/or in a multipath environment.
  • the signal processing can be used to make the microphone assembly directional as is well known.
  • the signal processing could also be used to mimic the signal processing done by a human being, where the signals from the two ears are used to decode conversations even in noisy environments.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Alarmgerät, das Folgendes umfasst:
    eine Benutzeroberfläche,
    einen Prozessor (2), ausgelegt zum Speichern von Gerätestatusinformationen, und
    einen Tonstrahler (5),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der Prozessor (2) zum Erzeugen einer akustischen Statusmeldung durch automatisches Codieren wenigstens einiger binärer codierter Statusinformationen im Ausgang des Tonstrahlers (5) nach dem Erkennen einer Benutzeranweisung an einer Benutzeroberfläche ausgelegt ist, wobei die genannten Informationen eine Batteriezustandsanzeige und Alarmereignisdaten beinhalten,
    wobei das Codieren für maschinelles Decodieren geeignetes Zeit- oder Frequenzcodieren ist.
  2. Alarmgerät nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Benutzeroberfläche eine Prüftaste ist und der Prozessor (2) zum automatischen Erzeugen der Meldung nach dem Drücken der Prüftaste durch den Benutzer ausgelegt ist.
  3. Alarmgerät nach Anspruch 2, wobei der Prozessor (2) zum automatischen Erzeugen der Meldung nach dem Drücken der Prüftaste durch den Benutzer in einem vordefinierten Muster wie Drückdauer ausgelegt ist.
  4. Alarmgerät nach einem vorherigen Anspruch, wobei der Prozessor zum Einbeziehen einer Geräteseriennummer und/oder eines Sensorverschmutzungsgrads und/oder eines Datums der Alarmgeräteinstallation in die Meldung ausgelegt ist.
  5. Alarmgerät nach einem vorherigen Anspruch, wobei der Prozessor zum Zeitcodieren der Meldung mit einer Kombination aus einer voreingestellten Einschaltdauer und Ausschaltdauer als binäre 0 und einer Kombination aus einer anderen voreingestellten Einschaltdauer und Ausschaltdauer als binäre 1 ausgelegt ist, wobei jede der genannten Dauern im Bereich von 5 ms bis 100 ms liegt.
  6. Alarmgerät nach einem vorherigen Anspruch, wobei der Prozessor zum Frequenzcodieren der Informationen ausgelegt ist und Frequenzniveaus im Bereich von 2000 Hz und 4000 Hz liegen und die Zeitbereiche für Frequenzniveaus im Bereich von 10 ms bis 50 ms liegen.
  7. Alarmgerät nach einem vorherigen Anspruch, wobei das Gerät einen Tondetektor umfasst und der Prozessor zum Empfangen akustischer Meldungen und zum Decodieren derselben ausgelegt ist.
  8. Alarmgerät nach Anspruch 7, wobei der Detektor eine Piezoscheibe ist, die zum Dienen als abgestimmtes Mikrofon ausgelegt ist.
  9. Alarmgerät nach Anspruch 7 oder 8, wobei der Prozessor zum Empfangen der genannten akustischen Meldungen bei Installation oder Herstellung und zum Speichern von in den Meldungen codierten Daten ausgelegt ist, und wobei die Informationen eine Alarmgeräteseriennummer beinhalten.
  10. Alarmsystem mit mindestens einem Alarmgerät nach Anspruch 1, wobei:
    ein Prüfgerätemikrofon zum Abnehmen der akustischen Meldung ausgelegt ist,
    ein Prüfgeräteprozessor zum Decodieren der genannten akustischen Meldung ausgelegt ist, um Alarmgerätezustandsdaten zu bestimmen, und zum Erzeugen eines Benutzerstatusausgangs ausgelegt ist, und
    das Prüfgerät ein tragbares Elektronikgerät mit einem Mikrofon umfasst, dessen Prozessor zum Decodieren von von dem Mikrofon abgenommenen akustischen Signalen programmiert ist.
  11. System nach Anspruch 10, wobei das System einen zentralen Host zum Kommunizieren mit dem Prüfgerät und zum Empfangen und Speichern von von dem Prüfgerät heraufgeladenen Statusdaten umfasst.
  12. System nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, wobei des Prüfgerät ein PDA, ein Laptop-Computer oder ein Mobiltelefon ist.
  13. System nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 12, wobei wenigstens ein Alarmgerät einen Tondetektor umfasst und der Prozessor zum Decodieren empfangener akustischer Signale ausgelegt ist und das Prüfgerät zum Erzeugen akustischer Signale ausgelegt ist, um Informationen an das genannte Alarmgerät zu übermitteln.
  14. System nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 13, wobei der Prüfgeräteprozessor zum Erzeugen einer Benutzeralarmierung oder von Anweisungen gemäß decodierten Meldungen ausgelegt ist.
  15. System nach Anspruch 14, wobei das Prüfgerät eine Kamera umfasst und der Prozessor zum Erzeugen einer Benutzeranweisung zum Aufnehmen eines Bildes eines Alarmgeräts und zum Korrelieren eines aufgenommenen Bildes mit decodierten Daten für ein bestimmtes Alarmgerät ausgelegt ist, um einen Prüfdatensatz bereitzustellen.
  16. System nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 15, wobei der Tondetektor des Prüfgeräts zwei oder mehr Mikrofone umfasst und der Prüfgeräteprozessor zum Extrahieren von Informationen aus den an allen genannten Mikrofonen empfangenen Signalen ausgelegt ist.
  17. Verfahren zum Prüfen eines Alarmgeräts mit einer Benutzeroberfläche, einem Tonstrahler und einem Prozessor, ausgelegt zum Erzeugen einer akustischen Statusmeldung durch Steuerung des Tonstrahlers, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte beinhaltet:
    Empfangen einer Benutzerprüfanweisung durch den Alarmgeräteprozessor,
    automatisches Codieren, durch den Alarmgeräteprozessor, im Tonstrahlerausgang, wenigstens einiger binärer codierter Statusinformationen, um eine akustische Statusmeldung bereitzustellen, wobei die genannten Informationen eine Batteriezustandsanzeige und Alarmereignisdaten beinhalten, und
    ein Prüfgerätemikrofon, das die akustische Meldung abnimmt,
    einen Prüfgeräteprozessor, der die genannte akustische Meldung decodiert, um Alarmgerätestatusdaten zu bestimmen, und einen Benutzerstatusausgang erzeugt, wobei das genannte Prüfgerät ein tragbares Elektronikgerät mit dem genannten Mikrofon und dem genannten Prozessor umfasst, wobei der genannte Prozessor zum Durchführen der genannten Decodierung programmiert ist.
  18. Verfahren nach Anspruch 17, wobei das Prüfgerät die Statusdaten auf einen fernen Host herauflädt.
  19. Verfahren nach Anspruch 17 oder 18, wobei das Prüfgerät eine Kamera umfasst und der Prüfgeräteprozessor eine Benutzeranweisung zum Aufnehmen eines Bildes erzeugt und nachfolgend ein aufgenommenes Bild des Alarmgeräts mit den assoziierten Zustandsdaten korreliert.
  20. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 17 bis 19, wobei der Prüfgeräte-Tondetektor zwei oder mehr Mikrofone umfasst und der Prüfgeräteprozessor zum Extrahieren von Informationen aus den Signalen bei großer Entfernung und/oder in verrauschten Umgebungen und/oder in Bereichen mit mehreren Pfaden ausgelegt ist, die den von einem Mikrofon empfangenen Ton verzerren würden.
EP11394025.8A 2010-12-06 2011-12-02 Alarmvorrichtungsprüfung unter Verwendung von zeitcodierten akustischen Nachrichten Active EP2461299B1 (de)

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CN104734779A (zh) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-24 中兴通讯股份有限公司 简单数据处理方法及装置
WO2018044331A1 (en) * 2016-09-04 2018-03-08 Honeywell International Inc. Man down detection for personal safety alarm device
US20190005811A1 (en) * 2017-06-30 2019-01-03 Honeywell International Inc. Systems and methods for downloading data from a monitoring device to a mobile device
CN115311834A (zh) * 2018-02-02 2022-11-08 西门子瑞士有限公司 安全性设备检查
EP4089655B1 (de) 2021-05-10 2024-07-10 E.I. Technology Unlimited Company Akustische schnittstelle für eine alarmvorrichtung

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EP2461299A2 (de) 2012-06-06
IE20110538A1 (en) 2012-06-06
EP2461299A3 (de) 2015-07-29
DE202011110746U1 (de) 2016-01-26

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